Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
-
Upload
irri-rice-knowledge-bank -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
3
Transcript of Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
1/112
1
bbeecckkvviiTTaaeeRRkkaayyRRbbmmUUllppllRRssUUvv RRIICCEEPPOOSSTTHHAARRVVEESSTTTTEECCHHNNOOLLOOGGYY
dkRsg ngERbsRmlB Extracted and Translated fromkarsikSaEbbeGLikRtUnik(E-LEARNING)rbs viTasanRsavRCavdMNaMRsUvGnrCatiProduced by the International Rice Research Institute
qa 2012
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
2/112
i
sarGKelxaFikarKMnitpcepImshRbt ibt ikares,g nigksikmGasIu
KMntpcepmshRbtibtkarGMBes,g ngkskmGas smeKarBsaKmn !KMnitpcepImenHKWCaGgnkicshRbtibtikarmanlkNGnrrdaPi)al nigBhuPaKI EdlRtUv
)anbegIteLIgedayrd)alGPivDn_CnbTnsaFarNrdkUer: kgTisedAedIm,IbegInplitkmes,g eFIV[ekItmanCak;EsgnUvkareFIVksikmRbkbedaynirnrPaB nigEklmesvakmpSBVpSayrbs;RbeTsnanaenATIVbGasIu tamrykarEckrMElkcMeNHdwg nigBtmansIBIbeckviTaksikm .
rd)alGPivDn_CnbTxagelI EdlCasabnrdaPi)alTTYlbnkkargaresvakmRsavRCav nigpSBVpSayksikm )anRbwgERbgbegIt nigpSBVpSaybeckviTaksikm kgryeBl 50 qaMcugeRkay .
CaEpkmYynkicRbwgERbgenH mankitiyseday)anTTYlnUvkasedIm,Ie)aHBum
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
3/112
ii
MESSAGE
Greetings from the Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative (AFACI)!
AFACI is an intergovernmental and multilateral cooperation body established by the Rural
Development Administration (RDA) of the Republic of Korea, aiming to improve foodproduction, realize sustainable agriculture and enhance extension service of Asian countries
by sharing knowledge and information on agricultural technology.
RDA, a governmental organization for agricultural research and extension services, has been
trying to develop and distribute the agricultural technology for last fifty years.
As a part of these efforts, I am honored to have opportunity to publish agricultural books for
AFACI member countries with a special fund from RDA.
This activity aims at facilitating the publication and distribution of agricultural technologybooks for providing agricultural technologies directly to local farmers and sharing educational
materials in their local languages or English.
I believe that it is meaningless not to be distributed and practically used no matter how great
the technology may be.
I truly hope that this book serves as a useful guide for farmers as well as becomes a
touchstone for closer relationship between the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Republic of
Korea.
Thank you very much.
Sincerely,
Cho, Yang-Hee
Secretary GeneralAsian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative (AFACI)
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
4/112
iii
esckIEfgGMNrKuN
mas Bisid RbFannaykdanshRbtibtikarGnrCati nRksYgksikm rukaRbmaj; nigensaT
nigCaTIRbwkSaGnrCatinviTasanRsavRCavdMNaMRsUvGnrCatisRmab;RbBneRkayplitkmRsUv EdlCaGkERbsRmYl nigeroberog sUmEfgGMNrKuNcMeBaH - RkumTIRbwkSaKeRmag : karbegInCIvPaBksikrRkIRk tamrykareFIV[kan;EtRbesIrnUvkarRKb;
RKgRsUv bnab;BIRcUtkat; : elak esog bunf sasacarGnuviTalyEbkcan RsukGgslextkNal nigelak sn viciRt cMeBaHkarcUlrYmBinitxwmsar nigBakeBcn_.
- viTasanRsavRCavdMNaMRsUvGnrCati cMeBaHksaredIm kgTRmg;CakarsikSaeGLikRtUnik .-
KMnitpcepImshRbtibtikarGMBIes,g nigksikmGasIu Edl)anpl;fvika nigkarelIkTwkcit[erobcM nige)aHBum
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
5/112
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I, Meas Pyseth, Director of the Department of International Cooperation of the
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and Consultant for Postproduction System of
the International Rice Research Institute, as the translator and author would like to thank:
-The consultants of the Project titled Improving Farmers Livelihoods troughImproving Rice Postharvest Management, Mr. Sieng Bunthay (Professor ofBekchan Secondary School, Angsnuol District, Kandal Province) and Mr. Sorn
Vichet (IRRI Consultant) for very valuable review and recommendations.
-The IRRI for the original copy in the form of e-learning.-Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative (AFACI).-The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, especially the General
Directorate of Agriculture for providing the opportunity and support.
-My parents, family, relatives and friends who have given life, education, advices,encouragement and commitments for me to study, so that I can live on and do manykind works for the nation and Khmer farmers.
I also like to apologize for any mistake in this document and will accept all
constructive criticisms.
Phnom Penh, March 2012
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
6/112
v
matikaTBr
sarGKelxaFikarKMnitpcepImshRbtibtikares,g nigksikmGasIu i
esckIEfgGMNrKuN iiisTanuRkm x1> esckIepIm 12> karRbmUlplRsUv 2
2>1 sarsMxan;;nkarRcUtkat;RtwmRtUv nigkgeBldsmRsb 22>2 viFIRbmUlplRsUv 3
2>2>1 karRbmUlpledayd 32>2>2 karRcUtkat;edayd nige)akEbnedaym:asIun 32>2>3 karRbmUlpledaykMub 4
2>3 bBaaekItmanedaykarTukkNab;kgERs 52>4 bBaakgkarCBankNab; 62>5 kare)akEbn 62>6 karsMGat 112>7 kar)at;bg;kgeBlRbmUlpl 13
2>7>1 kar)at;bg;kgeBlRcUtkat; 132>7>2 kar)at;bg; kgeBle)akEbn nigsMGat 142>7>3 kar)at;bg;kgeBldwkCBan 14
2>8 sMNYrGMBIIkarRbmUlpl 153> karhalsmtRsUv 17
3>1 sarsMxan;;nkarhalsmt 173>2 viFIsmt 18
3>2>1 karhalRsUvedaykemAf 183>2>2 karsmtRsUvedaym:asIun 20
3>3 sMNYrGMBIkarhalsmt 224> karTukdak ; 24
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
7/112
vi
4>1 brikarTukdak; 244>2 lkxNsRmab;Tukdak; 254>3 RbBnTukdak; 26
4>3>1 karTukdak;kg)av 274>3>2 karTukdak;kgCRguk 274>3>3 karTukdak;kgFugFM 28
4>4 karTukdak;biTCit 314>4>1 mUlehtuRtUvTukdak;biTCit 314>4>2 karcMNaykgkarTukdak;biTCit 32
4>5 ktacRgkgeBlTukdak; - stVlit 324>5>1 brisanrs;enArbs;stVlit 324>5>2 stVlitTI 1 nig TI 2 33
4>6 ktacRgkgkarTukdak; - stVkekr kNrFM nigtUc 354>6>1 karbgbBaarbs;stVkekr 364>6>2 tRmUvkarrbs;stVkekr 37
4>6>3 viFankarTb;sat; 374>7 ktacRgkgkarTukdak; - CMgW bkarduHpSit 38
4>7>1 bBaabgedaypSit 384>7>2 meFa)ayTb;sat;karekItmanCMgWpSit 39
4>8 kareRCIsyksMNak 394>8>1 sarsMxan;;nkareRCIsyksMNakRtwmRtUv 40
4>8>2 rebobeRCIsyksMNak[)anRtwmRtUv 414>8>3 karrkSaTuk nigeRbIR)as;sMNak 41
4>9 GRtasMeNImRsUvGgr 424>9>1 karvas;GRtasMeNIm 424>9>2 GRtasMeNImsmta 444>9>3 GRtasMeNImeFobbriyakas 46
4>9>4 GRtasMeNImeFobsmta 464>10 sMNYrGMBIkarTukdak; 47
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
8/112
vii
5> karkinRsUv 495>1 viFIkinRsUv 50
5>1>1 karkinRsUvkg 1 lMdab; 50
5>1>2 karkinRsUv 2 lMdab; 525>1>3 karkinRsUveRcInlMdab; 52
5>2 m:asIunkinRsUvTMenIb 535>2>1 karsMGatRsUv munkin 535>2>2 karkinsMrUb 535>2>3 karEjkRsUv 53
5>2>4 karkinsRmit nigkarxat;rMlIg 535>2>5 karEjkGgr 545>2>6 karRcbl;Ggr 545>2>7 karfwgGgr 54
5>3 sMNYrGMBIkarkinRsUv 546 - KuNPaBRsUv Ggr 56
6>1 lkNrUbsaRsnRsUvGgr 566>1>1 lkNrUbsasnRsUv 566>1>2 lkNrUbsasnGgr 57
6>2 lkNKImInGgr 616>2>1 Gelatinization temperature sItuNPaBEdleFIV[GgrERbCa)ay 616>2>2 Amylose content GRtaGamILs 62
6>2>3 Gel consistency sirPaBrbs;CatiGnil 636>3 ktaman\TiBldl;KuNPaBRsUvGgr 64
6>3>1 ktaBUC 656>3>2 ktaplitkm 656>3>3 ktaRKb;RKgenAeRkayeBlRbmUlpl 65
6>4 lkNrbs;BUC 65
6>4>1 sarsMxan;;nKuNPaBRKab;BUC 666>4>2 lkNsuTxagBUCnRKab;BUCRsUv 67
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
9/112
viii
6>4>3 PaBminsat 686>4>4 TMhMRKab; 686>4>5 RKab;BUCxUc xUcRTg;RTay nigmanCMgW 68
6>4>6 GRtadMNuHkgERs 686>4>7 dMeNknRKab;BUC 696>4>8 kareFIVetsRKab;BUC 696>4>9 viBaabnbRtbBaak;BUC 70
6>5 meFa)ayedIm,IplitRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBx5>1 kareRCIserIsERs nigkarerobcMdI 72
6>5>2 karRKb;RKgdMNaM 736>5>3 karRKb;RKgRKab;BUCenAeRkayeBlRbmUlpl 75
6>6 kareFIVetsvaytmKuNPaBRKab;BUC 796>6>1 kareFIVetsGRtasMeNIm 806>6>2 kareFIVetsGRtadMNuH 806>6>3 kareFIVetsPaBsatrbs;RKab;BUC 81
6>6>4 kareFIVetskMNt;PaBsuTxagBUC 816>6>5 Tmn; 1000 RKab; 83
6>7 sMNYrGMBIKuNPaBRsUvGgr 847> esckIsegb 89
7>1 karRKb;RKg eRkayRbmUlpl 897>2 sarsMxan;nkarRKb;RKg eRkayRbmUlpl 89
7>3 kareFIV[kicRbtibtieRkayRbmUlpl manPaBRbesIr 897>4 sMNYrbBab; 91
8 > karbegItEpnkarskmPaB 979> GkrYmcMENkplitksarenH CakarsikSaEbbeGLikRtUnik 98
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
10/112
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTPage
Message from the Director General of AFACI i
Acknowledgement iii
Glossary x
1. Introduction 1
2. Rice harvest 22.1 Importance of proper and on-time harvest 2
2.2 Harvesting methods 3
2.3 Problems occurred when leaving cut crop in the field 5
2.4 Problems occurred when gathering and transporting cut crop 6
2.5 Threshing 6
2.6 Cleaning 11
2.7 Postharvest losses 13
3. Rice drying 17
3.1 Importance of drying 17
3.2 Drying methods 18
3.3 Questions on drying 22
4. Rice storage 24
4.1 Storage facilities 24
4.2 Storage conditions; 25
4.3 Storage system 26
4.4 Sealed storage 31
4.5 Storage pests Insects 32
4.6 Storage pests Rodents 35
4.7 Storage pests Fungi 38
4.8 Sampling 39
4.9 Rice moisture content 424.10 Questions on storage 47
5. Rice milling 49
5.1 Milling methods 50
5.2 Modern rice mills 53
5.3 Questions on rice milling 54
6. Rice grain quality 56
6.1 Physical properties 56
6.2 Chemical properties 61
6.3 Factors that affect rice grain quality 64
6.4 Seed properties 65
6.5 Ways to produce high-quality seed 726.6 Testing seed quality 79
6.7 Questions on rice grain quality 84
7. Summary 89
7.1 Postharvest management 89
7.2 Importance of postharvest management 89
7.3 Improving postharvest management 89
7.4 Final questions 91
8. Workplan 97
9. Contributors of the e-learning document 98
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
11/112
x
sTanuRkmBrown rice Ggrsrb GgrKansm,kGgam b:uEnenAsl;RsTab;knk; .Chalky rice GgreBaHs GgrEdlpeRkAeRcInCag 75 manBNdUcdIs elIkElgGgrdMeNIb .Chip kemccgGgr kemcbbMENkGgr EdlGacFak;cuHtamRbehag b rnmUlmanRbEvg Ggt;pit
cab;BI 1>4 mIlIEm:Rt .Damaged grains RsvGgrxc RsUvGgrxUcedaysarsMeNIm ktacRg CMgWbmUlehtuepSgeTot
edayminrab;bBalkarxUcxatbNalBIkemA .Discolored grain or yellow grain RsvGgrERbBN b GgreLIgBNelOg RsUvGgrEdlxUc
ehIyeFIV[ERbBNeTACaelOg bexA edaykareLIgkemA kareLIgesIm b RsUbsMeNImcUlvij b
edaykarbMpajnCMgWpSit .Dryer masnsmt m:asIunbnSat;sMeNImecjBIRsUvGgresIm edayeFIV[manxl;ekAbk;qgkat; .Drying karhalsmt kareFIV[fycuHsMeNImkgRKab;RsUvGgr .Foreign matter sarFatlayLM sarFatusrIrag bGsrIrag minEmnCaRsUvGgr sMram .Glutinous rice Rsv b GgrdeNb RsUvGgrBiess EdlmanGgrBNsRsGab; .Harvesting karRbmlpl karRcUtkat;ykEpkmankYr ecjBIedImRsUvkgERs .Head rice Ggredm GgrmanRbEvgesI nigEvgCag 75 nRbEvgRKab;GgrTaMgmUl .Heat damage grains RsvGgrxcedayeLIgkemA RsUvGgr TaMgmUl b bMENk EdlERbBN
edayeLIgkemA .Immature grain RsvesrTk RsUvminTan;TMuRKb;RKan; b minTan;dak;RKab;eBjelj .Large broken cgGgrRKabF cugGgrmanRbEvg 50 - 75nRbEvgRKab;GgrTaMgmUl .Medium broken cgGgrRKabmFm cugGgrmanRbEvg 25 - 50nRbEvgRKab;GgrTaMgmUl .Milled rice Ggrs b GgrsRmt GgrEdlKansm,kGgam nigRsTab;knk; .Paddy Rsv manrYmTaMgGgr RsTab;knk; nigsm,kGgam .Red grain GgrRkhm b rnk GgrEdlmanpeRkAeRcInCag 14 BNRkhm edayminrab;bBal
GgrEdlxUcedayeLIgkemA .Small broken cgGgrRKabtc b lt cugGgrxICag 25nRbEvgRKab;GgrTaMgmUl .Sun drying karhalRsvedaykemAf viFIhalRsUvtamTmab; edayBRgayva[rgkemAf .Whole kernel RKabGgrTagml RKab;GgrBMumankar)ak;Ebk .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
12/112
xi
Breeder seed RKabBCCeRmsvTr RKab;BUCnBUCfImYyEdlmanPaBsuTx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
13/112
1
1 - esckIepImcab;BIeBlEdlvaTMuRKb;RKan;ehIy RsUvGacnwgTTYlrgkarxUcxat EdlmannyfaRsUvEtgman
KuNPaBx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
14/112
2
2 - karRbmUlplRsUv karRbmUlplRsUvrYmmankicRbtibtimYycMnYndUcCa karRcUtkat; karCBankNab; kare)akEbn
karsMGatnigkarRckRsUvcUl)av . kgcenaHeBlenaH ksikrGacnwghalkNab;RsUv bKrCaKMnr .rUbTI 2>1 bgajGMBIkicRbtibtiTaMgenaH niglMdab;rbs;va .
rbTI 2>1 ldab;nkicRbtibtedIm,IRbmUlplRsv2>1 sarsMxan;;nkarRcUtkat;RtwmRtUv nigkgeBldsmRsb
karRcUtkat;kgeBlsmRsb b enAeBlEdlRsUvmanGRtasMeNImsmRsbGacnwgpl;TinplRBmTaMgKuNPaBx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
15/112
3
RbsinebIRsUvenAesImxaMg b manGRtasMeNImx2>1 karRbmlpledaydkarRbmUlpledaydrYmman karRcUtedaykeNv rUbTI 2>2 edIm,Ikat;ykcMebIg nigkYrRsUv
TMu kgkmfhikta ehIyktRmUv[cMNayBlkmbEnmedIm,IRbmUl nigCBankNab; . kare)akEbneFIVeLIgedayeRbIR)as;]bkrN_bbrikarmanlkNbUraN dUc CaERK bkare)ak EbnedayeCIg nigbBaan;edaystV byanyn .
rbTI 2>2 karRctRsvedayd edaykeNv2>2>2 karRctkatedayd nge)akEbnedaymasn
tamviFIenH edImRsUvRtUv)anRcUtkat;edayd b edaym:asIunkat;pl ehIykare)akEbn nigkar
sMGatnwgGnuvtedaym:asIun . m:asIunRcUtEdlkat;pledImRsUvkgERs rUbTI 2>3 BMusUvmankarniymeRbIR)as;TUlMTUlayeLIyenATIVbGasIu . enARbeTsmYycMnYn m:asIunRcUtRtUv)aneKdak;Pab;[dMeNIrkar
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
16/112
4
enABImuxRtak;Tr . m:asIunRcUtmanmuxkat; 1>5 Em:Rt GacRcUt)an 2 - 4 hiktaf . edIm,I[GaceRbIR)as;m:asIunEbbenH)anRsYl nigRtwmRtUv caM)ac;RtUvBRgabdIERs[esI nigbgrTwkecj[Gs;BIERsmunRcUt . eTaHCay:agNakeday m:asIunEbbenHlM)aknwgRcUtRsUvEdldYlrabdl;dI .
rbTI 2>3 karRctedaym:asn2>2>3 karRbmlpledaykb: kMub : rUbTI 2>4 nigrUbTI 2>5 KWCam:asIunEdlbMeBjmuxgarxageRkamsrub b kgeBlEtmYy
-karRcUtkat; EpkRcUtkat;manRbdab;elIkedImRsUv CaBiesssRmab;RsUvdYl nigRbdab;RcUtkat;edImRsUv . muxRcUtrbs;kMubERbRbYlBI 1 - 5 Em:Rt GaRsyeTAtamsmtPaBrbs;va .
