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Transcript of Research Ojt
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
For the fulfillment of the requirement of Practicum 3, the 4 th year students of Bachelor of
Science in Computer Science were instructed to be applied on On-the-Job Training. Included on the said
training was a research project regarding the operations of the business they will be applied for.
The four Computer Science Students – Sherraine Aurellano, Miriam Jurado, Randy Tolentino &
Cyril Legria were applied in Philippine National Bank – Ortigas Branch. They were assigned at the
Accounting Department. Since their department was operational, the management decided to assign all
of them in one department. The usual tasks they were doing is to encode & print the abstract of their
total collections, compile and arrange the Deposit Application Form (DAF), Signature Cards (Sigcards) of
their clients, Xerox & scan their daily transactions including deposit slip, withdrawal slip, checks &
conversion slip, and also encoding of serial dollars used in the operation.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The main purpose of the students aside from being an On-the-Job Trainees is to conduct a
research study on how were their business operations.
Specifically, they sought to answer the following:
1. How effective are the employees of Philippine National Bank in terms of:
a. Work Performance b. Quality / Output of Work
c. Time Management d. Social / Human Relation
2. What is the operational Structure of the business?
3. How efficient & productive is the output of work of Accounting Department?
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
This operational research only focused on the issues inside the Accounting Department of
Philippine National Bank – Ortigas Branch where the trainees are involved. This study is conducted on
the first semester of the school year 2009 – 2010. It is also limited only to the varieties such as:
Employees Work Performance
Operational Structure of Accounting Department
Operation Effectiveness
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The Computer Science Students decided to apply as trainees under Accounting Department of
Philippine National Bank – Ortigas Branch. Their requirement is to fulfill the training 200 hours. The
total hours given was accomplished for 2 months. But for the accomplishment of the operations
research, the students should make a written output of their achievement & learning experiences
including their observation regarding the operation of Philippine National Bank – Ortigas.
The written output of their training signifies the fulfillment of all the requirements given to the
Computer Science Students enrolled for Practicum 3. The compilation of the output includes all data &
information gathered by the student trainees from Philippine National Bank – Ortigas regarding their
operations where the students are applied.
This Operation Research would be beneficial for both parties – the students & PNB. For without
the help of the latter, there will be no source of reference for the former. Besides the effort of the
students were also good benefits for the operations of the institution.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
DEPOSITE APPLICAION FORM (DAF) – an application form for depositors that used for future reference
of the bank
SIGNATURE CARDS (SIGCARD) – a small card where the signature of the customers appear, for identity
confirmation
ENCODE – To assign a code to represent data
EMPLOYEE - A person who is hired to provide services to a company on a regular basis in exchange for
compensation and who does not provide these services as part of an independent business.
TIME MANAGEMENT - is a set of principles, practices, skills, tools, and systems that work together to
help you get more value out of your time with the aim of improving the quality of your life.
HISTORY OF PNB
The Philippine National Bank was established as a government-owned banking institution on
July 22, 1916 with headquarters in the old Masonic Temple along Escolta, Manila. Its primary
mandate was to provide financial services to Philippine industry and agriculture and support
the government's economic development effort. World War I, then raging in Europe, generated
huge demand for the country's major exports namely: sugar, copra, coconut oil, Manila hemp
and tobacco. However, not much was being done to develop the industries that produced these
sought-after crops since access to credit facilities was limited then. To solve this problem,
Henderson Martin, Vice Governor of the Philippines, together with Mr. Miguel Cuaderno (who
later became Central Bank governor) drafted the charter for a national bank.
In February 4, 1916, Public Act 2612 was passed by the Philippine legislature providing for the
establishment of the PNB to replace the small P1 million government-owned Agricultural Bank.
PNB's first head office was the Masonic Temple along Escolta, the then "Wall Street of the
Philippines" in the bustling district of Sta. Cruz in Manila. An American, H. Parker Willis, was its
first president.
"The First Universal Bank in the country"
With PNB's establishment, Filipinos found a bank of their own. PNB was authorized to grant
short and long-term loans to agriculture and industry. The Filipino farmers then could avail of
loans with interest between 8% to 10% per annum. PNB was also authorized to receive
deposits, open foreign credits and rediscount bills. It was also given the special power to issue
circulating notes. As such, PNB functioned as the de facto Central Bank of the country until
1949. On July 24, 1916, PNB established its first branch in Iloilo.
In 1917, PNB marked its entry in the field of international banking when it opened its New York
Branch. The following year, it established five more domestic branches and another overseas
branch in Shanghai, China.
PNB briefly ceased operations in January 1942 but reopened the next month under the
supervision of Japanese authorities. After the Second World War, PNB reopened immediately
and acquired the assets and assumed the liabilities of the banking division of the National
Treasury.
