Reverse Electrodialysis process with seawater and ... · Michele Tedesco Carmelo Scavuzzo, Andrea...
Transcript of Reverse Electrodialysis process with seawater and ... · Michele Tedesco Carmelo Scavuzzo, Andrea...
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Reverse Electrodialysis process with seawater and concentrated brines: a COMSOL model for equipment design
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica,
Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica (DICGIM)
Michele Tedesco
Carmelo Scavuzzo, Andrea Cipollina, Alessandro Tamburini, Giorgio Micale
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Outline
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 2/12
1. Introduction • Reverse Electrodialysis process • Modelling goals
2. Model development • System definition • Governing equations • Model calibration
3. Results
• Concentration profiles inside channels • Electric potential through the stack • Salt fluxes through membranes
4. Conclusions
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Reverse Electrodialysis Technology
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 3/12
1. Introduction
CATHODE
ANODE
e-
e-
ELECTRODE RINSE
C D C
+ + - -
I, J+
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Investigated physics
Modelling goals
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 4/12
1. Introduction
Mass transport through membranes
Transport of electrolytes
Electrochemical reaction
Fluid dynamics
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Model assumptions:
System definition and model assumptions
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 5/12
2. Modelling
• Empty channels
• NaCl aqueous solutions
• Negligible solvent flux through membranes
• Adopting Nernst-Planck equation
• Activity coefficients equal to unity
• Adopting Einstein relation for ion diffusion coefficient
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Governing equations
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 6/12
2. Modelling
• Laminar flow for Newtonian fluid:
• Transport equation through solutions (Nernst-Planck model):
• Electrode kinetics (Butler-Volmer theory):
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0 50 100 150 200
Po
we
r d
en
sit
y (
W/m
2c
ell
pa
ir)
current density, i (A/m2)
0.1 M
0.3 M
0.5 M
diluateconcentration
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Cell
pair
Res
ista
nc
e, R
cell
( 1
03Ω
*m2)
Co-ion permeability coefficient, DCou
( 1010 m2/s)
experimental
model
Model tuning/validation
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 7/12
2. Modelling
Experimental data collected with a 50 cell pairs stack, Fujifilm membranes, Deukum 270 µm spacers. Brine: 5 M NaCl. T=20°C. Fluid velocity: 1 cm/s.
0
20
40
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0 20 40 60 80 100
Op
en
Cir
cu
it V
olt
ag
e, O
CV
(mV
)
Permeability coeff ratio, Dcounter/Dcou (-)
experimental
model
Model tuning
on OCV
Model validation
Model tuning
on cell resistance
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Concentration profiles along channels
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 8/12
3. Results
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Electric potential through the stack
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 9/12
3. Results
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Salt fluxes through membranes
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 10/12
3. Results
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Next steps
Conclusions
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 11/12
4. Conclusions
Model validated on experimental data under different conditions
Simplified approach to simulate both fluid dynamics/electrochemical
phenomena
• Activity coefficients evaluation
• Mechanical analysis on membranes
• Description of Donnan Potentials across membranes
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1. Introduction
4. Conclusions
2. Modelling
3. Results
Acknowledgments
RED process with seawater and concentrated brines – COMSOL Conference Rotterdam 2013 12/12
www.reapower.eu
Project title: Reverse Electrodialysis Alternative Power Production
Call identifier: FP7-ENERGY-2010-FET
(Future Emerging Technologies for Energy Applications)
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Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica,
Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica (DICGIM)
Thank you for your attention
Michele Tedesco