-karbBanRsUvRcUtkat;ehIyeTAe)ak mansIuLaMgFMmYybMeBjmuxgarpl nigbBanedImRsUvEdlkat;ehIy eTAkgRbBnExSBanbBaneTAEpke)ak .
-kare)akEbn EpkenHmansIuLaMg b t,al;e)ak 1 beRcIn nigbnHEdksrsenABIeRkam edIm,ICCuHRKab;ecjBIcMebIg . kMubPaKeRcInmant,al;e)akRbePTbBanclnatambeNayGkS EdlmanPaBsmRsbsRmab;edImRsUvesIm .
-karsMGat sRmab;EjksMram dUcCakemccMebIg sNI nigRKab;RsUves
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
17/112
5
rbTI 2>4 kMbkMBgRctRsvsarsxannkareRbR)askb
enAeBlBMuGacrk)annUvkmaMgBlkmRKb;RKan; nigTan;eBl karRcUtkat;KWCakicRbtibtiTI 1 EdlRtUv)aneKGnuvteLIgedayeRbIR)as;m:asIun . enARbeTs\Na cin nigf karTTYlykeTAeRbIR)as;nUvkMub mansnHelOn . kMubsRmab;RcUtRsUvmanTMhMxusKa ehIytamFmtavamankg;Rcvak; edIm,I[gayeFIVclnaenAkgERs . Ca]TahrN_kMubplitenARbeTsfmanmuxRcUtRbEvg 2 - 3 Em:Rt GacRcUt)an 0>6 - 1 hiktaem:ag nigmanTmn; 4 - 8 etan enAeBlEdlkMubFuntUc manmuxRcUtRbEvg1>2 Em:Rt GacRcUt)an 0>12 hiktaem:ag nigmanTmn; 0>5 etan . kMubFuntUcmankg;Fmta
eBalKWmincaM)ac;mankg;Rcvak;eRBaHvaRsal mingayCab;pug b GacelIk b Kas;)an eBlCab;pug .2>3 bBaaekItmanedaykarTukkNab;kgERs
kgkarRbmUlpltamTmab; ksikrEtgraykNab;kgERskgryeBlyUr edayRtUvrg;caMm:asIune)ak b halsmtRsUv[ehIy munnwgykvaeTAe)akEbn . tamrebobenH RKab;RsUvGacrgTwkePg bTwksenSImenAeBlyb; ehIyrgkemAfxaMgkgeBlf eFIV[vagayRCuH nigeRbHRsaMRKab; .
rbTI 2>5 karKrkNab;RsvenAkgERs
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
18/112
6
maneBlxHeTot ksikrKredIm bkNab;RsUvCaKMnrrUbTI 2>5 edaydak;kYrEbrcUlkg edIm,IkarBarRKab;RsUvBITwkePg TwksenSIm nigkarbMpajrbs;stVsab nigkNr . enAkgKMnrTaMgenaH EtgBMumanxl;bk;qgkat;RKb;RKan; bg[eLIgkemAxaMg EdleFIV[
- RsUvrgkarbMpajedayCMgWpSity:agqab;rhs .- RsUvGgrERbBN sUm,IEtkgryeBl 1 fkeday .-CagenaHeTAeTot RsUvEdlstehIy GacnwgRsUbsMeNImBIedImEdlenAesImenAeLIy eFIV[
eRbHRsaMGgr ehIyenATIbMput Ggrnwg)ak;exceRcIn .
2>4 bBaakgkarCBankNab;karCBankNab;bdRsUvEdlRcUtehIy eTAdak;enAkEng bTIlane)akEbn GaceFIV[RCuHxat;
xayeRcInCaBiessenAeBlEdlRsUvstehIy . enAtMbn;PMmYycMnYn ksikrEtgRcUtykEtkYrRsUv edIm,IgayRsYlCBan rUbTI 2>6 .
rbTI 2>6 karCBankNab; ngk YrRsv2>5 kare)akEbn
kare)akEbnKWCaEpkmYynkarRbmUlpl edIm,IEjkRsUvecjBIedIm bcMebIgedayviFIeKaHvayeFIV[kkit b edaysrubrYmKaEtmg . karyWty:avmin)ane)akEbnRsUvPambnab;BIRcUt edayTukkNab;ecalkgERs bKrCaKMnr GaceFIV[RsUvfycuHKuNPaBy:agelOn . kare)akEbnminRtwmRtUvkGaceFIV[RsUvxUcKuNPaB nigkMBb;xat;xayEdr .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
19/112
7
vFe)akEbn-karEbnRsUv b bBaan; KWkareRbIR)as;eCIgmnusS b eCIgstVedIm,IEbn b bBaan;RsUvEdl
BRgayelITIlan rUbTI 2>7 . enAtMbn;mYycMnYn eKbBaan;RsUvedayebIkRtak;Trbyanyn
epSgeTotBIelIRsUv CMnYsstV . kareFIVEbbenHeFIV[RsUvminrgkarb:HTgicxaMg eFIV[vamingayeRbHRsaM b:uEnGacnwgmanbBaakalNavaenAKryUrkgTIlan eBalKWmin)anhalsmtqab; .
rbTI 2>7 karEbn ngbBaanRsv-karvay b e)akkNab;pb;nwgGIVmYy tamviFIenH RsUvRtUv)anEjkecjBIcMebIgedaykarvay
kNab;pb;nwgERKrnabkare)ak b vtepSgEdlrwg dUcCaFugsaMgCaedIm rUbTI 2>8 .
rbTI TI 2>8 kare)akRsv-m:asIune)akRsUvmanQan;Can;nwgeCIg m:asIunEbbenH rUbTI 2>9 RtUv)ancbegIteLIgCa
sMxan;edIm,Ie)akRsUvEdlmingayrebHecjBIkYr . kNab;RsUvRtUv)ankan;[Cab; ehIyykeTAdak;[kYrRsUv sitedayeFjm:asIun EdlviledaykarFak;Qan;nwgeCIg . CaTUeTA m:asIunenHEtgeFIV[cMebIgdac;layLMCamYynwgRsUv EdlcaM)ac;RtUvEtsMGatRsUvenaH bnab;BIe)akrYc .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
20/112
8
rbTI 2>9 m :asne)akRsvmanQanCanedayeCg-m:asIune)ak edaysarfakare)akEbnedayd b edaybBaan;EtgtRmUv[cMNaykmaMgBl
km nigeBlevlaeRcIn m:asIune)akRsUv rUbTI 2>10 eRcInRbePTRtUv)anplit nigTTYlykeTAeRbIR)as; .
rbTI 2>10 m :asne)akRsvGaRsyeTAtamkarniymrbs;ksikr viFIRbtibtieRkayplitkm nigehdarcnasm
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
21/112
9
rbTI 2>11 t,alm:asne)akKMrevotNam ngKMrf RBmTagclnaRsvkgeBle)akvFeRbR)asmasne)ak
karEfrkSa karEksRmYl bkareRbIR)as;minRtwmRtUvnUvm:asIune)akRsUv GaceFIV[ekInkar)at;bg;nigcMNayeRbgeRcIn ehIymaneBlxHGaceFVI[maneRKaHfak;dl;GkRbtibtieTotpg .
dUecH munnwgeRbIR)as;m:asIune)akRsUv RtUv -Binit[)anc,as;fam:asIunmansanPaBl .- eRCIserIsTItaMgmanPaBrabesI ehIyenACitKMnrkNab; .- Rkalkenl bkRmalenABIeRkamm:asIune)ak.-cab;pMnUvbgM nigeRKOgkarBarnanaEdl)anedaH .-bMEbrTisbeBajcMebIg[eTAtamTisxl; .-
BinitkRmitswkercril nigPaBCab;lab;neFjt,al; .-bgVilemIlt,al;e)ak 2 - 3 CMu .-BinitemIlkRmit nIv:U eRbgm:asIun nigcMNuHeRbgsaMg bm:asUt.-BinitemIlkEngEdlRtUvmanxaj;eKa dUcCa)adagepSg .-manmnusS 3 - 4 nak;edIm,IRbtibti elIkkNab;BIKMnr jat;bBal nigRckRsUvcUl)av .-beBaHm:asIun ehIyBinitemIlel,nvilnt,al; .-
Binit[c,as;faExSBanrt;Rtg;enAelIb:UlI nigmanPaBtwgsmRsb .enAeBle)ak RtUv
- elIkkNab;RsUvdak;elIfasm:asIun edaydak;xagkYreTAmux .-jat;bBalkNab;[esId tRmUvtamlkxN b sPaBrbs;edImRsUv edayleFIV[m:asIune)ak
)ankan;Etrhs b:uEnecosvagkMueFIV[vaGYl rUbTI 2>12 .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
22/112
10
rbTI 2>12 karjat;Rsvclm:asn- EksRmYlbrikarsMGatRsUv eTAtamlkxNe)ak . cUrbiTsnHkgar rUbTI 2>13 ehIyebIkvabnicmg rhUtTal;EtBiniteXIjmanRKab;RsUvltictYcGacebIughYssnH)aMgxl; .
rbTI 2>13 kgarpsGatRsv-cUrEksRmYlmuMsnH)aMgxl;enaH rUbTI 2>14 .
rbTI 2>14 snH)agxl
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
23/112
11
- eRbIR)as;rnabeQI b bsSI edIm,IqwHykkemckmIenACab; b eFIV[sHkERBagjak; eRBaHfakareRbI dTeTGacnwgeFIV[maneRKaHfak; .
edIm,IeFIVV[kare)akRsUvmanRbsiTPaBx15
edIm,IkMu[edImRsUvmUrCab;t,al; nigedIm,I[kare)ak)anRCHl . RbsinebImincaM)ac; RtUvedaHr)arTb;enaHecj BIeRBaHvaeFIV[fycuHsmtPaBe)akrbs;m:asIun .
rbTI 2>15 r)ar b eFjTb;-sRmab;RsUvesIm b BukpuyxH KYrbnyel,njat;bBaledIm,IkMu[vaGYl ehIyeFIV[kERBag
mansPaBsatCanic. cUr]sSah_ebIkKRmbt,al;edIm,IsMGatRbeLaHenAeRkam nigCMuvijva .
2>6 karsMGatkarsMGatKWCakicRbtibticugeRkay enAkgkarRbmUlpl . sMGatRsUvmannyfaykecjnUv
kemckmI bsMramnana dUcCasNI dIxSac; RkYs cMebIg RKab;esA .l. kMu[enAlayLMCamYyRsUv .karsMGatRsUvbnab;BI)ane)akEbnrYcmansarsMxan; edaysarvaykecjnUvsarFatunanaEdleyIgmincg;)an b mincg;[enAlayLMCamYyRsUv eBalKWeFIV[ 1 ekInlTPaBkgkarTukdak;edaysuvtiPaB BIeRBaHsarFatuTaMgenaHGackayCaCRmkrbs;ktacRg b eFIV[RsUvesImeLIgvij 2 fycuHsarFatu
layLMkgeBlkin EdleFIV[TTYl)anGRtakin nigKuNPaBGgrx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
24/112
12
vFsGatRsv-kareray sarFatuRsaldUcCasNI kemccMebIg nigRKab;esACaedIm GacnwgRtUv)aneray
bMebIugecjBIRsUv edaysarkmaMgxl;bk; bedayeRbIR)as;kgarCaCMnYy rUbTI 2>16 .
rbTI 2>16 karerayRsvedayeRbIR)askmagxl ngbrkarCny-karErg sarFatuEdlmanTMhMtUcCagRKab;RsUv dUcCaRKab;esA FUlIdI nigRkYslit Gacnwg
RtUvEjkecjBIRsUv edaykERBagErgmanrntUcCag 1>5 mIlIEm:Rt ehIypMbMebIugedaykmaMgxl;ecjBIkgar . kERBagenaHGacErgedaymnusS b edaycab;Pab;elIm:asIunEdleFIV[vajak; bTTak;cuHeLIg rUbTI 2>17 .
rbTI 2>17 karsGatRsvedaykERBag ngm:asnsGatRbsinebIRtUvRbmUlplRsUvTukeFIVCaBUC caM)ac;RtUvRbugRbytedaysMGatva[RtwmRtUvCagRsUv
Fmta rUbTI 2>18 . RKab;BUCEdlmansMramlayLM manTRmg;minRbRktI ERbBN )ak;Ebk bmanduHpSit KWCaRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBTab . vanwgminsUvduH b eFIV[edImRsUvlUtlas;exSay . dUecH munnwgykvaeTATukdak; KYrsMGatva[sat . PaBlmitGMBIKuNPaBBUC manerobrab;kgEpk 6>4 .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
25/112
13
rbTI 2>18 RsvBCKYrRtUv)anTTYlkarsGatRtwmRtUvedaysarRKab;BUC KYrmanTMhM Tmn; nigrUbragRbhak;RbEhlKa manbrikarEjkmYycMnYnRtUv)an
eKeRbIR)as; . brikarTaMgenaHrYmman tuEjktamTmn; kERBagvil sIuLaMgmanfk; b kNk;tUc nig
Rbdab;EjkRbEvgRKab; .
2>7 kar)at;bg;kgeBlRbmUlplkar)at;bg;kgeBlRbmUlplKWCakar)at;bg;brimaN brUbsaRs GaRsyeTAtamrebobRbtibti
nigm:asIunEdleRbIR)as; . maneBlxH vamanrhUtdl;x7>1 kar)atbgkgeBlRctkatkar)at;bg;edayRCuHRKab; karRCuHRKab;RsUvBIkYr eRcInbNalBIstVsab xl; kNr nigkarelIkdak; dwkCBan .
kar)at;bg;edayRsUvdYl edImRsUvdYlPaKeRcInedaysarvax19 . kar)at;bg;enHnwgkan;EtFn;Fr
kalNaRsUvdYlkgERsmanTwk .
rbTI 2>19 edImRsvdYl
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
26/112
14
kar)at;bg;edayRcUtminGs; KWedaysarkarminbuinRbsb; b PaBxIxarbs;GkRcUt b GkbBaam:asIun .
edIm,Ivas;kMNt;kar)at;bg;TaMgenH eyIgGace)aH bdak;Edksrsmanrag 4 RCug TMhM 1 Em:Rtkaer [)aneRcInkEng tameKalkarN_cdnenAkgERs bnab;BIRcUtkat;ehIyPam . BiniterIsRKab;RsUvEdlRCuHenAkgkaerenaH ehIyfwgvaedayRbugRbyt . kar)at;bg;GacKNnaCaKILRkamhiktaRbsinebIeyIgdwgTMhMERssrub bCa nTinpl RbsinebIeyIgdwgTinplsrub .
2>7>2 kar)atbg kgeBle)akEbn ngsGatkar)at;bg;enHEtgekItmanedayEjk b CCuHBIcMebIgminGs; edayRCuHkMBb;xat;xay nigeday
e)akminRCH bmindac; Gs;BIkYrrUbTI 2>20 .
rbTI 2>20 kar)at;bgRsv kgeBle)akEbn ngsGateyIgGacvaytmkar)at;bg;EdlbgeLIgedaym:asIune)ak edayRkalkRmal bkenlBIeRkam
va nigenAkEngcMebIgFak; . bnab;BIe)akehIy cUrGUs b elIkm:asuIn nigcMebIgecjedayRbugRbytehIyRbmUlykRKab;RsUvenAelIkRmal bkenlenaH . kar)at;bg;edayRCuHkMBb; GacKitCaKILRkamhikta b nRsUvEdle)ak)ansrub .
eyIgkGacdwgGMBIkar)at;bg;kgeBlsMGatedaym:asIun edayRtg b ekabykkemckmIcMebIgnigRKab;RsUvTaMgGs;BIRckbeBaj edayeRbIR)as;s, b sMNaj; edIm,IecosvagmineFIV[sHxl; .CRmHykRKab;RsUvl ehIyhalsmtva[manGRtasMeNIm 14 . kar)at;bg;enaHGacKitCaKILRkamhikta b nRsUvEdle)ak)an .
