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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Report of the Technical Correlating Committee on

Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Jack Woycheese, ChairHughes Associates Inc., CA [SE]

John A. Davenport, GE Insurance Solutions, VA [I]Edward Hildebrandt, Village of Morton Grove, IL [E]James D. Kieffer, Kieffer & Associates, Inc., Canada [SE]Richard S. Kraus, PSC Petroleum Safety Consultants, VA [M] Rep. American Petroleum InstituteWilliam E. Rehr, BOCA International, Inc., IL [E]Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]Douglas A. Rivers, 3M Company, MN [U]Orville M. Slye, Jr., Loss Control Associates Inc., PA [SE]Hugh Patrick Toner, Darnestown, MD [M] Rep. Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.

AlternatesLuis F. Arango, GE Insurance Solutions, TX [I] (Alt. to John A. Davenport)Alfredo M. Ramirez, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to Roland A. Riegel)Clark D. Shepard, ExxonMobil Corporation, VA [M] (Alt. to Richard S. Kraus)Rep. American Petroleum Institute

NonvotingDwight H. Havens, City of Phoenix Fire Department, AZ [E] Rep. TC on Operations John A. LeBlanc, FM Global, MA [I] Rep. TC on Fundamentals Anthony M. Ordile, Loss Control Associates, Inc., PA [SE] Rep. TC on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Brooke B. Smith, Jr., Aspen Engineering Inc., CO [SE] Rep. TC on Tank Storage and Piping Systems David L. Blomquist, Blomquist Fire Protection Engineering, CA (Member Emeritus)Donald M. Johnson, Walnut Creek, CA (Member Emeritus)

Staff Liaison: Robert P. Benedetti

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on safeguarding against the fire and explosion hazards associated with the storage, handling, and use of flammable and combustible liquids; and classifying flammable and combustible liquids.

This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the front of this book.

Report of the Committee onFundamentals

John A. LeBlanc, ChairFM Global, MA [I]

Robert P. Benedetti, Secretary (Staff-Nonvoting)National Fire Protection Association, MA

Peter R. Apostoluk, Greif Inc., OH [M]James C. Brundage, III, Atlanta Fire Department, GA [E]Fernando A. Escalante, Eyak Architecture & Engineering, LLC, VA [SE]Elson G. Fernandes, Elfent Ltd., Canada [M]John J. Foley, The RJA Group, Inc., GA [SE]Frederic Gil, BP, United Kingdom [M]Dwight H. Havens, City of Phoenix Fire Department, AZ [E]Gene L. Hortz, Rohm and Haas Company, PA [M]Jeffrey M. Hunt, Alcoa, Inc., VA [U]Jay J. Jablonski, HSB Professional Loss Control, TX [I]James D. Kieffer, Kieffer & Associates, Inc., Canada [SE]John W. King, Federated Mutual Insurance Company, MN [I]Richard S. Kraus, PSC Petroleum Safety Consultants, VA [M] Rep. American Petroleum InstituteSusan M. Preske, St. Paul Travelers, NY [I]Alfredo M. Ramirez, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]John W. Richmond, Sr., Eastman Chemical Company, TN [M]Peter M. Shank, Nuclear Service Organization, DE [I]Warren G. Stocker, Safeway Inc., CA [U]

Jeffrey J. Wanko, DSM Nutritional Products, Inc., NJ [M]Jack Woycheese, Hughes Associates, Inc., CA [SE]

Alternates

Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT] (Alt. to Alfredo M. Ramirez)Joseph L. Scheffey, Hughes Associates, Inc., MD [SE] (Alt. to Jack Woycheese)Clark D. Shepard, ExxonMobil Corporation, VA [M] (Alt. to Richard S. Kraus) Rep. American Petroleum InstituteChristopher J. Wieczorek, FM Global, MA [I] (Alt. to John A. LeBlanc)

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents or portions of documents on the basic requirements for safeguarding against the fire and explosion hazards associated with the storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids. This Committee shall also have responsibility for definitions related to flammable and combustible liquids and for criteria for the classification of flammable and combustible liquids.

Report of the Committee on

Operations

Dwight H. Havens, ChairCity of Phoenix Fire Department, AZ [E]

James C. Brundage, III, Atlanta Fire Department, GA [E]Brian J. Clark, Liberty Mutual Group, MA [I] Rep. Property Casualty Insurers Association of America John A. Davenport, West Point, VA [I] John P. Hartmann, John Hartmann & Associates, IL [SE] Donald B. Hicks, Dow Corning Corporation, MI [U] Rep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection Section Richard J. Hild, DuPont Performance Coatings, DE [M] Edward Hildebrandt, Village of Morton Grove, IL [E] Jay J. Jablonski, HSB Professional Loss Control, TX [I] Joshy Paul Kallungal, Office of the Fire Marshal, Canada [E] James D. Kieffer, Kieffer & Associates, Inc., Canada [SE] David C. Kirby, Baker Engineering & Risk Consultants, WV [SE] Gregory D. Kirby, CYTEC Industries, Incorporated, WV [U] Rep. American Chemistry Council Donald J. Kohn, Kohn Engineering, PA [SE] Richard S. Kraus, PSC Petroleum Safety Consultants, VA [M] Rep. American Petroleum Institute Larry M. Kreh, PPG Industries, Inc., PA [M] John A. LeBlanc, FM Global, MA [I] Gregory A. Milewski, Shell Oil Company, TX [M] Anthony M. Ordile, Loss Control Associates, Inc., PA [SE] Arlyn H. Poppen, 3M Company-Industrial Business, MN [U] Susan M. Preske, St. Paul Travelers, NY [I] Alfredo M. Ramirez, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] Robert N. Renkes, Petroleum Equipment Institute, OK [M] John W. Richmond, Sr., Eastman Chemical Company, TN [M] George A. Seuss, Jr., Verlan Fire Insurance Company, MD [I] Clark D. Shepard, ExxonMobil Corporation, VA [M] Brooke B. Smith, Jr., Aspen Engineering Inc., CO [SE] Kevin F. Sykora, The Sherwin-Williams Company, OH [U] Rep. American Society of Safety Engineers Scott M. Tyler, Framatome ANP, IL [U] Rep. Edison Electric Institute Jack Woycheese, Hughes Associates, Inc., CA [SE]

Alternates

Claire V. De Taeye, Liberty Mutual Property Engineering, NY [I] (Alt. to Brian J. Clark) Rep. Property Casualty Insurers Association of America Mark Driscoll, GE Insurance Solutions, MA [I] (Alt. to John A. Davenport) Harold E. Grossman, II, Alcoa, Inc., IN [U] (Alt. to Kevin F. Sykora) Rep. American Society of Safety Engineers William J. Josler, Verlan Fire Insurance Company, NH [I] (Alt. to George A. Seuss, Jr.) David W. Owen, ExxonMobil Corporation, VA [M] (Alt. to Clark D. Shepard) Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT] (Alt. to Alfredo M. Ramirez) Douglas A. Rivers, 3M Company, MN [U] (Alt. to Arlyn H. Poppen)

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Ronald G. Schaffhauser, PPG Industries, Inc., PA [M] (Alt. to Larry M. Kreh) Joseph L. Scheffey, Hughes Associates, Inc., MD [SE] (Alt. to Jack Woycheese) Orville M. Slye, Jr., Loss Control Associates Inc., PA [SE] (Alt. to Anthony M. Ordile) Beth Tate, Office of the Fire Marshal, Canada [E] (Alt. to Joshy Paul Kallungal) Christopher J. Wieczorek, FM Global, MA [I] (Alt. to John A. LeBlanc)

Nonvoting

Matthew I. Chibbaro, US Department of Labor, DC [E]

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents or portions of documents on safeguarding against the fire and explosion hazards associated with operations that involve the handling, transfer, and use of flammable and combustible liquids, either as a principal activity or as an incidental activity.

Report of the Committee on

Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks

Anthony M. Ordile, ChairLoss Control Associates, Inc., PA [SE]

Peter R. Apostoluk, Greif Inc., OH [M]John A. Davenport, West Point, VA [I]John J. Foley, The RJA Group, Inc., GA [SE]Dwight H. Havens, City of Phoenix Fire Department, AZ [E]Richard J. Hild, DuPont Performance Coatings, DE [M] Rep. National Paint & Coatings AssociationEdward Hildebrandt, Village of Morton Grove, IL [E]Joshy Paul Kallungal, Office of the Fire Marshal, Canada [E]James D. Kieffer, Kieffer & Associates, Inc., Canada [SE]David C. Kirby, Baker Engineering & Risk Consultants, WV [SE]Gregory D. Kirby, CYTEC Industries, Incorporated, WV [U] Rep. American Chemistry CouncilRichard S. Kraus, PSC Petroleum Safety Consultants, VA [M] Rep. American Petroleum InstituteJohn A. LeBlanc, FM Global, MA [I]Jerry Massa, CP Louisiana, Inc., LA [M] Rep. Steel Shipping Container InstituteRoger McKim, LM Property, OR [I] Rep. Property Casualty Insurers Association of AmericaNavin D. Mehta, US Department of Defense, VA [U]Benjamin L. Nelson, Dow Corning Corporation, KY [U] Rep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection SectionDavid P. Nugent, Aon Risk Consultants, Inc., IL [I]Martin J. Pabich, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]Lee Rindfuss, Marsh Risk Consulting, MA [I]Douglas A. Rivers, 3M Company, MN [U]Joseph L. Scheffey, Hughes Associates, Inc., MD [SE]George A. Seuss, Jr., Verlan Fire Insurance Company, MD [I]Michael Spence, Brown Sprinkler Corporation, KY [IM] Rep. National Fire Sprinkler AssociationArthur M. Stevens, Stevens Associates, FL [M] Rep. Safeway ProductsDavid C. Tabar, The Sherwin-Williams Company, OH [M]William J. Tomes, TVA Fire and Life Safety, Inc., GA [U] Rep. The Home Depot Hugh Patrick Toner, Darnestown, MD [M] Rep. Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.Martin H. Workman, The Viking Corporation, MI [M] Rep. American Fire Sprinkler Association

Alternates

Tracey D. Bellamy, TVA Fire and Life Safety, Inc., GA [U] (Alt. to William J. Tomes) Rep. The Home Depot Phillip A. Brown, American Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc., TX [M] (Alt. to Martin H. Workman) Robert H. Christopher, R-C Associates, DE [M] (Alt. to Richard J. Hild) Rep. National Paint & Coatings Association Brian J. Clark, Liberty Mutual Group, MA [I] (Alt. to Roger McKim) Rep. Property Casualty Insurers Association of America Jonathan M. Eisenberg, The RJA Group, Inc., MA [SE] (Alt. to John J. Foley)

Pravinray D. Gandhi, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to Martin J. Pabich) Steven A. Giovagnoli, GE Insurance Solutions, IL [I] (Alt. to John A. Davenport) Donald B. Hicks, Dow Corning Corporation, MI [U] (Alt. to Benjamin L. Nelson) Rep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection Section William J. Josler, Verlan Fire Insurance Company, NH [I] (Alt. to George A. Seuss, Jr.) Craig A. Martens, Fire Station �, AZ [E] (Alt. to Dwight H. Havens) John A. McQuaid, Steel Shipping Container Institute, DC [M] (Alt. to Jerry Massa) Gregory A. Milewski, Shell Oil Company, TX [M] (Alt. to Richard S. Kraus) Rep. American Petroleum Institute Arlyn H. Poppen, 3M Company-Industrial Business, MN [U] (Alt. to Douglas A. Rivers) Orville M. Slye, Jr., Loss Control Associates Inc., PA [SE] (Alt. to Anthony M. Ordile) Ronald J. Stephens, Allan Automatic Sprinkler Corp. of Southern California, CA [IM] (Alt. to Michael Spence) Rep. National Fire Sprinkler Association David C. Swenson, The Sherwin-Williams Company, OH [M] (Alt. to David C. Tabar) Beth Tate, Office of the Fire Marshal, Canada [E] (Alt. to Joshy Paul Kallungal) Daniel J. Venier, Marsh USA Inc., MI [I] (Alt. to Lee Rindfuss) Christopher J. Wieczorek, FM Global, MA [I] (Alt. to John A. LeBlanc) Jack Woycheese, Hughes Associates, Inc., CA [SE] (Alt. to Joseph L. Scheffey)

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents or portions of documents on safeguarding against the fire and explosion hazards associated with the storage, warehousing, and display merchandising of flammable and combustible liquids in containers and in portable tanks whose capacity does not exceed �500 liters (660 gallons).

Report of the Committee on

Tank Storage and Piping Systems

Brooke B. Smith, Jr., ChairAspen Engineering Inc., CO [SE]

Steven P. Allwein, Morrison Brothers Company, IA [M]Gary T. Austerman, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE]James C. Brundage, III, Atlanta Fire Department, GA [E]Sullivan D. Curran, Fiberglass Tank & Pipe Institute, TX [M] Rep. Fiberglass Tank & Pipe Institute John A. Davenport, West Point, VA [I]Charles A. Davis, URS Corporation, FL [SE]Wayne B. Geyer, Steel Tank Institute, IL [M]John P. Hartmann, John Hartmann & Associates, IL [SE]Dwight H. Havens, City of Phoenix Fire Department, AZ [E]Douglas L. Jeffries, Chevron Energy Technology Company, CA [U] Rep. American Petroleum Institute Joshy Paul Kallungal, Office of the Fire Marshal, Canada [E]Timothy P. Keigher, Nebraska Petroleum Marketers & Convenience Store Assn., NE [U] Rep. Petroleum Marketers Association of America James D. Kieffer, Kieffer & Associates, Inc., Canada [SE]David C. Kirby, Baker Engineering & Risk Consultants, WV [SE]Gregory D. Kirby, CYTEC Industries, Incorporated, WV [U] Rep. American Chemistry CouncilSusan M. Preske, St. Paul Travelers, NY [I]Robert N. Renkes, Petroleum Equipment Institute, OK [M]John W. Richmond, Sr., Eastman Chemical Company, TN [U]Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]Clark D. Shepard, ExxonMobil Corporation, VA [U]Orville M. Slye, Jr., Loss Control Associates Inc., PA [SE]Jack Woycheese, Hughes Associates, Inc., CA [SE]Andrea R. Zajac, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, MI [E]

Alternates

Luis F. Arango, GE Insurance Solutions, TX [I] (Alt. to John A. Davenport)John H. Bagnall, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, MO [SE] (Alt. to Gary T. Austerman)Rodney Hoke, URS Corporation, FL [SE]

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 (Alt. to Charles A. Davis)Makhoul (Mike) T. Kadri, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, MI [E] (Alt. to Andrea R. Zajac)Richard S. Kraus, PSC Petroleum Safety Consultants, VA [U] (Alt. to Douglas L. Jeffries) Rep. American Petroleum InstitutePatrick A. McLaughlin, McLaughlin & Associates, RI [M] (Alt. to Sullivan D. Curran) Rep. Fiberglass Tank & Pipe Institute Anthony M. Ordile, Loss Control Associates, Inc., PA [SE] (Alt. to Orville M. Slye, Jr.) David W. Owen, ExxonMobil Corporation, VA [U] (Alt. to Clark D. Shepard)Charles R. Plummer, PPM Consultants, Inc., LA [U] (Alt. to Timothy P. Keigher) Rep. Petroleum Marketers Association of AmericaAlfredo M. Ramirez, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to Roland A. Riegel)Jeffrey M. Shapiro, International Code Consultants, TX [M] (Alt. to Wayne B. Geyer) Rep. Steel Tank Institute Beth Tate, Office of the Fire Marshal, Canada [E] (Alt. to Joshy Paul Kallungal)

Nonvoting

David L. Blomquist, Blomquist Fire Protection Engineering, CA (Member Emeritus)Donald M. Johnson, Walnut Creek, CA (Member Emeritus)

Staff Liaison: Robert P. Benedetti

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents or portions of documents on safeguarding against the fire and explosion hazards associated with the storage of flammable and combustible liquids in fixed aboveground and underground tanks of any size, including tanks in buildings, except as specifically covered by other NFPA documents, and with the installation of piping systems for flammable and combustible liquids. This Committee shall also have primary responsibility for documents or portions of documents on safeguarding against the fire and explosion hazards associated with the storage of flammable and combustible liquids in portable tanks whose capacity exceeds �500 liters (660 gallons).

