Review for Final in ISQS Review for Final in ISQS 53435343

Final will take place:Final will take place:

Friday, August 9, 2013, Friday, August 9, 2013,

11:00 am – 1:30 pm, this room11:00 am – 1:30 pm, this room

FormatFormat

85 multiple choice worth 50%85 multiple choice worth 50%• 30 of these are from previous segments of the 30 of these are from previous segments of the

coursecourse 5 discussion problems worth 50%5 discussion problems worth 50%

• All of these will be taken from project All of these will be taken from project managementmanagement

exam is closed notes/closed exam is closed notes/closed bookbook

Exam will be comprehensiveExam will be comprehensive

BringBring

PencilsPencils CalculatorCalculator Orange Scantron sheetOrange Scantron sheet

ContentContent We have covered Chapters We have covered Chapters

2,3,4,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,152,3,4,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 material on project managementmaterial on project management Goldratt’s Critical ChainGoldratt’s Critical Chain 3/4ths of the test material will 3/4ths of the test material will

come from the last fourth of the come from the last fourth of the course—course—

Possible Discussion Possible Discussion QuestionsQuestions

Name ten characteristics of a projectName ten characteristics of a project Successful project management entails Successful project management entails

what exactlywhat exactly Name four stages of the project lifecycleName four stages of the project lifecycle

• Show their sequenceShow their sequence Why is project management importantWhy is project management important Name four core knowledge areasName four core knowledge areas Name four facilitating knowledge areasName four facilitating knowledge areas

More discussion questionsMore discussion questions

What is the ninth knowledge area and What is the ninth knowledge area and what is its purposewhat is its purpose

Name some things we do poorly in projectsName some things we do poorly in projects What term do we use to describe an event What term do we use to describe an event

at which a major deliverable is completed?at which a major deliverable is completed? What device or construct is often used to What device or construct is often used to

initiate a project?initiate a project? What steps are used to launch critical What steps are used to launch critical

chain project management?chain project management?

Typical discussion Typical discussion problemsproblems

Construct an activity on node network Construct an activity on node network chart from a table; Determine duration, chart from a table; Determine duration, ES, EF, LS, LF and mark the critical pathES, EF, LS, LF and mark the critical path

Perform earned value analysis:BCWP, Perform earned value analysis:BCWP, BCWS, ACWP, CV,SV///EV, PV, AC, CI, SIBCWS, ACWP, CV,SV///EV, PV, AC, CI, SI

Perform crashing of networksPerform crashing of networks

Why has Project Why has Project Management become so Management become so in-vogue?in-vogue?

Diversity of new products and product markets

Shorter life span of products Rapid technological changes

What are the major What are the major reasons for project failure?reasons for project failure?

Inadequate conceptualization and Inadequate conceptualization and definitiondefinition• Specifically, inadequate requirementsSpecifically, inadequate requirements

Absence of a planAbsence of a plan Unavailable resources when neededUnavailable resources when needed Scope and hope creepScope and hope creep Unresponsive contractors who Unresponsive contractors who

deliver their product latedeliver their product late

What are the four stages What are the four stages of the project lifecycle?of the project lifecycle?

Conceptualization and DefinitionConceptualization and Definition Planning and BudgetingPlanning and Budgeting Execution and ControlExecution and Control Termination and closureTermination and closure

In which of these stages is In which of these stages is a WBS started?a WBS started?

Conceptualization and DefinitionConceptualization and Definition• First 3 levelsFirst 3 levels

{The WBS is usually finished in the {The WBS is usually finished in the Planning and Budgeting stage}Planning and Budgeting stage}

What are the nine What are the nine knowledge areas?knowledge areas?

Scope managementScope management Time managementTime management Cost managementCost management Quality Quality

managementmanagement

Integration Integration managementmanagement

Risk managementRisk management Procurement Procurement

managementmanagement Human resource Human resource

managementmanagement Communications Communications

managementmanagement

In which stage is scope In which stage is scope management most management most important?important?

The first stage: Conceptualization and The first stage: Conceptualization and Definition Definition

In which stage should the WBS be In which stage should the WBS be started? Is should be completed in started? Is should be completed in the second stage—Planning and the second stage—Planning and BudgetingBudgeting

In which stage should crashing be In which stage should crashing be done?—second stage, at the enddone?—second stage, at the end

‘‘Define activities’ is ___Define activities’ is ___

a subprojecta subproject a processa process a problema problem a plana plan

WHICH???WHICH???