2>7>3 kar)atbgkgeBldkCBanRsUvGacRCuH enAeBlelIkdak; lIEsg KrCaKMnr bRck)av .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
27/112
15
2>8 sMNYrGMBIIkarRbmUlplsUmKUs kgRbGb; EdlGkyl;faRtwmRtUv .
sNrT 1 etIeKGacdwgfaRsUvdl;eBlRtUvRcUt tamviFINa ?enAeBlEdlRKab;RsUvenAKl;kYrdl;dMNak;kaldak;emSArwg .enAeBlEdlRKab;RsUvmanGRtasMeNIm 14.enAeBlEdlmanRCuHRKab;RsUveRcInenAkgERs .enA 45 f bnab;BIkMNkMeNItkYr .
sNrT 2 etIlMdab;nkicRbtibtiNaEdlRtwmRtUv ?
RcUtkat; e)akEbn halsmt sMGat Tukdak; .RcUtkat; halsmt e)akEbn sMGat Tukdak; .RcUtkat; Tukdak; e)akEbn halsmt Tukdak; .RcUtkat; e)akEbn sMGat halsmt Tukdak; .
sNrT 3 etIkMubbMeBjmuxgarGIVxH ?Cam:asIune)akRsUvy:agrhs .vapSMeLIgedaykarRcUtkat; e)akEbn sMGat nigTukdak;RsUvkgFug kgeBlRBmKa .vaeFIV[RKab;RsUvst .vabMeBjmuxkardUcmnusS b:uEnrhsCag .
sNrT 4 edIm,IRcUtkat; etIeyIgKYrbgrTwkecjBIERsenAeBlNa ?PamenAmuneBlRcUt .7 - 10 f muneBlRcUt .20 - 25 f muneBlRcUt .30 - 35 f muneBlRcUt .
sNrT 5 etIKYrTukkNab;RsUvenAkgERsyUrb:uNa ?rhUtTal;Etvast .rhUtTal;EtvamanGRtasMeNImsmRsb .[yUr eTAtamkarcg;)an .[kan;EtxI tamEdlGaceFIV)an .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
28/112
16
sNrT 6 ehtuGIV)anCakarRcUtkat;enAkgeBlsmRsb mansarsMxan;; ?BIeRBaHvanwgR)ab;eyIgGMBIviFITukdak;RsUv .edIm,I[m:asIune)akGacsMGatRsUv)anRsYl .edIm,IecosvagkMu[RsUvduH .edIm,Ikat;bnykar)at;bg;bNalBIkarxUcxat nigkarRCuHxat;xayRKab; .
sNrT 7 etIkrNImYyNaEdlminEmnCaviFIe)akEbn ?kare)akedayvaypb; .m:asIune)akRsUvCan;nwgeCIg .m:asIune)ak .kareraysMGat .karEbnnwgeCIg .
sNrT 8 etIkarsMGatCaGIV ?karsMGatm:asIune)ak bnab;BIeRbIR)as;rYc .karykecjnUvFUlI kemccMebIg nigRsUves
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
29/112
17
3 - karhalsmtRsUv
3>1 sarsMxan;;nkarhalsmt
enAeBlRbmUlpl RsUveRcInmanGRtasMeNImx1 bBaakgeBlkin bNalBGRtaseNmm insmRsbGRtaseNm bBaaGacektmanx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
30/112
18
sMeNImx2 viFIsmt3>2>1 karhalRsvedaykemAf
karhalRsUvedaykemAf rUbTI 3>3 CaviFIbUraNEdlmankarniymcUlcitGnuvtbMputenATIVbGasIu . RBHGaTiteFIV[RsUvEdlcak;BRgay nigxl;briyakaseLIgkemA ehIyeFIV[bMPay rMhYtsMeNImecjBIRKab;RsUv . vaeFIV[cMNayGs;R)ak;tic nigminb:HBal;brisan b:uEn
-minGacGnuvt)ankalNamanePg b enAeBlyb; .-
GaceFIV[RsUvminGacstqab; bNal[vadkdegImxaMg nigeLIgkemA .-tRmUv[cMNaykmaMgBlkmeRcIn ehIyminGaceFIV)ankgRTg;RTayFM .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
31/112
19
- eFIV[Bi)akRKb;RKgsItuNPaB EdleFIV[RsUveLIgkemAxaMg .-GaceFIV[RsUvstminesIsBV eFIV[RsUvstRcbl;layCamYyRsUvesIm bNal[vaeRbHRsaM
ehIyGgr)ak;exceRcIn .
rbTI 3 >3 karhalRsvedaykemAfkarhalRsUvenAelIkenl sMBt;ekAsU nigs,nILg CaviFIEdlmanGnamyx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
32/112
20
3>2>2 karsmtRsvedaymasnm:asIunsmtbnSat; b pat;yksMeNImecjBIRsUv edayeFIV[manxl;ekAbk;qgkat;va beFIV[va
qgkat;xl;ekA eBalKWGacGnuvt)anminfayb; bf benAeBlemXggwt b manePgFak;eLIy .
m:asIunsmtRbePTRsUvKanclna m:asIunsmtRbePTRbGb;epk (Flatbed dryer) eFIV[xl;ekAqgkat;RsTab;RsUvEdlKanclna rhUtTal;EtkarsmtRtUv)anbBab; . m:asIunRbePTenHmanPaBsmRsbsRmab;shKmn_ksikr Gkpl;esvakmsmt nigmas;m:asIunkinRsUvtUc . vamanTMhM cMNuH xusKaeRbIRbPBkemAeRcInRbePT rUbTI 3>4 .
rbTI 3 >4 m:asnsmtRbePTRbGb;epkm:asIunRbePTenHmanKuNsm,timYycMnYn dUcCamantmefak TRmg;samBa EdleFIV[Gacplit
)ankgPUmiRsuk niggayEfrkSa nigCYsCul RBmTaMgGacdMeNIrkar)anedaym:asIunclkrsaMg bm:asUtsRmab;kEngEdlKanGKisnI bGKisnIf .
vakmanKuNvibtiedayGaceFIV[RsUvtamRsTab;minstesIKa ehIymaneBlxH RsUvenARsTab;
elIGaceLIgesImCagmun edaysarvaTTYlsMeNImBIRsUvenARsTab;xageRkam . vaEtgtRmUv[cMNayBlkmeRcIn CaBiessenAeBldak;RsUvcUl Rcbl;RsUv nigekIbRsUvecj .
cMNaM enAeBlEdlRsUvkgFugsmtRkas;Cag 30 sgIEm:Rt 3 twk KYrRcbl;RsUvenaHy:agticmgedIm,IeFIV[vastsBV ehIykgeBlsmt RtUv]sSah_BinitemIlsItuNPaB nigGRtasMeNImRsUv edIm,IkMu[vaeLIgkemA bstRCul .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
33/112
21
m:asIunsmtRbePTRsUvmanclnaeLIgcuH m:asIunRbePTenH rUbTI 3>5 smRsbsRmab;m:asIunkinRsUv Gkpl;esvakmsmt nigshKmn_ksikrEdlRKb;RKgRsUvRTg;RTayFM . CaTUeTA vaeRcIneFIV[RsUvGgrmanKuNPaBl .
rbTI 3 >5 m:asnsmtRbePTRsvmanclnaeL IgcHtaragT 3>2 RbePTsxannmasnsmtRbePTmasn mlehtRtveRbvam:asIunRbePTRbGb;epk mineFIV[RsUvmanclna rhUtTal;EtbBab;karsmt .
-edIm,ITTYl)anRsUvmanKuNPaBx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
34/112
22
karRbgRbytedm,IsvtPaB -munnwgeRbIR)as;m:asIunsmt cUrGan ehIyGnuvttamkarENnaMrbs;Gkplit edIm,Iecosvag
eRKaHfak; .
-cUrRbugRbyt[)anx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
35/112
23
sNrT 2 etInwgmanGIVekIteLIgcMeBaHRsUvGgr ebIeyIgmin)ansmtvaRKb;RKan; nigRtwmRtUv ?RKab;GgrnwgeLIgBNelOg .ekIneLIgnUvkarbMpajrbs;kNr .ekIneLIgnUvGRtaGgrEdlkin)an .RsUvmansPaBdUcCaeKlIg .
sNrT 3 etIRsUvRtUvmanGRtasMeNImkRmitNa RbsinebIeyIgRtUvkarTukdak;va[yUr Cag 12 Ex ?16 .9 .12 .14 .
sNrT 4 etIviFIhaledaykemAfmYyNa GaceFIV[TTYl)anRsUvGgrmanKuNPaBx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
36/112
24
4 - karTukdak;
karTukdak;maneKalbMNgCasMxan;edIm,IkarBarRsUvEdl)ansmtehIy BIkaryayIbMpajrbs;
ktacRgnana dUcCakNr stVsab stVlit nigkarduHpSit RBmTaMgTb;min[RsUvGacRsUbsMeNImcUlvij)an . b:uEn eTaHbICakarTukdak;mansPaBsmRsby:agNakeday kkar)at;bg;nwgmankRmitx1 KYrGnvt[RtwmRtUv cab;Bhalsmt rhtdlTukdak;4>1 brikarTukdak;
brikarTukdak;maneRcInRbePT GaRsynwg -brimaNRsUvEdlRtUvTukdak; .- eKalbMNgnkarTukdak; .-TItaMg bTIkEngEdlRtUvTukdak; .CaTUeTA eKEtgCUneyabl;[Tukdak;RsUv CaCagTukdak;Ggr . karTukdak;RsUvmansuvtiPaBCag
BIeRBaHsm,kGgampl;nUvkarkarBarmYycMnYnTb;Tl;nwgstVlit nigkarxUcxatKuNPaB .
karTukdak;GgrsMrUbnwgeFIV[RtUvkarkEngTukdak; 20 ticCagRsUv b:uEnGgrRbePTenHeRcInqab;pr BIeRBaHCatieRbgEdlenARsTab;eRkA gaynwgeFIVGuksIudkmCamYyxl;briyakas .
CaTUeTA RbBnTukdak;Edll KW
-
BMueFIV[RsUvEdlstehIy RsUbsMeNImvij .-karBarmin[RsUvrgkarbMpajrbs;stVlit kNr nigstVsab .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
37/112
25
-gayRsYldak;RsUvcUl nigykecj .-cMNayGs;TIkEngtic b:uEnTukdak;)aneRcIn .-gayRsYlEfrkSa nigRKb;RKg .
karpasbrseNmrbsRsvGgrRsUvGgrpas;brsMeNImCamYyxl;EdlenACMuvijva KWfaenATIbMput RsUvGgrEdlTukdak;tamviFI
Fmta minenAkgbrikarbiTCit nwgeLIgcuHsMeNIm eTAtamsMeNImrbs;xl;EdlenACMuvijva .
enARbeTskgtMbn;RtUBikCaeRcIn xl;briyakasmanGRtasMeNImeFob nigsItuNPaBx RsUvRtUv)anhalsmt[manGRtasMeNImminx RsUvRtUv)ankarBarmin[rgkarbMpajrbs;ktacRgnana dUcCakNr stVsab nigstVlit .
3> RsUvRtUv)ankarBarmin[RsUbsMeNImBIkgxl;briyakas bBITwkePg .
ryeBlTkdakmansvtPaBryeBlTukdak;mansuvtiPaBeRcInEtGaRsynwgGRtasMeNImrbs;RsUv . RsUvFmta nigRsUvBUC
EdlmanGRtasMeNImx1 bgajGRtasMeNImsmRsb edIm,I
Tukdak;RsUvFmta nigRsUvBUC[mansuvtiPaB .
taragTI 4>1 ryeBlTukdak; ngGRtaseNmmansvtPaBryeBlTkdak GRtaseNmmansvtPaB bBaaEdlGacngektman2 eTA 3 s)ah_ 14 - 18 karekItpSit ERbBN nig )at;bg;edaydkdegIm8 eTA 12 Ex 13 b TabCag karbMpajedaystVlit
yUrCag 1 qaM 9 bTabCag kar)at;bg;smtPaBdMNuH
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
38/112
26
taragTI 4>2 bgajryeBlTukdak;RsUv KitCacMnYnf edaymansuvtiPaB . eyIgGacBiniteXIjfaryeBlenHERbRbYl yUr bqab; eTAtamGRtasMeNImrbs;plitpl kgkUeLanTI 1 nigeTAtamsItuNPaBbriyakaskgkEngTukdak; kgCYrTI 1 . ]TahrN_RKab;RsUvmanGRtasMeNIm
14 GacTukdak;eRkamsItuNPaB 20 GgSaes edaymansuvtiPaB cMnYn 100 f ehIyRsUvmanGRtasMeNIm 18 GacTukdak;eRkamsItuNPaB 30 GgSaes edaysuvtiPaB cMnYn 2 f .
taragTI 4>2 ryeBlTukdak; ERbRbYltamGRtaseNm ngstuNPaBGRtaseNm stNPaB GgSaes5 10 15 20 25 30
13 180 115 9014 160 100 50 3015 100 50 30 1516 130 50 30 20 817 65 35 22 12 518 130 40 25 17 8 2
19 70 30 17 12 5 020 45 22 15 821 30 17 11 722 23 3 8 623 17 10 7 524 13 8 4 4
25 10 8 6 34>3 RbBnTukdak;
munnwgTukdak; eyIgRtUvEtdwgGMBI -brimaNRsUvEdlRtUvTukdak; .-mUlehtuEdlRtUvTukdak; .-TItaMg kEng b RbePTnbrikarTukdak; .tamFmta eyIgEtgTukdak;RsUvkg)av b edaycak;Far .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
39/112
27
4>3>1 karTkdakkg)avRsUveRcInRtUv)anTukdak;kg)avcMNuHBI 40 eTA 100 KILRkamEdl)avTaMgenaHeFIVGMBIRkecA b
GMe)aHnILg rUbTI 4>2 . )avRsUveRcInRtUv)anKrteRmobCaKMnrFM btUc GaRsyeTAnwgbrimaNRsUv .
manksikrxHRckRsUvkg)av ehIyykeTATukdak;kgCRguk EdleFIVGMBIeQI bsSI dI\d bsIum:gt_ .
rbTI 4>2 karTukdak;minRtwmRt Uv ngRtwmRtUv4>3>2 karTkdakkgCRgk
RsUvCaeRcInRtUv)anksikrTukdak;edaycak;Far enAkgCRgukeFIVGMBIeQI sgsI bsIum:gt_. maneBlxH ksikreRbIR)as;edak b FugepSg edaydak;enAeRkam b kgpH . CRgukTaMgenHmancMNuHBI200 - 1000 KILRkam ehIyeRcInbg[RsUvrgkar)at;bg;eRcIn edaykarbMpajrbs;stVlit kNr nigstVsab RBmTaMgkarRsUbsMeNImBIbriyakas rUbTI 4>3 . ykl KYrBicarNaGMBIkarsagsg;CRgukb XaMgTukdak;RsUvEdlGacTb;sat;)annUvkarbMpajrbs;ktacRgnana rUbTI 4>4 nigrUbTI 4>5 .
rbTI 4>3 CRgkminRtwmRtUv
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
40/112
28
rbTI 4>4 CRgkKMr
rbTI 4>5 XagTukdak;RsvRtwmRtUv4>3>3 karTkdakkgFgF
enAkgRbeTseCOnelOn eragm:asIunkinRsUv nigXaMgFMmaneRbIFugFMeFIVGMBIEdk b sIum:gt_rUbTI 4>6 . FugTaMgenaHmancMNuHBI 20 eTA 2000 etan . eKGacbiTPitva)any:aggay edIm,I)aj;faMsmab;stVlit ehIyvamingaynwgeFIV[mankarRCuHkMBb;RsUv . b:uEn FugTaMgenHminsUv)aneKniymeRbIR)as;enATIVbGasIueT .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
41/112
29
rbTI 4>6 FugFMsRmab;Tukdak;RKab;FBaCaticNHnkarTkdak
RsUvBUCxusKa nigFatupMepSgrbs;va EtgmanTmn; nigmaDxusKa taragTI 4>3 . Cak;Esg RsUvmanPaBsMBIgsMeBag EdltRmUv[RtUvkarkEngTukdak;FM b eRcInCagGgr . edIm,IKitKUrGMBIkarRKb;RKg nigrkSasuvtiPaBnbrikarTukdak; eyIgRtUvEtyl;dwgGMBITmn; nigmaDRsUvGgr .
taragTI 4>3 Tmn ngmaDRsv RBmTagsmasFatuepSgrbsvabryay dgsetKILRkamm3 cnn)av)avetan Tmn KILRkam)avRsUv 600 13 - 25 40 - 80Ggr 850 20 - 25 40 - 50knk; 550 20 50Ggam 120 50 - 100 10 - 20
smal; sRmab;pdITMhM 1 Em:Rtkaer: GacTukRsUv)anBI 12 - 13 )av kalNa)avmanprab 1 x0>5 Em:Rt nigEdlmancMNuHRbmaN 50 KILRkam .