These lists represent the membership at the time each Committee was balloted on the text of this report. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the front of the document.

The Report of the Committee on Flammable and Combustible Liquids is presented for adoption, as follows:

The Technical Committee on Flammable and Combustible Liquids proposes for adoption, amendments to NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, �003 edition. NFPA 30-�003 is published in Volume � of the �004/�005 National Fire Codes and in separate pamphlet form.

The Reports were prepared by the:

• Technical Correlating Committee on Flammable and Combustible Liquids (FLC-AAC)

• Technical Committee on Fundamentals (FLC-FUN)• Technical Committee on Operations (FLC-OPS)• Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and

Portable Tanks (FLC-SWC)• Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems (FLC-

TAN)

This Report was prepared by the individual Technical Committees. The results of the balloting, after circulation of any negative votes, can be found in the report.

This Report has also been submitted to letter ballot of the Technical Correlating Committee on Flammable and Combustible Liquids, which consists of �0 voting members; of whom �0 voted affirmatively.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 ________________________________________________________________ 30-� Log #CP8 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Replace the current Chapter � with the following Chapters � and 4. Chapters � and 3 are not affected by this proposal.

Chapter 1 Administration

1.1 Scope1.1.1* This code shall apply to the storage, handling, and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including waste liquids, as herein defined and classified, in all occupancies.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.1.1.1 This code is recommended for use as the basis for legal regulations. Its provisions are intended to reduce the hazard to a degree consistent with reasonable public safety, without undue interference with public convenience and necessity, of operations that require the use of flammable and combustible liquids. Compliance with this code does not eliminate all hazards in the use of flammable and combustible liquids. (See the Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code Handbook for additional explanatory information.)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.1.2 This code shall not apply to the following:(1)* Any liquid that has a melting point equal to or greater than 37.8°C (�00°F) or that does not meet the criteria for fluidity given in the definition for liquid in Chapter 4 Section �.7(2) Any liquefied gas or cryogenic liquid as defined in Chapter 3(3)* Any liquid that does not have a flash point, but which is capable of burning under certain conditions; such liquids include certain halogenated hydrocarbons and certain mixtures of flammable or combustible liquids and halogenated hydrocarbons(4)* Any aerosol product(5) Any mist, spray, or foam1.1.3 This code shall also not apply to the following:(6)* (1)* Transportation of flammable and combustible liquids as governed by the U.S. Department of Transportation(7)* (2)* Storage, handling, and use of fuel oil tanks and containers connected with oil-burning equipment ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.1.1.2(1) Liquids that are solid at 37.8°C (�00°F) or above, but are handled, used, or stored at temperatures above their flash points, should be reviewed against pertinent sections of this code.A.1.1.2(3) Certain mixtures of flammable or combustible liquids and halogenated hydrocarbons either do not exhibit a flash point using the standard closed-cup test methods or will exhibit elevated flash points. However, if the halogenated hydrocarbon is the more volatile component, preferential evaporation of this component can result in a liquid that does have a flash point or has a flash point that is lower than the original mixture. In order to evaluate the fire hazard of such mixtures, flash point tests should be conducted after fractional evaporation of �0, �0, 40, 60, or even 90 percent of the original sample or other fractions representative of the conditions of use. For systems such as open process tanks or spills in open air, an open-cup test method might be more appropriate for estimating the fire hazard.A.1.1.2(4) See NFPA 30B, Code for the Manufacture and Storage of Aerosol Products.A.1.1.2(6) {A.1.1.3(1)} Requirements for transportation of flammable and combustible liquids are found in NFPA 385, Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, and in 49 CFR �00–�99.A.1.1.2(7) {A.1.1.3(2)} See NFPA 3�, Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.1.3 Quantity Exemptions. [RESERVED]1.2* Purpose. The purpose of this code shall be to provide fundamental safeguards reasonable requirements for the safe storage, and handling, and use of flammable and combustible liquids.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.1.2 Requirements for the safe storage and use of the great variety of flammable and combustible liquids commonly available depend primarily on their fire characteristics, particularly the flash point, which is the basis for the classification system given in Section �.7. It should be noted that a liquid’s classification can be changed by contamination. For example, placing a Class II liquid into a tank that last contained a Class I liquid can change the flash point of the former so that it falls into the range of a Class I liquid. The same situation can exist where a Class II liquid is exposed to the vapors of a Class I liquid via an interconnecting vapor line. (See 5.7.�.3 and 5.7.�.7.) Care should be exercised in such cases to apply the requirements appropriate to the actual classification. Refer to Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials or NFPA Haz-Mat Quick Guide, for flash point and other fire hazard data.The volatility of a liquid is increased by heating. Where Class II or Class III liquids are exposed to storage conditions, use conditions, or process operations where they are naturally or artificially heated up to or above their flash points,

additional fire safety features, such as ventilation, separation from ignition sources, diking, or electrical area classification, might be necessary.Additional fire safety considerations might also be necessary for the safe storage and use of liquids that have unusual burning characteristics, that are subject to self-ignition when exposed to air, that are highly reactive with other substances, that are subject to explosive decomposition, or that have other special properties that dictate safeguards over and above those specified for a normal liquid of similar flash point classification.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.3 Application. The requirements in this code shall apply to users, producers, distributors, and others who are involved with the storage, handling, or use of flammable and combustible liquids.1.3.1 Chapters � through 8 shall apply to all facilities where flammable or combustible liquids are stored, handled, or used.1.3.2 Chapters 9 through �� shall apply to the storage of flammable or combustible liquids in containers and intermediate bulk containers in the occupancies covered by the scope of each chapter.1.3.3 Chapter �3 shall apply to the storage of flammable or combustible liquids in containers and intermediate bulk containers in hazardous materials storage lockers.1.3.4 Chapter �4 shall apply to the storage of flammable or combustible liquids in containers and intermediate bulk containers outside.1.3.5 Chapter �5 shall apply to fire protection design criteria used to protect storage of flammable or combustible liquids in containers and intermediate bulk containers.1.3.6 Chapter �7 shall apply to the design and construction of facilities where flammable or combustible liquids are processed or used.1.3.7 Chapter �8 shall apply to the general requirements related to handling, dispensing, transfer, and use of flammable or combustible liquids.1.3.8 Chapter �9 shall apply to specific equipment and specific operations that use flammable or combustible liquids.1.3.9 Chapters �� through �6 shall apply to bulk storage of flammable or combustible liquids in tanks.1.3.10 Chapter �7 shall apply to piping systems for transferring flammable or combustible liquids.1.3.11 Chapter �8 shall apply to loading and unloading systems associated with bulk storage in tanks.1.4* Retroactivity. The provisions of this code reflect a consensus of what is necessary to provide an acceptable degree of protection from the hazards addressed in this code at the time the code was issued.1.4.1 Unless otherwise specified, the provisions of this code shall not apply to facilities, equipment, structures, or installations that existed or were approved for construction or installation prior to the effective date of the code. Where specified, the provisions of this code shall be retroactive.1.4.2 In those cases where the authority having jurisdiction determines that the existing situation presents an unacceptable degree of risk, the authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to apply retroactively any portion of this code deemed appropriate.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.1.4.2 {A.1.4} An existing situation involving a distinct hazard to life or adjacent property includes conditions that might result in an explosion or sudden escalation of a fire. Examples include but are not limited to inadequate ventilation of confined spaces, lack of adequate emergency venting of a tank, failure to fireproof the supports of elevated tanks, or lack of drainage or dikes to control spills.

1.4.3 The retroactive requirements of this code shall be permitted to be modified if their application clearly would be impractical in the judgment of the authority having jurisdiction, and only where it is clearly evident that a reasonable degree of safety is provided.1.5 Equivalency. Nothing in this code is intended to prevent the use of systems, methods, or devices of equivalent or superior quality, strength, fire resistance, effectiveness, durability, and safety over those prescribed by this code. Technical documentation shall be submitted to the authority having jurisdiction to demonstrate equivalency. The system, method, or device shall be approved for the intended purpose by the authority having jurisdiction.1.5.1 The provisions of this code shall be permitted to be altered at the discretion of the authority having jurisdiction after consideration of special situations, such as topographical conditions of the site, presence or absence of protective features (e.g., barricades, walls, etc.), adequacy of building exits, the nature of the occupancy, proximity to buildings or adjoining property and the construction of such buildings, capacity and construction of proposed storage tanks and the nature of the liquids to be stored, the nature of the process, the degree to which private fire protection is provided, and the capabilities of the local fire department. Such alternate arrangements shall provide protection at least equivalent to that required by this code.1.5.2 The provisions of this code shall also be permitted to be altered at the discretion of the authority having jurisdiction in cases where other regulations, such as those for environmental protection, impose requirements that are not anticipated by this code. Such alternate arrangements shall provide protection at least equivalent to that required by this code.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 1.5.3 Installations made in accordance with the applicable requirements of the following standards shall be deemed to be in compliance with this code:(1) NFPA 30A, Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages(2) NFPA 3�, Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment(3) NFPA 3�, Standard for Drycleaning Plants(4) NFPA 33, Standard for Spray Application Using Flammable or Combustible Materials(5) NFPA 34, Standard for Dipping and Coating Processes Using Flammable or Combustible Liquids(6) NFPA 35, Standard for the Manufacture of Organic Coatings(7) NFPA 36, Standard for Solvent Extraction Plants(8) NFPA 37, Standard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines(9) NFPA 45, Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals(10) Chapter �0 of NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care Facilities1.6 Units and Formulas1.6.1 [Reserved]1.6.2 Use of Other Units. If a value for measurement given in this standard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated shall be regarded as the requirement. The given equivalent value shall be considered to be approximate.1.7 Code Adoption Requirements1.8 Permits

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications [To Be Provided]

Chapter 3 Definitions, Symbols, and Units [To Be Provided]

Chapter 4 {Section 1.7} Definition and Classification of Liquids

4.1 Scope.4.1.1 {1.7.1} This chapter shall establish a uniform system of defining and classifying flammable and combustible liquids for the purpose of proper application of this code.4.1.2 {new} The definitions and classifications of this chapter shall apply to any liquid within the scope of, and subject to, the requirements of this code.4.2 Specific Definitions. For the purposes of this chapter and this code, the terms in this section shall have the definitions given.4.2.1* {1.7.2.1} Boiling Point. The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure. For purposes of defining the boiling point, atmospheric pressure shall be considered to be �4.7 psia (760 mm Hg). For mixtures that do not have a constant boiling point, the �0 percent evaporated point of a distillation performed in accordance with ASTM D 86, Standard Method of Test for Distillation of Petroleum Products, shall be considered to be the boiling point.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.4.2.1 {A.1.7.2.1} At the boiling point, the surrounding atmospheric pressure can no longer hold the liquid in the liquid state and the liquid boils. A low boiling point is indicative of a high vapor pressure and a high rate of evaporation.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.2.2* {1.7.2.2} Flash Point. The minimum temperature of a liquid at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitible mixture with the air, near the surface of the liquid or within the vessel used, as determined by the appropriate test procedure and apparatus specified in Section 4.5.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.4.2.2 {A.1.7.2.2} Flash point is a direct measure of a liquid’s ability to emit flammable vapors. The lower the flash point, the greater the risk of fire. Flash point is determined using one of several different test procedures and apparatus that are specified in Section 4.5.A liquid that has a flash point at or below ambient temperature is easy to ignite and will burn quickly. On ignition, the spread of flame over the surface of such a liquid will be rapid, because it is not necessary for the fire to expend energy heating the liquid to generate more vapor. Gasoline is a familiar example. A liquid with a flash point above ambient temperature presents less risk because it must be heated to generate enough vapor to become ignitible; it is more difficult to ignite and presents less potential for the generation and spread of vapor. A common example is home heating oil (Fuel Oil No. �). Home heating oil must be atomized to a fine mist in order for it to be easily ignited.Certain solutions of liquids in water exhibit a flash point using the standard closed-cup test procedures but will not burn and could even extinguish a fire. To assist identifying such solutions, the following standards are helpful: (1) ASTM D 4�07, Standard Test Method for Sustained Burning of Low Viscosity Liquid Mixtures by the Wick Test(2) ASTM D 4�06, Standard Test Method for Sustained Burning of Liquid Mixtures Using the Small Scale Open-Cup Apparatus Liquid mixtures that do not sustain combustion for a specified time at a specified temperature are considered to be noncombustible. The tests described in the references listed in (�) and (�) provide additional data for determining proper storage and handling of such mixtures. In a confined space, such mixtures could still create an ignitible vapor–air mixture, depending on the

amount of flammable liquid in the mixture and the quantity of the spill.Related to the flash point is the fire point. The fire point of a liquid is the temperature at which ignition of vapors will result in continued burning. As the term flash point suggests, the vapors generated at that temperature will flash but will not necessarily continue to burn. The difference between flash point and fire point has some significance when conducting flash point tests [see 6.�.� references to ASTM D 9�, Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup, and 49 CFR (U.S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations), Method of Testing for Sustained Combustibility.] However, a closed-cup flash point is used to classify the liquid and characterize its hazard.For more information, see ASTM E 50�, Standard Test Method for Selection and Use of ASTM Standards for the Determination of Flash Point of Chemicals by Closed Cup Methods, and the ASTM Manual on Flash Point Standards and Their Use.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.2.3 {1.7.2.3} Liquid. Any material that has a fluidity greater than that of 300 penetration asphalt when tested in accordance with ASTM D 5, Standard Method of Test for Penetration of Bituminous Materials.4.2.4* {1.7.2.4} Vapor Pressure. The pressure, measured in pounds per square inch, absolute (psia), exerted by a liquid, as determined by ASTM D 3�3, Standard Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method).------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.4.2.4 {A.1.7.2.4} Vapor pressure is a measure of the pressure that the liquid exerts against the atmosphere above it. Just as the atmosphere exerts pressure on the surface of the liquid, the liquid pushes back. Vapor pressure is normally less than atmospheric pressure and is a measure of the liquid’s tendency to evaporate (i.e., to move from the liquid to the gaseous state). This tendency is also referred to as volatility, thus the use of the term volatile to describe liquids that evaporate very easily. The higher the vapor pressure, the greater the rate of evaporation and the lower the boiling point. Simply put, this means more vapors and increased fire risk.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.3* {1.7.3} Definition and Classification of Liquids. Any liquid within the scope of this code and subject to the requirements of this code shall be known generally as either a flammable liquid or a combustible liquid and shall be defined in accordance with this subsection and classified in accordance with Section 4.4.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.4.3 {A.1.7.3} The classification of liquids is based on flash points that have been corrected to sea level, in accordance with the relevant ASTM test procedures. At high altitudes, the actual flash points will be significantly lower than those either observed at sea level or corrected to atmospheric pressure at sea level. Allowances could be necessary for this difference in order to appropriately assess the risk.Table A.4.3 A.�.7.3 presents a comparison of the definitions and classification of flammable and combustible liquids, as set forth in Section �.7 of this code, with similar definitions and classification systems used by other regulatory bodies.The Hazardous Materials Regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), as set forth in the 49 CFR �73.��0(b)(�) and �73.�50(f), provide an exception whereby a flammable liquid that has a flash point between 37.8°C (�00°F) and 60.5°C (�4�°F) and does not also meet the definition of any other DOT hazard class can be reclassified as a combustible liquid [i.e., one having a flash point above 60.5°C (�4�°F)] for shipment by road or rail within the United States.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.3.1 {1.7.3.1} Combustible Liquid. Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above �00°F (37.8°C). Combustible liquids shall be classified in accordance with 4.4.�.4.3.2 {1.7.3.2} Flammable Liquid. Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below �00°F (37.8°C) and a Reid vapor pressure that does not exceed 40 psia (�068.6 mm Hg) at �00°F (37.8°C), as determined by ASTM D 3�3, Standard Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method). Flammable liquids shall be classified in accordance with 4.4.�.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.4.3.2 {A.1.7.3.2} For the purposes of this code, a material with a Reid Vapor Pressure greater than �068 mm Hg absolute (40 psia) is considered to be a gas and is, therefore, not within the scope of NFPA 30. See NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.4 Classification of Liquids. Any liquid within the scope of this code and subject to the requirements of this code shall be classified in accordance with this section.4.4.1 {1.7.3.2} Flammable liquids shall be classified in accordance with (�), (�), and (3) below.Class I Liquid.(1) Class IA Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point below 73°F (��.8°C) and a boiling point below �00°F (37.8°C).(2) Class IB Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point below 73°F (��.8°C)