‘‘Define activities’ is part of Define activities’ is part of what knowledge area?what knowledge area?

Time managementTime management

Project Scope Project Scope Management ProcessesManagement Processes

Collect RequirementsCollect Requirements Define ScopeDefine Scope Create WBSCreate WBS Verify ScopeVerify Scope Control ScopeControl Scope

Project Time Management Project Time Management ProcessesProcesses

Define ActivitiesDefine Activities Sequence ActivitiesSequence Activities Estimate Activity ResourcesEstimate Activity Resources Estimate Activity DurationsEstimate Activity Durations Develop ScheduleDevelop Schedule Control ScheduleControl Schedule

Project Cost Management Project Cost Management ProcessesProcesses

Estimate CostsEstimate Costs Determine BudgetDetermine Budget Control CostsControl Costs

Project Quality Project Quality Management ProcessesManagement Processes

Plan QualityPlan Quality Perform Quality AssurancePerform Quality Assurance Perform Quality ControlPerform Quality Control

The main purpose of a The main purpose of a project plan is ____project plan is ____

acquire resourcesacquire resources

guide project guide project executionexecution..

meet standards expectations.meet standards expectations. reduce risk.

The most important The most important output of project output of project execution isexecution is

Work productsWork products Not---change requestsNot---change requests Not—the WBSNot—the WBS

The Principle…The Principle…

That work tends to fill up the time That work tends to fill up the time allotted to it is known as…..allotted to it is known as…..

Most core knowledge areas Most core knowledge areas have a have a

Planning processPlanning process

And aAnd a

Control processControl process

During the …During the …

Conceptualization and definition Conceptualization and definition stage, it is important that the stage, it is important that the project manager getproject manager get

What are the five steps of What are the five steps of the Theory of Constraints the Theory of Constraints (Goldratt)?(Goldratt)?

IDENTIFY the project constraint Decide how to EXPLOITE that

constraint SUBORDINATE everything to that

decision ELEVATE the system’s constraint Go back to step a

NOT…NOT…

SUBORIDNATE that decision to SUBORIDNATE that decision to everything elseeverything else

According to Goldratt…According to Goldratt…

Team players put too much ____ Team players put too much ____ into their estimated durationsinto their estimated durations

As Goldratt sees it, ….As Goldratt sees it, ….

The ultimate constraint in projects The ultimate constraint in projects is….is….

Which of the following does Which of the following does Goldratt regard as a positive Goldratt regard as a positive thingthing

SafetySafety MultitaskingMultitasking Student syndromeStudent syndrome Win/win contractingWin/win contracting None of the aboveNone of the above

An activity has probabilistic An activity has probabilistic completion times of 20, 50 completion times of 20, 50 and 80 for the optimistic, and 80 for the optimistic, most likely and pessimistic most likely and pessimistic durations.durations.What is the average time (duration) What is the average time (duration)

assuming a beta distribution?assuming a beta distribution? 3030 4040 5050 6060 7070

You should knowYou should know

How to construct a NETWORK How to construct a NETWORK chart from a tablechart from a table

How to construct a Gantt chart How to construct a Gantt chart from a tablefrom a table

How to perform NETWORK How to perform NETWORK crashing crashing

How to do EVAHow to do EVA

A work package…A work package…

Has $100,000 budgeted for itHas $100,000 budgeted for it Is 50% completeIs 50% complete What is its BCWP = EV??What is its BCWP = EV?? $30,000$30,000 $40,000$40,000 $50,000$50,000 $60,000$60,000

A task with a $10,000 budget A task with a $10,000 budget has a start date in the futurehas a start date in the future

Its BCWS isIts BCWS is• $0$0• $5,000$5,000• $10,000$10,000• Can’t be determinedCan’t be determined

A task with a $10,000 budget A task with a $10,000 budget has a stop date in the past.has a stop date in the past.