rebobKNnacNH b smtPaBnbrkarTkdakepSg KtCaKLRkamk> sRmabCRgk b FgRCg beNayx TTwg x km
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
42/112
30
x> sRmabFgragsLag man)atrabes 227 x Ggt;pit2 4x km sRmabFgragsLag ngman)atragsaC 227 x Ggt;pit2 4x km73 emKuNRsUv = cMNuHTukdak;
smal; enAkgkarTukdak;edaycak;Far mMuKMnrRsUvKWRbmaN 36 dWeRk .
km
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
43/112
31
4>4 karTukdak;biTCitkarTukdak;biTCitKWTukdak;RsUv b RKab;FBaCatiepSgenAkgbrikar bFugbiTCit dUcCaFugsaMg
bfg;)asikCaedIm edIm,ITb;min[xl; nigsMeNImbriyakasGacb:HBal;RsUv)an . vaGacCYyeFIV[ekIn
eLIgnUvPaBmanCIvitrbs;RKab;BUC 6 - 12 Ex nigGRtaGgredIm 10 . RbBnenHmanRbsiTPaB BIeRBaHstVlit nigRsUvdkdegIm EdleFIV[brimaNGuksIuEhSnEdlenACamYyRsUv fycuHmkenARtwm 5 -10 . kgkRmitenaH skmPaBnanarbs;stVlitRtUv)anbBab; . karxUcxatEdlbNalBIstVsabnigkNrkRtUv)ankat;bnyEdr .
edIm,ITukdak;biTCit eyIgGaceRbIR)as; -Fug bbrikarCrPVC EdlRtUv)aneKplitCaBiess dUcCa {kUKUn} CaedIm .-fg;suEBrmancMNuH 50 KILRkam .-Fug bbrikareFIVGMBIEdk Cr)asik b dI\d EdlGacrk)ankgPUmiRsuk rUbTI 4>7 .
rbTI 4>7 brkarbiTCtRbePTepSg4>4>1 mlehtRtvTkdakbTCt
edIm,IbegInKuNPaBRsUvFmta nigsmtPaBdMNuHrbs;RsUvBUC . CamYynwgkarTukdak;biTCit
eyIgGac - rkSaGRtasMeNImedImrbs;RsUv nigRKab;FBaCati[enAefr .-kat;bnykarbMpajrbs;ktacRgnana dUcCastVlitCaedIm edaymincaM)ac;eRbIR)as;faMBul .RtUvcgcaMfa
- RtUvsMGat nighalsmtRsUv[sat nigstRtwmRtUv RsUvBUC 12 nigRsUvFmta 14 .-karebIk nigbiTbrikar b fg;Tukdak;biTCitnwgeFIV[stVlitmYycMnYn dUcCaxtCaedIm GaccUl
kgRsUvsaCafI . stVlitenHGacecaHTmHes,ag bfg;)asikBIkgmkeRkA)an .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
44/112
32
-kgbrikarEdldak;RsUvmineBj GaceFIV[mansl;xl;RKb;RKan; sRmab;stVlitGacrs;)an .-kNrGackat;bMpajbrikarTukdak;FMeFIVGMBICr)asik)an RbsinebIeyIgminRbugRbyt . cUr
Tajsnwgva[twg ehIyrkSa[manRbeLaHenACMuvijva .
4>4>2 karcNaykgkarTkdakbTCt-fg;cMNuH 50 KILRkam EdlGaceRbIeRcIndg)an dUcCafg;suEBrIRRI f 0>5 - 1 dular .-FugsaMg bFugeRbgeFIVBIEdk b)asik cMNuH 200 lIRt GacmantmBI 2- 5 dular .-brikarTukdak;FM dUcCaFug Silos mantmBI 50 - 100 dular sRmab;RsUv 1 etan . brikar
EbbenHGaceRbIR)as;)any:agticbMputk 10 qaMEdr .
4>5 ktacRgkgeBlTukdak ; - st VlitstVlit kNr stVsab nigFatubgCMgW KWCaktacRgenAkgkarTukdak;RsUv . vaeFIV[mankar)at;
bg; tamrykarsIubMpaj kareFIV[rlYyxUc nigkareFIV[RbLak; . tamFmta manstVliteRcInRbePTrs;enAkgRsUvGgr . PaKeRcInnstVTaMgenHEtgbg[manbBaaFM .
rbTI 4>8 stVltsbMpajRsvGgr4>5>1 brsanrsenArbsstlt
stVlitRbePTnImYy RtUvkarsItuNPaB nigsMeNImkMNt;mYy edIm,Irs; nigsIubMpajRsUvGgr .rUbTI 4>9 bgajGMBIlkxNsItuNPaBsRmab;karrs;enA nigbgkMeNItrbs;stVlit .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
45/112
33
rbTI 4>9 lkxNstuNPaBsmRsb ngminsmRsbsRmab;stVltmYycnn4>5>2 stltT 1 ng T 2
stVlitEdlsIubMpajRsUvkgeBlTukdak; GacEckCastVlitTI 1 nig TI 2 . stVlitTI 1bgbBaaeRcInCagstVlitTI 2 eRBaHfastVlitTI 1 sIubMpajBIEpkxagkgnRKab;RsUv cMENkstVlitTI2 sIubMpajBIEpkxageRkAnRKab;RsUv .
k> stltT 1eBlenACakUndgv vasIuEpkxagkgnRKab;RsUvTaMgmUl .
k>1 stkEBa b keBag (Sitophilos oryzae, Linnaeus)stVlitenH rUbTI 4>10 eTaHCaeBjvy benACakUndgv EtgsuIbMpajRsUv . stVjIbegItBg
mg)ancMnYn 150 . BgnImYyeRcInjas;kgRKab;RsUvmYy bnab;BIemva)anecaH[RbehagrYc . kUndgv
Edljas;ehIy enAbnrs;kgRKab;RsUvenaHrhUtdl;FMeBjvy . tamrebobenH stVlitmYyGacbMpajRsUvGs;mYyRKab;TaMgRsug .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
46/112
34
rbTI 4>10 stVkEBa b k MeBagstVlitenHmanvdCIvitRbmaN 35 f ehIylkxNrs;enAsmRsbsRmab;va KWsItuNPaB
RbmaN 28 GgSaes nigGRtasMeNImeFobRbmaN 70 .
k>2 Angoumois Grain Moth (Sitatroga cerealella (Olivier))stVlitenHEtgBgenAelI b Ek,rRKab;RsUv . eBlkayCakUndgv vaecaHTmHRKab;RsUvehIysIu
bMpajBIxagkg . dgveBjvysIurhUtdl;EpkxageRkAnRKab; edayTukEtsm,k[enAsat . vaeRcInEtsIubMpajRsUvenARsTab;xageRkAnKMnr eRBaHvaminGaceRCotcUleTAkg)an .
rbTI 4>11 Angoumois Grain Mothk>3 Lesser Grain Borer (Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricus)
stVlitenHEtgBgenAkgKMnrRsUv . eBljas;rYc kUndgvGaccUlehIyFMFat;enAxagkgRKab;RsUv b sIubMpajBIxageRkA . vasIukemckmIlitEdlbnSl; bbgedaykarsIubMpajrbs;stVliteBj
vy b kUndgvepSgeTot .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
47/112
35
rbTI 4>12 Lesser Grain BorerstVlitenHBgmg)an 300 - 500 nigmanvdCIvit 20 - 84 f ehIylkxNrs;enAsmRsb
sRmab;va KWsItuNPaBRbmaN 34 GgSaes nigGRtasMeNImeFob 60 - 70 .x> stltT 2x>1 Saw-toothed Grain Beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Linnaeus)tamFmta stVlitenHdak;BgmYy bCaRkumtUcenAkgsameRbHnRKab;RsUv . sRmab;plit
plm:d dUcCaemSACaedIm vaBRgayBgsBVkEng .
rbTI 4>13 Saw-toothed Grain BeetlestVlitenHBgmg)anRbmaN 150 nigmanvdCIvitRbmaN 20 f ehIylkxNrs;enAsm
RsbsRmab;va KWsItuNPaB 30 - 35 GgSaes nigGRtasMeNImeFob 70 - 90 .
x>2 Rust-red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)stVlitenH rUbTI 4>14 eRcInbMpajGgr . eTaHCaeBjvybCakUndgv vasIuEtkemckmIlit ehIyminbMpajRKab;RsUvGgrEdlenAleT . eRkABIsIubMpaj vaEtgeFIV[RsUvGgrmankinminl .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
48/112
36
rbTI 4>14 Rust-red flour beetlestVlitenHBgmg)anRbmaN 500 nigmanvdCIvitRbmaN 20 f ehIylkxNrs;enAsm
RsbsRmab;va KWsItuNPaBRbmaN 35 GgSaes nigGRtasMeNImeFobRbmaN 75 .
4>6 ktacRgkgkarTukdak; - stVkekr kNrFM nigtUckNrtUc nigFMKWCastVkekr . stVkekr 3 sMxan; EdlEtgCYbRbTHkgkarTukdak;RsUvman
-kNrFMexA bkNrFMtampH (Rattus rattus) .-kNrnrev:s bkNrFmta (Rattus norvegicus).-kNrtUctampH (Mus musculus).
rbTI 4>15 stVkNr4>6>1 karbgbBaarbsstkekrk> stkekrsbpajRsvGgrkBgTkdak kNrFMmYyGacsIuRsUv b GgrGs;RbmaN 25 RkamkgmYyf ehIykNrtUcmYyGacsIuGs;RbmaN 3 eTA 4 RkamkgmYyf .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
49/112
37
x> stkekreF[RsvGgrkBgTkdak kxk vaeFIV[RsUvGgrkxVk;edayTwkenam lamk nigeramehIyvaKWCaPak;garcmgCMgW . RsUvGgrEdlkxVk;edaysarstVenH EtgRtUv)aneKvaytmfaGaceFIV[b:HBal;dl;suxPaBmnusS .
K> stkekreF[xcxatsmar ngbrkarTkdak stVkekreFIV[xUcxatKRmb fg; b )av karkMNl;nigsMNg;CRgukbXaMg dUcCaExS ExSePIg TVar .l. Caplvi)ak
-sm,kfg; b )avEdlFHedaykNrkat; nwgeFIV[RCuHkMBb;RsUvGgr .- eCIgkMNl;Edl)ankekrbMpajedaykNr Gacnwg)ak; ehIyeFIV[dYlrlMKMnr)avRsUvGgr .-karkekrbMpajsm,kExSePIg GacbNal[TuesS ehIybg[manGKIPy .-Fug bXaMgdak;RsUvFMGacRsut brhUtdl;dYlrlM kalNaenABIeRkamvamanrnkNreRcIn .- RbBnlUEdlenACMuvijkEngTukdak; GacnwgxUcxat .
4>6>2 tRmvkarrbsstkekrtamFmta stVkekrRtUvkar
- es,gGaharRKb;RKan; .-kEngmansuvtiPaB edIm,IvaGaceFIVrn nigsm,krs;enA)an .-kEnglak;xneRcIn .- RckecjcUlkEngTukdak;es,gGahar y:agRsYl .
4>6>3 vFankarTbsateyIgGacGnuvtviFankarTb;sat;mYycMnYn dUcCa
- enAeBlsagsg;CRguk b kEngTukdak;fImYy RtUvEtKitGMBIviFITb;sat;stVkekr edayRbytenARtg;TVar rn b Rckxl; sabRBil b\dxl; nigcenaHrvagCBaaMg nigdMbUl .-CYsCulkEng)ak;Ebk bFHFayCabnan; edayykcitTukdak;Rtg;TVar .
- rkSaCRguk b kEngTukdak;[)ansatRtwmRtUv eday rkSava[sat b manGnamyCanic edayekIbsMGatRsUvEdlkMBb; nigsMramepSgCabnan;eRBaHvaGacCakEnglak;xn b Casm,krbs;stVkekr . cUrdut b kb;sMramecal .
sMGatkMu[manesAduHRTubRTulenATIEk,rxagCRguk bXaMg eRBaHvaGacCakEnglak;xn .
stVkekrmincUlcitqgkat;val bRbeLaHsateT .kMu[manTwkdk;enAkg bCMuvijCRguk bXaMg eRBaHstVkekrGacnwgmanTwksRmab;pwk .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
50/112
38
KrteRmob)avRsUv b )avGgr[RtwmRtUvenAelIkMNl; ehIyTuk[manRbeLaHBIKMnrmYyeTAmYy RbmaNCa 1 Em:Rt.
Tukdak;)avcas; b )avTeT nigtg;ekAsU b kenlelIkMNl; edayELkBIRsUvGgr.
4>7 ktacRgkgkarTukdak; - CMgW b karduHpSitkarduHpSitkgeBlTukdak;eFIV[xUcxatRsUvGgr . tamFmta bBaaenHGacmantictYc enAeBl
EdlRsUvminTan;)anRcUtkat;enAeLIy . pSitEdlekIteBlTukdak;jwkjab;CageKeQaHfa Aspergillusnig Penicillium . RsUvGgrGacnwgekItpSitedaysar
- vaCab;emeraKpSittaMgEtBImuneBlTukdak; .-maneBlxHeTot emeraKpSitmanenAelIRbdab;Rbda bbrikareRbIR)as;kgkarTukdak; .-briyakasenAkEngTukdak;mansItuNPaB nigGRtasMeNImeFobx7>1 bBaabgedaypSitk> rlyxcRsvGgrRsUvGgrnwgrlYyxUcedaypSit ehIyCaplvi)ak KW
-BUCnwgmandMNuHexSay .-
mankar)at;bg; edayRskTmn; .-tmsarFatuciBawmnwgfycuH.-KuNPaBGgrnwgfycuH CaBiesskinRkGUbnwgERbRbYlb )at; .-BNsm,rnwgERbRbYl.
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
51/112
39
rbTI 4>16 RsvERbBNx> karektman Mycotoxins Bl
karxatbg;edaykarxUcxatepSgGacmanTMhMFM b:uEnminsUveRKaHfak;dUcMycotoxins eLIy .MicotoxinsCasarFatuKImImanCatiBul EdlbgeLIgedaypSitmYyRbePT .
4>7>2 meFa)ayTbsatkarektmanCgpSiteyIgGacTb;sat; b bnykarekItmanCMgWpSitedayhalsmtRsUv[st Tukdak;enAkgbriya
kasmanGnamy ehIyebIGacKWTukdak;kgbrikarbiTCit .
4>8 kareRCIsyksMNakkareRCIsyksMNakRsUv KWCakareRCIsyknUvEpktUcmYynRsUv BIEpkmYyEdlFM . sMNak
GacRtUv)aneRCIsykBIkgERs BIKMnrbBIRsUvEdlRckkg)av .
KYrGnuvtkareRCIsyksMNak[)anRtwmRtUv edIm,ITTYl)ansMNak {manlkNtMNag} Edl)anesckIfalkNnanansMNak dUcCaGRtasMeNImbGRtadMNuHCaedIm manPaBdUcKanwglkNnRsUvkgKMnr EdlRtUv)aneRCIsyksMNakenaH .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
52/112
40
rbTI 4>17 RsvkgERs kg)av b kgKMnrGacmanlkNxusKaxag4>8>1 sarsxannkareRCsyksNakRtmRtv
tamFmta RsUvGacmansPaB b lkNxusKa edaysarvaeRcInRtUv)andaMkgERstUc edayeRbIBUCeRcInmux . eTaHenAkgERsEtmYy kRsUvEdlRcUtBIkEngepSgKaGacmanGRtasMeNImxusKaEdr.dUecH kareRCIsyksMNakRtwmRtUvmansarsMxan;;Nas; edIm,ITTYl)anRsUvmanlkNtMNag .
edIm,IeRCIsyksMNak[)anRtwmRtUv eyIgGacnwgRtUvkar - EdkqaM 1 edIm,IyksMNakBIkgCRguk .-Fug bkMb:ugmYycMnYn sRmab;dak;sMNakedIm,IviPaK .-ksarBiFIsa Edlerobrab;GMBIviFan bEbbbTGnuvt rUbTI 4>18 .
rbTI 4>18 Rbdab;RbdasxansRmab;yksNakRsv b RKab;FBaCatiepSg
BiFIsa
Fug bkMb:ug
EdkqaM
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
53/112
41
4>8>2 rebobeRCsyksNak[)anRtmRtvk> sNakBkgERskarTTYl)ansMNakmanlkNtMNagBIkgERs enAmuneBlRbmUlpl KWCakarlM)ak eday
sarRsUvenACayERseRcInmansPaBxusBIRsUvenAEpkxagkg . dUecH CakarlEdlRtUvcUleTAbUtyksMNakenAEpkxagkgERs Edl)anedAcMNucTukCamun . enAeBlbUt)anehIy RtUvRcbl;va[sBV ehIyvas;[)any:agtic 3 dg rYcKNnarktmmFm .
x> sNakBkgKnrenAeBleRCIsyksMNakRsUvBIkgKMnr cUreRbIR)as;EdkqaMcak;ykBIcMNucmYycMnYn . ykl
KYreRCIsyksMNakenAeBlEdlRsUvRtUv)anbgrcUl b ecj edayykkMb:ugeTARtgenAeBlkMBughUr kgcenaHeBleTogTat;mYy ehIycak;vacUlkgFug rYcRcbl;va[sBVmunnwgeRCIsyksMNak .