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 and a boiling point at or above �00°F (37.8°C).(3) Class IC Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 73°F (��.8°C), but below �00°F (37.8°C).4.4.2 {1.7.3.1} Combustible liquids shall be classified in accordance with (�), (�), and (3) below. (1) Class II Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above �00°F (37.8°C) and below �40°F (60°C).(2) Class III Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above �40°F (60°C)(a) Class IIIA Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above �40°F (60°C), but below �00°F (93°C).(b) Class IIIB Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above �00°F (93°C).4.5 {1.7.4} Determination of Flash Point The flash point of a liquid shall be determined according to the methods specified in this subsection.4.5.1 {1.7.4.1} Except as specified in 4.5.�.�, the flash point of a liquid having a viscosity below 5.5 centiStokes at 40°C (�04°F) or below 9.5 centiStokes at �5°C (77°F) shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 56, Standard Method of Test for Flash Point by the Tag Closed Cup Tester.4.5.1.1 {1.7.4.1} Cut-back asphalts, liquids that tend to form a surface film, and liquids that contain suspended solids shall not be tested in accordance with ASTM D 56, even if they otherwise meet the viscosity criteria. Such liquids shall be tested in accordance with 4.5.�.4.5.2 {1.7.4.2} The flash point of a liquid having a viscosity of 5.5 centiStokes or more at 40°C (�04°F) or 9.5 centiStokes or more at �5°C (77°F) or a flash point of 93.4°C (�00°F) or higher shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 93, Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by the Pensky-Martens Closed Tester.4.5.3 {1.7.4.3} As an alternative, ASTM D 3�78, Standard Method of Tests for Flash Point of Liquids by Setaflash Closed Tester, shall be permitted to be used for paints, enamels, lacquers, varnishes, and related products and their components that have flash points between 0°C (3�°F) and ��0°C (�30°F) and viscosities below �50 Stokes at �5°C (77°F).4.5.4 {1.7.4.4} As an alternative, ASTM D 38�8, Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Tester, shall be permitted to be used for materials other than those for which ASTM D 3�78 is specifically required.4.6 Relationship to Other Classification Systems [RESERVED]Substantiation: The proposed rewrite of Chapter � into two separate chapters incorporates a new HazMat template that standardizes the format and structure of all NFPA documents dealing with storage and handling of hazardous materials. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-� Log #�8 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (1.1.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Kenneth M. Elovitz Foxboro, MA Recommendation: Add subsection (3) to read as follows: (3)* Storage, handling, and use of liquid fuel tanks connected with stationary combustion engines and gas turbines. A.�.�.3(3) See NFPA 37, Standard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines. Substantiation: The proposed language is needed to avoid confusion by clarifying that NFPA 30 does not apply to fuel tanks for engines. NFPA 37 has requirements for fuel handling for engines. The NFPA 37 committee attempts to make the requirements in NFPA 37 consistent with NFPA 30 and NFPA 3� with appropriate modifications specific to engine installations. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-3 Log #CP6 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (1.7.2.3 and Chapter 3 Definitions ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Revise �.7.�.3 and 3.3.�5, definition of “Liquid”, to read as follows: “Any material that has: (�) a fluidity greater than that of 300 penetration asphalt when tested in accordance with ASTM D5, Standard Method of Test for Penetration of Bituminous Materials; or (�) is a viscous substance for which a specific melting point cannot be determined, but that is determined to be a liquid in accordance with ASTM D4359, Standard test for Determining whether a Material is a Liquid or a Solid. Substantiation: This change recognizes ASTM 4359, which is used by the U. S. Department of Transportation and Transport Canada to determine whether a particular commodity is treated as a liquid or a solid for purposes of transportation. The Technical Committee recognizes that the same physical state should apply for storage as for transport. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21

Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-4 Log #�4 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (2.3.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: ASTM F85�, Standard Specification for Portable Gasoline Containers for Consumer Use, �999. ASTM F976, Standard Specification for Portable Keros i e ne and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use, �00� �999 . Substantiation: The proposed revisions are simple corrections of the referenced ANSI Standards current title and/or date. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-5 Log #�5 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (2.3.7) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: �.3.7 UL Publications. Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 6006�. ANSI/UL 30, Standard for Metal Safety Cans, �999. UL 58, Standard for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, �996 , Revised July �998 . ANSI/ UL 80, Standard for Steel Inside Tanks for Oil Burner Fuel, �996 �004 . UL �4�, Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, �993 , Revised July �00� . UL 97�, Standard for Nonmetallic Underground Piping for Flammable Liquids, �995 , Revised January �004 . ANSI/UL �3�3, Standard for Nonmetallic Safety Cans for Petroleum Products, �993 �003 . ANSI/UL �3�4, Standard for Special Purpose Metal Containers, �995. ANSI/ UL �3�6, Standard for Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic Underground Storage Tanks for Petroleum Products, Alcohols, and Alcohol-Gasoline Mixtures, �994. UL �746, Standard for External Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Storage Tanks, Part I, �993 Revised February �00� . UL �080, Standard for Fire Resistant Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, �000. ANSI/ UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, �997 Revised December �999 . ANSI/ UL ��08, Standard for Solvent Distillation Units, �996 �998 . UL ��45, Standard for Below-Grade Vaults for Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks, �999. UL �368, Standard for Fire Exposure Testing of Intermediate Bulk Containers for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, �00�. Substantiation: The proposed revisions are simple corrections of the referenced UL Standards current title and/or date. The proposed additions are required to support and coordinate proposals in other Chapters for proper identification of Standards for construction and performance requirements ANSI/UL 30 is proposed in 6.�.� (�)(d) ANSI/UL �3�4 is proposed in 6.�.� (�)(e). Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-6 Log #CP� FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Part (Chapter 3 Definitions (GOT)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Adopt the preferred definitions from the NFPA Glossary of Terms for the following terms: Basement. (preferred) NFPA 5000, �00� ed. Story of a building wholly below grade or partly below and partly above grade, located so that the vertical distance from grade to the floor below is greater than the vertical distance from grade to the floor above. Basement. (secondary) NFPA 30, �003 ed. For the purposes of this code, a story of a building or structure having one-half or more of its height below ground level and to which access for fire-fighting purposes is restricted. Building. (preferred) NFPA, ��4�, �003 ed. Any structure used or intended for supporting any occupancy. Building. (secondary) NFPA 30 �003 ed. A structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or occupancy. Damage-Limiting Construction. (preferred) NFPA 664, �00� ed. A building construction method that incorporates exterior wall or roof sections, or both, designed to relieve deflagration pressures without

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 jeopardizing the structural integrity of the building and without allowing the deflagration to propagate into adjacent interior spaces. Damage-Limiting Construction. (secondary) NFPA 30 �003 ed. Any set of construction elements which will act to limit damage from an explosion, including open structures, pressure relieving construction, or pressure resistant construction. These features can be individual or in combination. Dwelling Unit. (preferred) NFPA 5000, �00� ed. One or more rooms arranged for the use of one or more individuals living together, providing complete, independent living facilities, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation. Dwelling Unit. (secondary) NFPA 30, �003 ed. A single unit, providing complete, independent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation. Low-Pressure Tank. (preferred) NFPA ���, �004 ed. A storage tank designed to withstand an internal pressure above 3.5 kPa (0.5 psig) but not more than �0�.4 kPa (�5 psig). Low-Pressure Tank. (secondary) NFPA 30, �003 ed. A storage tank designed to withstand an internal pressure above a gauge pressure of 6.9 kPa (�.0 psig) but not more than �03.4 kPa (�5 psig or � bar gauge) measured at the top of the tank. Protected Aboveground Tank. (preferred) NFPA 30A, �003, ed. An atmospheric aboveground tank provided with integral secondary containment, protection from physical damage, and an insulation system intended to reduce the heat transferred to the primary tank when the tank is exposed to a high intensity liquid pool fire, which is listed in accordance with UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, or an equivalent standard. Protected Aboveground Tank. (secondary) NFPA 30, �003 ed. An aboveground storage tank that is listed in accordance with UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, or an equivalent test procedure that consists of a primary tank provided with protection from physical damage and fire-resistive protection from exposure to a high-intensity liquid pool fire. Ventilation. (preferred) NFPA 40�, �00� ed. The changing of air within a compartment by natural or mechanical means. Ventilation can be achieved by introduction of fresh air to dilute contaminated air or by local exhaust of contaminated air. Ventilation. (secondary) NFPA 30, �003 ed. As specified in this code, movement of air that is provided for the prevention of fire and explosion. Substantiation: Adoption of preferred definitions will assist the user by providing consistent meaning of defined terms throughout the National Fire Codes. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Part Accept the preferred definitions for “Building” and “Dwelling Unit”. Retain the current NFPA 30 definitions for “Basement”, “Damage-Limiting Construction”, “Low Pressure Tank”, and “Ventilation”. Preceed these definitions with the phrase “For the purposes of this Code, “. Reject both definitions of “Protected Aboveground Tank. Committee Statement: The Technical Committee agrees with two of the preferred definitions and these can replace the current definitions for these terms in NFPA 30. The retained definitions are more specific to the scope of NFPA 30 and are delimited for NFPA 30’s use. Both the secondary and preferred definitions for “Protected Aboveground Tank” are rejected because a more appropriate definition has been accepted via Proposal 30-�8 (Log #�9). Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-7 Log #CP� FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 3 Definitions) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Add the following new definitions for “Occupancy” and the various types thereof, as established by NFPA �0�, Life Safety Code. “ 3.3.xx Occupancy. The purpose for which a building or portion thereof is used or intended to be used. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.� Ambulatory Health Care Occupancy. A building or portion thereof used to provide services or treatment simultaneously to four or more patients that provides, on an outpatient basis, one or more of the following: (�) Treatment for patients that renders the patients incapable of taking action for self-preservation under emergency conditions without the assistance of others; (�) Anesthesia that renders the patients incapable of taking action for self-preservation under emergency conditions without the assistance of others; (3) Emergency or urgent care for patients who, due to the nature of their injury or illness, are incapable of taking action for self-preservation under emergency conditions without the assistance of others. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.� Assembly Occupancy. An occupancy (�) used for a gathering of 50 or more persons for deliberation, worship, entertainment, eating, drinking, amusement, awaiting transportation, or similar uses; or (�) used as a special

amusement building, regardless of occupant load. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.3 Business Occupancy. An occupancy used for account and record keeping or the transaction of business other than mercantile. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.4 Day-Care Occupancy. An occupancy in which four or more clients receive care, maintenance, and supervision, by other than their relatives or legal guardians, for less than �4 hours per day. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.5 Detention and Correctional Occupancy. An occupancy used to house four or more persons under varied degrees of restraint or security where such occupants are mostly incapable of self-preservation because of security measures not under the occupants’ control. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.6 Educational Occupancy. An occupancy used for educational purposes through the twelfth grade by six or more persons for 4 or more hours per day or more than �� hours per week. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.7 Health Care Occupancy. An occupancy used for purposes of medical or other treatment or care of four or more persons where such occupants are mostly incapable of self-preservation due to age, physical or mental disability, or because of security measures not under the occupants’ control. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.8 Industrial Occupancy. An occupancy in which products are manufactured or in which processing, assembling, mixing, packaging, finishing, decorating, or repair operations are conducted. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.9 Mercantile Occupancy. An occupancy used for the display and sale of merchandise. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.�0 Residential Occupancy. An occupancy that provides sleeping accommodations for purposes other than health care or detention and correctional. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.�� Residential Board and Care Occupancy. A building or portion thereof that is used for lodging and boarding of four or more residents, not related by blood or marriage to the owners or operators, for the purpose of providing personal care services. [�0�:3.3] 3.3.xx.�� Storage Occupancy. An occupancy used primarily for the storage or sheltering of goods, merchandise, products, vehicles, or animals. [�0�:3.3] “ Delete the current NFPA definitions for these terms. Substantiation: The proposed definitions will replace the current occupancy definitions in NFPA 30 so that NFPA 30 correlates with NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, NFPA �0�, Life Safety Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. The addition of these terms was recommended by the NFPA 30 Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-8 Log #CP3 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 3 Definitions) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Add the following two new definitions: “ 3.3.xx High Hazard Level � Contents. Contents that present a deflagration hazard or a hazard from accelerated burning. For the purposes of this code, this includes Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids that are used or stored in normally open containers or systems, or in closed containers or systems at gauge pressures �5 psi (�03 kPa) or greater. [�:3.3] 3.3.xx High Hazard Level 3 Contents. Contents that readily support combustion or that present a physical hazard. For the purposes of this code, this includes Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids that are used or stored in normally closed containers or systems at gauge pressures of less than �5 psi (�03 kPa). [�:3.3] “ Substantiation: These proposed definitions are critical to the proper application of this code for storage and protection of containers and intermediate bulk containers. These definitions also correlate with NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, NFPA �0�, Life Safety Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. The addition of these terms was recommended by the NFPA 30 Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-9 Log #CP4 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 3 Definitions) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Delete the definitions of “Attached Building” (in 3.3.6.�), “Cutoff Room” (in 3.3.37.�), and “Inside Room” (in 3.3.37.�). Substantiation: These terms are no longer used. The deletion of these terms was recommended by the NFPA 30 Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 ________________________________________________________________ 30-�0 Log #CP5 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Part (Chapter 3 Definitions) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Add the following two new definitions: “ 3.3.xx Liquid Storage Room. A room that is used for the storage of liquids in containers, portable tanks, or intermediate bulk containers, has a floor area that does not exceed 500 sq ft, and may be totally enclosed within a building, i.e., may have no exterior walls. 3.3.xx Liquid Warehouse. A separate, detached building or an attached building that is used for warehousing-type operations for liquids and whose exterior wall comprises at least 75 percent of the building perimeter. “ Substantiation: These proposed definitions are critical to the proper application of this code for storage and protection of containers and intermediate bulk containers. These definitions also correlate with NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, NFPA �0�, Life Safety Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. The addition of these terms was recommended by the NFPA 30 Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Part Accept only the definition for “Liquid Storage Room”. Committee Statement: The definition of “Liquid Warehouse” is not accepted because of its reliance on the exterior perimeter criterion. The building codes will address the perimeter issue and might address it differently than done here. Therefore, the existing definition will be retained. Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. Comment on Affirmative: HAVENS, D.: The existing definition of liquid warehouse still needs some work, based on the changes that we have made to the document. Perhaps something along the line of, “A detached or attached building used for warehousing-type operations of liquids, where the quantities of liquids exceed the established Maximum Allowable Quantities and the building does not otherwise qualify as a liquid storage room.” ________________________________________________________________ 30-�� Log #CP7 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 3 Definitions) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Fundamentals Recommendation: Revise the definition of “Bulk Plant or Terminal” to read: “ Bulk Plant or Terminal. That portion of a property where liquids are received by marine tank vessel, pipelines, tank car, or tank vehicle and are stored or blended in bulk for the purpose of distributing such liquids by marine tank vessel, pipeline, tank car, tank vehicle, portable tank, or container.” Substantiation: As presented, this definition is confusing. The term “bulk plant” is not used in NFPA 30, although it is a recognized term in the petroleum marketing industry. The definition as written more closely describes a terminal. “Marine vessel” is a more accurate term than “tank vessel”. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. Comment on Affirmative: GIL, F.: What about rail cars? STOCKER, W.: I might be mistaken. But, based on discussions at our recent Technical Committee meeting in Chicago, I seem to recall that we were going to change the wording from “Bulk Plant or Terminal” to “Terminal a.k.a. Bulk Plant”. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�� Log #44 FLC-FUN Final Action: Reject (3.3.x Closed-Top Diking and 3.3.x Open Diking (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Rick Thornberry, The Code Consortium, Inc. / Rep. Convault Recommendation: Add new text to read as follows: 3.3.xx Closed-top Diking. A diking arrangement consisting of a factory-built tank and integral dike with a cover designed to prevent precipitation within the boundaries of the diked area. 3.3.xx Open Diking. A diking arrangement where precipitation is not prevented from falling within the boundaries of the diked area. Substantiation: These two terms are proposed for use in a companion Proposal to revise Section 4.3.�.3, so it is necessary that they be defined. Without specific definitions, it would be very difficult to determine what these types of diking actually are supposed to be. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The Technical Committee is not clear whether this definition refers to a type of tank construction or to a type of spill control. The NFPA 30 Technical Committee on Fundamentals asks the NFPA 30 Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems to provide, by public comment, a definition that provides a clear meaning of the term(s), relative to

