Ch. 5Ch. 5Sec. Sec. 55Read Read pgs. pgs. 160-160-162162

The word "metamorphic"

comes from Greek and

means “to change

form".

Collisions between Earth’s plates push rock down toward the mantle.

Earth’s plates

Heat & pressureHeat & pressure deep beneath Earth’s surface

can changechange any rock into metamorphic rock.

form from:igneous

sedimentary other metamorphic

rock

classified by arrangement of grains1. foliated2. nonfoliated

grains arranged in parallel layers or bands- heat & pressure flatten crystals

foliated

Examples:

foliated- walking single file

grains arranged randomlynonfoliated

Examples:

Figure out foliation! Try this experiment to figure out how minerals

become oriented when a rock is under pressure.

1. Add mica flakes to a piece of play dough. The dough will represent a rock undergoing metamorphism.

2. Knead the dough until the mica flakes are well-incorporated roll your dough into a ball.

3. Break the ball of dough in half. The flakes will be oriented in all different directions just as they would be in an unmetamorphised rock.

4. Take one half of the ball and flatten it with the palm of your hand. The pressure that you are applying to the dough is like the pressure placed on our rocky Earth by the forces of plate tectonics.

5. Break the flattened dough in half and look at what has happened to the mica flakes!

It’s gneiss not to be taken for granite anymore!

sandstone quartzite

• The weakly cemented quartz particles in the sandstone recrystallize to form quartzite.

limestone marble

Video Clip-Metamorphic Rock

Uses of metamorphic

rocks:

marble - used to build buildings & statues

•fine, even grain

•can be cut into thin slabs or carved into many shapes

•easy to polish

slate-•used for flooring, chalkboards

•foliated- splits easily into flat surfaces

What does metamorphic

mean?

The word "metamorphi

c" comes from Greek and means “to change

form".

Where and under what conditions

are metamorphic rocks formed?

Heat & pressureHeat & pressure deep beneath Earth’s surface

can changechange any rock into metamorphic rock.

What characteristic of

metamorphic rocks do geologist

use to classify them?

Geologists classify metamorphic rocks by the arrangement of their grains.1. foliated2. nonfoliated

How does a foliated

metamorphic rock form?

A foliated metamorphic rock is formed when heat and pressure flatten the

crystals in the rock.

Which of these rocks is foliated? How can you tell?

Quartzite

The grains in a foliated rock are arranged in parallel layers or bands.

foliated- walking single file

What is the main use of metamorphic rocks?

• The main use of metamorphic rocks is for building and sculpture.

Which might be more useful for carving chess pieces-marble or

slate? Explain your answer.• Marble would be more

useful for carving chess pieces because marble can be carved into many shapes and be easily polished.

Activity-A Sequined Rock1. Make three balls of clay about 3 cm in diameter. Gently mix

about 25 sequins into one ball.2. Use a 30-cm piece of string to cut the ball in half. How are

the sequins arranged?3. Roll the clay with the sequins back into a ball. Stack the three

balls with the sequin ball in the middle. Set these on a block of wood. With another block of wood, press slowly down until the stack is about 3 cm high.

4. Use the string to cut the stack in half. How are the sequins arranged?

5. Making Models What do the sequins in your model rock represent? Is this rock foliated or nonfoliated?