K> sNakBCRgkenAeBleRCIsyksMNakBIkgCRguk cUreFIVkgCeRmAxusKa edayecosvagcMNuckNal nig
EKmCRguk . ykl KYrecosvagkarRcbl;sMNakEdlRCIsyk)anBIcMNucTaMgenaH b:uEnRtUvBinit bviPaKvaedayELkBIKa . kardwg b karkMNt;)annUvlkNrbs;sMNakBIkEng bBIcMNucepSgKa
kgCRguk nwgCYy[eyIgGacdwgBIcMNuc b kEngmanbBaa ehIyGnuvtkarRKb;RKg)anlRbesIr .
X> sNakB)avRbsinebIRsUvEdlRtUvviPaK RtUv)anTukdak;kg)aveRcInCag 1 RtUveRCIsyksMNakBI)avmYy
cMnYn . viFIdlmYykgkarseRmceRCIserIscMnYn)avEdlRtUvyksMNakKWKNnatmbskaer ncMnYn)avsrubenaH . Ca]TahrN_
-
ebIcMnYn)avsrubman 9 RtUvyksMNaky:agticbMputBI)avcMnYn 3 KWfa9 3=
.- ebIcMnYn)avsrubman 100 RtUvyksMNaky:agticbMputBI)avcMnYn 10 KWfa 100 10= .4>8>3 karrkSaTk ngeRbR)assNak
karyWty:avkgkarviPaKsMNakGaceFIV[vaERbRbYlGRtasMeNIm niglkNKuNPaBepSg .edIm,IecosvagbBaaenH nigbBaaepSgeTot cUr
-Tukdak;sMNakkgkMb:ug Fug bfg;)asikEdlGacbiTCit[)anPambnab;BIeRCIsykrYc .-TuksMNakkgTUTwkkk b bnb;RtCak;ebImanlTPaB .-sresreQaHsMNakelIkMb:ug Fug bes,ag edaybkhVWtmingayrlub .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
54/112
42
-sikSa nigGnuvttameKalkarN_c,ab;sIGMBIBUC enAeBlEdlRtUvbBansMNakBUCRsUveTAviPaKenAeRkARbeTs .
4>9 GRtasMeNImRsUvGgrGRtasMeNImKWCaTmn;TwkEdlmanenAkgRsUv b Ggr edayKitCaPaKry . kgkarGnuvtTUeTA
nigenAelITIpSar eKniymeRbIGRtasMeNImeKalkarN_esIm . GRtasMeNImeKalkarN_esImrbs;RsUvKWCaPaKrynTmn;TwkenAkgRsUv eFobnwgTmn;RsUvenaHsrub . ]bkrN_vas;sMeNImEtgbgajlTplGRtasMeNImeKalkarN_esIm . GRtasMeNImeKalkarN_st EdlCaPaKrynTmn;TwkeFobeTAnwgTmn;nsarFatustEdlmanenAkgRsUv b GgreRcInRtUv)aneRbIR)as;enAkgkarsikSaRsavRCav . rUbmnxageRkambgajGMBIrebobKNnaGRtasMeNImTaMg 2 .
100x
RsUvsrubn;TmTwkn;TmsImeKalkarN_eGRtasMeNIm =
100xtsrubsarFatusn;TmTwkn;TmteKalkarN_sGRtasMeNIm =
karvas;kMNt;GRtasMeNImRtwmRtUv mansarsMxan;kgkarRKb;RKg niglk;dUrRsUvGgr . karvas;kMNt;EdlminRtwmRtUv eFIV[
- RtUvcMNaybEnmedIm,Ihalsmt .-xUcxatkgeBlTukdak; RbsinebIRsUvenAesIm .-cMNay\tRbeyaCn_edIm,IhalsmtRsUv[stRCul EdlmincaM)ac; ehIyeFIV[Gn;KuNPaB .-manGRtaGgredImTab RbsinebIRsUvRtUv)ankin edaymanGRtasMeNImminsmRsb .-
RsUvRskTmn;eRcIn EdlGac[xatbg;kgkarlk;dUr .RsUvEdlmanGRtasMeNIm 14 eRcIneFIV[Tukdak;mansuvtiPaB nigkin)anGgreRcIn nigl .
KYrkt;smal;fakalNaeyIgRtUvkarTukdak;RsUv[kan;EtyUr caM)ac;RtUvEteFIV[GRtasMeNImrbs;vakan;EtTab taragTI 4>1 .
4>9>1 karvasGRtaseNmCaTUeTA eKeRcInviPaK b vas;GRtasMeNImRsUvGgredayviFILsmt b viFIbzm nigedayeRbIR)as;Rbdab;vas; . enAkgkicRbtibtiFmta b enAkgkarlk;dUr kareRbIR)as;Rbdab;vas; manPaBrhs
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
55/112
43
niggayRsYlCag . viFILsmtbnSat;ecjnUvsMeNImTaMgGs;BIsMNak edaykemAvaenAkgL . vatRmUv[cMNayeBlyUr b:uEnpl;lTplKYr[TukcitCag . edIm,IGnuvtviFIenH KYrman
- LGKisnImYy rUbTI 4>19 . CaTUeTA eKGaceRbILesIrEtTaMgGs;)an [EtGacdak;[vamansItuNPaBefr 130 GgSaes )an .
- RsUvRKb;RKan; edIm,IeRCIsyksMNak 3 EdlsMNaknImYymanTmn; 100 Rkam .- CBaIgsRmab;fwgsMNakRsUvenaH .- fassRmab;dak;sMNak .- kMb:ug kUnFugCr bfg;RkdastUcsRmab;dak;sMNak .- bkbexAd nigm:asIunKitelx sRmab;kt; nigKNnaGRtasMeNIm RBmTaMgtmmFm .
rbTI 4>1 9 Lsmt eRbIR)askgmnrBesaFnkarviPaKGRtasMeNIm eFIVeLIgeday
1>dak; b EksRmYl[LenaHdMeNIrkarkgsItuNPaB 130 GgSaes .2>eRCIs nigfwgyksMNak 100 Rkam [)an 3 .3>dak;sMNakTaMg 3 enaHeTAkgL ehIyTukvaryeBl 16 - 24 em:ag .4>fwgTmn;sMNakEdlenasl; bnab;BIryeBlxagelI .5>KNnaGRtasMeNImrbs;sMNaknImYy tamrUbmn
Tmn ; edmI -Tmn ; cguGRtaseM NIm = 100
Tmn ; edIm
6>KNnaGRtasMeNImmFmedaybUkGRtasMeNImTaMg 3 bBalKa ehIyEcknwg 3 .
sRmab;karkMNt;edayeRbIRbdab;vas; KWRtUv
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
56/112
44
1>GannUvkarENnaM eRbIR)as; .2>cuc bmYlebIk .3>cuc bEksRmYlva[smRsbsRmab;RsUv .4>dak;sMNakRsUvcUleTAkgsabRBa ehIyskbBalkgva .5>mYl b cuc edIm,I[vabgajlTpl CaGRtasMeNIm .6>eFIVrebobenHy:agtic 3 dg ehIyKNnaGRtasMeNImmFmrbs;RsUvenaH .mkdl;sBVf; manRbdab;vas;GRtasMeNImeRcInRbePTRtUv)aneKplit rUbTI 4>20 ehIyman
mYycMnYnminGaceRbIR)as;)ansRmab;RsUvGgr . dUecHRtUvBinit[c,as;fa Rbdab;EdleyIgbRmugnwgeRbIenaH manPaBsmRsbCamYyRsUvGgr .
rbTI 4>20 Rbdab;vasGRtaseNmmYycnnbBaak; RtUveFIV[)anR)akdfaeyIgmYlRbdab;vas;[dl;kMNt; dUcEdlmanbBaak;kgksarENnaMeRBaHebIBMudUecaHeT eyIgGacTTYl)anlTplminRtwmRtUv ehIyKYr]sSah_Binit nigEksRmYlPaBeTogTat;rbs;Rbdab;vas;sMeNIm edayeRbobeFobGRtasMeNImrbs;sMNakRsUvmYy Edlvavas;eXIj nigbgajeLIgtamviFILsmt .
4>9>2 GRtaseNmsmtasmta = tlPaB b ElgERbRbl}
dUcEdl)anerobrab;rYcmkehIy RsUvGgrEtgpas;brsMeNImCamYyxl;briyakasEdlenACMuvijva . enAeBlTukdak; GRtasMeNImcugeRkaybMputrbs;RsUvGgrEdlTukdak;Fmta nwgERbRbYleTAtamsItuNPaB nigGRtasMeNImeFobnxl;briyakasEdlenACMuvijRsUvGgrenaH . RsUvGgrnwgbnRsUbb beBajsMeNIm rhUtTal;EtvamantulPaBCamYynwgbriyakasCMuvijva ehIyGRtasMeNImcugeRkaybMput EdlElgERbRbYlenaHeQaHfa : GRtasMeNImsmta : . RbsinebIRsUvminRtUv)ankarBar
Tl;nwgsMeNImkgxl; CaBiesssRmab;lkxNGakasFatuenAtMbn;RtUBik dUcenARbeTseyIgEdl
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
57/112
45
GRtasMeNImeFobGacmanrhUtdl; 95 - 100 GRtasMeNImrbs;vanwgekIneLIg ehIyeFIV[xUcxatbGn;KuNPaB .
enArdUvvsSa enAtMbn;RtUBikesIm dUcenAkm4 GRtaseNmsmtanRsv ERbRbYltamstuNPaB ngGRtaseNmeFobGRtaseNmeFob stNPaB GgSaes22 24 28 32 36 40 4450 11.2 10.9 10.7 10.5 10.2 10.0 9.9
55 11.7 11.5 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10.4
60 12.3 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0
65 12.7 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6
70 13.5 13.3 13.1 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.3
75 14.3 14.0 13.8 13.6 13.4 13.2 13.0
77 14.6 14.3 14.1 13.9 13.7 13.5 13.4
79 14.9 14.7 14.5 14.3 14.1 13.9 13.7
81 15.3 15.1 14.9 14.6 14.5 14.3 14.1
83 15.7 15.7 15.3 15.1 14.9 14.7 14.5
85 16.1 15.9 15.7 15.5 15.3 15.1 15.0
87 16.6 16.4 16.2 16.0 15.8 15.6 15.5
89 17.2 17.0 16.8 16.6 16.4 16.2 16.1
91 17.9 17.7 17.5 17.3 17.1 16.9 16.7
RbPB Teter, 1987
Ca]TahrN_ GRtasMeNImeFob 77
nigsItuNPaB 32 GgSaes RKab;RsUvnwgmanGRta
sMeNIm 13>9 mansvtPaBkgkarTkdak
GRtasMeNImeFob 85
nigsItuNPaB 32 GgSaes
RKab;RsUvnwgmanGRta
sMeNIm 15>5
mnmansvtPaBkgkarTkdak
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
58/112
46
4>9>3 GRtaseNmeFobbryakas(Relative humidity)GRtasMeNImeFobbriyakasKWCatmelx KitCa EdlbBaak;BIsMeNImenAkgxl;briya
kas RBmTaMgsmtPaBrbs;xl;kgkarpas;brsMeNImCamYyvtTaMgLayEdlenACamYyva . kalNa
tmelxenHkan;EttUc kan;EtxiteTACit 0 mannyfaxl;manlTPaB RsUbsMeNImBIvtTaMgLayEdlb:HCamYyva)ankan;EteRcIn . pyeTAvij kalNatmelxenHkan;EtFM kan;EtxiteTACit 100mannyfaxl;manlTPaBkan;EttickgkarRsUbyksMeNImBIvtTaMgLayEdlenACamYyva ehIymaneBlxHvaEfmTaMgeFIV[vtenaHkan;EtesImeTotpg .
GRtasMeNImeFobERbRbYleTAtambrimaNcMhayTwkEdlmanenAkgxl;briyakas nigbrimaNcMhayTwkeRcInbMput Gtibrima Edlxl;dEdlenaHGacpk)an . cMhayTwkGtibrimaEdlxl;Gacpk)anERbRbYleTAtamsItuNPaBrbs;xl;enaH taragTI 4>5>.
100% = K/RklbrmakghayTwkGt K/RkgxlhayTwkk eNmeFob taragTI 4>5 chayTwkGtibrmasRmab;xlmanstuNPaBepSgstNPaBxl
GgSaes 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90chayTkGtbrmaRkam 3>9 7>9 15>2 28>1 50>6 89>5 158>5 289>7 580>0 1559]TahrN_xageRkambBaak;fa eRkamsItuNPaBxusKa xl;EdlmancMhayTwk 15>2 Rkam
mansMeNImeFobepSgKa
C50%171005.89
2.15RH
C30%541001.28
2.15RH
C20%1001002.15
2.15RH
PaBRkamstuNPaBRkamstuNPaBRkamstuN
4>9>4 GRtaseNmeFobsmtaRbsinebIRsUvRtUv)anTukdak;kgbrisanbiTCit dUcCakgfg;)asik FugEdk b FugCrFMCaedIm
xl;enACMuvijRsUvenaHminb:HBal;edaypal;CamYyxl;xageRkA eFIV[GRtasMeNImeFobrbs;xl;enA
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
59/112
47
CamYyRsUvnwgdl;kRmitsmta eBalKWmantulPaBCamYyGRtasMeNImRsUv . GRtasMeNImeFobcugeRkaybMputnxl;kgbrisanbiTCitenaH eRcInRtUv)aneKehAfa : GRtasMeNImeFobsmta : .
CaTUeTA GRtasMeNImeFobsmtakg)av CRguk FugFMbiTCit benAkgbrikarTukdak;epSgeTotKYrmankRmitx10 sMNYrGMBIkarTukdak;sUmKUs kgRbGb; EdlGkyl;faRtwmRtUvCageK .
sNrT 1 ehtuGIV)anCaRtUvTukdak;RsUvGgr[)anRtwmRtUv ?edIm,IkMu[eKlYc .edIm,IkarBarvaBIsMeNIm ktacRg nigCMgW .edIm,IgayRsYlKNnaTinpl .edIm,IRsYlekIb bykecj .
sNrT 2 etIRtUvTukdak;GIV edIm,Iecosvagkarqab;xUcxat ?CaRsUv .CaGgrsRmit .CaGgrsMrUb .
sNrT 3 etIbrikar bkEngTukdak;EdllKYrmansPaBdUcemc ?manTMhMFM .
GacTb;sat;ktacRgnana nigsMeNIm . RtUv)ansagsg;enAeRkamdI . RtUv)ansagsg;x
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
60/112
48
sNrT 5 smtPaB bcMNuHnkarTukdak; GaRsynwg ?TMhM)av nigkm
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
61/112
49
5 - karkinRsUv
karkinRsUvKWCakicRbtibtidmansarsMxan;;enAeRkayplitkm . vaRtUv)aneFIVeLIgedIm,Ibk
sm,kGgam nigxat;RsTab;knk;ecj edIm,ITTYl)anGgrs b GgrsRmit sRmab;briePaK eRBaHfaGgrEdlmansuvtiPaBsRmab;karhUbcuk KYrEt 1> kin)ansatRKb;RKan; .2> BMumansMram RKab;esA nigRkYs .3> mancugGgrtictYc .
rbTI 5>1 cgGgrRsUvPaKeRcInman
-GgamRbmaN 20 .- RsTab;knk;RbmaN 10 .-sac;Ggr Gg;dUEs2 RKab;Rsv = Ggam + knk; + sacGgr
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
62/112
50
k> RsvRsUvEdlTTYl)anBIERsEtgmansm,kGgamsRmab;karBarBIxageRkA EdleyIgminGacbriePaK
)aneLIy .
x> GgrsrbKWCaGgrEdlTTYl)anBIRsUvEdl)anbkykGgamecj . vaenAmanRsTab;knk;BNRsGab; .
eyIgGacbriePaKGgrsMrUb)an b:uEnvasVit b rwgCagGgrsRmit . karcminGgrsMrUbEtgeRbIeBlyUrCagGgrsRmitFmta .
K> Ggrs b GgrsRmtKWCaGgrEdlTTYl)anBIkarkinsRmit . tamFmta vaElgmanRsTab;knk; nigkMBIg kEngduH
eTotehIy .
5>1 viFIkinRsUvcrcgca karknRsv = karykecjnvRsTabGgam ngknk edm,ITTl)anGgrs .ehykarknRsvGacRbRBteTAkg 1 b eRcnldab .karkinRsUvGacnwgRbRBwteTA)an
-kg 1 lMdab; RsTab;Ggam nigknk;RtUv)anbk bxat;ecjkgeBlEtmYy KWfavaplit)anGgrsRmitedaypal;BIRsUv .
-kg 2 lMdab; RsTab;Ggam nigknk;RtUv)anbk bxat;ecjkgeBledayELkbnbnab;Ka .mundMbUgbMputKWeFIV[TTYl)anGgrsMrUbBIRsUv rYc)anGgrsRmitBIGgrsMrUb .
