Retrofitting Suburbs Lund
Transcript of Retrofitting Suburbs Lund
Retrofitting Suburbs
Ellen Dunham-Jones Director, Architecture Program Georgia Institute of Technology Guest Professor, Lund University
Where will half again as many people live and work in 2050?
The suburban good life
…. in Nanjing and Idaho
Duany Plater-Zyberk Retrofits: Apollo Beach strip mall, Mashpee Commons Shopping Center
Liner strategies
Scrape and re-build
The Congress for the New Urbanism views the disinvestment in central cities, thespread of placeless sprawl, increasing separation by race and income,environmental deterioration, loss of agricultural lands and wilderness, and theerosion of society’s built heritage as one inter-related community buildingchallenge.
We stand for the restoration of existing urban centers and towns within coherentmetropolitan regions, the reconfiguration of sprawling suburbs into communities ofreal neighborhoods and diverse districts, the conservation of natural environments,and the preservation of our built legacy.
www.cnu.org
Conditions driving suburban retrofits• Aging, out-of-date properties, often in first-ring suburbs
•Fear of blight trumps NIMBYs and triggers public-private partnerships, TIFs, etc.
• Booming new agglomerations, often in Edge Cities, or “Edgeless Cities”•Concern over traffic and air quality,triggers TODs, transit,and market for more “intown” locations replacing“underperforming asphalt” with mixed-use
• Changing economic identity of the suburbs and desire for distinction•The “bedroom suburbs”, peripheral to the core city, have become economic engines in their own right
• Changing demographics and markets•Growing market for more urban housing types and places
•Smart Growth practices and policies•Especially, the arrival of transit and the need for affordable housing
Winter Park Mall Mall Retrofit Strategies North Hillsborough CountyDover Kohl & Partners with - Decide what to keep and scrape Duany Plater-Zyberk & CoGlatting Jackson - Connect neighboring streets through the site
- Line new Main street with trees and new buildings - Establish secondary streets, blocks and public spaces - Phase in structured parking and perimeter block buildings
Mizner Park, Boca Raton, FL; Cooper Carry Architect, 1990From dead mall to mixed-use downtown
Belmar, Lakewood,CO From dead mall to downtownContinuum Partners, Elkus Manfredi, Van Meter Williams Pollack
Surrey Central City, Surrey, (Vancouver) British, ColumbiaFrom dated mall to mall + university + office towerfocused on central plaza and atriumBing Thom Architects, Inc
Downtown Kendall, Miami, FLFrom thriving mall and office park to downtownTransit-oriented-developmentDover, Kohl & Partners, Duany Plater-Zyberk& Company
Town Square: the heart of the newKendall community, overlooked by multi-story mixed-use and civic buildings
Snapper Creek Canal: Before and After
Dadeland Boulevard: Before and After construction images
Demographic Drivers of Suburban Retrofits
Population growth• U.S. population in 2050 is expected to be half again what it was in 2000• By 2030, half of the buildings in the U.S. will have been built since 2000
Rise in single households (even and especially in the suburbs)
• Aging Population• The percentage of Americans over age 65 will double by 2050
•AARP reports that 71% of older households want to live withinwalking distance of transit
• Echo-Boomers
• Almost as large as the baby boomers, they are just entering thehousing market, and are the emergent “creative class”
Ethnic diversification of suburban households• Racial minorities now make up more than a quarter of the suburbanpopulation, up from 19% in 1990
• In a 2004 survey conducted for Smart Growth America and the NationalAssociation of Realtors, African Americans were more than three times aslikely to pick the “smart growth” community over the “sprawl” choice withlarger lots (78% to 22%.) Hispanics chose the smart growth choice 57%of the time, while Caucasians were split 50/50
University Town Center, Hyattsville, MDEdward Durrell Stone, RTKL, WGA
From office park to mixed-use center
“Upper Rock”, Rockville, MD, Duany Plater-Zyberk & Co, 2004From office park to “green” 20-acre live-work neighborhood
Upper Rock (before and after)
Twinbrook Commons, Rockville, MD Torti Gallas CHKFrom Park n’ Ride to TOD
Tools at the Project Scale
-public spaces, public realm
-liner buildings
-adding density to older under-parked sites
-selling roof rights
-re-zoning
-form-based codes
-Tax Increment Financing
-Location Efficient Mortgages
-Health Impact Assessment
Tribeca Housing, Seattle, WA: The Sienna ArchitectureCompany. Selling roof rights to promote vertical mixed-use
Mixed-Use Nodal Pulsing along Arterials Partial plan of the Atlanta ARC’s LCI locations
Palm Canyon Drive, Cathedral City, CA; Freedman, Tung & BottomleyFrom commercial strip to boulevard node
7th Avenue Pedestrian Amenities, Phoenix, AZ; Darren Petrucci
Branding the strip while providing shade and bus stops for pedestrians
Buford Highway Redevelopment: Doraville, GA; Michael Gamble and Jude LeBlanc, Georgia TechFrom 6-lane death trap to healthier, walkable system
Boulder, Colorado
Projects resulting from shift fromSuburban Codes to Urban Codes
North Boulder Pre-development aerial view
Wiffleball Court, Los Angeles(documented by Roger Sherman)Infilling the wedge of space between cul-de-sac houses with a communal wiffleball court
Recent publications on retrofitting suburbs
For more info go to www.cnu.org
• The percentage of Americans over age 65 will double by2050
•AARP reports that 71% of older households want to livewithin walking distance of transit
•Racial minorities now make up more than a quarter of thesuburban population, up from 19% in 1990
•In the 2004 American Community Survey conducted forSmart Growth America and the National Association ofRealtors, African Americans were more than three timesas likely to pick the “smart growth” community over the“sprawl” choice with larger lots (78% to 22%.) Hispanicschose the smart growth choice 57% of the time, whileCaucasians were split 50/50