With the establishment of the Central Bank in 1949, PNB's role as issuer of currency notes,
custodianship of bank reserves, sole depository of government funds and clearing house of the
banking system ceased.
MISSION AND VISION
Mission Statement
We are a leading, dynamic Filipino financial services group with a global presence committed to
delivering a whole range of quality products and services that will create value and enrich the
lives of our customers, employees, shareholders and the communities we serve.
Vision 2010 and Beyond
To be the most admired financial services organization in the country in terms of:
Financial performance – rank #1 or #2 in its businesses in terms of return on equity
Innovativeness – in products, services, distribution and the use of cutting-edge technology
Customer perception
The preferred financial services provider
The customer-centered organization with a passion for service excellence
Social responsibility – the employer of choice, a good corporate citizen and partner in nation-
building
Long-term vision – developing competitive advantage on a sustained basis by anticipating
changes in customer’s preferences and in the manner of doing business
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
FLEXCUBE – POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACT
FLEXCUBE enables banks to standardize, transform and optimize their business
processes. Banks can use FLEXCUBE to simplify and streamline processes, track and
administer complex multi-step transactions, efficiently distribute workload and improve
customer service by using predefined custom processes for different segments of
customers.
Banks can achieve competitive differentiation by developing innovative business
offerings and to fine tune their processes based on insight and measurement. The
release of FLEXCUBE enables banks to and accomplish this holistically.
FLEXCUBE provides users with dashboards to measure process performance and
identify bottlenecks for process improvement. The product serves Governance and Risk
& Compliance frameworks allowing institutions to be compliant with changing
regulations, monitor fraud and manage their risks .
The release of FLEXCUBE which offers wholesale banks for their cash, trade,
payments, treasury and lending and retail banks for their savings, deposits and loans
businesses. Other key features of this new release include SWIFT 2007 enhancements,
SwiftNET connectivity and comprehensive support for SEPA Payment Processing.
FLEXCUBE, since the first release of the application in 1997, offers users of their
software the ability to configure new products without any software code change. It
allows them to process these for multiple entities from a single-instance of the
application installed in the bank.
With rave reviews such as the rankings published in March 2003 by a trade
journal calling flexcube the best-selling banking software product in the world and with
so many arising success stories it is difficult to find the associated issues with flexcube.
However, users of flexcube complain about certain aspects of its functionality. One of
the biggest disadvantages with i-flex is that local developments are not handled by the
client but rather through India and includes additional license fee’s. T24, on the other
hand does, In addition to this, working with i-flex can become very frustrating as well
because of I-flex’s policy of only hiring Indian IT professionals. This can be cause issues
with countries requiring travel visa’s.
The implementation of flexcube can also be costly since the bank will be obliged to hire
professionals from Oracle. The few problems with flexcube can possibly be blamed on
the current economic situation regarding service exports and the political situation
involving travel between countries, regardless flexcube’s business model remains a
outstanding success.
DIMENSION OF HUMAN CONNECTIONS
Sociality is at the heart of human existence, a fact that has been acknowledged
as far back as Aristotle. Alfred Adler and Rudolf Dreikurs were among the first in the
twentieth century to develop theoretical perspectives on the topic, but only in the last
half-century has sociality been subject to vigorous theoretical and empirical study.
According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, relational and belonging needs are
superseded in importance only by survival and safety needs. Harry Harlow's study of
infant rhesus monkeys did not deny the importance of survival needs (i.e, food), but
showed that social contact is just as important for healthy growth and development.
Prompted by Konrad Lorenz's studies of imprinting and the plight of infants and young
children in Britain's post-World War II orphanages, John Bowlby (1973) showed that in
humans, too, maternal-child attachment bonds are essential for healthy growth and
development. Across the lifespan, affiliative and attachment bonds have clear survival
and reproductive advantages that may help explain why the motivation to form and
maintain close social bonds is as potent as the drive to satisfy hunger or thirst. Just as
hunger and thirst motivate the search for food and water, the pain of unmet social needs
(i.e., felt social isolation) motivates a search for social reconnection. The desire for
connection is so irrepressible that people imagine relationships with important social
others, or indulge in "social snacks" (e.g., photos of loved ones) and surrogates (e.g.,
parasocial attachments to television characters).
In earlier work, Louise Hawkley and I have found that mental representations of
feelings of social connectedness are multi-faceted. Quantitative analyses have revealed
three dimensions along which people feel socially connected, and this structure was
evident in young as well as middle-age adults and was the same across ethnicities. The
first dimension, which we termed Intimate Connectedness, reflects satisfaction of the
social self at a deeply personal level, and was uniquely associated with marital status.
