Reproducible Master PEANUTS ad SPACE OUNDATION · Apollo 15 Launch: July 26, 1971 Apollo 15 was the...
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OBJECTIVES Students will: ö Read Snoopy, First Beagle on the Moon! and Shoot for the Moon, Snoopy! ö Learn facts about the Apollo Moon missions. ö Use this information to complete a fill-in-the-blank fact worksheet. ö Create mission objectives for a brand new mission to the moon. SUGGESTED GRADE LEVELS 4 – 5 SUBJECT AREAS Space Science, History TIMELINE 30 – 45 minutes NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS ö 5-ESS1 ESS1.B Earth and the Solar System ö 3-5-ETS1 ETS1.B Developing Possible Solutions 21st CENTURY ESSENTIAL SKILLS Collaboration and Teamwork, Communication, Information Literacy, Flexibility, Leadership, Initiative, Organizing Concepts, Obtaining/Evaluating/Communicating Ideas BACKGROUND ö According to NASA.gov, NASA has proudly shared an association with Charles M. Schulz and his American icon Snoopy since Apollo missions began in the 1960s. Schulz created comic strips depicting Snoopy on the Moon, capturing public excitement about America’s achievements in space. In May 1969, Apollo 10 astronauts traveled to the Moon for a final trial run before the lunar landings took place on later missions. Because that mission required the lunar module to skim within 50,000 feet of the Moon’s surface and “snoop around” to determine the landing site for Apollo 11, the crew named the lunar module Snoopy. The command module was named Charlie Brown, after Snoopy’s loyal owner. These books are a united effort between Peanuts Worldwide, NASA and Simon & Schuster to generate interest in space among today’s younger children. Apollo and Beyond Reproducible Master GRADE 4 – 5 ö PAGE 1 GRADE 4 – 5 PAGE 1
Transcript of Reproducible Master PEANUTS ad SPACE OUNDATION · Apollo 15 Launch: July 26, 1971 Apollo 15 was the...
OBJECTIVESStudents will: ö Read Snoopy, First Beagle on the Moon! and Shoot for the Moon, Snoopy!ö Learn facts about the Apollo Moon missions.öUsethisinformationtocompleteafill-in-the-blankfactworksheet.ö Create mission objectives for a brand new mission to the moon.
SUGGESTED GRADE LEVELS4 – 5
SUBJECT AREASSpace Science, History
TIMELINE30 – 45 minutes
NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDSö 5-ESS1ESS1.BEarthandtheSolarSystemö3-5-ETS1ETS1.BDevelopingPossibleSolutions
21st CENTURY ESSENTIAL SKILLSCollaborationandTeamwork,Communication,InformationLiteracy,Flexibility,Leadership,Initiative,OrganizingConcepts,Obtaining/Evaluating/CommunicatingIdeas
BACKGROUNDöAccordingtoNASA.gov,NASAhasproudlysharedanassociationwithCharlesM.SchulzandhisAmericaniconSnoopysinceApollomissionsbeganinthe1960s.SchulzcreatedcomicstripsdepictingSnoopyontheMoon,capturingpublicexcitementaboutAmerica’sachievementsinspace.InMay1969,Apollo10astronautstraveledtotheMoonforafinal
trialrunbeforethelunarlandingstookplaceonlatermissions.Becausethatmissionrequiredthelunarmoduletoskimwithin50,000feetofthe
Moon’ssurfaceand“snooparound”todeterminethelandingsiteforApollo11,thecrewnamedthelunarmoduleSnoopy.
ThecommandmodulewasnamedCharlieBrown,afterSnoopy’sloyalowner.
ThesebooksareaunitedeffortbetweenPeanutsWorldwide,NASAandSimon&Schustertogenerateinterestinspaceamongtoday’syoungerchildren.
PEANUTS and SPACE FOUNDATIONApollo and Beyond
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Apollo 1 – 6Jan.27,1967,tragedystruckonthelaunchpadatCapeKennedyduringapreflighttestforApollo204(AS-204).ThemissionwastobethefirstcrewedflightofApollo,andwasscheduledtolaunchFeb.21,1967.AstronautsVirgilGrissom,EdwardWhiteandRogerChaffeelosttheirliveswhenafiresweptthroughthecommand module, or CM.