the Technical Committee’s intent. Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. Comment on Affirmative: GIL, F.: Could we had “also called bund” in the dike definition? This may sound British but that would help some overseas readers. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�3 Log #3� FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle (3.3.x Vaportight (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Add a new definition as follows: 3.3.x Vaportight. The ability of any containment vessel with or without closures to prevent the escape of it’s flammable or combustible contents while in the gas phase at it’s intended normal operating temperature and pressure ranges. Substantiation: The term “vaportight” is found in this standard multiple times and in several other NFPA publications, but is not currently defined in any NFPA publication. The definition is needed for clarity. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Add a new definition of “vaportight” to read: 3.3.xx Vaportight. The ability of an enclosure or device to prevent the unintended release of flammable vapor at normal operating temperature and pressure ranges. Committee Statement: The Technical Committee agrees with the need for this definition, but its version more accurately reflects the committee’s intent and is more easily understood. Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�4 Log #�6 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle in Part (3.3.14 Emergency Relief Vent) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 3.3.x Vent 3.3. �4 x.� Emergency Relief Vent. An opening, construction method, or device in a containment vessel that will automatically relieve excessive internal pressure due to an exposure fire or blockage of the normal vent during filling . 3.3.x.�* Normal Vent . An opening, construction method or device in a containment vessel that will provide a means of equalizing pressures inside and outside the vessel during normal storage or normal operations. A.3.3.x.� During normal storage, the normal vent allows for temperature and pressure changes. Normal operations allows for filling or withdrawal of product from a containment vessel. Substantiation: The proposed revision is intended to clarify the purpose of an emergency relief vent. It also adds a definition of “Normal Vent” and the annex note clarifies what is meant by normal storage and normal operations. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle in Part Add a new definition for “Normal Vent” to read: 3.3.x.� Normal Vent. An opening, construction method or device that allows the relief of excessive internal pressure or vacuum during normal storage and operations. Committee Statement: The current definition of emergency relief vent is accurate; there is no need for the proposed changes. The Technical Committee does agree with the need for a definition of normal vent, but does not agree with the annex text because it is confusing. Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �9 Negative: � Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. Explanation of Negative: KING, J.: The proposed definition of a “normal vent” as written would permit the use of a manually actuated device for relief of excessive internal pressure or vacuum during normal operations. The word “automatic” should be added to the definition to accurately describe how such vents are actually designed to operate. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�5 Log #�7 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle in Part (3.3.38 Safety Can) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 3.3.38 Safety Can. * A listed container of not more than �0 L (5.3 gal) capacity having a spring self -closing lid and spout cover, and so designed that it will safety relieve internal pressure when subject to fire exposure. Add Annex A.3.3.38 (New) as follows: A.3.3.38 Safety cans listed to UL 30, Standard for Metal Safety Cans are limited to 5.0 U.S. gallons (�8.9 L). ANSI/UL �3�3, Standard for Nonmetallic Safety Cans for Petroleum Products allows for 5.0 Imperial gallons (�3 L). Substantiation: The proposed revision is intended to identify the maximum capacities of safety cans and allow alternate closure designs with respect the Standards referenced in 6.�.� (�) (c) (UL�3�3) and proposed d) (UL30).

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle in Part Accept the definition, but not the annex item. Also, change the maximum capacity to �5 L (6.6 gal). Committee Statement: The maximum capacity should be �5 liters to allow safety cans of about 5 Imperial gallons. The annex is not necessary. Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. Comment on Affirmative: GIL, F.: Improve the definition of a “safety can”; it certainly doesn’t seem safe from a static electricity point of view where standard limitations are 5 liters for plastic containers and �0 liters for metallic ones. I know we’re targeting something else here but the “safe” might sound misunderstood. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�6 Log #�8 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (3.3.41.1.x Fire-Resistant Tank (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Add a new definition to read as follows: 3.3.4�.�.x Fire-Resistant Tank. An aboveground storage tank with thermal insulation that has been evaluated for resistance to physical damage and limiting temperature rise of the primary tanks from exposure to a hydrocarbon pool fire and is listed in accordance with UL �080, Standard for Fire Resistant Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids or an equivalent test procedure. Substantiation: Add definition for Fire-Resistant Tank with a definition that reflects current construction and performance requirements of industry. It is clear and concise. This term is used in section 4.�.3.�.� and coordinates with our proposal for a new 4.�.8 to specify performance requirements for fire-resistant tanks. This also coordinates with a proposal to NFPA 30A Section 3.3.�5.� to update the definition to coordinate with NFPA 30. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�7 Log #3� FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle (3.3.41.1 Liquidtight (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Add a new definition as follows: 3.3.x Liquidtight. The ability of any containment vessel with or without closures to prevent the escape of it’s flammable or combustible contents while in the liquid phase at it’s intended normal operating temperature and pressure ranges. Substantiation: Add definition for Liquidtight. The term is found in several sections of this standard, as well as other standards, but is only defined in NFPA 96 as follows: 96-3.3.34 Liquidtight. Constructed and performing in such a manner as not to permit the passage of any liquid at any temperature. It is preferred to limit the temperature and pressure to the intended operating ranges. NFPA 96 covers commercial kitchen equipment that operate at high temperatures. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Add a new definition of “liquidtight” to read: 3.3.x Liquidtight. The ability of an enclosure or device to prevent the unintended release of liquids at normal operating temperature and pressure ranges. Committee Statement: The Technical Committee agrees with the need for a definition of this term, particularly in view of the fact that there is confusion between those in environmental engineering and those in fire protection engineering. The Technical Committee’s version accurately reflects the committee’s intent. Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�8 Log #�9 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (3.3.41.1.1 Protected Aboveground Tank) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise the definition to read as follows: 3.3.4�.�.� Protected Aboveground Tank. An aboveground storage tank that is listed in accordance with UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, or an equivalent test procedure that consists of a primary tank provided with protection from physical damage and fire-resistive protection from exposure to a high-intensity liquid pool fire. 3.3.4�.�.� Protected Aboveground Tank. An aboveground storage tank with thermal insulation that has been evaluated for resistance to physical damage and limiting temperature rise of the primary tanks from exposure to a hydrocarbon pool fire and is listed in accordance with UL�085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids or an equivalent test procedure. Substantiation: Revise definition for Protected Aboveground Tank with a definition that reflects current construction and performance requirements of industry. It is clear and concise. This also coordinates with a proposal to NFPA

30A Section 3.3.�5.4 to coordinate with NFPA 30. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�9 Log #45 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle (3.3.41.1.1 Protected Aboveground Tank) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Rick Thornberry, The Code Consortium, Inc. / Rep. Convault Recommendation: Revise text as follows: 3.3.4�.�.� Protected Aboveground Tank. An aboveground storage tank that is listed in accordance with UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids , or an equivalent test procedure that consists of a primary tank provided with protection from physical damage and fire-resistive protection from exposure to a high-intensity liquid pool fire. 3.3.4�.�.� Protected Aboveground Tank. An atmospheric aboveground tank provided with integral secondary containment, protection from physical damage, and an insulation system intended to reduce the heat transferred to the primary tank when the tank is exposed to a high intensity liquid pool fire, which is listed in accordance with UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids , or an equivalent standard. [30A: 3.3.�5.4] Substantiation: The definitions for “Protected Aboveground Tank” should be the same in both NFPA 30 and 30A. This proposed substitute definition is proposed to be extracted from NFPA 30A. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle See Proposal 30-�8 (Log #�9) Committee Statement: See Proposal 30-�8 (Log #�9) Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�0 Log #30 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept in Principle (3.3.41.4 Portable Tank, and 3.3.x Intermediate Bulk Container (New)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise the definition to read as follows: 3.3.4�.4 Portable Tank. Any closed vessel having a liquid capacity over �30 L (60 gal) intended for storing liquids and occasional transport and not intended for fixed installation. This includes intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) as defined and regulated by the U.S. Department of Transportation . Add a new definition as follows: 3.3.x.x Intermediate Bulk Container. Any closed vessel having a liquid capacity not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal) intended for storing liquids and frequent transport (as defined by U.S. DOT per 49 CFR or UN Part 6) . Substantiation: The proposed revisions and additions are intended to clarify the definitions of IBCs and portable tanks. This also coordinates with a proposed change to NFPA 30A Definitions. Tanks are required to meet construction and performance requirements for structural integrity, fluid compatibility and fire resistance as identified in 4.�.3.�. Tanks do not require fire protection for indoor applications. IBCs are not designed to meet these requirements. IBCs are required to meet construction and performance requirements for transportation use per 6.�.� (�) and require fire protection for indoor applications. Tanks are not designed to meet the requirements for transportation. Without correction, IBCs will continue to be misused as tanks and tanks will continue to be misused as IBCs. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Revise the definitions to read as follows: 3.3.4�.4 Portable Tank. Any closed vessel having a liquid capacity over �30 L (60 gal) intended for storing liquids and occasional transport and not intended for fixed installation. This includes intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) as defined and regulated by the U.S. Department of Transportation . Add a new definition as follows: 3.3.x.x Intermediate Bulk Container. Any closed vessel having a liquid capacity not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal) and intended for storing and transporting liquids, as defined by the U.S. Department of Transportation in Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations or in Part 6 of the United Nations Regulations for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods . Committee Statement: Portable tanks are actually a former version of an intermediate bulk container; they are still allowed for use, but no longer can be manufactured. The changes made to the proposed definitions clarify these terms relative to fixed tanks and smaller containers. Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 ________________________________________________________________ 30-�� Log #CP�7 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 4) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Replace the current Chapter 4 with the following Chapters �� through �5. Chapter 21 General Requirements for All Storage Tanks21.1 {4.1} Scope General.21.1.1 {4.1.1} This chapter shall apply to the following:(1) The storage of flammable and combustible liquids, as defined in �.7.3, in fixed aboveground and underground tanks(2) The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in portable tanks and bulk containers whose capacity exceeds 3000 L (793 gal)(3) The design, installation, testing, operation, and maintenance of such tanks, portable tanks, and bulk containers4.1.2 Applicability. (Reserved)21.2 {4.1.3} Special terms (Reserved)4.1.3.1 Floating Roof Tank. For the purposes of this chapter, a floating roof tank shall mean a tank that incorporates one of the following designs:(1) A closed-top pontoon or double-deck metal floating roof in an open-top tank constructed in accordance with API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage(2) A fixed metal roof with ventilation at the top and roof eaves constructed in accordance with API 650 and containing a closed-top pontoon or double-deck metal floating roof meeting the requirements of API 650(3) A fixed metal roof with ventilation at the top and roof eaves constructed in accordance with API 650 and containing a metal floating cover supported by liquidtight metal floating devices that provide sufficient buoyancy to prevent the liquid surface from being exposed when half of the flotation is lost 4.1.3.1.1 An internal metal floating pan, roof, or cover that does not meet this definition or one that uses plastic foam (except for seals) for flotation, even if encapsulated in metal or fiberglass, shall be considered a fixed roof tank.21.3 Design and Construction of Tanks 21.3.1 General Requirements21.3.1.1 {4.2.1} Tanks shall be permitted to be of any shape, size or type consistent with recognized engineering standards. Metal tanks shall be welded, riveted and caulked, or bolted or constructed using a combination of these methods.21.3.1.2 {4.2.1.1} Tanks designed and intended for aboveground use shall not be used as underground tanks.21.3.1.3 {4.2.1.2} Tanks designed and intended for underground use shall not be used as aboveground tanks. 21.3.2 {4.2.2} Materials of Construction. Tanks shall be designed and built in accordance with recognized engineering standards for the material of construction being used. Tanks shall be of steel or other approved noncombustible material, with the following requirements limitations and exceptions:(1) The materials of construction for tanks and their appurtenances shall be compatible with the liquid to be stored. In case of doubt about the properties of the liquid to be stored, the supplier, producer of the liquid, or other competent authority shall be consulted.(2) Tanks shall be permitted to be constructed of combustible materials when approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Tanks constructed of combustible materials shall be limited to any of the following:(a) Underground installation(b) Use where required by the properties of the liquid stored.(c) Aboveground storage of Class IIIB liquids in areas not exposed to a spill or leak of Class I or Class II liquid.(d) Storage of Class IIIB liquids inside a building protected by an approved automatic fire-extinguishing system.(3) Unlined concrete tanks shall be permitted to be used for storing liquids that have a gravity of 40° API or heavier. Concrete tanks with special linings shall be permitted to be used for other liquids provided they are designed and constructed in accordance with recognized engineering standards. (4) Tanks shall be permitted to have combustible or noncombustible linings. The choice of the lining material and its required thickness shall depend on the properties of the liquid to be stored.(5) An Special engineering evaluation consideration shall be made required if the specific gravity of the liquid to be stored exceeds that of water or if the tank is designed to contain liquids at a liquid temperature below -�7.8°C (0°F).21.3.3 {4.2.3} Design Standards.21.3.3.1 {4.2.3.1} Design Standards for Atmospheric Tanks.21.3.3.1.1* {4.2.3.1.1} Atmospheric tanks, those incorporating secondary containment, shall be designed and constructed in accordance with recognized engineering standards or approved equivalents. Atmospheric tanks that meet any of the following standards shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of ��.3.3.�:A.21.3.3.1.1 Atmospheric tanks include tanks of compartmented design and tanks incorporating secondary containment.(1) UL 58, Standard for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids; UL 80, Standard for Steel Inside Tanks for Oil Burner Fuel; UL �4�, Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids; UL �080, Standard for Fire Resistant Tanks for

