Research and Application

Based Space Education

A.Rüstem ASLAN1), Rei KAWASHIMA2), M. Khalil IBRAHIM3)

1) Astronautical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

2) University Space Engineering Consortium, Tokyo, Japan

3) Department of Aerospace Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

aslanr@itu.edu.tr

Nagoya, Japan

10-13 October 2012

Decade of Education for

Sustainable Development (DESD)

• 12/2002, the UN GA resolution 57/254

a UN DESD, from 2005 to 2014.

• Basic vision: A world where everyone has

the opportunity to benefit from education

and learn the values, behaviors and

lifestyles required for a sustainable future

and for positive societal transformation.

Space Technologies

• contribute significantly to wealth creation

and quality of life, both directly and in

terms of technology spin-off to other

sectors.

• Increasing number of citizens involved in

space education and related work (cutting

edge technology) is of paramount

importance for the benefit and wealth of

world’s people.

CubeSats/NanoSats

• CubeSats made space within reach of

everybody regardless of budget and

extensive know-how.

• Small budgets and short development

times.

• Great educational tool, involve everybody

in high tech work, increase national and

international cooperation and collaboration

for a safer peacefull world.

UNISEC of Japan

• UNISEC member universities are supporting

education using CanSat at high school level.

• Many educators at university level have addressed

the effectiveness of hands-on training, because it

provides unique opportunities and students can

learn project management skills as well as

technical process of space projects.

• UNISEC activities would enable those in teaching

positions at universities to improve their teaching

skills as well as their academic performance and

output.

Japanese history of

university micro/nano satellite activities

UNISEC of Japan

• MIC1-2

• CLTP 1-2-3

• UNISEC-INT

• Turkey, Egypt, others

CLTP

CLTP PeriodHost

universityParticipating countries

1Feb-March

2011

Wakayama

Univ.

Algeria, Australia, Egypt,

Guatemala, Mexico, Nigeria,

Peru, Sri Lanka, Turkey(3) and

Vietnam

2Nov-Dec

2011Nihon Univ.

Indonesia, Malaysia, Nigeria,

Vietnam, Ghana, Peru,

Singapore, Mongolia,

Thailand and Turkey

3July-August

2012

Tokyo

Metropolitan

University

Brazil, Egypt(2), Israel,

Lithuania, Namibia, Nigeria,

Mongolia, Philippines and

Turkey

CLTP2

TURKISH CASE

ITU, Space Engineering

• Establishment 1983 (ITU 1773)

• 60 new students per year

• Space related labs – Spacecraft Systems Design and Testing

– Small Satellite communication

• Aim: – Research and testing on nano satellites and

small sat components

– To have engineers with laboratory experience to serve the national aerospace industry

Space Engineering Curriculum • Education in space science and technologies

• Follows AIAA recomendations

• Fully Accredited by ABET till 2017

• Space related undergraduate courses – Introduction to Space Engineering (1st year)

– Aerospace structures (3rd year)

– Orbital Mechanics, (3rd year)

– Space environment, (4th year)

– Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control (4th)

– Rocket and Electric Propulsion (4th)

– Spacecraft system design with application (SSD) (4th)

– Spacecraft communications (4th)

Curriculum (AIAA/ABET)

• ‘’Astronautical engineering programs must

demonstrate that graduates have knowledge

of orbital mechanics, space environment,

attitude determination and control,

telecommunications, space structures, and

rocket propulsion’’.

• ‘’Program must also demonstrate that

graduates have design competence that

includes integration of astronautical topics’’.

• (http://www.aiaa.org/content.cfm?pageid=472

)

Spacecraft System Design

• Last semester required course

• Capstone design project

• Conceptual design, no time for a prototype

• Topic: AIAA SDC, MIC, other

Design- Development phases Satellite

Design / Analysis / Production

Ground Station

Test & Integration Infrastructure / Payloads

/ Systems

Thermal Vacuum, Vibration,

EMC

Istanbul Technical University - Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics

http://usl.itu.edu.tr

•Conceptual design

•Desktop model

•Engineering model

•Flight Model

SSD 2011: Space Debris Removal at

LEO (AIAA SDC)

Educational aspect of MIC!

• MIC1 evaluation comittee comment:

– only experienced applicants with some space

background and national heritage are

succesful in the finals.

A general summary of finalist teams

in MIC1 and MIC2:

• Experienced team

• Connection to a lab or group

• Ongoing work not just a new idea to be

realized

• Not undergraduate students

• Some pratical work already done

MIC2 Turkish Case (10 applicants no

finalist or semi finalist)

• Only undergraduate students (SSD topic) or MS

with no space background at all.