TheexhaustiveinvestigationofthefireandextensivereworkingoftheApollocommandmodulespostponedcrewedlaunchesuntilNASAofficialsclearedthemforflight.SaturnIBschedulesweresuspendedfornearlyayear,andthelaunchvehiclethatfinallyborethedesignationAS-204carriedalunarmodule,orLM,asthepayload,insteadofaCM.ThemissionsofAS-201andAS-202withApollospacecraftaboardhadbeenunofficiallyknownasApollo1andApollo2missions.AS-203carriedonlytheaerodynamicnosecone.
Inthespringof1967,NASA’sAssociateAdministratorforMannedSpaceFlight,Dr.GeorgeE.Mueller,announcedthatthemissionoriginallyscheduledforGrissom,WhiteandChaffeewouldbeknownasApollo1,andsaidthatthefirstSaturnVlaunch,scheduledforNovember1967,wouldbeknownasApollo4.TheeventuallaunchofAS-204becameknownastheApollo5mission.NomissionsorflightswereeverdesignatedApollo2or3.
ThesecondlaunchofaSaturnVtookplaceonscheduleintheearlymorningofApril4,1968.KnownasAS-502,orApollo6,theflightwasasuccess,thoughtwofirst-stageenginesshutdownprematurely,andthethird-stageenginefailedtoreigniteafterreachingorbit.
Apollo 7Launch: October 11, 1968MissionObjectives:DemonstrateCommandandServiceModule(CSM)withcrewperformance;demonstratemissionsupportfacilities’performanceduringacrewedmissionanddemonstrateApollorendezvouscapability;demonstrateliveTVbroadcasts from space. Crew: Walter Schirra Jr., Commander;R.WalterCunningham,LunarModulePilot;DonnF.Eisele,CommandModulePilot.
PEANUTS and SPACE FOUNDATIONApollo and Beyond
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Apollo 8Launch: December 21, 1968MissionObjectives:ThemissionobjectivesforApollo8includedacoordinatedperformance of the crew, the command and service module, or CSM, and the support facilities.Themissionalsowastodemonstratetranslunarinjection;CSMnavigation,communications and midcourse corrections; consumable assessment; and passive thermal control.Thedetailedtestobjectivesweretorefinethesystemsandproceduresrelatingtofuturelunaroperations.Crew:FrankBorman,Commander;WilliamA.Anders,LunarModulePilot;JamesA.LovellJr.,CommandModulePilot.
Apollo 9Launch: March 3, 1969TheprimaryobjectiveofApollo9wasanEarth-orbitalengineeringtestofthefirstcrewedlunarmodule,orLM.Otherprimeobjectivesincludedanoverallcheckoutoflaunchvehicleandspacecraftsystems,thecrew,andprocedures.TheLMwastobetestedasaself-sufficientspacecraft,andwasalsotoperformactiverendezvousanddockingmaneuversparallelingthosescheduledforthefollowingApollo10lunar-orbitmission.
Theflightplan’stopprioritywastheCSMandLMrendezvousanddocking.Thiswasperformedtwice-oncewhiletheLMwasstillattachedtotheS-IVB,andagainwhentheLMwasactive.FurthergoalsincludedinternalcrewtransferfromthedockedCSMtotheLM;specialtestsoftheLM’ssupportsystems;crewprocedures;andtestsofflightequipmentandtheextravehicularactivity,orEVA,mobilityunit.ThecrewalsoconfiguredtheLMtosupportatwo-hourEVA,andsimulatedanLMcrewrescue,whichwastheonlyplannedEVAfromtheLMbeforeanactuallunarlanding.Crew:JamesA.McDivitt,Commander;RussellL.Schweickart,LunarModulePilot;DavidR.Scott,CommandModulePilot.
Apollo 10Launch: May 18, 1969TheApollo10missionencompassedallaspectsofanactualcrewedlunarlanding,exceptthelanding.Itwasthefirstflightofacomplete,crewedApollospacecrafttooperatearoundtheMoon.Objectivesincludedascheduledeight-hourlunarorbitoftheseparated lunar module, or LM, and descent to aboutninemilesoffthemoon’ssurfacebeforeascendingforrendezvousanddockingwith
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the command and service module, or CSM, inabouta70-milecircularlunarorbit.Pertinentdatatobegatheredinthislandingrehearsaldealtwiththelunarpotential,orgravitationaleffect,torefinetheEarth-basedcrewedspaceflightnetworktrackingtechniques,andtocheckoutLMprogrammedtrajectoriesandradar,andlunarflightcontrolsystems.Crew:ThomasStafford,Commander;EugeneCernan,LunarModulePilot;JohnYoung,CommandModulePilot.