Flammable and Combustible Liquids; or UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids(2) API Specification ��B, Bolted Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids; API Specification ��D, Field Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids; API Specification ��F, Shop Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids; or API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage(3) UL �3�6, Standard for Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic Underground Storage Tanks for Petroleum Products, Alcohols, and Alcohol-Gasoline Mixtures(4) UL �746, Standard for External Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Storage Tanks21.3.3.1.2 {4.2.3.1.2} Except as provided for in ��.3.3.�.3 and ��.3.3.�.4, atmospheric tanks designed and constructed in accordance with Appendix F of API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, shall be permitted to operate at pressures from atmospheric to a gauge pressure of 6.9 kPa (�.0 psig). All other tanks shall be limited to operation from atmospheric to a gauge pressure of 3.5 kPa (0.5 psig).21.3.3.1.3 {4.2.3.1.2, Exc. #1} Atmospheric tanks that are not designed and constructed in accordance with Appendix F of API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, shall be permitted to operate at pressures from atmospheric to a gauge pressure of 6.9 kPa (�.0 psig) only if an engineering analysis is performed to determine that the tank can withstand the elevated pressure. 21.3.3.1.4 {4.2.3.1.2, Exc #2} Horizontal cylindrical and rectangular tanks built according to any of the standards specified in ��.3.3.�.� shall be permitted to operate at pressures from atmospheric to a gauge pressure of 6.9 kPa (�.0 psig) and shall be limited to a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig) under emergency venting conditions. 21.3.3.1.5 {4.2.3.1.3} Low-pressure tanks and pressure vessels shall be permitted to be used as atmospheric tanks.21.3.3.1.6 {4.2.3.1.4} Atmospheric tanks shall not be used to store a liquid at a temperature at or above its boiling point.21.3.3.2 Design Standards for Low-Pressure Tanks21.3.3.2.1 {4.2.3.2.1} Low-pressure tanks shall be designed and constructed in accordance with recognized engineering standards or approved equivalents. Low-pressure tanks that meet either of the following standards shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of ��.3.3.�:(1) API 6�0, Recommended Rules for the Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks.(2) ASME Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels, Section VIII, Division �.21.3.3.2.2 {4.2.3.2.2} Low-pressure tanks shall not be operated above their design pressures.21.3.3.2.3 {4.2.3.2.3} Pressure vessels shall be permitted to be used as low-pressure tanks.21.3.3.3 {4.2.3.3} Design Standards for Pressure Vessels21.3.3.3.1 {4.2.3.3.1} Tanks with storage pressures above � bar gauge (�5 psig) shall be designed and constructed in accordance with recognized engineering standards or approved equivalents. Pressure vessels that meet any of the following standards shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of ��.3.3.3:(1) Fired pressure vessels shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section I (Power Boilers), or Section VIII, Division � or Division � (Pressure Vessels), as applicable, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.(2) Unfired pressure vessels shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section VIII, Division � or Division �, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.21.3.3.3.2* {4.2.3.3.2} Pressure vessels that do not meet the requirements of ��.3.3.3.�(�) or ��.3.3.3.� (�) shall be permitted to be used provided they are approved approval has been obtained from the state or other governmental jurisdiction in which they are to be used.21.3.3.3.3 {4.2.3.3.3} Pressure vessels shall not be operated above their design pressures. The normal operating pressure of the vessel shall not exceed the design pressure of the vessel.4.2.4 Design of Tank Supports.4.2.4.1* Supports for tanks shall be designed and constructed in accordance with recognized engineering standards or approved equivalents.4.2.4.2 Tanks shall be supported in a manner that prevents excessive concentration of loads on the supported portion of the shell.4.2.4.3 In areas subject to earthquakes, tank supports and connections shall be designed to resist damage as a result of such shocks.4.2.5 Design of Tank Vents.21.3.4 Normal Venting for Tanks21.3.4.1 {4.2.5.1.1} Atmospheric storage tanks shall be adequately vented to prevent the development of vacuum or pressure that can distort the roof of a cone roof tank or that exceeds the design pressure of other atmospheric tanks when filling or emptying the tank or because of atmospheric temperature changes.21.3.4.2 {4.2.5.1.2} Normal vents shall be sized in accordance with either API Standard �000, Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks, or another accepted approved standard. Alternatively, the normal vent shall be at least as large as the largest filling or withdrawal connection but in no case shall it be less than 3� mm (�.�5 in.) nominal inside diameter.21.3.4.3 {4.2.5.1.3} Low-pressure tanks and pressure vessels shall be adequately vented to prevent the development of pressure or vacuum that exceeds the design pressure of the tank or vessel when filling or emptying the

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 tank or vessel or because of atmospheric temperature changes. Means shall also be provided to prevent overpressure from any pump discharging into the tank or vessel when the pump discharge pressure can exceed the design pressure of the tank or vessel.21.3.4.4 {4.2.5.1.4} If any tank or pressure vessel has more than one fill or withdrawal connection and simultaneous filling or withdrawal can be made, the vent size shall be based on the maximum anticipated simultaneous flow.21.3.4.5 {4.2.5.1.5} For tanks equipped with vents that permit pressures to exceed a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig) and for low- pressure tanks and for pressure vessels, the outlet of all vents and vent drains shall be arranged to discharge in a manner that prevents localized overheating of or flame impingement on any part of the tank, if vapors from the vents are ignited.21.3.4.6 {4.2.5.1.6} Tanks and pressure vessels that store Class IA liquids shall be equipped with venting devices that are normally closed except when venting under pressure or vacuum conditions.21.3.4.7 {4.2.5.1.7} Tanks and pressure vessels that store Class IB and Class IC liquids shall be equipped with venting devices or with listed flame arrestors. When used, vent devices shall be normally closed except when venting under pressure or vacuum conditions.21.3.4.8 {4.2.5.1.8} Tanks of 475 m3 (��6,000 gal or 3000 bbl) capacity or less that store crude petroleum in crude-producing areas and outside aboveground atmospheric tanks of less than 3785 L (�000 gal) capacity that contain other than Class IA liquids shall be permitted to have open vents. (See also 22.6.1.1.3.)21.3.4.9* {4.2.5.1.9} Flame arrestors or venting devices required in ��.3.4.6 and ��.3.4.7 shall be permitted to be omitted on tanks that store Class IB or Class IC liquids where conditions are such that their use can, in case of obstruction, result in damage to the tank.21.3.4.10 {4.2.5.4} Piping for normal vents shall be designed in accordance with Chapter �7.2.1.3.5* {4.3.2.5.4} Tank Openings Other than Vents. Fill pipes that enter the top of a tank shall terminate within �50 mm (6 in.) of the bottom of the tank. Fill pipes shall be installed or arranged so that vibration is minimized.Exception No. 1: Fill pipes in tanks whose vapor space under the expected range of normal operating conditions is not in the flammable range or is inerted need not meet this requirement.Exception No. 2: Fill pipes in tanks handling liquids with minimal potential for accumulation of static charge electricity need not meet this requirement provided that the fill line is designed and the system is operated to avoid mist generation and to provide an adequate level of residence time is provided downstream of filters or screens to allow dissipation of such that the generated static charge generated is dissipated.21.3.6* {4.2.6} Design of Storage Tank Corrosion Protection21.3.6.1 {4.2.6} General. Metals used to fabricate the tank shall be thick enough to compensate for internal corrosion expected during the design life of the tank or other approved means of corrosion protection shall be provided.21.3.6.2 {4.2.6.2} Internal Corrosion Protection for All Tanks. Where tanks are not designed in accordance with ��.3.6 or with standards of the American Petroleum Institute, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, or the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. or if corrosion is anticipated beyond that provided for in the design formulas or standards used, additional metal thickness or approved suitable protective coatings or linings shall be provided to compensate for the corrosion loss expected during the design life of the tank.21.4 {4.4} Testing Requirements for Tanks21.4.1 {4.4.1} Initial Testing. All tanks, whether shop-built or field-erected, shall be tested before they are placed in service in accordance with the applicable requirements of the code under which they were built.21.4.1.1 {4.4.1.1} An approved listing mark on a tank shall be considered to be evidence of compliance with this requirement. Tanks not so marked shall be tested before they are placed in service in accordance with recognized engineering standards or in accordance with the requirements for testing in the codes listed in ��.3.3.�.�, ��.3.3.�.�, or ��.3.3.3.�.21.4.1.2 {4.4.1.2} Where the vertical length of the fill and vent pipes is such that, when filled with liquid, the static head imposed on the bottom of the tank exceeds a gauge pressure of 70 kPa (�0 psi), the tank and its related piping shall be tested hydrostatically to a pressure equal to the static head thus imposed. In special cases where the height of the vent above the top of the tank is excessive, the hydrostatic test pressure shall be determined by using recognized engineering standards.21.4.1.3 {4.4.1.3} Before the tank is initially placed in service, all leaks or deformations shall be corrected in an approved acceptable manner. Mechanical caulking shall not be permitted for correcting leaks in welded tanks except for pinhole leaks in the roof.21.4.1.4 {4.4.1.4} Tanks to be operated at pressures below their design pressure shall be tested by the applicable provisions of ��.4.�.� or ��.4.�.� based upon the pressure developed under full emergency venting of the tank.21.4.2* {4.4.2} Tightness Testing. In addition to the tests called for in ��.4.�, all tanks and connections shall be tested for tightness after installation and before being placed in service in accordance with ��.4.�.� through ��.4.�.7, as applicable. Except for underground tanks, this test shall be made at operating pressure with air, inert gas, or water.21.4.2.1 {4.4.2} Air pressure shall not be used to test tanks that contain flammable or combustible liquids or vapors. (See Section �7.7 for testing pressure piping.)21.4.2.2 {4.4.2, Exc.} For field-erected tanks, the tests required by ��.4.�.� or

��.4.�.� shall be permitted to be considered the test for tank tightness.21.4.2.3 {4.4.2.1} Horizontal shop-fabricated aboveground tanks shall be tested for tightness either hydrostatically or with air pressure at not less than a gauge pressure of �0 kPa (3 psig) and not more than a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psig).21.4.2.4 {4.4.2.1} Vertical shop-fabricated aboveground tanks shall be tested for tightness either hydrostatically or with air pressure at not less than a gauge pressure of �0 kPa (�.5 psig) and not more than a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig).21.4.2.5 {4.4.2.2} Single-wall underground tanks and piping, before being covered, enclosed, or placed in use, shall be tested for tightness either hydrostatically or with air pressure at not less than a gauge pressure of �0 kPa (3 psig) and not more than a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psig).21.4.2.6 {4.4.2.3} Underground secondary containment tanks and horizontal aboveground secondary containment tanks shall have the primary (inner) tank tested for tightness either hydrostatically or with air pressure at not less than a gauge pressure of �0 kPa (3 psig) and not more than a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psig).21.4.2.6.1 {4.4.2.3} The interstitial space (annulus) of such tanks shall be tested either hydrostatically or with air pressure at a gauge pressure of �0 to 35 kPa (3 to 5 psig), by vacuum at �8 kPa (5.3 in. Hg), or in accordance with the tank’s listing or manufacturer’s instructions. These limits shall not be exceeded. Care shall be taken to ensure that the interstitial space is not overpressured or subjected to excessive vacuum.21.4.2.6.2 {4.4.2.3} The pressure or vacuum shall be held for not less than � hour or for the duration specified in the listing procedures for the tank.21.4.2.7 {4.4.2.4} Vertical aboveground secondary containment–type tanks shall have their primary (inner) tank tested for tightness either hydrostatically or with air pressure at not less than a gauge pressure of �0 kPa (�.5 psig) and not more than a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig).21.4.2.7.1 {4.4.2.4} The interstitial space (annulus) of such tanks shall be tested either hydrostatically or with air pressure at a gauge pressure of �0 to �7 kPa (�.5 to �.5 psig), by vacuum at �8 kPa (5.3 in. Hg), or in accordance with the tank’s listing or manufacturer’s instructions. These limits shall not be exceeded. Care shall be taken to ensure that the interstitial space is not overpressured or subjected to excessive vacuum.21.4.2.7.2 {4.4.2.4} The pressure or vacuum shall be held for not less than � hour or for the duration specified in the listing procedures for the tank. The pressure or vacuum shall be held for � hour without evidence of leaks.21.4.3* {4.4.3} Additional Testing. Tanks that have been relocated, structurally damaged, repaired, or are suspected of leaking shall be tested in a an approved manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.21.5 {4.5} Fire Prevention and Control21.5.1 {4.5.1} General Requirements21.5.1.1 {4.5.1} Scope This section Section 4.5 shall apply to the commonly recognized management techniques and fire control methods used to prevent or minimize the loss from fire or explosion in tank storage facilities. The wide range in size, design, and location of tank storage facilities shall preclude the inclusion of detailed fire prevention and control methods applicable to all such facilities. The authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to be consulted on specific cases, where applicable; otherwise, qualified engineering judgment shall be exercised.21.5.1.2 {4.5.2} General Requirements. Tank storage facilities shall have fire prevention and control for life safety, for minimizing property loss, and for reducing fire exposure to adjoining facilities resulting from fire and explosion. Compliance with ��.5.� through ��.5.6 6.5.� through 6.5.6 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of ��.5.�21.5.2 {4.5.3} Control of Ignition Sources. In order to prevent the ignition of flammable vapors in tank storage facilities ignition sources shall be controlled in accordance with Chapter 6. 21.5.2.1 {4.5.3.1} General. Precautions shall be taken to prevent the ignition of flammable vapors from sources such as the following:(1) Open flames(2) Lightning(3) Hot surfaces(4) Radiant heat(5) Smoking(6) Cutting and welding(7) Spontaneous ignition(8) Frictional heat or sparks(9) Static electricity(10) Electrical sparks(11) Stray currents(12) Ovens, furnaces, and heating equipment21.5.2.2 {4.5.3.2} Smoking. Smoking shall be permitted only in an approved designated, properly identified areas. This area shall be identified.21.5.2.3* {4.5.3.3} Hot Work. 21.5.2.3.1 {4.5.3.3} Welding, cutting, and similar spark-producing operations shall not be permitted in areas containing flammable liquids until a written permit authorizing such work has been issued.21.5.2.3.2 {4.5.3.3} The permit shall be issued by a person in authority following inspection of the area to assure that proper required precautions have been taken and are will be followed until the job is completed.21.5.2.4* {4.5.3.4} Static Electricity.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 21.5.2.4.1 {4.5.3.4} All equipment such as tanks, machinery, and piping shall be designed and operated to prevent electrostatic ignitions.21.5.2.4.2 {4.5.3.4} All metallic equipment where the potential exists for an ignitable mixture to could be present shall be bonded or grounded.21.5.2.4.3 {4.5.3.4} The bond or ground or both shall be physically applied or shall be inherently present by the nature of the installation.21.5.2.4.4 {4.5.3.4} Any electrically isolated section of metallic piping or equipment shall be bonded or grounded to prevent hazardous accumulation of static electricity.21.5.2.4.5 {4.5.3.4} All nonmetallic equipment and piping where the potential exists for an ignitable mixture to could be present shall be designed and operated to prevent electrostatic ignition given special consideration.21.5.2.5 {4.5.3.5} Electrical Installations. Design, selection, and installation of electrical wiring and electrical utilization equipment shall meet the requirements of Chapter 7.21.5.3 {4.5.4} Management of Fire Hazards. The extent of fire prevention and control provided for tank storage facilities shall be determined by an engineering evaluation of the installation and operation, followed by the application of sound fire protection and process engineering principles. The evaluation shall include, but not be limited to, the following:(1) Analysis of fire and explosion hazards of the facility(2) Analysis of local conditions, such as exposure to and from adjacent properties, flood potential, or earthquake potential(3) Fire department or mutual aid response21.5.4 {4.5.5} Fire Control. Tank storage facilities for Operations involving flammable and combustible liquids shall be reviewed to ensure that fire and explosion hazards resulting from loss of containment of liquids are provided with corresponding fire prevention and emergency action plans. (See also Section 6.�)21.5.5 {4.5.6} Emergency Planning and Training.21.5.5.1 {4.5.6.1} An emergency action plan, consistent with the available equipment and personnel, shall be established to respond to fire or other emergencies. This plan shall address the following:(1) Procedures to be used in case of fire, such as sounding the alarm, notifying the fire department, evacuating personnel, and controlling and extinguishing the fire(2) Appointment and training of persons to carry out fire safety duties(3) Maintenance of fire protection equipment(4) Holding fire drills(5) Shutdown or isolation of equipment to control unintentional reduce the releases escape of liquid(6) Alternate measures for the safety of personnel while any fire protection equipment is shut down21.5.5.2 {4.5.6.2} Personnel responsible for the use and operation of fire protection equipment shall be trained in the use of and be able to demonstrate knowledge of the use or operation of that equipment. Refresher training shall be conducted at least annually. The personnel responsible shall be able to demonstrate knowledge of the use or operation of the fire protection equipment. 21.5.5.3 {4.5.6.3} Planning of effective fire control measures shall be coordinated with local emergency response agencies and. This planning shall include, but not be limited to, the identification of all tanks by location, contents, size, and hazard identification as required in ��.6.�.�.21.5.5.4 {4.5.6.4} Procedures shall be established to provide for safe shutdown of tank storage facilities under emergency conditions. These procedures Provisions shall provide requirements be made for periodic training, inspection, and testing of associated alarms, interlocks, and controls.21.5.5.5 {4.5.6.5} Emergency procedures shall be kept readily available in an operating area. The procedures shall be reviewed and updated whenever conditions change regularly.21.5.5.6 {4.5.6.5} Where tank storage facilities premises are likely to be unattended for considerable periods of time, a summary of the emergency plan shall be posted or located in a strategic and accessible location that is accessible to emergency responders.21.5.6 {4.5.7} Inspection and Maintenance of Fire Protection Equipment21.5.6.1* {4.5.7.1} All fire protection equipment shall be properly maintained, inspected, and tested and periodic inspections and tests shall be done in accordance with regulatory requirements, both standard practices, and equipment manufacturers’ recommendations.A.21.5.6.1 See NFPA �5-�00�, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, or other specific fire protection system standards.21.5.6.2 {4.5.7.2} Maintenance and operating practices at tank storage facilities shall control leakage and prevent spillage of liquids.21.5.6.3 {4.5.7.3} Ground areas around tank storage facilities shall be kept free of weeds, trash, or other unnecessary combustible materials.21.5.6.4 {4.5.7.4} Accessways established for movement of personnel shall be maintained clear of obstructions to permit orderly evacuation and ready access for manual fire fighting in accordance with regulatory requirements and the emergency plan.21.5.6.5 {4.5.7.5} Combustible waste material and residues in operating areas shall be kept to a minimum, stored in covered metal containers, and disposed of daily.21.6 {4.6} Tank Operations and Maintenance of Tanks21.6.1 {4.6.1} Prevention of Overfilling of Tanks

