Ricerca Malta

7/27/2019 Ricerca Malta

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MALTA

Geography

Malta is an archipelago in the central Mediterranean (in its eastern basin), some80km (50mi) south of the Italian islandof Sicily across the Malta Channel !nly the threelargest islands" Malta (Malta), #o$o (#%a&de')and Comino (emmuna)" are inhabited hesmaller islands (see belo&)are uninhabited he islands of the archipelago lie ontheMalta plateau, a shallo& shelf formed from thehigh points ofa land bridge bet&een Sicily and *orth +frica thatbecame isolated as sea leels rose after the lastIce +ge

he archipelago is therefore situated in the $onebet&eenthe -urasian and +frican tectonic plates*umerous baysalong the indented coastline of the islands proidegood harbours he landscape consists of lo& hills&ith terraced fields he highest point in Maltais a. /merek, at 152m (820ft), near /ingli +lthough thereare some small riers at times of high rainfall, there are no permanent riers orlakes on Malta 3o&eer, some &atercourses hae fresh &ater running all yearround at 4a%ria, lImta%leb and San Martin, and at 6un$ata 7alley in#o$ohytogeographically, Malta belongs to the 6iguroyrrhenian proince of

the Mediterranean 9egion &ithin the 4oreal ingdom +ccording to the ::;, theterritory of Malta belongs to the ecoregion of <Mediterranean ;orests, :oodlandsand Scrub<

History

Knights of MaltaIn =520 -mperor Charles 7 gae the islands to thenights 3ospitaller under the leadership of ;renchmanhilippe de 7illiers de 6.Isle+dam, #rand Master of the!rder, in perpetual lease for &hich they had to pay the ribute of the Maltese ;alcon hese knights, a militaryreligious order no& kno&n as the nights of Malta, had



been drien out of 9hodes by the !ttoman -mpire in =511In =55=, 4arbary corsairs enslaed the entire population of the Maltese island#o$o, about 5,000, deporting them to the 4arbary coast he knights, led by ;renchman >ean arisot de la 7alette, #rand Master of the!rder, &ithstood a siege by the !ttomans in =5?5 he knights, &ith the help ofthe Maltese, &ere ictorious, and speaking of the battle 7oltaire said, <*othing

is better kno&n than the siege of Malta<@5AB +fter the siege they decided toincrease Malta.s fortifications, particularly in the innerharbour area, &here thene& city of 7alletta, named in honour of 7alette, &as built hey alsoestablished &atchto&ers along the coasts" the :ignacourt, 6ascaris and de9edin to&ers named after the #rand Masters &ho ordered the &ork henights. presence on the island sa& the completion of many architectural andcultural proects, including the embellishment of Citt 7ittoriosa, theconstruction of ne& cities including Citt 9ohan and Citt 3ompesch and theintroduction of ne& academic and social resources

Economy Malta is classified as an adanced economy together &ith 21 other countriesaccording to the International Monetary ;und (IM;)@ADB Entil =800 Maltadepended on cotton, tobacco and its shipyards for e'ports !nce under 4ritishcontrol, they came to depend on the dockyard for support of the 9oyal *ay,especially during the Crimean :ar of =85F he military base benefitedcraftsmen and all those &ho sered the military

Banking and finance

he t&o largest commercial banks are 4ank of 7alletta and 3S4C 4ank Malta,both of &hich can trace their origins back to the =Dth centuryMalta is one ofthe &orld.s financial centreshe Central 4ank of Malta (4ank Gentrali ta. Malta)has t&o key areas of responsibilityH the formulation and implementation ofmonetary policy and the promotion of a sound and efficient financial system It&as established by the Central 4ank of Malta +ct on =A +pril =D?8 he Maltesegoernment entered -9M II on F May 1005, and adopted the euro as thecountry.s currency on = >anuary 1008;inanceMalta is the uasigoernmentalorganisation tasked &ith marketing and educating business leaders in comingto Malta and runs seminars and eents around the &orld highlighting theemerging strength of Malta as a urisdiction for banking and finance and

insurance@

Transport

Malta International +irport (+ruport Interna$$onali ta. Malta) is the only airportsering the Maltese Islands It is built on the landformerly occupied by the 9+; 6ua air base +heliport is also located there, but the scheduledserice to #o$o ceased in 100? he heliport in#o$o is at Je&kia Since >une 100A, 3arbour +irMalta has operated a thricedaily floatplane serice