Apollo 11Launch: July 16, 1969TheprimaryobjectiveofApollo11wastocompleteanationalgoalsetbyPresidentJohnF.KennedyonMay25,1961:performacrewedlunarlandingandreturntoEarth.Additionalflightobjectivesincludedscientificexplorationbythelunarmodule,orLM,crew;deploymentofatelevisioncameratotransmitsignalstoEarth;anddeploymentofasolarwindcompositionexperiment,seismicexperimentpackageandaLaserRangingRetroreflector.Duringtheexploration,thetwoastronautsweretogathersamplesoflunar-surfacematerialsforreturntoEarth.Theyalsoweretoextensivelyphotographthelunarterrain,thedeployedscientificequipment,theLMspacecraft,andeachother,bothwithstillandmotionpicturecameras.ThiswastobethelastApollomissiontoflya“free-return”trajectory,whichwouldenableareturntoEarthwithnoenginefiring,providingareadyabortofthemissionatanytimepriortolunarorbitinsertion.Crew:NeilArmstrong,Commander;EdwinE.AldrinJr.,LunarModulePilot;MichaelCollins,CommandModulePilot.
Apollo 12Launch: November 14, 1969Theprimarymissionobjectivesofthesecondcrewedlunarlandingincludedanextensiveseriesoflunarexplorationtasksbythelunarmodule,orLM,crew,aswellasthedeploymentoftheApolloLunarSurfaceExperimentsPackage,orALSEP,whichwastobeleftonthemoon’ssurfacetogatherseismic,scientificandengineeringdatathroughoutalongperiodoftime.
OtherApollo12objectivesincludedaselenologicalinspection;surveysandsamplingsinlandingareas;developmentoftechniquesforprecision-landingcapabilities; further evaluations of the human capabilitytoworkinthelunarenvironmentforaprolongedperiodoftime;deploymentandretrievalofotherscientificexperiments;andphotographyof
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candidateexplorationsitesforfuturemissions.TheastronautsalsoweretoretrieveportionsoftheSurveyorIIIspacecraft,whichhadsoft-landedonthemoonApril20,1967,ashortdistancefromtheselectedlandingsiteofApollo12.Crew:CharlesConradJr.,Commander;AlanL.Bean,LunarModulePilot;RichardF.GordonJr.,CommandModulePilot.
Apollo 13Launch: April 11, 1970Apollo13wassupposedtolandintheFraMauroarea.AnexplosiononboardforcedApollo13tocirclethemoonwithoutlanding.TheFraMaurositewasreassignedtoApollo14.At55hours,46minutes,asthecrewfinisheda49-minuteTVbroadcastshowinghowcomfortablytheylivedandworkedinweightlessness,Lovellsaid,“ThisisthecrewofApollo13wishingeverybodythereaniceevening,andwe’rejustaboutreadytocloseoutourinspectionofAquariusandgetbackforapleasanteveninginOdyssey.Goodnight.”Nineminuteslater,oxygentankNo.2blewup,causingtheNo.1tanktoalsofail.Thecommandmodule’snormalsupplyofelectricity,lightandwaterwaslost,andtheywereabout200,000milesfromEarth.Afterheroiceffortsbythecrewandmissioncontrol,thecommandmodulesafelylandedinthePacificOceanonApril17,1970.Crew:JamesA.LovellJr.,Commander;FredW.HaiseJr.,LunarModulePilot;JohnL.SwigertJr.,CommandModulePilot.
Apollo 14Launch: January 31, 1971TheprimaryobjectivesofthismissionweretoexploretheFraMauroregioncenteredarounddeploymentoftheApolloLunarSurfaceScientificExperimentsPackage,orALSEP;lunarfieldgeologyinvestigations;collectionofsurfacematerialsamplesforreturntoEarth;deploymentofotherscientificinstrumentsnotpartofALSEP;orbitalscienceinvolvinghigh-resolutionphotographyofcandidatefuturelandingsites;photographyofdeep-spacephenomena,suchaszodiacallightandgegenschein;communicationstestsusingS-bandandVHFsignalstodeterminereflectivepropertiesofthelunarsurface;engineeringandoperationalevaluationof hardware and techniques; tests to determine variationsinS-bandsignals;andphotographyofsurfacedetailsfrom60nauticalmilesinaltitude.Crew:AlanB.ShepardJr.,Commander;EdgarD.Mitchell,LunarModulePilot;StuartA.Roosa,CommandModulePilot.