Its BCWS isIts BCWS is$0$0$5,000$5,000$10,000$10,000Can’t be determinedCan’t be determined

A task with a $10,000 budget A task with a $10,000 budget and a 6 day duration has just and a 6 day duration has just finished day 3finished day 3

Its BCWS isIts BCWS is$0$0$5,000$5,000$10,000$10,000Can’t be determinedCan’t be determined

A task has a budget of A task has a budget of $20,000 and a scheduled $20,000 and a scheduled duration of 5 daysduration of 5 days

What is its daily burn rate?What is its daily burn rate? If the project is 20% complete what is If the project is 20% complete what is

its BCWP?its BCWP? If day three has just transpired, what is If day three has just transpired, what is

the BCWS?the BCWS? What is the task’s SV (schedule What is the task’s SV (schedule

variance)variance) Is the task ahead or behind schedule???Is the task ahead or behind schedule???

Questions about MS Questions about MS ProjectProject

Which key for subordinationWhich key for subordination Which key for linkingWhich key for linking How to view project duration and How to view project duration and

cost on the project information cost on the project information dialog boxdialog box

How to see all of the activity costsHow to see all of the activity costs

For MS Project to cost your For MS Project to cost your project, it needs to knowproject, it needs to know

Resource hourly costsResource hourly costs Activity fixed costsActivity fixed costs THIS IS ALLTHIS IS ALL

In MS Project, In MS Project, durations/costs of phases durations/costs of phases (summary tasks) …..(summary tasks) …..

Containing one or more Containing one or more subordinate tasks can be specified subordinate tasks can be specified only by MS Projectonly by MS Project

Task info is entered in Task info is entered in which view of MS Project, which view of MS Project, usually??usually??

The Gantt view, using the entry The Gantt view, using the entry tabletable

When using the standard When using the standard calendar, MS Project calendar, MS Project assumes assumes

8-hour work days8-hour work days No work on Sat or SunNo work on Sat or Sun

Questions over Questions over CRITICAL CRITICAL CHAINCHAIN

Major conclusions, Major conclusions, recommendationsrecommendations

Goldratt’s view of EVAGoldratt’s view of EVA What to MeasureWhat to Measure What to Focus onWhat to Focus on

More Questions on More Questions on CRITICAL CHAINCRITICAL CHAIN

To avoid non critical paths from To avoid non critical paths from becoming critical you should…becoming critical you should…

Critical chain is the sequence of Critical chain is the sequence of tasks performed by key persons tasks performed by key persons both on and off the critical pathboth on and off the critical path

Measurements shouldMeasurements should

Induce the parts to always do what Induce the parts to always do what is good for the system as a wholeis good for the system as a whole

Why does Goldratt not like Why does Goldratt not like BCWP, BCWS, ACWP?BCWP, BCWS, ACWP?

Because they have no sensitivity Because they have no sensitivity to the critical pathto the critical path

If you have a task on the If you have a task on the critical path and …..critical path and …..

Your time to complete that task Your time to complete that task has arrived, then Goldratt has arrived, then Goldratt

recommends recommends that you drop that you drop everything and just everything and just focus on that task until focus on that task until you get it done!!you get it done!!

Notes on shortening Notes on shortening project durationsproject durations

This should be done in the Planning and This should be done in the Planning and Budgeting stageBudgeting stage

CrashingCrashing• Reducing the duration of tasks on the critical pathReducing the duration of tasks on the critical path

Fast-trackingFast-tracking• Starting tasks soonerStarting tasks sooner

Adding resources??Adding resources?? Checking for parallelism opportunities in the Checking for parallelism opportunities in the

scheduleschedule• Pull as much work off of the critical path as you Pull as much work off of the critical path as you

cancan

More Tips on shortening More Tips on shortening project durationsproject durations

REUSE, REUSE, REUSEREUSE, REUSE, REUSE Do it right the first timeDo it right the first time Avoid changes to requirementsAvoid changes to requirements

More techniques for More techniques for shortening projectsshortening projects

Scrub the requirementsScrub the requirements• Remove from the requirements those items that Remove from the requirements those items that

add little or no valueadd little or no value• Remember the Pareto principle—80% of the Remember the Pareto principle—80% of the

value comes from 20% of the functionalityvalue comes from 20% of the functionality

Do everything right the first time Do everything right the first time (AGAIN)(AGAIN)

REMOVE SAFETY--REMOVE SAFETY--GOLDRATTGOLDRATT

For each chapter….For each chapter….