• Mostly Non-interdisciplinary teams (just space

engineers)

• Just a limited time: 3 months to find an idea and

to implement it although the MIC time is longer

• Finding an idea is a good element, reading

many different papers on different topics

• No time to implement or to evaluate the

suitability of the idea

• 2 term course work may be a remedy

MIC vs AIAA for SSD

MIC AIAA Comment

Written for everyone

Written for

(undergraduate)

students

Success requires prior experience in

the field, professionals have more

chance of winning the contest

Mission is broadly

specified

Request For Proposal

(RFP) is not

available

Mission is given,

solution is sought

A clear and detailed

RFP is given

Student directly starts design based

on given mission, requirements and

constraints

Mission idea soughtSolution to a given

mission is sought

Students spend considerable time to

find an idea, little time left to design

for the idea

Student team

structure is possible

Student Team

structure ony AIAA for US students only

Professional Development of

Students • insufficient applied course work

• Student Clubs (UUMK, EUROAVIA, AIAA,

PARS...)

• Extracurricular activities

– Own will

– İnterdisciplinary team work

– International collaborations

– Employment advantages

Extracurricular activities

actual applications • International students competitions:

– AIAA/DBF,

– CanSat,

– UAVSI,

– AHS,

– AIAA-ASMA/IGTI Engine Design

– Solar Car and Boat

– MIC

• CubeSat Projects

International competitions

UYDU

YER ISTASYONU - 1 YER ISTASYONU - 2

VHF UPLIN

K

UHF DOW

NLINK

VH

F U

PLI

NK

UH

F D

OW

NLI

NK

QB50: BeeagleSat

EHF SAT

TURKSAT 3USAT

ITUPSAT1

ITU SE

CubeSat

Projects

Project Comparison

• ITUpSAT1

• One unit CubeSat

• 25 Project Personnel

• Mainly space engineers

• 19 Space, 5 Electronics, 1 Mechanical Engineer

• No redundancy

• 3 year development time

• Infrastructure development

• Budget: ITU and TUBITAK

• Some undergraduate, MS thesis

• Empleoyment by the industry

• TURKSAT-3USAT

• Three unit CubeSat

• 50 project personnel

• Interdisciplinary team work

• 24 Aerospace,2 Mechanical 24 Electric-Electronics

• Full redundancy

• 2 year development time

• TAMSAT Engineers

• Budget: TÜRKSAT Inc.

• Many undergraduate, MS thesis

• Empleoyment by the industry

Evolvement

• ITUpSAT1: 1 department, governement

support, MS students, thesis, hands on

experience

• 3USAT: 3 departments, company and public

support. BS and MS thesis, hands on

experience

• QB50: 3 universities, many departments,

industry support.

• EHFSAT: Payload by the industry, SME

support (spin-off company), 3 departments.

Research and Application

Based Space Education:

Egyptian Case

Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim, Ph.D.

Space Systems Technology Laboratory

Aerospace Engineering Department

Cairo University - Egypt

Background

• Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University Established in 1820.

• Aerospace Engineering Department established in 1938.

• Egyptian Space Program is running by NARSS (1999 )

• B.Sc. in Space Engineering is Elective

• Ph.D. & M.Sc. in Space Engineering

• Lack of Practical Space Engineering Projects.

31

Laboratories & Facilities

• Aerodynamics

• Flow Visualization

• Aircraft Propulsion

• Aircraft Structure

• Automatic Control & Flight Mechanics

• Space Systems Technology

established in 2011

CanSat-Based Space

Engineering • Bi-annual practical space engineering training

course for all students from 2011 .

• Mandatory summer training course for Junior

students from 2013 .

CanSat-Based Space

Engineering

CanSat Based-Space Engineering Education

Mechanical Design and Production

Parachute Aerodynamics

Launcher Development

Microcontroller, MEMS sensors and Firmware

Development

Basic Electronic Circuits

System Engineering

Project Management

Advanced CanSat Project

Oct-11 Nov Dec Jan -

12 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

• Rover-Back CanSat

• Fully Autonomous

• Schedule to Join Arliss

2013

1st & 2nd Conceptual Models (CM)

3rd CM EM FM

MIC Participations

0

2

4

6

8

MIC-1 MIC-2

Category-1Category-2

MIC1: Total Number of Submitted Idea is 62

MIC2: Total Number of Submitted Idea is 54 (Cat.1) and 20 (Cat. 2)

Num

ber

of S

ubm

itte

d I

dea

R&D Projects

• Advanced CanSat

• Development of Simple Ground Station

• CanSat Launcher – QuadRotor

– Balloon

• CubeSat Subsystems – Communication

– C&DH

– ADCS

– Payload

– Structure

– EPS

Students Enrollment • Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University receive top 5%

Senior High-School Students (3000 students/year).

