GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-1

RESOURCES AND

DEVELOPMENT

MADE BY- ANSH MEHTA

Holiday Homework

WHAT IS A RESOURCE???

Everything available in our

environment and which satisfy our

needs

It should be

1.) Technologically

accessible

2.) Culturally acceptable

3.) Economically feasible

Like - Solar Cooker – It is technologically accessible but not culturally acceptable

CLASSIFICATION OF RESOURCES

ORIGIN EXHAUSTIBILITY

OWNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT

Classification of resources on the

basis of

RESOURCES-ORIGIN

• Obtained from Biosphere and have Life

• Examples- Flora, Fauna, Fisheries, Livestock, Human Beings

BIOTIC

• All the things which are Composed of Non Living Things

• Examples- Rocks, Metals

ABIOTIC

RESOURCES-EXHAUSTIBILITY

Resources on the basis of Exhaustibility

Renewable

These resources can be renewed/recycled.

For Example

Solar and Water Energy, Forests etc.

Further Divided into

Continuous- Water and Wind

Flow-Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Non Renewable

These resources cannot be renewed as they take million

years to form.

For Example

Minerals, Fossil Fuels.

RESOURCES-

OWNERSHIP

INDIV

IDUAL • The

resources which are owned privately by individuals.

• Example-Mobiles, Land.

COMMUNITY • The which

resources are accessible to all members of the society.

• Example-Public Parks, Playgrounds.

NATIONAL

• The resources which belongs to the government.

• Technically all resources belong to the nation.

• Example-Roads, Oceanic area up to 19.2km.

INTERNATIONAL • The

resources belonging to international institutions.

• Example-Oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of the EEZ.

RESOURCES-STATUS OF

DEVELOPMENT

POTENTIAL

•Resources which are found in an region, but not have been utilized.

•Like Rajasthan and Gujarat have potential of solar and wind energy but not been used for some reasons.

DEVELOPED

•Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity is determined for utilization

•The development of resources depends on technology and level of their feasibility.

STOCK

•The resources which have potential to satisfy human needs but there is no technology to use are included among Stock.

•Like Water is a compound of Hydrogen and Oxygen which can be used as rich source of energy but there is technology to use it.

RESERVES

•They are subset of stock which can be use with existing technology but are conserved for the future generations.

•Like river water is used to a limited consent for generating electricity so that it can be used in future.

DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES

Development of Resources

Essential for future as

resources are limited in supply

Exploitation

Unequal Distribution

Ecological Problem

Scarcity of resources

Depletion of resources

LAND DEGRADATION

DEFORESTATION INDUSTRIAL WASTE OVERUSE OF

FERTILIZERS

QUARRYING OVERDRAZING MINING

LAND CONSERVATION

AfforestationPlanting

Shelterbelts

Checking Over

irrigation

Terrace Farming

RESOURCE PLANNING

IDENDIFYING INVENTORY OF

RESOURCES

ECONOMIC AND TECNOLOGICAL

EVOLUTION

MATCHING RESOURCE

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Resource Planning is widely accepted

strategy for judicious use of resources.

It has importance in a country like India which has enormous diversity

in resources

HOW IS RESOURCE PLANNING DONE???

SOIL AS A RESOURCE

Most important natural resource.

Medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organism on the earth.

Takes million of years to form soil up to a few cm in length.

FACTORS AFFECTING

FORMATION OF SOIL

Parent Rock Climate Vegetation

WindActivity of

DecompositionGlaciers

Organic and Inorganic Materials

Temperature

CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL

Colour Thickness

Chemical and Physical

PropertiesTexture-Age

Classification on the basis

of :-

ALLUVIAL

BLACK

RED

LATTERITE

ARID

FOREST

ALLUVIAL SOIL

Very Fertile

Formed by the deposit [Sand and

Silt] brought by the rivers

Found in Northern Plains, Coastal

Plains, Deltas of Rivers

Rice, Wheat, Cotton, Oil Seed

Rich in Potash and Lime

Deficiency in Nitrogen

BLACK SOIL

Black in ColourKnown as Regur Soil, Cotton Soil, Lava Soil

Made up of lava flow [Breaking down of

igneous rocks]

Found in Maharashtra, M.P, Chhattisgarh,

Godavari and Krishna Valleys

Good Capacity to hold moisture

Rich in Calcium Carbonate, Potash,

Lime

Deficiency in Phosphoric Content

Crack occurs when dry Sticky when wet

RED OR YELLOW SOIL

Porous Chores Found in Eastern

and Southern part of Deccan Plateau

Formed by the denudation of Igneous and

Metamorphic Rocks

Rice, Pulse, Sugar Cane

Rich in IronDeficiency in

Nitrogen, Humus, Lime

LATTERITE SOIL

Acidic Porous Leaching by Heavy Rainfall

Found in Western

Ghats, Shillong

Coffee, Rubber, Cashew

Rich in Iron Deficiency in Lime, Potash

ARID SOIL

Formed by Weathering of

Rocks Rich in Salt

Deficiency in Humus

Dates, Melon, Bajra

Rajasthan, Punjab, Gujrat

FOREST SOIL

Found in Rainforest and

Hilly areas

Acidic in Nature

Deficiency in Humus

SOIL EROSION

The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is

called SOIL EROSION.

• 1.) Human- Deforestation, Over Grazing etc.

• 2.) Natural- Wind, Glacier etcDue to Human and Natural

Factors

The processes of Soil Formation and Erosion go on

simultaneously and generally there is a balance b/w the two.

• 1.) Gully Erosion

• 2.) Sheet ErosionTypes :-

Contour Ploughing –

Ploughing around the contour lines to decelerate the flow of water down the slopes

Terrace Farming –

Cutting out the slopes and making terraces

Strip Cropping –

Strips of grass are left to grow b/w the crops. It breaks up the force of wind.

Planting Shelter Belts –

Planting lines of trees to create shelter.

THE END

RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

CLASS 10

GEO CHAPTER 1