Desalination Of Seawater By Ro System
-
Upload
university-of-stavanger -
Category
Technology
-
view
1.304 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Desalination Of Seawater By Ro System
DESALINATION OF SEAWATER BY REVERSE OSMOSIS
Presented by Valeri Aristide RAZAFIMANANTSOA
(History & Cost)
OUTLINE
Why this subject?
History
Methods used in desalinationCost
Why this subject?
WHY THIS SUBJECT ?
1750 : 791 millions 2009 : 6.9 billion
?
WHY THIS SUBJECT ? (CONT.)
Oceans
Ice
FW
Wv
WORLD’S WATER SUPPLY
WHY THIS SUBJECT ? (CONT.)
UNESCO's World Water Development Report (WWDR, 2003) from its World Water Assessment Program indicates that, in the next 20 years, the quantity of water available to everyone is predicted to decrease by 30 percent.
40 percent of the world's inhabitants currently have insufficient fresh water for minimal hygiene.
History
HISTORY OF DESALINATION
Desalination process is not a new concept.
During the 1700s water desalination plants were developed in the UK, Europe and the US and simple desalination systems became standard equipment on ships during the 1800s.
The first large scale desalination operations were undertaken in the Middle East following World War II.
The popularity of water desalination increased in the 1960s with the reliability of the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane.
HISTORY OF DESALINATION (CONT.)
Today there are over 14,000 desalination plants in operation around the globe (60% of which are in the Middle East and 12% in the United States)
Ashkelon Plant, Israel
Methods used in desalination
Ion exchangeDistillation Membrane processes
Freezing
METHODS USED IN DESALINATION
Geothermal desalinisation
Seawater greenhouse
Reverse osmosis plants are the most common type, but multi-stage flash distillation plants produce over 85 PERCENT of all desalinated water in the world.
Cost
37
44
4
75
3
Percent distribution of cost factors
fixed costelectric powerlabormaintenancemembrane replacementconsumables
WATCH MOVIE
For listening