bet&een the sea terminal in #rand 3arbour andMgarr 3arbour in #o$o &o further airfields at a. Kali and Lal ;ar



operated during :orld :ar II and into the =D?0s but are no& closed oday, a.Kali houses a national park, stadium, the Crafts 7illage isitor attraction andthe Malta +iation Museum his museum preseres seeral aircraft, including3urricane and Spitfire fighters that defended the island in :orld :ar II he national airline is +ir Malta, &hich is based at Malta International +irport,and &hich operates serices to 2? destinations in -urope and *orth +frica he

o&ners of +ir Malta are the #oernment of Malta (D8) and priate inestors(1) +ir Malta employs =,5FA staff It has a 15 shareholding in Medaia+ir Malta has concluded oer =D= interline ticketing agreements &ith other I++airlines It also has a codeshare agreement &ith Kantas coering three routesIn September 100A, +ir Malta made t&o agreements &ith +bu /habibased-tihad +ir&ays by &hich +ir Malta &etleased t&o +irbus aircraft to -tihad+ir&ays for the &inter period starting = September 100A, and proidedoperational support on another +irbus +210 aircraft &hich it leased to -tihad+ir&ays

Tourism

Malta is a popular tourist destination, &ith =1 million tourists eery yearhreetimes more tourists isit than there are residents ourism infrastructure hasincreased dramatically oer the years and anumber of gooduality hotels are present on theisland, although oerdeelopment and thedestruction oftraditional housing is of gro&ing concern +nincreasingnumber of Maltese no& trael abroad on holidayIn recent years, Malta has adertised itself as a

medicaltourism destination, and a number of health tourismproiders are deeloping the industry 3o&eer, noMaltese hospital has undergone independentinternational healthcare accreditation Malta is popular&ith 4ritish medical tourists, pointing Maltese hospitals to&ards seeking Esourced accreditation, such as &ith the rent +ccreditation Scheme /ualaccreditation &ith the +mericanoriented >oint Commission is necessary ifhospitals in Malta &ish to compete &ith the ;ar -ast and 6atin +merica formedical tourists from the Enited States

Politics

Malta is a republic,&hose parliamentary system and public administration isclosely modelled on the :estminster system Malta had the secondhighestoter turnout in the &orld (and the highest for nations &ithout mandatoryoting), based on election turnout in national lo&er house elections from =D?0to =DD5 he unicameral 3ouse of 9epresentaties,(MalteseH amra tad/eputati), is elected by directuniersal suffrage through single transferable oteeery fie years, unless the 3ouse is dissoled earlier bythe resident on adice of the rime Minister

he 3ouse of 9epresentaties is made up of si'tynineMembers of arliament 3o&eer, &here a party &ins anabsolute maority of otes, but does not hae a maority of



seats, that party is gien additional seats to ensure a parliamentary maority he Constitution of Malta proides that the resident appoint as rime Ministerthe member of the 3ouse &ho is best able to command a (goerning) maorityin the 3ouse he resident of Malta is appointed for a fieyear term by a resolution of the3ouse of 9epresentaties carried by a simple maority he role of the resident

as head of state is largely ceremonial he main political parties are the*ationalist arty,&hich is a Christian democratic party, and the 6abour arty, &hichis a social democratic party he 6abour arty is currently at thehelm of the goernment, the rime Minister being >oseph Muscat he *ationalist arty, &ith 6a&rence #on$i as its leader, is in opposition hereare a number of smaller political parties in Maltathat presently hae no parliamentary representationEntil :orld :ar II, Maltese politics &as dominated by the language uestionfought out by Italophile and +nglophile parties@??B ost:ar politics dealt &ithconstitutional uestions on the relations &ith 4ritain (first &ith integration thenindependence) and, eentually, relations &ith the -uropean Enion

Languages

he Maltese language (MalteseH Malti) is the constitutional national language ofMalta +longside the Maltese 6anguage, -nglish is also an official language ofthe country and hence the la&s of the land are enacted both in Maltese and-nglish 3o&eer, the Constitution states that if there is any conflict bet&eenthe Maltese and the -nglish te'ts of any la&, the Maltese te't shall preail

Ricerca Malta

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