PEANUTS and SPACE FOUNDATIONApollo and Beyond
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Apollo 15Launch: July 26, 1971Apollo15wasthefirstoftheApollo“J”missionscapableofalongerstaytimeonthemoonandgreatersurfacemobility.Therewerefourprimaryobjectivesfallinginthegeneralcategoriesoflunarsurfacescience,lunarorbitalscienceandengineering-operational.ThemissionobjectivesweretoexploretheHadley-Apennineregion,setupandactivatelunarsurfacescientificexperiments,makeengineeringevaluationsofnewApolloequipment,andconductlunarorbitalexperimentsandphotographictasks.ExplorationandgeologicalinvestigationsattheHadley-ApenninelandingsitewereenhancedbytheadditionoftheLunarRovingVehicle,orLRV.AnothermajormissionobjectiveinvolvedthelaunchingofaParticlesandFields,orP&F,subsatellite into lunar orbit by the command and service module, or CSM, shortly before beginningthereturn-to-Earthportionofthemission.Thesubsatellitewasdesignedtoinvestigatethemoon’smassandgravitationalvariations,particlecompositionofspacenearthemoonandtheinteractionofthemoon’smagneticfieldwiththatofEarth.Crew:DavidR.Scott,Commander;JamesB.Irwin,LunarModulePilot;AlfredM.Worden,CommandModulePilot.
Apollo 16Launch: April 16, 1972Threeprimaryobjectiveswere(1)toinspect,survey,andsamplematerialsandsurfacefeaturesataselectedlandingsiteintheDescartesregion;(2)emplaceandactivatesurfaceexperiments;and(3)conductin-flightexperimentsandphotographictasksfromlunarorbit.Additionalobjectivesincludedperformanceofexperimentsrequiringzerogravityandengineeringevaluationofspacecraftandequipment.
AsignificantadditiontosurfaceobjectiveswasanultravioletstellarcameratoreturnphotographyoftheEarthandcelestialregionsinspectralbandsnotseenfromEarth.Evaluationofthelunarroverthrougha“GrandPrix”exerciseconsistingofS-turns,hairpinturnsandhardstopsalsowastobeconducted.Afinalorbitalobjectivewastolaunch a subsatellite into lunar orbit from the command and service module, or CSM, shortly before transearth injection.Crew:JohnW.Young,Commander;CharlesM.DukeJr.,LunarModulePilot;ThomasK.MattinglyII,CommandModulePilot.
PEANUTS and SPACE FOUNDATIONApollo and Beyond
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Apollo 17Launch: December 7, 1972 ThelunarlandingsitewastheTaurus-Littrowhighlandsandvalleyarea.ThissitewaspickedforApollo17asalocationwhererocksbotholderandyoungerthanthosepreviouslyreturnedfromotherApollomissions,aswellasfromLuna16and20missions,mightbefound.
ScientificobjectivesoftheApollo17missionincluded,geologicalsurveyingandsamplingofmaterialsandsurfacefeaturesinapreselectedareaoftheTaurus-Littrowregion;deployingandactivatingsurfaceexperiments;andconductingin-flightexperimentsandphotographictasksduringlunarorbitandtransearthcoast.Theseobjectivesincludeddeployedexperiments,suchastheApolloLunarSurfaceExperimentsPackage,orALSEP,withaheatflowexperiment;lunarseismicprofiling,orLSP;lunarsurfacegravimeter,orLSG;lunaratmosphericcompositionexperiment,orLACE;andlunarejectaandmeteorites,orLEAM.Themissionalsoincludedlunarsamplingandlunarorbitalexperiments.BiomedicalexperimentsincludedtheBiostackIIexperimentandtheBIOCOREexperiment.Crew:EugeneA.Cernan,Commander;HarrisonH.Schmitt,LunarModulePilot;RonaldE.Evans,CommandModulePilot.
All background information provided by NASA.gov.
VOCABULARYAstronaut,Mission,Apollo,Crew,Orbit,Launch,Landing
MATERIALSöApolloCards–1setpergroupöApolloFactWorksheets–1perstudentöBlankpaper–1sheetpergroup(formissionplanning/missionpatchdesign)
LESSON PROCEDURESPartI1.Read Snoopy, First Beagle on the Moon! and Shoot for the
Moon, Snoopy!totheentireclass,togivestudentssomebackgroundknowledge.