21.6.1.1 {4.6.1.1} Facilities with aboveground tanks at terminals that receive and transfer Class I liquids from mainline pipelines or marine vessels shall establish and follow formal written procedures to prevent overfilling of tanks utilizing one of the following methods of protection: (1) Tanks shall be gauged at intervals in accordance with established procedures at frequent intervals by personnel continuously on the premises during product receipt. with frequent Acknowledged communication shall be maintained with the supplier so flow can be promptly shut down or diverted in accordance with established procedures.(2) Tanks shall be equipped with a high-level detection device that is independent of any gauging equipment. Alarms shall be located where personnel who are on duty throughout product transfer can promptly arrange for flow stoppage or diversion in accordance with established procedures.(3) Tanks shall be equipped with an independent high-level detection system that will automatically shut down or divert flow in accordance with established procedures.(4) Alternatives to instrumentation described in 4.6.�.�(�) and 4.6.�.�(3) where approved by the authority having jurisdiction as affording equivalent protection.21.6.1.2 {4.6.1.1(4)} Alternatives to instrumentation described in ��.6.�.�(�) and ��.6.�.�(3) shall be allowed where approved as affording equivalent protection.21.6.1.3 {4.6.1.2} Instrumentation systems covered in ��.6.�.�(�) and ��.6.�.�(3) shall be electrically supervised or equivalent.21.6.1.4 {4.6.1.3} Formal written procedures required by ��.6.�.� shall include the following: (1) Instructions covering methods to check for proper lineup and receipt of initial delivery to tank designated to receive shipment.(2) Provision for training and monitoring the performance of operating personnel by terminal supervisors supervision.(3) Schedules and procedures for inspection and testing of gauging equipment and high-level instrumentation and related systems. Inspection and testing intervals shall be approved acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction but shall not exceed � year.21.6.1.5 {4.6.1.4} An underground tank shall be equipped with overfill prevention equipment that will operate as follows: (1) Automatically shut off the flow of liquid into the tank when the tank is no more than 95 percent full.(2) Alert the transfer operator when the tank is no more than 90 percent full by restricting the flow of liquid into the tank or triggering the high-level alarm.(3) Other approved methods approved by the authority having jurisdiction21.6.1.6 {4.6.1.5} Shop-fabricated aboveground atmospheric storage tanks, constructed to the recognized standards of ��.3.3.�.�(�) or approved equivalents, shall meet the requirements of ��.6.�.6.� through ��.6.�.6.4 whenever the vertical length from the tank bottom to the top of the fill, normal vent, or emergency vent exceeds 3.7 m (�� ft).21.6.1.6.1 {4.6.1.5.1} An approved means shall be provided to promptly notify the tank filling operator of the pending completion of the tank fill operation at the fill connection.21.6.1.6.2 {4.6.1.5.2} An approved means shall be provided to stop delivery of liquid to the tank prior to the complete filling of the tank.21.6.1.6.3 {4.6.1.5.3} In no case shall these provisions restrict or interfere with the proper functioning of the normal vent or emergency vent.21.6.1.6.4 {4.6.1.5.4} The manufacturer of the tank shall be consulted to determine if reinforcement of the tank is required. If reinforcement is deemed necessary, it shall be done.21.6.2 {4.6.2} Identification and Security21.6.2.1 {4.6.2.1} Emergency Response Identification A sign or marking that meets the requirements of NFPA 704, Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response, or another approved equivalent system, shall be applied to storage tanks containing liquids. The marking shall not need to be applied directly to the tank but shall be located where it can readily be seen, such as on the side of the tank, the shoulder of an accessway or walkway to the tank or tanks or on the piping outside of the diked area. If more than one tank is involved, the markings shall be so located that each tank can readily be identified.21.6.2.2 {4.6.2.2} Unsupervised, isolated aboveground storage tanks shall be secured and shall be marked in such a manner as to identify the fire hazards of the tank and the tank’s contents to the general public. Where necessary to protect the tank from tampering or trespassing, the area where the tank is located shall be secured. The area in which the tank is located shall be protected from tampering or trespassing where necessary.21.6.3 {4.6.3} Tanks in Areas Subject to Flooding21.6.3.1 {4.6.3.1} Water Loading21.6.3.1.1 {4.6.3.1} The filling of a tank to be protected by water loading shall be started as soon as floodwaters are predicted to reach a dangerous flood stage. 21.6.3.1.2 {4.6.3.1} Where independently fueled water pumps are relied upon, sufficient fuel shall be available at all times to permit continuing operations until all tanks are filled.21.6.3.1.3 {4.6.3.1} Tank valves shall be locked in a closed position when water loading has been completed.21.6.3.2 Operating Instructions. Operating instructions or procedures to be followed in a flood emergency shall be readily available to personnel identified in ��.6.3.3.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 21.6.3.3 {4.6.3.3} Personnel Training. Personnel relied upon to carry out flood emergency procedures shall be informed of the location and operation of valves and other equipment necessary to effect the intent of these requirements.21.6.4 {4.6.4} Temporary or Permanent Removal from Service of Aboveground Tanks21.6.4.1* {4.6.4.1} Closure of Storage Tanks Aboveground tanks taken out of service or abandoned shall be emptied of liquid, rendered vapor-free, and safeguarded against trespassing in accordance with NFPA 3�6, Standard for the Safeguarding of Tanks and Containers for Entry, Cleaning, or Repair, or in accordance with the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction.21.6.4.2 {4.6.4.2}Reuse of Aboveground Storage Tanks Aboveground tanks shall be permitted to be reused for flammable or combustible liquids service provided they comply with applicable sections of this code and are approved. Only those used tanks that comply with the applicable sections of this code and are approved by the authority having jurisdiction shall be installed for flammable or combustible liquids service.21.6.5 {4.6.5} Temporary or Permanent Removal from Service of Underground Tanks21.6.5.1 {4.6.5.1} General Underground tanks taken out of service or abandoned shall be emptied of liquid, rendered vapor-free, and safeguarded against trespassing in accordance with this Section and in accordance with NFPA 3�6, Standard for the Safeguarding of Tanks and Containers for Entry, Cleaning, or Repair, or in accordance with the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction. The procedures outlined in this section 4.6.5 shall be followed when taking underground tanks temporarily out of service, closing them in place permanently, or removing them. All applicable safety procedures associated with working in proximity to flammable and combustible materials shall be strictly adhered to. (See Annex C for additional information.)21.6.5.2 {4.6.5.2} Temporary Closure Tanks shall be rendered temporarily out of service only when it is planned that they will be returned to active service, closed in place permanently, or removed within an approved reasonable period not exceeding � year. The following requirements shall be met:(1) Corrosion protection and release detection systems shall be maintained in operation. (2) The vent line shall be left open and functioning.(3) The tank shall be secured against tampering.(4) All other lines shall be capped or plugged.21.6.5.2.1 {4.6.5.3} Tanks remaining temporarily out of service for more than � year shall be permanently closed in place or removed in accordance with ��.6.5.4 or ��.6.5.5, as applicable.21.6.5.3 {4.6.5.4} Permanent Closure in Place Tanks shall be permitted to be permanently closed in place if approved by the authority having jurisdiction. All of the following requirements shall be met:(1) All applicable authorities having jurisdiction shall be notified.(2)* A safe workplace shall be maintained throughout the prescribed activities.(3) All flammable and combustible liquids and residues shall be removed from the tank, appurtenances, and piping and shall be properly disposed of in accordance with regulatory requirements and industry practices, using a written procedure.(4) The tank, appurtenances, and piping shall be made safe by either purging them it of flammable vapors or inerting the potential explosive atmosphere in the tank. Confirmation that the atmosphere in the tank is safe shall be by periodic testing of the atmosphere using a combustible gas indicator, if purging, or an oxygen meter, if inerting, at intervals in accordance with written procedures.(5) Access to the tank shall be made by careful excavation to the top of the tank.(6) All exposed piping, gauging and tank fixtures, and other appurtenances, except the vent, shall be disconnected and removed.(7) The tank shall be completely filled with an inert solid material.(8) The tank vent and remaining underground piping shall be capped or removed.(9) The tank excavation shall be backfilled21.6.5.4 {4.6.5.5} Removal and Disposal Underground tanks shall be removed in accordance with the following requirements:(1) The steps described in ��.6.5.4(�) through ��.6.5.4(5) shall be followed.(2) All exposed piping, gauging and tank fixtures, and other appurtenances, including the vent, shall be disconnected and removed.(3) All openings shall be plugged, leaving a 6 mm (¼ in.) opening to avoid buildup of pressure in the tank.(4) The tank shall be removed from the excavated site and shall be secured against movement.(5) Any corrosion holes shall be plugged.(6) The tank shall be labeled with its former contents, present vapor state, vapor-freeing method, and a warning against reuse.(7) The tank shall be removed from the site as authorized by the authority having jurisdiction promptly, preferably the same day.21.6.5.6 {4.6.5.6} Temporary Storage of Removed Tanks If it is necessary to temporarily store a tank that has been removed, it shall be placed in a secure area where public access is restricted. A 6 mm (¼ in.) opening shall be maintained to avoid buildup of pressure in the tank.21.6.5.7 {4.6.5.7} Disposal of Tanks Disposal of tanks shall meet the following requirements: (1) Before a tank is cut up for scrap or landfill, the atmosphere in the tank

shall be tested in accordance with ��.6.5.4(4) to ensure that it is safe.(2) The tank shall be made unfit for further use by cutting holes in the tank heads and shell.21.6.5.7 {4.6.5.8} Documentation All necessary documentation shall be prepared and maintained in accordance with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations.21.6.5.8 {4.6.5.9} Reuse of Underground Tanks Underground tanks shall be permitted to be reused for underground storage of flammable or combustible liquids provided they comply with applicable sections of this code and are approved. Only those used tanks that comply with the applicable sections of this code and are approved by the authority having jurisdiction shall be installed for flammable or combustible liquids service.21.6.5.9 {4.6.5.10} Change of Service of Underground Tanks. Tanks that undergo any change of stored product shall meet the requirements of Section ��.321.6.6* {4.6.6} Leak Detection and Inventory Records for Underground Tanks Accurate inventory records or a leak detection program shall be maintained on all Class I liquid storage tanks for indication of possible leakage from the tanks or associated piping.21.7 {4.6.7} Inspection and Maintenance of Tanks and Tank Appurtenances21.7.1* {4.6.7.1} Each tank shall be inspected and maintained to ensure compliance with the requirements of this code. Testing requirements for tanks shall be in accordance with Section ��.4.21.7.2 {4.6.7.2} Each tank shall be maintained liquid tight. Each tank that is leaking shall be emptied of liquid or repaired in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.21.7.3 {4.6.7.3} Tanks that have been structurally damaged, have been repaired or reconstructed, or are suspected of leaking shall be tested in accordance with ��.4.� or in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.21.7.4* {4.6.7.4} Tanks and all tank appurtenances, including normal vents, emergency vents and related devices, and overfill prevention devices, shall be maintained to ensure that they function as intended in accordance with written procedures.21.7.5 {4.6.7.5} Openings for gauging on tanks storing Class I liquids shall be provided with a vapor tight cap or cover. Such covers shall be closed when not gauging.