-kgeRcInlMdab; RsUvqgkat;kicRbtibti nigbgMrbs;m:asIunepSgTRmaMkayCaGgrsRmit .5>1>1 karknRsvkg 1 ldab
karbukRsUvedayeRbIt,al; nigGERg rUbTI 5>3 enARtUv)anGnuvtenAeLIy enAtMbn;mYycMnYn .Ggam nigRsTab;knk;xHRtUvrebHecj edaykarkkitrvagRsUv nigRsUv RBmTaMgrvagGERg nigt,al; .tamrebobenH eFIV[Ggr)ak;exceRcIn . karsMGatcugeRkay EtgRtUv)aneKeFIVedayeray GMu nigs .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
63/112
51
rbTI 5>3 karbukRsvedayGERg ngt,almasnEdk EdlknRsvkg 1 ldab
manRbeTsRkIRkCaeRcInenAniymeRbIR)as;m:asIunkinkaehV m:ak :Engleberg : enAeLIy sRmab;kinRsUvEtkg 1 lMdab; . edaysarm:asIunenHCaRbePTRtdusedayEdknwgEdk ehIyeRbIR)as;sm
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
64/112
52
5>1>2 karknRsv 2 ldabm:asIunkinRsUv 2 lMdab; rUbTI 5>5 EtgRtUv)aneKehAfam:asIunkinRsUvbRgYmmaD b m:asIun
xattUc . vaRtUv)aneKeRbICMnYsm:asIunEdkRbePTkinkaehV ehIymanEpk b bgMedIm,IkinsMrUb nigkin
sRmitedayELkBIKa . rULekAsUbksm,kGgam ehIyGgrsMrUbRtUv)anxat;knk;ecj edayt,al;sRmitRbePTRtduseFIVGMBIEdk .
rbTI 5>5 m:asnkinRsv 2 ldab;5>1>3 karknRsveRcnldab
dMeNIrkarkgm:asIunkinRsUvEbbBaNiCkmFM rUbTI 5>6 manrYmbBalnUvkicRbtibtimYycMnYnedIm,Iplit)anGgrsRmitmanbrimaN nigKuNPaBx karsMGatRsUvmunkin .2> karkinsMrUb karbksm,kGgam .3> karkinsRmit karxat;RsTab;knk; .
4> kareFIV[GgrsRmitrelag b:Uelo .5> karEjkcugGgrecjBIGgredIm .6> karRckbevcxb;Ggr .6> karRKb;RKg nigeRbIR)as;plitplrYmpSM dUcCaGgam knk; nigcugGgr .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
65/112
53
rbTI 5>6 m:asnkinRsvEbbBaNCkm5>2 m:asIunkinRsUvTMenIb
5>2>1 karsGatRsv mnknkickarenHEtgRtUv)anGnuvtedIm,IykecjnUvsMramepSgEdlenAlayLM dUcCakemccMebIg
RKab;esA FUlI .l. RbsinebIsarFatuTaMgenHminRtUv)ansMGatecj enAmuneBlkinsMrUbeTenaH smtPaBrbs;t,al;sMrUb GRtaGgrEdlkin)annwgfycuH GgrminsdUcKa ehIymaneBlxHsMramGaceFVI[xUct,al;sMrUbEtmg . tamFmta eKeFIVRbdab;sMGatRsUvmunkin[GacbMeBjmuxgar)an 1>5 dg elOnCagbrimaNRsUvEdlbBalkgm:asIunkin .
5>2>2 karknsrbkarkinsMrUb b karbksm,kGgam EtgRbRBwteTAedaykarxat;Rtdus enAeBlEdlRsUvqg
kat;cenaHp 2 EdlmanPaBeRKIm nigmanclnakgel,nxusKa . sm,kGgamRtUv)anRsUb ehIynaMeTAkEngTukdak;vaEdlenAeRkAeragm:asIun . tamFmta GgammanRbmaN 20 nTmn;RsUvsrub .
5>2>3 karEjkRsvRsUvenAsl; bnab;BIqgkat;t,al;sMrUb EtgRtUv)aneKEjkecjBIGgrsMrUb . t,al;sMrUb
kan;Etl kan;EteFIV[manenAsl;RsUvkan;Ettic . RsUvenHminKYr[manenAsl;elIsBI 10 eT . karEjkenHeFIVeLIgedayEpkelIPaBxusKanRsUv nigGgrsMrUb dUcCadg;sIuet PaBGacGENt nigTMhM .
5>2>4 karknsRmt ngkarxatrlgenAkgkicRbtibtienH RsTab;knk;RtUv)anxat;ecjedayRbdab;bnSwk b Rtdus . tamFmta
knk;Edlxat;ecjmanGRtaBI 8 eTA 10 nTmn;RsUvsrub . edIm,Ibnykar)ak;exc kgKMlugeBlkinsRmit eKeRcIneFIV[Ggrqgkat;t,al;sRmit nigt,al;xat;rMlIg b:Uelo BI 2 eTA 4 dg bnbnab;Ka .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
66/112
54
karxat;rMlIgGgrsRmitepSImedaydMNk;Twkqar GaceFIV[RKab;Ggrkan;EtPWrelag edaymineFIV[fycuHTinplGgr . t,al;sRmitRbePTRtdus rYmpSMnwgRbBnbeBajdMNk;TwktUcqar EtgRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;kgdMNak;kalcugeRkaybMputnkarxat;rMlIgGgr munnwglk;dUr .
5>2>5 karEjkGgrbnab;BIkinehIy GgrsRmitEtgRtUv)aneKEjkCaGgredIm cugGgrRKab;FM nigcugGgrRKab;lit
edayeRbIkERBagjak; bTTak; . GgredImKWCaRKab;GgrmanRbEvgxIbMput 75 nRbEvgGgrTaMgmUl .Rbdab;EjkRKab; tameKalkarN_RbEvg EtgRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;edIm,IEjkykGgredIm .
5>2>6 karRcblGgrm:asIunkinRsUvl GkbBaam:asIunbiunRbsb; rYmnwgRsUvmanKuNPaBx2>7 karfgGgrGgreRcInRtUv)anevcxb; niglk;dUredayRckkg)avcMNuH 50 KILRkam EdlRtUvEtfwg[)anesInigeTogTat; ehIymandak;sakpg . m:asIunkinRsUvPaKeRcIneRbIR)as;RbBnfwgemkanikmanPaBeTog
Tat; . RbBnfwgGgreGLikRtUnikkRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;Edr .
5>3 sMNYrGMBIkarkinRsUvsUmKUsenAelIRbGb;cemIyEdlRtwmRtUv .
sNrT 1 etIkarkinRsUvCaGIV ?CakarkinRsUv[eTACaemSA .CakarsMGatRsUv .Cakarbk nigxat;ecjnUvRsTab;Ggam nigknk; .Cakarbk nigxat;ecjnUvRsTab;Ggam knk; ehIyEjkykGgredIm .
sNrT 2 etIlMdab;kinRsUvmYyNaEdlmanPaBRtwmRtUv ?sMGatRsUvmunkin kinsMrUb kinsRmit EjkGgr nigevcxb; .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
67/112
55
kinsMrUb EjkGgr kinsRmit nigevcxb; .EjkGgr kinsMrUb kinsRmit nigevcxb; .sMGatRsUvmunkin kinsRmit EjkGgr nigevcxb; .
sNrT 3 edIm,ITTYl)anGgrmanKuNPaBl etIRtUvkinRsUvmanGRtasMeNImkRmitNa ?b:unank)anEdr .16 .14 .11 .
sNrT 4 etIGgredImKWCaGIV ?RKab;GgrEdlmanRbEvgEvgCag 65 eTA 75 nRbEvgGgrsrub .RKab;GgrEdlmanRbEvgEvgCag 75 nRbEvgGgrsrub .RKab;GgrEdlmanRbEvgEvgCag 80 eTA 85 nRbEvgGgrsrub .RKab;GgrEdlenATaMgmUl .
sNrT 5 etIGRtaGgrsRmit nigGRtaGgredIm Edl TTYl)anBIm:asIunkinRsUvdlmYyenATIVbGasIumankRmitb:unNa ?GgrsRmit 60 - 65 nigGgredIm 45 - 50 .GgrsRmit 60 nigGgredIm 50 - 55 .GgrsRmit 65 - 70 nigGgredIm 50 - 60 .Ggrs 70 - 75 nigGgredIm 60 - 65 .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
68/112
56
6 - KuNPaBRsUvGgr
GkeRbIR)as; b GkhUbcukKWCaGkseRmcfa etIRsUvGgrEdlmanKuNPaBl KYrmansPaBEbb
Na ehIyeKnwgpl;tmeTAtamenaH . enHmannyfa TIbMputKWGkeRbIR)as;EdlCaGkseRmcfaRsUvGgrmanKuNPaBx1 .
rbTI 6>1 lkN2 sxannKuNPaBRsvGgr6>1 lkNrUbsaRsnRsUv Ggr
6>1>1 lkNrbsasnRsvlkNrUbsaRssMxan;rbs;RsUvmancMnYn 6 KW -GRtasMeNIm .-GRtaRKab;eRbHRsaM .-TMhMRKab; .-GRtaRKab;enAesIrTwk minTan;TMul .-GRtasarFatulayLM .-
Tmn; 1000 RKab; .
rbTI 6>2 RKab;Rsvminsat sat nglbBaak; niymny sarsMxan; nigrebobvas;kMNt;lkNTaMgenHmanerobrab;kgEpkTI 4>9 nig 6>4.
lkNrbsas lkNKm
KNPaBRsvGgrKCakarrmpSMn
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
69/112
57
6>1>2 lkNrbsasnGgrlkNrUbsasnGgr rYmman
-GgredIm nigcugGgr .- RKab;xUc nigERbBN .- rUbrag nigTMhMRKab; .-sPaBdUcdI sseBaH .-BNsm,r .-Tmn; .-FUlI RkYs sMramlayLM .-GRtasMeNIm .Ggredm ngGRtaGgredmGgredImKWCaRKab;GgrEdlenArlUnmin)ak;bEvgCag 34 nbeNayGgrTaMgmUl. CaTUeTA
GgredImEtgRtUv)aneKKitCaPaKryeFobeTAnwgRsUvEdleKehAfaGRtaGgredIm . Ca]TahrN_RbsinebI 45 nRsUvEdlykeTAkinCaGgredIm eyIgGacniyayfaGRtaGgredImEdlTTYl)anBIRsUvenaHman45 . GRtaGgredImGacERbRbYlBI 25 eTA 65 . lkNKuNPaBrbs;RsUv KWCaktasMxan;CageK EdleFIV[b:HBal;dl;GRtaGgredIm. KuNPaBm:asIunkinRsUv nigPaBCMnajnGkbBaam:asIunkinRsUvkrYmcMENkman\TiBldl;KuNPaBenHEdr .
rbTI6>3 RKab;GgrGRtacgGgr
GRtacugGgr eRcInRtUv)aneKkMNt;edayeRbobeFobTmn;cugGgreTAnwgTmn;Ggrsrub . edIm,Ivas;kMNt;GRtacugGgr KYrman
sac;Ggr
kMBIg
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
70/112
58
-GgrRKb;RKan;edIm,IeRCIsyksMNak 25 Rkam.-CBaIg sRmab;fwgsMNakenH .- Rbdab;EjkcugGgrecjBIGgredIm.-Fug bkMb:ugCrFmta bfg;RkdastUcsRmab;dak;Ggr .-bkbexAd Rkdas nigm:asIunKitelx sRmab;kt;Rta nigKNna .viFIvas;kMNt;GRtacugGgrKW
1>eRCIsyksMNakGgr 25 Rkam tameKalkarN_cdn k .2>eRbIR)as;Rbdab;Ejk edIm,IEjkcugGgrecjBIGgredIm . bBaak; GgredImKWCaGgrman
beNayEvgCag 75 nRbEvgGgrTaMgmUl.3>fwg : cugGgr : Edl)anEjkecjBIsMNakxagelI x.4>KNna : GRtacugGgr : K tamrUbmn
100
Tmn ; cugGgr x GRtacgu Ggr K =
Tmn; sMNakGgr k
rbTI6>4 cgGgrRKab;ltkanEteRcn eFI[tm GgrkanEtefakRKabxc ngERbBN
muneBlkin RsUvGacnwgxUcxatedaykarERbRbYlCIv-KImInsac;xagkg . karERbRbYlenHGaceFIV[RsUvGgrmanBNxusFmta nigkinminl . mUlehtuepSgeTotEdleFIV[RsUvGgrxUc KWedaysarstVlit karduHpSit karRtUvTwk bRsUbsMeNIm nigkareLIgkemA .
edIm,Ivas;kMNt;GRtaGgrxUcRtUvmansmardUcteTA -GgrRKb;RKan;edIm,IeRCIsyksMNak 25 Rkam.
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
71/112
59
-CBaIg sRmab;fwgsMNakenH .-Fug bkMb:ugCrFmtabfg;RkdastUc sRmab;dak;Ggr .-bkbexAd Rkdasnigm:asIunKitelx sRmab;kt;Rta nigKNna .viFIvas;kMNt;GRtaGgrxUcKW
1>eRCIsyksMNakGgr 25 Rkam edayeRbIR)as;CBaIg k .2>eRCIserIs nigEjkGgrxUcecjBIsMNakenaH .3>fwgGgrxUcEdl)anEjk x .4>KNnaGRtaGgrxUc tamrUbmn
100
Tmn; GgrEdlxUc x
GRtaGgrEdlxcU =Tmn; sMNakGgr k sPaBdcdssPaBdUcdI sEtgRtUv)ankMNt;eTAtamsPaBfa bminfansac;Ggr . RbsinebIEpkxHnsac;
GgrminmansPaBfa eKEtgehAfavamansPaBdUcdI sbmaneBaHs .eTaHbICasPaBenHRtUv)anrlub)at;enAeRkayeBlcmin nigBMuman\TiBldl;rsCati b kinvakeday keKEtg[tmGgrEbbenaHefakCagGgrFmtaEdr .CaTUeTAbBaaenHekItmanedaykarrMxankgeBlEdlRsUvkMBugdak;RKab; ehIyeFIV[Ggrgaynwg)ak;exckgeBlkin . GkviTasasmYycMnYn)anGHGagfabBaaenHekItmanedaysarsPaBminENnnemSA Starch nigRbUetGIun ehIyBUCRsUvEdlmanEbkExgeRcIn eRcIneFIV[manbBaaenHeRcInCagBUCRsUvEdlminsUvEbkExg .
edIm,Ivas;kMNt;GRtaGgrEdlmansPaBdUcdI senAkgGgr caM)ac;RtUvman -GgrRKb;RKan;edIm,IeRCIsyksMNak 25 Rkam.-CBaIg sRmab;fwgsMNakenH .
-Fug bkMb:ugCrFmta bfg;RkdastUcsRmab;dak;Ggr .-bkbexAd Rkdasnigm:asIunKitelx sRmab;kt;Rta nigKNna .viFIvas;kMNt;GRtaenHKW
1>eRCIsyksMNakGgr 25 Rkam edayeRbIR)as;CBaIg k .2>eRCIserIs nigEjkRKab;GgrmansPaBdUcdI secjBIsMNak.
bBaak; karkMNt;sPaBdUcdI seRcIneFIVeLIgedayemIlnwgEPk ehIycat;fak;eTAtamtaragTI 6>1 .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
72/112
60
taragTI 6>1 cNat;fak;GgrmansPaBdUcdI skRmt PaKrynEpkmansPaBdcd s0 KanesaH
1 ticCag 105 10 eTA 209 eRcInCag 20
3>fwgGgrmansPaBdUcdI skRmit 9 Edl)anEjkecjBIsMNakGgr x .4>KNnaGRtaGgrEdlmansPaBdUcdI stamrUbmn
100Tmn;GgrEdlmansPaBdUcdsI x GRtaGgrEdlmansPaBdUcdsI =
Tmn ; sNM akGgr k
PaBsfa ngkRmtknPaBsPaBfa nigkRmitkin KWCaktakMNt;GMBIBNsm,rGgr . vaKWCaplrYmnlkNrUbrbs;
BUC nigkRmitkin . KYrbBaak;faGgrEdlminmanPaBTak;TajsRmab;GkbriePaK nwgmantmefakelI
TIpSar . ehtuenH karEklMGBNsm,rGgredaykinRtwmRtUv nigRKb;RKan;nwgeFIV[tmvaekIneLIg .kgeBlkinsRmit RsTab;manBNR)ak; nigRsTab;knk;RtUv)anxat;ecj .kRmitkinEtgRtUv)an
eKkMNt;eTAtambrimaNknk;Edlxat;ecjBIGgr .
100%, = Ggrsrbm knkmkRmtkn
GgrRkhm ngGgrrnkGgrRkhm nigGgrrnuk CaGgrEdlmansl;RsTab;knk;xHbnab;BIkinehIy .GkbriePaK)ay
esIrEtTaMgGs; Etgcg;)anGgrEdlkin)anl xat;RsTab;knk;Gs; edaysarvaemIleTAl nigmingaypr ehIykarenAsl;GgrRkhm nigGgrrnukkgGgrmannyfaGgrenaHkinmin)anl b minRCHknk;EdleFIV[vaklk;min)anfeTAtamenaH .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
73/112
61
6>2 lkNKImInGgrlkNKImInGgrKWCaktakMNt;PaBrwg st RCay bTn; nigqaj;Bisabnab;BIcmin. lkN
TaMgenaHcMnYn 3 sMxan;KW Gelatinization temperature, Gel consistency nig Amylose content .
rbTI 6 >6 )ay6>2>1 Gelatinization temperature sItuNPaBEdleFIV[GgrERbCa)ay
Gelatinization temperature KWCasItuNPaB EdlenAeBlenaHGgrRsUbTwk ehIyemSA StarchenAkgsac;Ggrcab;epImrIk minrYmvij . vakMNt;ryeBlRtUvkarsRmab;cmin)ay EdlmannyfakalNaGgrmansItuNPaBenHkan;Etx7 Gelatinization temperaturekMNt;ryeBlEdlRtUvkarcmnGgrCa)ay
rbTI 6 > 5 GgrRkhm ngGgrrnk
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
74/112
62
maneBlxH eK)anCUneyabl;edIm,ITukdak;RsUv[)any:agtic 4 Ex bnab;BIRcUtehIy munnwgykvaeTAkin ehIydaMCa)aysRmab;vaytmKuNPaB . { PaBcas;} nRsUvGgrkeFIV[ekIneLIgnUvkarRsUbTwk nigkarrIkmaD)ay Edlmannyfa)aydaMBIGgrRsUvcas;eRcInrwgCag)aydaMBIGgrRsUvfI .