Skim the chapterSkim the chapter Examine the SUMMARY and the Examine the SUMMARY and the

SUMMARY OF KEY TERMS SUMMARY OF KEY TERMS SECTIONS at the end of each SECTIONS at the end of each chapterchapter

Chapter 2: Operations Chapter 2: Operations StrategyStrategy

Know the four operation typesKnow the four operation types Know the three types of make-toKnow the three types of make-to Know the difference between core Know the difference between core

competencies and support competencies and support competenciescompetencies

Chapter 3: Quality Chapter 3: Quality ManagementManagement

Name three quality gurusName three quality gurus Describe the relationship between Describe the relationship between

TQM and continuous improvementTQM and continuous improvement Understand the costs of qualityUnderstand the costs of quality What is the relationship between What is the relationship between

quality and productivity?quality and productivity?• Remember the yield formula??Remember the yield formula??

Chapter 4: Statistical Chapter 4: Statistical Quality ControlQuality Control

Know p-charts, c-charts, xbar-Know p-charts, c-charts, xbar-charts, rbar-chartscharts, rbar-charts

Which of these are used for Which of these are used for attributes, which for variables?attributes, which for variables?

Will not test you on AOQ, LTPDWill not test you on AOQ, LTPD• {old antiquated concepts}{old antiquated concepts}

Chapter 6: Processes and Chapter 6: Processes and TechnologiesTechnologies

Quality Function DeploymentQuality Function Deployment

House of QualityHouse of Quality

Chapter 6, Cont’d: Chapter 6, Cont’d: Process Planning, Process Planning, Analysis…Analysis…

Process analysis, flowchartsProcess analysis, flowcharts• SYMBOLS: Operation, Inspect, SYMBOLS: Operation, Inspect,

Transport, Delay, StorageTransport, Delay, Storage Flexible Manufacturing Sys, Flexible Manufacturing Sys,

RoboticsRobotics IT: ExNETWORK Systems, Decision IT: ExNETWORK Systems, Decision

Support SystemsSupport Systems CIMCIM

Reengineering design Reengineering design principlesprinciples

Eliminate handoffsEliminate handoffs Organize around outputsOrganize around outputs Capture information once at the Capture information once at the

sourcesource Eliminate multiple external contact Eliminate multiple external contact

pointspoints Simplify workSimplify work

Chapter 10: Supply Chain Chapter 10: Supply Chain ManagementManagement

Logistics by any other nameLogistics by any other name IT IntegrationIT Integration The bane of SCM is ______?The bane of SCM is ______?

Chapter 13: Capacity Chapter 13: Capacity Planning & Aggregate Planning & Aggregate Production PlanningProduction Planning

Long-range planningLong-range planning Medium range planning—Medium range planning—

aggregate prod planningaggregate prod planning Short-range planningShort-range planning

Chapter 12: Inventory Chapter 12: Inventory ManagementManagement

Basic EOQ modelBasic EOQ model Basic re-order point modelBasic re-order point model All units price discountingAll units price discounting

Chapter 15: Just-in-time Chapter 15: Just-in-time and Lean Productionand Lean Production

Name five approaches to Name five approaches to leanness…leanness…

What does SMED mean?What does SMED mean? How can small lots be made How can small lots be made

economically effective?economically effective?

Chapter 14: Enterprise Chapter 14: Enterprise Resource PlanningResource Planning

ERP Implementation is _____ERP Implementation is _____ MRP assumes ________ demandMRP assumes ________ demand MRP is An ____________ systemMRP is An ____________ system Inputs to MRP: MPS, Inventory Master Inputs to MRP: MPS, Inventory Master

file, Bill of materials (product structure file, Bill of materials (product structure file)file)

Outputs: Purchase orders, shop ordersOutputs: Purchase orders, shop orders Taken by itself, is MRP at all sensitive Taken by itself, is MRP at all sensitive

to capacity??to capacity??

Chapter 9: Project Chapter 9: Project ManagementManagement

Probabilistic NETWORK—be able to Probabilistic NETWORK—be able to find the mean and standard deviation find the mean and standard deviation when given an optimistic, most likely when given an optimistic, most likely and pessimistic estimateand pessimistic estimate

BE able to calculate BE able to calculate project duration, project project duration, project variance for NETWORK variance for NETWORK project TASKSproject TASKS

Network diagrams, Network diagrams, drawn by commercial drawn by commercial softwaresoftware

Do they use Do they use •Activity-on-Node, or Activity-on-Node, or •Activity-on-Arrow Activity-on-Arrow representations?representations?

That’s all folksThat’s all folks

{I enjoyed having you as a class—{I enjoyed having you as a class—one of the better classes I’ve had)one of the better classes I’ve had)