Chapter 22 Aboveground Storage Tanks

22.1 {4.1.1} Scope This chapter shall apply to the following:(1) The storage of flammable and combustible liquids, as defined in Section 4.3, in fixed aboveground storage tanks as defined in 3.3.4�.�.(2) The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in portable tanks and bulk containers whose capacity exceeds 3000 L (793 gal).(3) The installation and operation of such tanks, portable tanks and bulk containers.4.1.2 Applicability. (Reserved)22.2 {4.1.3} Special Terms.22.2.1 {4.1.3.1} Floating Roof Tank. For the purposes of this chapter, a floating roof tank shall mean a tank that incorporates one of the following designs:(1) A closed-top pontoon or double-deck metal floating roof in an open-top tank constructed in accordance with API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage(2) A fixed metal roof with ventilation at the top and roof eaves constructed in accordance with API 650 and containing a closed-top pontoon or double-deck metal floating roof meeting the requirements of API 650(3) A fixed metal roof with ventilation at the top and roof eaves constructed in accordance with API 650 and containing a metal floating cover supported by liquidtight metal floating devices that provide sufficient buoyancy to prevent the liquid surface from being exposed when half of the flotation is lost22.2.1.1 {4.1.3.1.1} For the purposes of this chapter, a tank with an internal metal floating pan, roof, or cover that does not meet ��.�.� this definition or one that uses plastic foam (except for seals) for flotation, even if encapsulated in metal or fiberglass, shall meet the requirements for be considered a fixed roof tank.22.3 {4.3} Installation of Tanks22.3.1 {4.2.4} Tank Supports22.3.1.1 {4.2.4.1} Supports for tanks shall be designed and constructed in accordance with recognized engineering standards or approved equivalents.22.3.1.2 {4.2.4.2} Tanks shall be supported in a manner that prevents excessive concentration of loads on the supported portion of the shell.22.3.1.3 {4.2.4.3} In areas subject to earthquakes, tank supports and connections shall be designed to resist damage as a result of such shocks.22.3.2 {4.3.1} Foundations for and Anchoring of Tanks.22.3.2.1* {4.3.1.1} Tanks shall rest on the ground or on foundations made of concrete, masonry, piling, or steel.22.3.2.2 {4.3.1.1} Tank foundations shall be designed to minimize the possibility of uneven settling of the tank and to minimize corrosion in any part of the tank resting on the foundation.22.3.2.3 {4.3.1.2} Where tanks storing Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids are supported above their foundations, tank supports shall be of concrete, masonry, or protected steel installed on firm foundations. Supports for tanks

30-�4

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 storing Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids shall be of concrete, masonry, or protected steel.Exception: Single wood timber supports (not cribbing), laid horizontally, shall be permitted to be used for outside aboveground tanks if not more than 0.3 m (�� in.) high at their lowest point.22.3.2.4* {4.3.1.3} Steel support structures or exposed piling for tanks storing Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids shall be protected by materials having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours.Exception No. 1: Steel saddles do not need to be protected if less than 0.3 m (�� in.) high at their lowest point.Exception No. 2: At the discretion of the authority having jurisdiction, water spray protection in accordance with NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, or NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, or equivalent shall be permitted to be used.22.3.2.5 {4.3.1.4} Where a tank is located in an area subject to flooding, provisions shall be taken to prevent tanks, either full or empty, from floating during a rise in water level up to the established maximum flood stage.22.4 Location of Outdoor Tanks22.4.1 {4.3.2.1} Location with Respect to Property Lines, Public Ways, and Important Buildings on the Same Property.22.4.1.1 {4.3.2.1.1} Tanks storing Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA stable liquids and operating at pressures not in excess of a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig) shall be located in accordance with Table ��.4.�.�(a) and Table ��.4.�.�(b). Where tank spacing is based on a weak roof-to-shell seam design, the user shall present evidence certifying such construction to the authority having jurisdiction upon request.22.4.1.2 {4.3.2.1.1, Exception} Vertical tanks with weak roof-to-shell seams (see ��.6.�) that store Class IIIA liquids shall be permitted to be located at one-half the distances specified in Table ��.4.�.�(a), provided the tanks are not within the same diked area as, or within the drainage path of, a tank storing a Class I or Class II liquid.22.4.1.3 {4.3.2.1.2} Tanks storing Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA stable liquids and operating at pressures that exceed a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (gauge pressure) (�.5 psig), or are equipped with emergency venting that will permit pressures to exceed a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig), shall be located in accordance with Table ��.4.�.3 and Table ��.4.�.�(b).22.4.1.4 {4.3.2.1.3} Tanks storing liquids with boil-over characteristics shall be located in accordance with Table ��.4.�.4. Liquids with boil-over characteristics shall not be stored in fixed roof tanks larger than 45 m (�50 ft) in diameter, unless an approved inerting system is provided on the tank.

Table 22.4.1.1(a) Installation of Tanks Storing Stable Liquid [Operating Pressure: Not over gauge pressure of 17 kPa (2.5 psig)]

Table 22.4.1.1(b) Reference Table for Use in Tables 22.4.1.1(a), 22.4.1.3, and 22.4.1.5

Table 22.4.1.3 Stable Liquids [Operating Pressure: Greater than gauge pressure of 17 kPa (2.5 psig)]

Table 22.4.1.4 Boil-Over Liquids

22.4.1.5 {4.3.2.1.4} Tanks storing unstable liquids shall be located in accordance with Table ��.4.�.5 and Table ��.4.�.�(b).22.4.1.6 {4.3.2.1.5} Tanks storing Class IIIB stable liquids shall be located in accordance with Table ��.4.�.6.Exception: If located within the same diked area as, or within the drainage path of, a tank storing a Class I or Class II liquid, the tank storing Class IIIB liquid shall be located in accordance with ��.4.�.

Table 22.4.1.5 Unstable Liquids

Table 22.4.1.6 Class IIIB Liquids

22.4.1.7 {4.3.2.1.6} Where two tank properties of diverse ownership have a common boundary, the authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted, with the written consent of the owners of the two properties, to substitute the distances provided in ��.4.� for the minimum distances set forth in ��.4.�.�.22.4.1.8 {4.3.2.1.7} Where end failure of a horizontal pressure tank or vessel can expose property, the tank or vessel shall be placed with its longitudinal axis parallel to the nearest important exposure.22.4.2 {4.3.2.2} Shell-to-Shell Spacing Between Any Two Adjacent Aboveground Tanks.22.4.2.1 {4.3.2.2.1} Tanks storing Class I, Class II, or Class III stable liquids shall be separated by the distances given in Table ��.4.�.�.

22.4.2.1.1 {4.3.2.2.1, Exception No. 1} Tanks storing crude petroleum that have individual capacities not exceeding 480 m3 (��6,000 gal or 3000 bbl) and that are located at production facilities in isolated locations shall not be required do not need to be separated by more than 0.9 m (3 ft).22.4.2.1.2 {4.3.2.2.1, Exception No. 2} Tanks used only for storing Class IIIB liquids shall not be required to need not be separated by more than 0.9 m (3 ft) provided they are not within the same diked area as, or within the drainage path of, a tank storing a Class I or Class II liquid. If located within the same diked area as, or within the drainage path of, a tank storing a Class I or Class II liquid, the tank storing Class IIIB liquid shall be spaced in accordance with the requirements for Class IIIA liquids in Table ��.4.�.�.

Table 22.4.2.1 Minimum Tank Spacing (Shell-to-Shell)

22.4.2.2 {4.3.2.2.2} A tank storing unstable liquid shall be separated from any other tank containing either an unstable liquid or a Class I, II, or III liquid by a distance not less than one-half the sum of their diameters.22.4.2.3 {4.3.2.2.3} Where tanks are in a diked area containing Class I or Class II liquids or in the drainage path of Class I or Class II liquids and are compacted in three or more rows or in an irregular pattern, greater spacing or other means shall be permitted to be required by the authority having jurisdiction to make tanks in the interior of the pattern accessible for fire-fighting purposes.22.4.2.4 {4.3.2.2.4} The minimum horizontal separation between an LP-Gas container and a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid storage tank shall be 6 m (�0 ft).22.4.2.4.1 {4.3.2.2.4} Suitable measures shall be taken to prevent the accumulation of Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids under adjacent LP-Gas containers such as by dikes, diversion curbs, or grading.22.4.2.4.2 {4.3.2.2.4} Where flammable or combustible liquid storage tanks are within a diked area, the LP-Gas containers shall be outside the diked area and at least 3 m (�0 ft) away from the centerline of the wall of the diked area.22.4.2.5 {4.3.2.2.4, Exception No. 1} If a tank storing a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid operates at pressures exceeding a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig) or is equipped with emergency relief venting that will permit pressures to exceed a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig), it shall be separated from an LP-Gas container by the distance given in ��.4.�.�.22.4.2.6 {4.3.2.2.4, Exception No. 2} The requirements of ��.4.�.4 shall not apply where LP-Gas containers of 475 L (��5 gal) or less capacity are installed adjacent to fuel oil supply tanks of �500 L (660 gal ) or less capacity.22.5 {4.3.2.4} Vent Piping for Aboveground Tanks. Piping for normal and emergency relief venting shall be constructed in accordance with Chapter �7.22.5.1 {5.7.1} Vent Piping for Aboveground Tanks.22.5.1.1 {5.7.1.1} Where the outlets of vent pipes for tanks storing Class I liquids are adjacent to buildings or public ways, they shall be located so that vapors are released at a safe point outside of buildings and not less than 3.6 m (�� ft) above the adjacent ground level. Vapors shall be discharged upward or horizontally away from adjacent walls. Vent outlets shall be located so that vapors will not be trapped by eaves or other obstructions and shall be at least �.5 m (5 ft ) from building openings.22.5.1.2 {5.7.1.2} Manifolding of vent piping shall be avoided except where required for special purposes such as vapor recovery, vapor conservation, or air pollution control. Where vent piping is manifolded, pipe sizes shall be capable of discharging, within the pressure limitations of the system, the vapors they are required to handle when all manifolded tanks are subject to the same fire exposure.22.5.1.3 {5.7.1.3} Vent piping for tanks storing Class I liquids shall not be manifolded with vent piping for tanks storing Class II or Class III liquids unless positive means are provided to prevent the following:(1) Vapors of Class I liquids from entering tanks storing Class II or Class III liquids(2) Contamination (see A.�.�)(3) Possible change in classification of the less volatile liquid22.5.1.4* {5.7.1.4} Extension of Emergency Vent Piping. Piping to or from approved emergency vent devices for atmospheric and low-pressure tanks shall be sized to provide emergency vent flows that limit the back pressure to less than the maximum pressure permitted by the design of the tank. Piping to or from approved emergency vent devices for pressure vessels shall be sized in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.22.6 {4.2.5.2} Emergency Relief Venting for Fire Exposure for Aboveground Tanks.22.6.1 General22.6.1.1 {4.2.5.2.1} Every aboveground storage tank shall have emergency relief venting in the form of construction or a device or devices that will relieve excessive internal pressure caused by an exposure fire.22.6.1.1.1 {4.2.5.2.1} This requirement shall also apply to each compartment of a compartmented tank, the interstitial space (annulus) of a secondary containment–type tank, and the enclosed space of tanks of closed-top dike construction.22.6.1.1.2 {4.2.5.2.1} This requirement shall also apply to spaces or enclosed volumes, such as those intended for insulation, membranes, or weather shields, that are capable of can containing liquid because of a leak from the primary vessel and can inhibit venting during fire exposure. The insulation, membrane,

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 or weather shield shall not interfere with emergency venting.22.6.1.1.3 {4.2.5.2.1, Exception} Tanks storing Class IIIB liquids that are larger than 45,400 L (45.4 m3 or ��,000 gal or �85 bbl) capacity and are not within the diked area or the drainage path of tanks storing Class I or Class II liquids do not need to meet the this requirements of ��.6.�.�.22.6.1.2 {4.2.5.2.2} For vertical tanks, the emergency relief venting construction referred to in ��.6.�.� shall be permitted to be a floating roof, a lifter roof, a weak roof-to-shell seam, or another approved pressure-relieving construction.22.6.1.3 {4.2.5.2.3} If unstable liquids are stored, the effects of heat or gas resulting from polymerization, decomposition, condensation, or self-reactivity shall be taken into account.22.6.1.4 {4.2.5.2.3(B)} If two-phase flow is anticipated during emergency venting, an engineering evaluation shall be conducted in order to properly size the pressure-relieving devices.22.6.2 Weak Roof-to-Shell Seam Construction {4.2.5.2.2} If used, a weak roof-to-shell seam shall be constructed to fail preferential to any other seam and shall be designed in accordance with API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, or UL �4�, Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.22.6.3 Pressure Relieving Devices22.6.3.1* {4.2.5.2.3} Where entire dependence for emergency relief venting is placed upon pressure-relieving devices, the total venting capacity of both normal and emergency vents shall be sufficient to prevent rupture of the shell or bottom of a vertical tank or of the shell or heads of a horizontal tank.22.6.3.2 {4.2.5.2.3 & Exception} Except as provided for in ��.6.3.4 and ��.6.3.5, The total emergency relief venting capacity of both normal and emergency venting devices shall be not less than that determined in Table ��.6.3.�. (See Annex B for the square footage of typical tank sizes.)

Table 22.6.3.2 Wetted Area Versus Cubic Feet Free Air per Hour (CFH) [14.7 psia and 60°F (101.3 kPa and 15.6°C)]

ft2 CFH ft2 CFH ft2 CFH�0 ��,�00 �60 �68,000 900 493,00030 3�,600 �80 �90,000 �,000 5�4,00040 4�,�00 �00 ���,000 �,�00 557,00050 5�,700 �50 �39,000 �,400 587,00060 63,�00 300 �65,000 �,600 6�4,00070 73,700 350 �88,000 �,800 639,00080 84,�00 400 3��,000 �,000 66�,00090 94,800 500 354,000 �,400 704,000�00 �05,000 600 39�,000 �,800 74�,000��0 ��6,000 700 4�8,000 and over�40 �47,000 800 46�,000

Notes:(�) For SI units, �0 ft� = 0.93 m�; 36 ft3 = �.0 m3.(�) Interpolation should is to be used for intermediate values not specified in the table.