GaRsyeTAtam Gelatinization temperature GgrRtUv)ancat;fak;famansItuNPaBenHTabmFm nigx8 cNat;fak;GgreTAtam Amylose content
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
75/112
63
rbTI 6>9 )ayst rg esm st ERbRbYleTAtamGRtaAmylose contenttaragTI 6>2 lkNrbs)ay EdlERbRbYleTAtam Amylose content kgGgr
Amylose content lkNrbs)ayeRcIn rIkmaD beLIgxaMg ehIyst sVit nigrwg enAeBlTuk[RtCak;
tic esIm ehIysit6>2>3 Gel consistencysirPaBrbs;CatiGnilPaBrwgenHkMNt;TMenarrbs;)ayeTArkPaBrwg enAeBlTukva[RtCak; EdlmannyfakalNa
Ggrman Gel consistency kan;Etx4 eRbobeFob)ayEdldaMBIGgrman Gel consistency
rwg nigTn; .
taragTI 6>3 cNat;fak;Ggr eTAtam Gel consistencycNatfak Gel consistencyKitCa rwg 27 -35
rwgmFm 36 -40
mFm 41 -60Tn; 61 -100
taragTI 6>4 lkN)ayERbRbYleTAtam Gel consistencyGel consistency lkNrbs)ay
rwg minsUvsit ehIyeRcInrwg
Tn; puy mankarniymeRcIn
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
76/112
64
viFIeFIVetsEbbrUb-KImI EdlEtgRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;edIm,IkMNt;KuNPaB)aymandUcCa - kareFIVetsedayeRbIAlkali (Alkali test) .- kareFIVetsviPaKGamILs(Amylose test) .- kareFIVetsviPaKGel consistency (Gel consistency test) .- kareFIVetsBntRKab; (Kernel elongation test) .- kareFIVetskin (Aroma test) .kareFIVetsviPaKGel consistencyeRcInRtUv)aneKGnuvt eday
1>kemAGgrbnickg AlkaliCatik,g Edl)anlay b BRgav EdleFIV[xusBIConsistencyrbs;emSAlayTwk 5 EdlRtCak; .
2>rkSaTukGelEdlRtCak; kgbMBg;Ekvepk ryeBl 1 em:ag .3>vas;RbEvg Gel .karviPaKGel consistency )anEckGgrEdlman Amylose content xGgrman Gel consistency rwg GelesI bxICag 40 mIlIEm:Rt eFIV[)ayrwgxaMg .2>Ggrman Gel consistencyrwgmFm GelRbEvg 41 -60 mIlIEm:Rt eFIV[)ayrwg .3>Ggrman Gel consistencyTn; Gel EvgCag 61 mIlIEm:Rt eFIV[)ayTn; .
lMhat; etIlkNTaMgLayxageRkamenHCalkNrUbsas b lkNKImInGgr ?
GgrRKabF GgrRKablt PaBgayRslxaTBar )ayst
xSackgGgr knl BNelOg qn enAstNPaB 90GgSaes6>3 ktaman\TiBldl;KuNPaBRsUvGgr
KuNPaBRsUvGgrEtgrg\TiBlBIktacRmuHmYycMnYn dUcCaBUC viFIplit plitkm b kardaMduHnigkarRKb;RKgeRkayeBlRbmUlpl .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
77/112
65
6>3>1 ktaBCBUCRsUvnImYymanlkNepSgKa EdleFIV[GacxusKa TaMg
-Tinpl .-lkNrUb BN rUbrag TMhM dg;sIuet PaBsVit brwgmaM PaBmanBNdUcdI s.l.-lkNKImI PaBTn; b rwgrbs;)ay kinRbehIr rsCati ryeBlcmin.l.-PaBFn;RTaMCamYynwgkarxUcxatedaybBaaepSg dUcCaPaBraMgst ktacRg nigCMgW .
6>3>2 ktapltkmkarrMxanepSgkgGMLgeBlplitkm kgeBlEdlRsUvduHlUtlas; Gacnwgman\TiBldl;
KuNPaBRsUvGgr . karrMxanTaMgenaHGacCa -karBMumanTwkRKb;RKan; .-karBMumanCICatiRKb;RKan; .-karbMpajedayktacRgnana .
karrMxanenAeBlRsUvkMBugduHlUtlas; GacbNal[ -fycuHTinpl .- RsUvminTMudMNalKa .- RKab;RsUvxUc b es3>3 ktaRKbRKgenAeRkayeBlRbmlplkarRKb;RKgBMuRtwmRtUv enAeRkayplitkm GacbNal[
-)at;bg;RsUvGgr edaysarktacRgnana .
-)at;bg;RsUvGgrenAkgkicRbtibtiNamYy b kgkicRbtibtimYycMnYn .-xUcxatEpkrUbsaRs dUcCa)ak;excRKab; manlayLMedayFUlIdI nigTwkenamkNr .l.- ERbBNRsUvGgredayRbtikmKImI EdlCaplnkarRsUbsMeNImcUlvij .
6 >4 lkNrbs;BUCKuNPaBrbs;RKab;BUCGaRsynwglkxNTaMgLayEdledImem nigRKab;vaqgkat; kgeBlduH
lUtlas; RbmUlpl RKb;RKg Tukdak; nigdaMduH . sItuNPaB sarFatuciBawm nigktabrisanepSg k
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
78/112
66
man\TiBldl;karekItCarUbragRKab; ehIynigKuNPaBrbs;vaEdr .
6>4>1 sarsxannKNPaBRKabBCRKab;BUCKWCaplitplenAmanCIvit . eyIgRtUvEtdaM RbmUl nigRKb;RKgva[RtwmRtUv edIm,I[va
duHeRcIn nigl ehIypl;plitPaBx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
79/112
67
dUcenH eyIgGacnwgTTYl)anRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBl kalNa - eyIgdaMduHedayeRbIR)as;RKab;BUCsuTnigl .-dMNaMRsUvRtUv)anduHlUtlas;kglkxNdl .- eyIgRcUtkat;kgeBlevla nigedayviFIsmRsb.- eyIge)akEbn sMGatnighalsmtvaPam nigsmRsb.- eyIgmanRbBnTukdak; nigEbgEckRKab;BUCRtwmRtUv .RKab;BUCmanKuNPaBl KYrEt
1>manPaBsuT bminkay.2>mansarFatulayLMtictYcbMput.3>manPaBefas .4>minmankarxUcxat .5>manGRtadMNuHx4>2 lkNsTxagBCnRKabBCRsvlkNsuTxagBUC KWkarminmanRKab;BUCepSglayLM . vaGackMNt;edaylkNrUb KImI nig
dMNaM . lkNrUbrbs;RKab;BUCKWRbEvgbeNay TTwg rUbrag TMhM BN nigkin . eyIgGackMNt;lkNTaMgenHedayrab; nigfwgTmn; 1000 RKab; BinitedayEPkTeT b edayeRbIR)as;xatBN .l.rIlkNKImIvijmandUcCa Amylose content BNAlkali digestion, Gel consistency nigRbUetGIun .
BUCsuTEtgeFIV[RsUvmankm
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
80/112
68
6>4>3 PaBmnsatPaBminsatGacCaRKab;esA RKab;BUCdMNaMepSg sarFatulayLMepSg dUcCaRKab;RkYs FUlI b
kemckmIepSg . sarFatuTaMgenHEtgRtUv)aneKKitCaPaKrynTmn;RsUvBUCsrub .
6>4>4 ThRKabPaBefas b kardak;RKab;eBj KWCalkNrbs;RKab;BUCl KWfavaeRcInmanskanuBlPaBx4>5 RKabBCxc xcRTgRTay ngmanCgRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBl KYrEtminmanCMgWminrgkarbMpajnigminmanbBaaepSgeTot . vaKYrEt
enAl Kankardac;rlat; b )ak;Ebk EdlGaceFIV[GRtadMNuH nigPaBxaMgrbs;vafycuH .
rbTI 6>12 RKab;BCEdlxUc xUcRTgRTay ngmanCg6>4>6 GRtadNHkgERs
GRtadMNuHnRKab;BUCenAkgERs GaRsyCasMxan;elIGRtasMeNImrbs;vakgeBlTukdak; skanuBlPaBdMNuH nigPaBxaMgrbs;va . GRtasMeNImman\TiBly:agxaMgeTAelICIvit nigPaBxaMgnRKab;BUC . CaTUeTA GRtasMeNImenHKYrTabCag 14 ehIyKYrEt[TabCag 13 RbsinebIRtUvTukdak;BUCkgryeBlyUr .
PaBxaMgrbs;RKab;BUCKWCaRbsiTPaBkgkarduH niglUtlas;enAkgERs . RKab;BUCEdlxaMg eFIV[edImqab;duH manlkNRbhak;RbEhlKa ehIyGacRTaMRT)anlCamYylkxNdaMduHminsUvGMeNaypl . pyeTAvij RKab;BUCexSayeFIV[mingayduHBnk manedImexSay ehIygaynwgxUcxat .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
81/112
69
enAeBlEdldMNuHRKab;mansnHxusKatictYcBIBUCmYyeTAmYy RKab;BUCEtgRsUbsMeNIm ehIykgryeBl 2 fvaKYrduHbs nigkgryeBl 4 f vaKYrduHswkTI 1 . karduH karbnrs;ran niglUtlas;KWCakarkMNt;GRtadMNuHenAkgERs .
rbTI6>13 RKab;BCduH6>4>7 deNknRKabBC
BUCRsUvCaeRcInmanryeBldMeNkPambnab;BIRcUtkat;rYc EdleFIV[vamanGRtadMNuHTab .tamFmta ryeBlenHmanRbEhlCa 1 Ex . manviFImYycMnYnRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;edIm,IbMEbkdMeNkehIyeFIV[vaduHeRcIn . viFITaMgenaHmandUcCa
kareRbIsItuNPaBx8 kareFetsRKabBCCaTUeTA RKab;BUCEtgRtUv)aneRCIserIs nigviPaKkgmnIrBiesaFn_bnab;BIsmt nigsMGatrYc.
sMNakBUCEtgRtUv)anviPaKedayBinitelIlkNKuNPaBdUc)anerobrab;xagelI .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
82/112
70
rbTI6>14 RKab;BCminsT ngk areRCsers b Ejk6>4>9 vBaabnbRtbBaakBC
kareFIVviBaabnbRtbBaak;GMBIBUCmaneKalbMNgsMxan; edIm,IeFIV[manRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBlsRmab;ksikreRbIR)as; . RKab;BUCEdl)anTTYlkarbBaak;RtUvEtmanPaBsuTxagBUC mandMNuHx5 erobrab;GMBIlkNsg;daBUCenARbeTshIVlIBIn .
taragTI 6>5 sgdarpvkarsRmab;eFIvBaabnbRtbBaak;G MBRKab;BC enARbeTshlBnbryay BCkRmt
BreederBCkRmt
FoundationBCkRmt
RegisteredBCkRmtCertified
BUCsuT 98 98 98 97RKab;BUCRsUvepSg RKab;500Rkam 0 2 5 10RKab;esAcRg nigdMNaMepSg 0 0 0>05 0>1sMramlayLM 2 2 2 3RKab;RsUvRkhm RKab;500 Rkam 0 0 1 2GRtadMNuH ticbMput 80 80 80 80
GRtasMeNIm 14 14 14 14
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
83/112
71
cMNaM- RtUvdaMRKab;BUC BreederedIm,ITTYl)anRKab;BUC Foundation .- RtUvdaMRKab;BUC Foundation edIm,ITTYl)anRKab;BUC Registered.- RtUvdaMRKab;BUC Registered edIm,ITTYl)anRKab;BUC Certified . RbsinebIBMumanRKab;BUCRegisteredRtUvdaMRKab;BUC Foundation edIm,ITTYl)anRKab;BUC Certified.edIm,IbBaak;TTYlsal;BUC manRbeTsCaeRcInGnuvtkarRtYtBinittaMgBIvaenACadMNaMkgERs .
Pak;gareFIVviBaabnbRtBinitemIlRsUvkgERs y:agehacNas;mgkgdMNak;kallUtlas; nigmgeTotenAmuneBlRcUtkat; ehIyGacnwgbdiesFminecjviBaabnbRtTTYlsal; RbsinebIdMNaMRsUvminlRKb;RKan; eRBaHEt
-manesAcRgeRcIn .-duHlUtlas;exSay.-manedImminrwgmaM bmanCMgW .-manstVlitbMpaj.-lkxNepSgeTotEdlmineFIV[karRtYtBinitRbRBwteTA)anRtwmRtUv b eFIV[manmnilGMBIGt
sBaaNnBUCenaH .
rbTI 6>15 karBnt emIlsanPaBRsvkgERssRmab;BinitKuNPaBBUCRsUv RbeTsepSg)aneFIVsg;daepSgKa. taragTI 6>6 erobrab;GMBI
sg;daBinitsanPaBRsUvkgERsenARbeTsmIy:an;m:a .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
84/112
72
taragTI 6>6 sgdarsRmab;Rt YtBntsanPaBRsvkgERs enARbeTsmIy :anm:abryay BC Foundation BCRegistered BCCertifiedBUCkay 0>05 0>30 0>30
edImepSgEdlminGacbMEbk )an 0>01 0>05 0>05esAcRgEdlminGacTTYl yk)an 0>01 0>02 0>02edIm bkYr manCMgW 0>01 0>05 0>05
6 >5 meFa)ayedIm,IplitRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBx5>1 kareRCsersERs ngkarerobcd
ERsEdleRCIserIssRmab;plitRKab;BUC KYrEtmanlkNvinicymYycMnYn EdlrYmman
-min)andaMduHRsUvkalBIqaM b rdUvmun elIkElgEtERs)andaMBUCdUcKa sRmab;TTYl)anviBaabnbRtbBaak; .
-xNdac;BIERsmYyeTotEdldaMBUCRsUvdUcKa edayRbLay pv b RbeLaHTMenr y:agehacNas;3 Em:Rt edIm,IecosvagnUvkarkay b layLM .
rbTI 6>16 KmatrvagRsvdaykBC y:agtic 3 Em:Rt- erobcMdI)anl edIm,Ismab; bkmat;edImRsUvmY RsUvduHBIRKab;BUCEdlRCuHkgrdUvmun nigesA
cRg. dIERsKYrRtUv)anPrras; b dak;faMKImI edIm,ITb;min[RsUvmY nigesAcRgGacEp)an .
rbTI 6>17 dIERsKYrRtUv)anerobc Prras RtwmRtUv
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
85/112
73
6>5>2 karRKbRKgdNakarRKb;RKgdMNaMnwgman\TiBldl;karlUtlas;nigPaBTMudMNalKanRsUv . karRKb;RKgenH
rYmmankarRKb;RKgTwk CI dg;sIuetedIm esAcRg RBmTaMgktacRg nigCMgWepSg .
karRKb;RKgTwk edIm,IRKb;RKgTwk)anl ERsRtUvmansPaBrabesI ehIymanPWKt;mt; . karmanTwkCeRmA2-5 sgIEm:Rt ray braceBjERsGacnwgrYmcMENkeFIV[
-dMNaMduHlUtlas;l nigesIKa .-TTYl)anTinplx18 ERsrabesCyeFI[RKb;RKgTwk)anlkarRKb;RKgTwkRtwmRtUvknwgCYybnykarRbkYtRbECgrbs;esAcRg begInTinpl nigKuNPaB
RKab; edaykarbnysMrambsarFatulayLMepSg .
rbTI 6>19 karelkPERs
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
86/112
74
karRKb;RKgCI kardak;CIRtwmRtUvnigsmRsbeTAtamBUC niglkxNdaMduHmansarsMxan; . kardak;edayRbugRbytnUvCIGahSt GacCYyeFIV[RsUvTMudMNalKa dak;RKab;eBjnigmankRmitRbUetGIunx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
87/112
75
rbTI6>21 karmanGRtaedImRsvsmRsbKWCaRbkarsxanedIm,ITTYl)anTinplx3 karRKbRKgRKabBCenAeRkayeBlRbmlplRKab;BUCEdlmanKuNPaBl tRmUv[mankarRKb;RKgRtwmRtUv . RKab;BUC Breeder KYrRtUv)an
RcUtkat;edayd nige)akEbnedaym:asIun EdlmanRbBnsMGat[sat. RKab;BUCRbePT Foundation,
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
88/112
76
Registered nig Certified GacnwgRcUtkat;)anedaym:asIun EdlRtUv)ansMGatRtwmRtUv edIm,IecosvagkarmanBUCRsUvepSgenAlayLM .
eBlevlaRcUtkat; eBlevlasmRsbbMputedIm,IRcUtkat; KWenAeBlEdlRKab;RsUvmanGRtasMeNIm20-25 b enAeBlRsUv 80 -85 manBNdUccMebIg KWRbmaN 30 fbnab;BIecjpa .RbsinebIRcUtkat;yWteBkRKab;RsUvCaeRcInnwgRCuHxat;xay b stRCul ehIyeRbHRsaMkgeBle)akEbn . RKab;BUCEdleRbHRsaM nwgminsUvduHb duHlUtlas;exSay. pyeTAvij RbsinebIqab;RcUtkat;eBk nwgmanRKab;BUCeRcInenAesIrTwk eFIV[vamanKuNPaBTab .
kare)akEbn KYre)akEbnCabnan; enAeRkayeBlRcUtkat; . karKrTukkNab;RsUvkan;EtyUr kan;Et
gayeFIV[RKab;RsUvGgrERbBN . el,nvilRtwmRtUvsRmab;t,al;m:asIunEdlmaneFj KW 12 - 16Em:RtvinaTI b RbmaN 600 CMunaTI . el,nvilx23 m:asne)akRsvkarhalsmt KYrhalsmtRKab;BUCRsUv[manGRtasMeNIm 13 b14 [)anqab;tamEdlGaceFIV)an bnab;BIe)akEbnrYc .kgkrNIEdlRtUvTukdak;yUr yUrCag 1 Ex KYrhalsmtva[manGRtasMeNImTabCag13ehIyTukdak;kgbrikarbiTCit .taragTI6>8erobrab;GMBIGRtasMeNImnigryeBlTukdak;smRsb.
