L.O: REVIEW IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY AND METAMORPHIC ROCKS

ROCKS: PIECES OF THE LITHOSPHERE (SOLID PART OF EARTH) MADE OF MINERALS

THERE ARE THREE KINDS OF ROCKS: IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY AND

METAMORPHIC ROCK.

ROCKS ARE CLASSIFIED (GROUPED) BY HOW THEY FORMED

• IGNEOUS ROCKS: formed when MOLTEN ROCK (magna/lava) cools and solidifies.

• SEDIMENTARY ROCK: FORMED FROM THE COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION OF SEDIMENT (ROCK) PARTICLES.

• METAMORPHIC ROCK: FORMED BY HEAT AND PRESSURE APPLIED TO EXISTING ROCKS.

IGNEOUS ROCKS

IGNEOUS ROCKS: FORMED BY THE SOLIDIFICATION & CRYSTALIZATION OF MOLTEN ROCK

IGNEOUS ROCKS: formed when MOLTEN ROCK (magna/lava) cools and solidifies.

Mineral crystals form as the molten rock cools.

Intrusive igneous rocks versus extrusive igneous rocks

Intrusive igneous rocks:

When MAGMA coolsVEEEERRRRYYY SLOOOOWLY INSIDE the earth, the igneous rocks formed are called

INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS.

Intrusive igneous rocks have:

LARGE CRYSTALS AND COARSE OR VERY COARSE TEXTURE.

extrusive igneous rocks:

When LAVA cools VERY VERY QUICKLY OUTSIDE the Earth FROM OUT OF A VOLCANO, the igneous rocks

formed are called EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS.

EXtrusive igneous rocks have:

SMALL CRYSTALS OR LOOK LIKE BLACK GLASS (NO CRYSTALS). HAVE FINE TEXTURE OR GLASSY TEXTURE.

MAFIC IGNEOUS ROCKS VERSUS FELSIC IGENEOUS ROCKS.

MAFIC IGNEOUS ROCKS VERSUS FELSIC IGENEOUS ROCKS.

• ROCKS are made of minerals.• Rocks made from dark, high density minerals (iron

(Fe) & magnesium(Mg) ) are MAFIC.

• Rocks made from light color, low density minerals

( Feldspar, silicon and aluminum ) are FELSIC.

YOU MUST BE ABLE TO USE ESRT PAGE 6 to identify igneous rocks.

All the igneous rocks that you might see the regents are the ones below:

Now turn to page 81 of your green work book complete the questions.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK:

SEDIMENTARY ROCK: almost always form in a water environment from THE COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION OF SEDIMENT (ROCK) PARTICLES.

Sediment (rock particles) get deposited, buried, compacted and cemented together. Fossils are

usually only found in sedimentary rocks.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK: formed from THE COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION OF

SEDIMENT (ROCK) PARTICLES.

Turn to ESRT page 7: these are the only possible sedimentary rocks you MAY see

Turn to page 89 of your green workbook complete the typical sedimentary rocks

questions.

METAMORPHIC ROCK:

METAMORPHIC ROCK: FORMED BY HEAT AND PRESSURE APPLIED TO EXISTING ROCKS.

There are two types of metamorphism: regional and contact

Regional metamorphism: metamorphic rock formed deep underground by heat and pressure.

contact metamorphism: metamorphic rock formed when the heat of magma/lava touches rocks.

Foliated metamorphic rocks: minerals are aligned in thick bands.

DISTORTED BANDING IN METAMORPHIC ROCK

ESRT PAGE 8 SHOWS THE SCHEME TO ID METAMORPHIC ROCKS.

NOW COMPLETE PAGE 96 ON METAMORPHIC ROCKS.

THE ROCK CYCLE: THROUGH GEOLOGICAL FORCES, ROCKS CAN TRANSFORM INTO EACH

OTHER.

COMPLETE PAGE 78.