2.ShowstudentstheApollofactcardsandexplainthateachcardhasinformationfromaspecificApollomission.Informationincludescrewnames,orbitstatistics,launchinformation,andlandinginformation.
3.Studentswillusethesecardstofillintheblanksonaworksheet.
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4.Dividestudentsintogroupsofthreeorfour.5.GiveeachgrouponesetofApollofactcards.6.GiveeachstudentanApolloFactWorksheet.7.Tellstudentstheywilleachfillouttheirownworksheet,butcanworkasa
grouptohelpeachotherfindtheanswers.8.Whenallstudentshavecompletedtheworksheet,reviewtheanswersasaclass.
PartII1.ReadsomeoftheApollomissionobjectives(fromBackgroundsection)tothestudents.2.Asagroup,studentsmustworktogetheranddiscussascenarioasiftheywerethenext
grouptogotothemoon.3.Theymustdecidewhatinformationtheywouldwanttogatherfromtheirmission.Students
should be able to report decisions to the class.4.Thegroupcanthendecidewhatamissionpatchmaylooklikebasedontheirmission
objectives and illustrate their own mission patches.
EXTENSIONSöTeachstudentshowtonavigatethroughGoogleMoontofurtherexploretheApollomissions.https://www.google.com/moon/.
öHavestudentschooseanApollomissiontoresearchmorein-depthusingonlineresourcesand literature.
RESOURCES
Garcia,M.(2018,July9).NASAandPeanutsCelebrateApollo10’s50thAnniversary.Retrievedfromhttps://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-and-peanuts-celebrate-apollo-10-s-50th-anniversary
Loff,S.(2015,March16).TheApolloMissions.Retrievedfromhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/index.html
Schulz,CharlesM.(2019).Snoopy, First Beagle on the Moon!NewYork,NY:Simon&Schuster.
Schulz,CharlesM.(2019).Shoot for the Moon, Snoopy! NewYork,NY:Simon&Schuster.
PEANUTS and SPACE FOUNDATIONApollo and Beyond
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GRADE 4 – 5 ö PAGE 8
Name ______________________________
Apollo Fact Worksheet
1. Apollo ______ was launched a few days before Christmas in 1968. They landed a few days after
Christmas on ____________, 1968.
2. The Commander of Apollo 14 was _______________________.
3. Apollo 7 lasted ______ days, ______ hours, ______ minutes, ______ seconds.
4. How many hours did the Apollo 17 astronauts spend on the surface of the moon? ___________
5. Which two Apollo missions were NOT launched from launch pad 39A? Apollo _____ launched from
______________________. Apollo ______ launched from _________________________.
6. The total distance traveled by Apollo 13 was much shorter than many of the other missions. They traveled
________________ miles.
7. James A. McDivitt was the _________________ of Apollo 9. Russell L. Schweickart was the
_______________________, and _________________________ was the Command Module Pilot.
8. Which three missions have an image of an eagle as part of their mission patch? Apollo _____, Apollo
_____, and Apollo ______.
9. The Lunar Location for Apollo 12 was called ________________________.
10. The USS Okinawa was the recovery ship for Apollo ______.
Apollo Fact WorksheetAnswerkey
1. Apollo 8 was launched a few days before Christmas in 1968. They landed a few days after Christmas on
December27, 1968.
2. The Commander of Apollo 14 was AlanB.ShepardJr.
3. Apollo 7 lasted 10 days, 20 hours, 9 minutes, 3 seconds.
4. How many hours did the Apollo 17 astronauts spend on the surface of the moon? 75
5. Which two Apollo missions were NOT launched from launch pad 39A? Apollo 7 launched from
LaunchComplex34. Apollo 10 launched from LaunchPad39B.
6. The total distance traveled by Apollo 13 was much shorter than many of the other missions. They traveled
622,268 miles.
7. James A. McDivitt was the Commander of Apollo 9. Russell L. Schweickart was the Lunar Module
Pilot, and DavidR.Scott was the Command Module Pilot.
8. Which three missions have an image of an eagle as part of their mission patch? Apollo 11, Apollo 16, and
Apollo 17.
9. The Lunar Location for Apollo 12 was called OceanofStorms.
10. The USS Okinawa was the recovery ship for Apollo 15.