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
89/112
77
taragTI 6>8 ryeBlTukdak; ngGRtaseNmRKab;BCRsvryeBlTkdak GRtaseNmsvtPaB bBaaEdlGacngektmanebTkdakyr b esmCag2-3 s)ah_ 14 duHpSit ERbBN nig)at;bg;edaykardkdegIm
8 -12 Ex Tab b esI 13 rgkarbMpajrbs;stVlityUrCag 1 qaM Tab b esI 9 fycuHsmtPaBdMNuH
karsmt nigpMeRcIndg GacCYyrkSaKuNPaBRKab;BUC . eyIgGaceFIVkickarenHedayhalRsUvedaykemAf b edayeRbIR)as;m:asIunsmt kgryeBlkMNt;mYy ehIypMvaedayeFIV[vacuHRtCak; enAkgFug bkg)av kgryeBlkMNt;mYyeTot . kickarenHKYrRtUv)aneFIVsacuHsaeLIgy:agtic 2 dg
rhUtTal;EtRsUvmanGRtasMeNImTabCag besI
14 .
kgkrNIhalsmtedaykemARBHGaTit KYrBRgayRKab;BUCesIg1 - 3 sgIEm:Rt enAelIkenl kRmalbTIlan ehIyvIRtLb;va 7 - 8 dgf . eFIVrebobenH eFIV[sMeNImkgRKab;BUCGacmansPaBRbhak;RbEhlKa ehIyCYybegInel,nsmt . sItuNPaBRKab;RsUvEdlhal Gacx24 karhalsmtRsvedaykemAfm:asIunsmtFuntUcEdleKniymeRbI mansmtPaBsmtmg)an 1 - 3 etan kgryeBl 6 -
12 em:ag . enAtMbn;RtUBik eKeRcIndutkemAxl;[mansItuNPaB 40 - 42 GgSaes ehIy[vamanel,n 0>15 -0>25 Em:Rt vinaTI . eyIgGaceFIV[RbsiTPaBnm:asIunsmtRbePTenHekIneLIg edayRcbl;RtLb;RsUv kgeBlsmt .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
90/112
78
rbTI 6>25 karsmtedaym:asnFuntUckarsMGat RKab;BUCEdl)ane)akEbnEtgmansarFatu bkemckmIepSgenAlayLM . sarFatuTaMgenaHGacCakemcedIm bswk sNI RKab;dMNaMepSg dI nigRkYsEdlGacCaRbPBbgbBaaepSg dUcCaCRmkrbs;ktacRg nigkareFIV[RsUvesIm .l. dUecHRtUvsMGatRKab;BUC[)anqab;tamEdlGaceFIV)an bnab;BIRcUtkat; CaBiessenAmuneBlTukdak; .
karTukdak; RbsinebIRtUvTukdak;RKab;BUCRsUv[mansuvtiPaB kgryeBlyUr vaRtUvEt - manGRtasMeNImTabCag 13 b 14.- TTYl)ankarkarBarTl;nwgstVlit stVsab nigkNr.- TTYl)ankarkarBarTl;nwgkarRsUbsMeNImBITwkePg bBIxl;briyakasEdlenACMuvijva .
karTukdak;kg)avenAeBlTukdak;RKab;BUCkg)av KYr)aj;faMCaerOyedIm,IkarBarTl;nwgstVlitnigCMgWpSitehIysRmab;briyakasmansMeNImx26 karTukdak;kg)av
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
91/112
79
karTukdak;kgCRgukksikrCaeRcIneRbIR)as;CRguk eFIVBIeQI rUbTI6>27 dI\d sIum:gt_b bnHbJsSIEdlgaynwgeFIV[RsUvBUCrgkarbMpajBIsMNak;stVlit kNrnigstVsab.
rbTI 6>27 CRgkRsvkarTukdak;biTCit karTukdak;kgbrikarbiTCit KWCaCeRmIsdmanskanuBlmYy enAtMbn;RtUBik . RbsinebIRKab;BUCRtUv)anhalsmt[manGRTasMeNImesI b TabCag 14 ehIyrkSaTukkgbrikarbiTCitvanwgminrgkarbMpajBIsMNak;stVlit kNrstVsab nigCMgWpSitehIyknwgminRsUbsMeNImBIxl;enACMuvijva b rgkarxUcxatedayTwkePgeLIy . brikarTukdak;biTCitGacmanrag nigTMhMxusKa EdlGacCaFugeRbgmancMNuH 200 lIRt rhUtdl;brikarTMenIb nigf dUcCabrikarbiTCiteFIVBI)asikCaedIm.
rbTI 6>28 brkarTukdak;biTCtmYycnn6>6 kareFIVetsvaytmKuNPaBRKab;BUC
CaTUeTA kareFIVetsvaytmKuNPaBRKab;BUC EtgRtUv)aneKGnuvtedayBinitelI1>GRtasMeNIm.2>GRtadMNuH .3>PaBsat.4>PaBsuTxagBUC .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
92/112
80
6>6>1 kareFetsGRtaseNmviFIeFIVets bvas;kMNt;GRtasMeNImRsUvGgrmanerobrab;kgEpk 4>9 .
6>6>2 kareFetsGRtadNHkareFIVetsGRtadMNuHCaviFIEdlGaceFIV)anmuneBlykRKab;BUCeTAdaMduH . ryeBlEdlRKab;
BUCRtUvkaredIm,IduHBnk KWCasBaaEdlbgajGMBIPaBxaMgrbs;va . viFIenHgayRsYlGnuvt cMNayticehIyminerIsTIkEng . edIm,IeFIVetsdMNuHKYrman
-fasminRCabTwk b dbTwksuTmanRCugrabesI mYycMehog kat;tambeNay edIm,I[manTRmg;Cafas .
- RkNat;EdlRsUb b Ck;Twk . RkdasCUtmux bkUnkEnSgGMe)aH manPaBsmRsbbMput.- RKab;BUC .-TwksRmab;epSIm.ehIyGnuvtva eday
1>dak;latRkNat; bRkdasCk;Twkkgfas.2>eRCIsyksMNakBIKMnr b )avRKab;BUC tameKalkarN_cdn ehIyRcbl;vakgFugmYy .
bnab;mk eRCIsyksMNaky:agtic 3 BIRKab;BUCEdl)anRcbl;enaH .3>rab;ykRKab;BUCcMnYn 100 RKab; BIkgsMNaknImYyTaMg 3 enaH ehIydak;rayvaenAelI
RkNat; bRkdasCk;TwkEdlenAkgfas.4>Caerogral;fkgryeBl 10 f RtUv
k> eFIV[RkNat; b RkdasenaHCk;Twk b esImCanic edaycak;TwkepSImedayRbugRbyt .x> kt;RtacMnYnRKab;BUCEdlduHBnk .
5>KNnaGRtadMNuH enAfTI 5 nigTI10tamrUbmn 100
cnM YnRKab; BCU EdlduHGRtadMNuH =
cMnYnRKab; BUCEdl)andak; kg fas
Ca]TahrN_ebImanRKab;BUC 86 kgcMeNamRKab;BUCTaMg 100 RKab; duHBnk kgryeBl10f eFIV[
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
93/112
81
=86
86 100GRtadNM uHeRkay 10 f =
1006>6>3 kareFetsPaBsatrbsRKabBCRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBx29 PaBminsat bsarFatuepSgenAlayLMkgRKab;BCRsvedIm,Ivas;kMNt;PaBsatnRKab;BUC RtUv
1>eRCIsyksMNakRKab;BUC Tmn;100 Rkam .2>fwgsMNakenaH k .3>EjkecjnUvsarFatulayLM dUcCaRKab;esA RKab;dMNaMepSgnigsMram .4>fwgsarFatulayLMxagelI x .5>KNnaGRtaRKab;esA b GRtaminsat tamrUbmn
100
Tmn ; esAcRgGRtaRKab; esAcRg =
Tmn;sNM aksrbu
100
Tmn ; nsarFateu pSg K GRtalayLM nsarFateu pSg =
Tmn;sNM aksrbu k 6>6>4 kareFetskNtPaBsTxagBCdUcEdl)anerobrab;BIxagedIm RKab;BUCmanKuNPaBl RtUvEtmanPaBsuTxagBUCx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
94/112
82
Edl)anrkeXIj xusKaxaMgBItme)aHBumeRCIsyksMNak 1 BIkgKMnrBUC tameKalkarN_cdn .2>eRCIsykRsUv 20 RKab; BIsMNakxagelI tameKalkarN_cdn .3>eRbIRbBayrUbTI 6>30bRbdab;BRgIkrUbftedIm,Ivas;vimaRtRKab;nImYy TaMg 20RKab;.
rbTI 6>30 RbBayvasRbEvg4>kt;RtavimaRtRKab;BUCEdlvas;eXIj kgtaragxageRkam
RKabBCRsv
TTg mIlIEm:Rt
beNaymIlIEm:Rt
1
23
4
5
6
7
8
9
1011
1213 1415
16
17
18
19
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
95/112
83
20srb
mFmsrub20
k x
5>eRbIrUbmnxageRkamedIm,IKNnapleFobbeNay nigTTWgRKab; RbEvgRKab;BCU mFm k
pleFobRbEvg nig TTgw RKab;=TTgw RKab;BCU mFm x
tYelxkgtaragTI 6>9nigtaragTI 6>10 bgajKMnitmYycMnYn sRmab;eFIVcMNat;fak;RKab;BUC .
taragTI 6>9 cNat;fak;RKab;BC eTAtambeNayrbsvacNatfak
beNay
1 EvgxaMg EvgCag 7>5 mIlIEm:Rt
3 Evg 6>6 -7>5 mIlIEm:Rt
5 mFm 5>51 -6>6 mIlIEm:Rt
7 xI esI bxICag 5>5 mIlIEm:Rt
taragTI 6>10 cNat;fak;RKab;BC eTAtamrbrag ngpleFobbeNay ngTTwgcNatfak
rbrag
pleFob
1 esIg
FMCag3>0
3 mFm
2>1 -3>0
5 Rkas;
1>1 -2>0
9 mUl tUcCag 1>16>6>5 Tmn 1000 RKab
viFImYyeTotedIm,Ivas;kMNt;PaBsuTxagBUC KWkMNt;Tmn; 1000 RKab; . Tmn;enHeRcInRtUv)aneKe)aHBum
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
96/112
84
1>eRCIsyksMNak 1 BIKMnrb)avRKab;BUC tameKalkarN_cdn.2>rab;ykRsUv 1000 RKab; edayykRKab;min)ak;Ebkb xUcxatBIsMNakxagelI .3>fwgRsUvBUCTaMg 1000 RKab;enaH .
6>7 sMNYrGMBIKuNPaBRsUvGgrsUmKUsenAelIRbGb;cemIysmRsb .sNrT 1 etIKuNPaBRsUvGgrCaGIV ?lkNrUbsas niglkNKImI eTAtamcMNUlcitrbs;GkeRbIR)as; .lkNKuNPaBEdlkMNt;edayGklk;dUrRsUvGgr .rsCatiRsUvGgr .kRmitcMNat;fak; EdlmansresrelI)av bkBab; .
sNrT 2 etIKuNPaBRsUvGgrEtgRtUv)aneKkMNt;tamrebobNa ?edayGklk;dUrRsUvGgr nigmas;m:asIunkinRsUv .edaykareFIVetslkNKuNPaB ehIyeRbobeFobCamYysg;dar bRsUvGgrepSgeTot .edayRbFanPUmi .
edayviTasanRsavRCavdMNaMRsUvGnrCati bsabnCatinana .sNrT 3 etIRsUvGgrmanKuNPaBx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
97/112
85
rUbrag .rsCati .RKab;eRbH bRsaM .BN .sNrT 6 etIvimaRtRKab;nigTmn;1000 RKab; CalkNKuNPaBGIVrbs;RsUv ?GRtasMeNIm.PaBsuTxagBUC .brimaNsMramlayLMkgsMNak.PaKrynRKab;RsUveRbHRsaM .PaKrynRKab;enAesIrTwk.PaKrynRKab;ERbBN .
sNrT 7 PaBsatnRsUv EtgRtUv)aneKkMNt;edayKitGMBIbrimaNn> > > > > > > > > > enAlayLM.kemccMebIg .RkYs.RKab;esA .FUlIdI .sMram .
sNrT 8 GRtasMeNImRsUvsmRsbsRmab;karkinKW 20 -24.RtwmRtUv .minRtwmRtUv .
sNrT 9 viFILsmtpl;lTplGRtasMeNImEdlKYr[TukcitCageK .RtwmRtUv .minRtwmRtUv .
sNrT 10 karvas;kMNt;vimaRtRKab; edIm,IkMNt;PaBsuTxagBUC KWCakarcaM)ac; BIeRBaHkarmanBUCeRcInkgRsUveFIV[ > > > > > > >
fycuHsmtPaBkinrbs;m:asIunkinRsUv .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
98/112
86
Ggr)ak;excRKab;eRcIn .fycuHGRtasMeNImrbs;RsUv .fycuHGRtaGgrEdlkin)an .fycuHGRtaGgredIm .sNrT11 RbsinebITmn;RsUv 1000 RKab; RsalCagtYelxEdleK)an e)aHBum
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
99/112
87
eFIV[ekIneLIgtmGgr.maneBlxH RtUv)aneKykeTAkinCaemSA .KWCakemctUcnGgr)ak;EdlbnSl;TukedaykarkinRsUv .maneBlxHRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;CavtFatuedImkgkarplitRsaebo .sNrT 16 sPaBdUcdI sman\TiBldl;KuNPaB)ay .RtwmRtUv .minRtwmRtUv .
sNrT 17 GgrRkhm b rnuk kalNamanRsTab; > > > > > > > > >> > > > > > enAetagCab; bnab;BIkin .sNrT 18 etIBakTaMgLayxageRkamNaxHCalkNKImIrbs;Ggr ?
sItuNPaB.Gel consistency .Gelatinization temperature .Amylose content .GRtasMeNIm.
sNrT 19 etI Amylose content eFIV[b:HBal;dl;GIV ?sPaBsit bsVit.ryeBlcmin .gaypuy bsVit.
sNrT 20 Gel consistencyeFIV[b:HBal;dl;PaBpuy bsVitn)ay .RtwmRtUv .minRtwmRtUv .
sNrT 21 etIlkNKImIxageRkamNaxH eFIV[b:HBal;dl;ryeBlcmin ?Gel consistency .sItuNPaBGelatinization .Amylose content .
sNrT 22 kareRbIRKab;BUCmanKuNPaBl GaceFIV[TinplekIneLIg 5 -20 .
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
100/112
88
RtwmRtUv .minRtwmRtUv .sNrT 23 KuNPaBRKab;BUCGaRsynwglkxNrUbsaRs EdledImemrbs;vaRtUv)andak;[rg bqgkat; kgdMNak;kallUtlas; kdUcCakarRbmUlpl karRKb;RKgpl karTukdak; nigkardaMduH .
RtwmRtUv .minRtwmRtUv .sNrT 24RKab;BUCmanKuNPaBx
-
7/27/2019 Rice Postharvest Technology (E-learning manual)
101/112
89
karkat;dMNaM .karykecjnUvedImPaKtic.
7 - esckIsegb
7>1 karRKb;RKg eRkayRbmUlpl
karRKb;RKgenAeRkayeBlRbmUlpl KWCakarRKb;RKgRsUvGgr cab;BIeBlRcUtkat;rhUtdl;eBlEdlplitplenHRtUv)aneRbIR)as; blk;enAelITIpSar . kicRbtibtinanaenAkgRbBnenHrYmman
-karRcUtkat; .-kare)akEbn .-karsMGat.-karhalsmt .-karTukdak; .-karkinRsUv .
7>