Relational Connectedness reflects satisfaction of close friendship needs and was
uniquely associated with frequency of contact with close friends and relatives. Collective
Connectedness reflects satisfaction of the need to belong to a meaningful group and
was uniquely associated with number of memberships in voluntary groups. These
findings represented the first installment in our research on the ways people connect
with others.
Analysis of Internet Banking Issues
The banking industry has been significantly influenced by evolution of
technology, such as the use of internet (web). Internet adds another delivery channel to
the existing channels in banking system (ATMs, branches, and telephone). Internet
banking (IB) refers to the use of the Internet (web) as a remote delivery channel for
banking services, such as opening a deposit account or transferring funds at different
accounts etc. Further, IB is a desirable opportunity for banks, where the key to success
is customer adoption (Nelson and Richmond, 2007).
The evolution of internet banking has many advantages over traditional banking
delivery channels (Gan and Clemes, 2006). This includes an increased customer base,
cost savings, mass customization and product innovation, marketing and
communications, development of non-core businesses and the offering of services
regardless of geographic area and time (Giannakoudi, 1999). Further, the main
(economic) argument for adopting the Internet as a delivery channel is based on the
expected reduction in overhead expenses made possible by reducing and ultimately
eliminating physical branches and their associated costs such as staff and rent
(Hernando and Nieto, 2007).
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES
This chapter consists of methodology and questionnaires we used to conduct this research.
METHODOLOGY
Different methods of research must be acquired to meet a particular research and as
researchers, he/she must use a variety of methods for the fulfillment of the research. Enough time and
costs would be great help on the approach of the research and the appropriate subject of the research
itself should determine the methods used.
The student trainees used observational method as well as indirect interview to the employees
that helped them obtained the facts and information they needed with the said study. Observational
research is a common research method aimed at observing the relations of employees with their clients
including their work environment. On the other hand, indirect questions were asked to the employees
regarding the environment and work flow of the business.
Both methods used in this research were expected to give valuable information as well as
reliable and relevant data in return.
Chapter IV
This chapter deals with the Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data.
Effectiveness of Employees
Based on the observation and data gathered, it states that the effectiveness of the employees
was rated excellent under the following category:
a. WORK PERFORMANCE – work performance of each employee from rank-in-file up to the
managerial level were found to be outstanding. They work responsibly and effectively as a team.
b. TIME MANAGEMENT- punctuality of each employee is strictly observed. Each of them comes
earlier before banking hours. If some of them came late, the reason was beyond their help.
c. QUALITY OUTPUT OF WORK – since the department is operational, employees should present
quality output of daily transactions so that they will avoid repetitions of report. And in this
category, they are outstanding.
d. SOCIAL/HUMAN RELATIONS – working socially is also not an issue on the employees. They work
enthusiastically with their clients and also with their co-employees. There’s no competition or
rivalry with each of the employees. In fact, an ambience of a family is with them.
Operational Structure of the Business
The Philippine National Bank operational structure is good. They used Flexcube in their
authorization of transactions. Each of the employees has their own user I.D. and password.
Aside from having soft copies of their clients’ information, they also have printed copies of it.
Their transaction process is organized, from clients to Sales and Service Head. Problems seldom
occurred due to limited connection of Flexcube.
Output Efficiency and Productivity
Quality outputs are the result of the effectiveness of employees. In that case, efficiency and
productivity of work output is very good. They meet the Check Clearing everyday, regarding the
security of their checks. They used MS Excel in serializing dollars since it is printed right after the
serialization. They give their clients the satisfaction after the transactions.
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter deals with summary, conclusions and recommendations.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
QUESTION: How effective are the employees of Philippine National Bank in terms of work
performance?Time Management? Quality output of work? Social Relations?
Based on our observations, the effectiveness of the employees in the workplace under the
categories: Work Performance, Time Management, Quality Output of Work and Social Relations, were
rated excellent. They always come early before time. Human error was less because they are
knowledgeable on the works that were assigned on them. They are responsible enough to handle the
important and confidential things inside the bank. They are also sociable with their clients.
QUESTION: How is the operational Structure o0f the Business?
The operational structure of Philippine National Bank is rated outstanding. They have organized
transaction process once the clients enter the bank. Each of the clients was given a chance to wait for
their turn in a comfortable lobby. Pressure was not felt because of kind accommodation.
QUESTION: How efficient and productive is the output of work of Philippine National Bank (Ortigas )?
Efficiency and Productivity of Output in Philippine National Bank – Ortigas is average even if they
produce more outputs because of more clients on their daily transactions. They were not able to file it
as early as it has been processed. Filings of this said output is accomplished once they have vacant time
for it.
CONCLUSION
We can conclude that Philippine National Bank is advanced in terms of Management
Information System in handling important data from one client through their flexcube software. They
satisfy their clients by securing confidential information. Since the institution is a bank, each of the
employees has their own computer unit they also have database server to handle the data from
transactions.