• Total of 15000 Undergraduate Students.

• Aerospace Engineering Department Receive 100

students/year.

• Total of 400 Undergraduate Students in Aerospace

Engineering Department.

012345678

2009 2010 2011 2012

Ran

kin

g

Academic Year

Aerospace Engineering

01020304050607080

% G

rad

e

Faculty of Engineering (2012)

Benefits-Education • Space project: higly motivated students, individuals

• Applied education: plan, design, produce, test,

integrate, launch, observe a spacequalified actual

satellite during education

• Multidisciplinary research teams at universities

• Establish design, manufacturing and testing

infrasturcture

• Raise qualified and experienced Space Engineers

for aerospace industry

• Increase national capability in satellite technologies

Benefits

• Accounting for space debris in project

planning, compliance with UN regulations

• A new job sector: entrepreneurship,

student owned SMEs, Pumpkin, ISIS,

Clyde Space, Gumush

• To reach space is a realm of possibility for

everyone...

Conclusions

• Practical project work and design studies

are important elements of space

education.

• CanSat and CubeSat programs have a

positive effect on increasing space

awareness particularly among students

with international interaction.

• MIC and CLTP are useful tools

Conclusions

• Clearly defined topics seems to be more

suitable for high school and undergraduate

university programs

• Open end projects may be successfully

undertaken by experienced graduate

students and space professionals.

• All these developments have started to

shape space education curriculum,

worldwide.

• How can we benefit further from

extracurricular activities to

enhance space education

curriculum?

Acknowledgments

• the Nano-Satellite Symposium Office and

The Basic Space Technology Initiative

(BSTI) of the United Nations Program on

Space Applications

Acknowledgments

• "HODOYOSHI Project" that enabled CLTP

and MIC to launch, which was granted to

Prof. Shinichi Nakasuka by the Japan

Society for the Promotion of Science in the

"Funding Program for World-Leading

Innovative R&D on Science and

Technology (FIRST Program)," initiated by

the Council for Science and Technology

Policy of the Cabinet Office, Government

of Japan.

ITUpSAT1, 3rd year in orbit

TURKSAT-3USAT MISSION

UYDU

YER ISTASYONU - 1 YER ISTASYONU - 2

VHF UPLIN

K

UHF DOW

NLINK

VH

F U

PLI

NK

UH

F D

OW

NLI

NK

3USAT

Ground Station 1 Ground Station 2

TURKSAT-3USAT • 3U CubeSat

• VHF/UHF linear Transponder

• Redundant design, back-up systems designed, developed, manufactured and tested in Turkey

• Cutting edge de-orbiting and power system

QB50: BeEagleSat

EHF-SAT

UYDU

YER ISTASYONU – 1Telemetri,

telekomand

YER ISTASYONU – 2Transponder

VHF UPLIN

K

UHF DOW

NLINK

Ku

Ban

d U

PLI

NK

X-B

and

DO

WN

LIN

K

EHF-SAT

Ground Station 1

Telemetry, telecommand Ground Station 2

Transponder

AEROSPACE PROJECTS

KARAYEL

DRT

ITUpSAT1

HTH

MILGEM

HELSIM

RIHA1A

RIHA1B

ANKA

İTÜ-HTH Tüm alt sistemleri ile, Temmuz 2011, TAI, Ankara

UNISEC-EGYPT

• Seminar and Panel Discussion about establishing

UNSEC-Egypt (July 4, 2012)

• Next meeting scheduled to be in Feb. 2013.

Pros and Cons of Establishing

UNISEC-Egypt

Pros Cons

Space awareness expansion Lack of team-work experince

Well managed capacity building

plans

Dedicated management board

Resource management Legal entity

Large scale space projects Sustainable Funding

von Karman Institute

for Fluid Dynamics 58

QB50 - THE IDEA

• An international network of 50 double CubeSats for multi-point, in-situ, long-duration measurements in the lower thermosphere and for re-entry research • A network of 50 double CubeSats sequentially deployed (1 CubeSat every orbit or every 2 or 3 orbits) • Initial altitude: 330 km (circular orbit, i=79°) • Downlink using the Global Educational Network for Satellite Operations (GENSO)