22.6.3.2.1 {4.2.5.2.3(A)} Emergency relief vent devices shall be vaportight and shall be permitted to be any one of the following: (1) Self-closing manway cover (2) Manway cover provided with long bolts that permit the cover to lift under internal pressure (3) Additional or larger relief valve or valves22.6.3.2.2 The wetted area of the tank shall be calculated as follows: (1) on the basis of 55 percent of the total exposed area of a sphere or spheroid (2) 75 percent of the total exposed area of a horizontal tank (3) �00 percent of the exposed shell and floor area of a rectangular tank, but excluding the top surface of the tank (4) the first 9 m (30 ft) above grade of the exposed shell area of a vertical tank.22.6.3.3* {4.2.5.2.4] The total emergency relief venting capacity for tanks and storage vessels designed to operate at pressures above a gauge pressure of 6.9 kPa (�.0 psig) shall be as follows:(1) for tanks whose wetted area does not exceed �60 m� (�800 ft�), not less than that determined in Table ��.6.3.�(2) for tanks whose wetted area exceeds �60 m� (�800 ft�), not less than that determined in Table ��.6.3.3 or not less than that calculated by the following formula:

[Insert Formula CFH = ��07 A**0.8�

where CFH = venting capacity requirement (ft3 of free air per hour) A = wetted area (ft�)

Table 22.6.3.3 Wetted Area over 2800 ft2 (260 m2) and Pressures over 1 psig (gauge pressure of 6.9 kPa)

Ft2 CFH ft2 CFH�,800 74�,000 9,000 �,930,0003,000 786,000 �0,000 �,��0,0003,500 89�,000 �5,000 �,940,0004,000 995,000 �0,000 3,7�0,0004,500 �,�00,000 �5,000 4,470,0005,000 �,�50,000 30,000 5,�90,0006,000 �,390,000 35,000 5,900,0007,000 �,570,000 40,000 6,570,0008,000 �,760,000

Note: For SI units, �0 ft� = 0.93 m�; 36 ft3 = �.0 m3.22.6.3.4 {4.2.5.2.5} The total emergency relief venting capacity for any specific stable liquid shall be permitted to be determined by the following formula:

CFH = V x �337 / L x sq. rt. M

where:

V = ft3 of free air per hour (CFH) value from Table ��.5.3.�L = latent heat of vaporization of specific liquid (Btu/lb)M = molecular weight of specific liquids

22.6.3.5* {4.2.5.2.6} Except as provided for in ��.6.3.6 and ��.6.3.7, For tanks containing stable liquids, the required emergency relief venting capacity determined by ��.6.3.�, ��.6.3.3, or ��.6.3.4 shall be permitted to be multiplied by one of the following reduction factors when protection is provided as indicated. Only one of the following factors shall be used for any one tank:(1) A reduction factor of 0.5 shall be allowed for tanks with wetted area greater than �9 m� (�00 ft�) that are provided with drainage that meets the requirements of ��.�0.�.(2) A reduction factor of 0.3 shall be allowed for tanks that are protected with a water spray system that meets the requirements of NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, and that are provided with drainage that meets the requirements of ��.�0.�.(3) A reduction factor of 0.3 shall be allowed for tanks that are protected with an automatically actuated water spray system that meets the requirements of NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, for fire protection.(4) A reduction factor of 0.3 shall be allowed for tanks protected with insulation that meets the requirements of ��.6.3.9.(5) A reduction factor of 0.�5 shall be allowed for tanks that are protected with a water spray system that meets the requirements of NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, and that have insulation that meets the requirements of ��.6.3.9.22.6.3.6 (4.2.5.2.6, Exception No. 1} Where water-miscible liquids whose heats of combustion and rates of burning are equal to or less than those of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) are stored, processed, or handled and where there is no potential fire exposure from liquids other than these liquids, the emergency relief venting capacity shall be permitted to be reduced by an additional 50 percent. Drainage shall not be required to obtain this reduction. In no case shall the factors in ��.5.3.6(�) through ��.5.3.6(5) be reduced to less than 0.�5.22.6.3.7 (4.2.5.2.6, Exception No. 2} Where liquids that are not water-miscible and whose heats of combustion and rates of burning are equal to or less than those of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) are stored, processed, or handled and where there is no potential fire exposure from liquids other than these liquids, the emergency relief venting capacity determined by ��.6.3.6(�) or ��.6.3.6(3) shall be permitted to be reduced by an additional 50 percent. No further reduction shall be allowed for protection by means of water spray. Drainage shall not be required to obtain this reduction. In no case shall the factors in ��.6.3.6(�) through ��.6.3.6(5) be reduced to less than 0.�5.22.6.3.8 {4.2.5.2.7} Insulation for which credit is taken in ��.6.3.5(4) and (5) shall meet the following performance criteria:(1) The insulation shall remain in place under fire exposure conditions.(2) The insulation shall withstand dislodgment when subjected to hose stream impingement during fire exposure.(3) The insulation shall maintain a maximum conductance value of 4.0 Btu per hr per ft� per degree Fahrenheit (Btu/hr/ft�/°F) when the outer insulation jacket or cover is at a temperature of 904°C (�660°F) and when the mean temperature of the insulation is 538°C (�000°F).Exception: The This requirement of ��.6.3.8(�) shall not apply where use of solid hose streams is not contemplated or would not be practical.22.6.3.9 {4.2.5.2.8} The outlets of all vents and vent drains on tanks equipped with emergency relief venting that permits pressures to exceed a gauge pressure of �7.� kPa (�.5 psig) shall be arranged to discharge so that localized overheating of or flame impingement on any part of the tank will not occur if vapors from the vents are ignited.22.6.3.10 {4.2.5.2.9} Each commercial tank venting device shall have stamped on it:(1) the start-to-open pressure(2) the pressure at which the valve reaches the full open position(3) the flow capacity at the pressure indicated by (�)22.6.3.10.1 {4.2.5.2.9} If the start-to-open pressure is less than a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig) and the pressure at the full open position is

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 greater than a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig), the flow capacity at a gauge pressure of �7 kPa (�.5 psig) shall also be stamped on the venting device.22.6.3.10.2 {4.2.5.2.9} The flow capacity shall be expressed in cubic feet per hour of air at �5.6°C (60°F) and � bar (�4.7 psia or 760 mm Hg).22.6.3.10.3 {4.2.5.2.9.1} The flow capacity of tank venting devices less than �00 mm (8 in.) in nominal pipe size shall be determined by actual test. These tests shall be permitted to be conducted by a qualified, impartial outside agency or by the manufacturer if certified by a qualified, impartial observer.22.6.3.10.4* {4.2.5.2.9.2} The flow capacity of tank venting devices equal to or greater than �00 mm (8 in.) nominal pipe size, including manway covers with long bolts, shall be determined by test or by calculation. If determined by calculation, the opening pressure shall be measured by test, the calculation shall be based on a flow coefficient of 0.5 applied to the rated orifice, the rating pressure and corresponding free orifice area shall be stated, and the word calculated shall appear on the nameplate.22.6.3.11* {4.2.5.2.10} Extension of Emergency Vent Piping. Piping to or from approved emergency vent devices for atmospheric and low-pressure tanks shall be sized to provide emergency vent flows that limit the back pressure to less than the maximum pressure permitted by the design of the tank. Piping to or from approved emergency vent devices for pressure vessels shall be sized in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.22.7 Fire Control22.7.1 {4.5.5} A fire-extinguishing system in accordance with an applicable NFPA standard shall be provided or shall be available for vertical atmospheric fixed-roof storage tanks larger than �90 m3 (50,000 gal or ��90 bbl) capacity, storing Class I liquids, if located in a congested area where there is an unusual exposure hazard to the tank from adjacent property or to adjacent property from the tank.22.7.2 {4.5.5} Fixed-roof tanks storing Class II or III liquids at temperatures below their flash points and floating-roof tanks storing any liquid generally shall not require protection when installed in accordance compliance with this chapter.----------------A.22.7.1 Protection against fire or explosion required for large flammable liquid storage tanks should consider the use of fixed, semi-fixed, or portable protection system designed in conformance with good engineering practice such as those described in NFPA ��, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, NFPA ��A, Standard for Medium- and High-Expansion Foam Systems, NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, and NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems. Ordinary combustibles (such as wood) would be subject to radiant heat unpiloted ignition from a burning tank, when such exposures are located a distance of less than about �50% of the tank diameter (assuming no wind effects). Exposure from adjacent property to the tanks would depend on the specific products and storage arrangement and may require some engineering analysis based on the occupancy and its exposure potential.--------------------22.8 {4.2.8} Additional Requirements for Fire Resistant Tanks (Reserved) 22.9 {4.2.9} Additional Requirements for Protected Tanks.22.9.1 {4.2.9} Protected tanks shall be listed and shall be tested in accordance with UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.22.9.2 {4.2.9} Protected tanks shall also meet both of the following requirements: (1) The construction that provides the required fire-resistive protection shall reduce the heat transferred to the primary tank and shall prevent release of liquid, failure of the primary tank, failure of the supporting structure, and impairment of venting for a period of not less than � hours when tested using the fire exposure specified in UL �085.(2) The size of the emergency vents shall not be permitted to be reduced, as would otherwise be permitted by ��.6.3.6.22.10 {4.3.2.3} Control of Spills from Aboveground Tanks. Every tank that contains a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid shall be provided with means to prevent an accidental spill release of liquid from endangering important facilities and adjoining property or from reaching waterways by means of:(a) remote impounding, as covered by ��.�0.�(b) impounding around tanks by diking, as covered in ��.�0.�(c) closed top diking, as covered in ��.�0.3(d) secondary containment-type tanks, as covered in ��.�0.4.Such means shall meet the requirements of ��.9.�, ��.9.�, or ��.9.3, whichever is applicable.22.10.1 {4.3.2.3.1} Remote Impounding. Where control of spills spillage is provided by means of drainage to a remote impounding area, so that spilled impounded liquid does not collect around is will not be held against tanks, the requirements of ��.�0.�.� through ��.�0.�.4 shall apply this subsection. comply with the following: 22.10.1.1 {4.3.2.3.1(1)} A slope of not less than � percent away from the tank shall be provided for at least �5 m (50 ft) toward the impounding area.22.10.1.2 {4.3.2.3.1(2)} The impounding area shall have a capacity not less than that of the largest tank that can drains into it.Exception: Where compliance with ��.�0.�.� this requirement this is not possible because there is not enough open area around the tanks or is impractical, “partial” remote impounding for a some percentage of the required capacity remote from any tank or adjoining property shall be permitted to be

provided. The remainder of the required volume required for spill control exceeding the capacity of the partial remote impoundment shall be provided for by diking meeting the requirements of ��.�0.�.22.10.1.3 {4.3.2.3.1(3)} The route of the drainage system shall be so located so that, if the liquid in the drainage system is ignited, the fire will not seriously expose tanks or adjoining property.22.10.1.4 {4.3.2.3.1(4)} The confines of the impounding area shall be located so that, when filled to capacity, the liquid level will not be closer than �5 m (50 ft) from any property line that is or can be built upon or from any tank.Exception: Where partial remote impounding as provided for in the Exception to ��.�0.�.� is used, the liquid level in the partial remote impounding area shall meet the requirements of ��.�0.�.4. The excess volume shall meet the requirements of impounding by diking as provided or as in ��.9.�. Tank spacing shall be determined based on the diked tank provisions of Table ��.4.�.�.22.10.2 {4.3.2.3.2} Impounding Around Tanks by Diking. Where control of spills is provided protection of adjoining property or waterways is by means of impounding by diking around the tanks, such systems shall meet the requirements of ��.�0.�.� through ��.�0.�.8. comply with 4.3.�.3.�(A) through 4.3.�.3.�(H).22.10.2.1 {4.3.2.3.2(A)} A slope of not less than � percent away from the tank shall be provided for at least �5 m (50 ft) or to the dike base, whichever is less.22.10.2.2* {4.3.2.3.2(B)} The volumetric capacity of the diked area shall not be less than the greatest amount of liquid that can be released from the largest tank within the diked area, assuming a full tank.22.10.2.2.1 {4.3.2.3.2(B)} To allow for volume occupied by tanks, the capacity of the diked area enclosing more than one tank shall be calculated after deducting the volume of the tanks, other than the largest tank, below the height of the dike.22.10.2.3 {4.3.2.3.2(C)} To permit access, the outside base of the dike at ground level shall be no closer than 3 m (�0 ft) to any property line that is or can be built upon.22.9.2.4 {4.3.2.3.2(D)} Walls of the diked area shall be of earth, steel, concrete, or solid masonry designed to be liquidtight and to withstand a full hydrostatic head.22.10.2.4.1 {4.3.2.3.2(D)} Earthen walls 0.9 m (3 ft) or more in height shall have a flat section at the top not less than 0.6 m (� ft) wide and The slope of an earthen wall shall have a slope that is be consistent with the angle of repose of the material of which the wall is constructed.22.10.2.5 {4.3.2.3.2(E)} Where the average interior height of The walls of the diked area exceeds shall be restricted to an average interior height of �.8 m (6 ft) above interior grade, provisions shall be are made for normal access, necessary emergency access to tanks, valves, and other equipment, and egress from the diked enclosure. and the following requirements shall apply are met:Exception: Dikes shall be permitted to exceed this height where provisions are made for normal access, necessary emergency access to tanks, valves, and other equipment, and safe egress from the diked enclosure, and where the following requirements are met: (1) Where the average height of a the dike containing Class I liquids is over 3.6 m (�� ft) high, measured from interior grade, or where the distance between any tank and the top inside edge of the dike wall is less than the height of the dike wall, provisions shall be made for normal operation of valves and for access to tank roof(s) without entering below the top of the dike. These provisions shall be permitted to be met through the use of remote-operated valves, elevated walkways, or other similar arrangements.(2) Piping passing through dike walls shall be designed to withstand imposed prevent excessive stresses as a result of settlement or fire exposure.(3) The minimum distance between the shell of any tanks and the toe of the interior of the dike walls shall be not less than be �.5 m (5 ft). 22.10.2.6 {4.3.2.3.2(F)} Each diked area containing two or more tanks shall be subdivided, preferably by drainage channels or at least by intermediate dikes, in order to prevent minor spills from a tank from endangering adjacent tanks within the diked area as follows.22.10.2.6.1 {4.3.2.3.2(F)(5)} The drainage channels or intermediate dikes shall be located between tanks so as to take full advantage of the available space with due regard for the individual tank capacities.22.10.2.6.2 {4.3.2.3.2(F)(5)} Intermediate dikes, where used, shall be not less than 450 mm (�8 in.) in height.22.10.2.6.3 Subdivision shall be provided according to the requirements of ��.�0.�.6.3, (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E) ��.9.�.6.�, ��.9.�.6.3, or ��.9.�.6.4, whichever is applicable. (A) 22.9.2.6.1 {4.3.2.3.2(F)(1)} Where stable liquids are stored storing normally stable liquids in vertical cone roof tanks of constructed with weak roof-to-shell seams design or in floating roof tanks, or when storing crude petroleum in producing areas in any type of tank, one subdivision shall be provided for each tank greater than �590 m3 (4�0,000 gal or �0,000 bbl) capacity. In addition, one subdivision shall be provided for each group of tanks [with no individual tank exceeding �590 m3 (4�0,000 gal or �0,000 bbl) capacity] having an aggregate capacity not greater than �385 m3 (630,000 gal or �5,000 bbl).(B) Where crude petroleum is stored in producing areas in any type of tank, one subdivision shall be provided for each tank greater than �590 m3 (4�0,000 gal or �0,000 bbl) capacity. In addition, one subdivision shall be provided for each group of tanks [with no individual tank exceeding �590 m3 (4�0,000 gal or �0,000 bbl) capacity] having an aggregate capacity not greater than �385 m3

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 (630,000 gal or �5,000 bbl).(C) 22.9.2.6.2 {4.3.2.3.2(F)(2)} Where stable liquids are stored storing normally stable liquids in tanks not covered in (A) ��.8.�.6.�, one subdivision shall be provided for each tank greater than 380 m3 (�00,000 gal or �380 bbl) capacity. In addition, one subdivision shall be provided for each group of tanks [with no individual tank exceeding 380 m3 (�00,000 gal or �380 bbl) capacity] having an aggregate capacity not greater than 570 m3 (�50,000 gal or 3570 bbl).(D)* 22.9.2.6.3* {4.3.2.3.2(F)(3)} Where unstable liquids are stored storing unstable liquids in any type of tank, one subdivision shall be provided for each tank.Exception: Tanks installed with drainage meeting the requirements of NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, need not meet this requirement.(E) 22.9.2.6.4 {4.3.2.3.2(F)(4)} Whenever two or more tanks storing Class I liquids, any one of which is over 45 m (�50 ft) in diameter, are located in a common diked area, intermediate dikes shall be provided between adjacent tanks to hold at least �0 percent of the capacity of the tank so enclosed, not including the volume displaced by the tank.22.10.2.7 {4.3.2.3.2(G)} Where provision is made for draining water from diked areas, such drains shall be controlled to prevent liquids from entering natural water courses, public sewers, or public drains.22.10.2.7.1 {4.3.2.3.2(G)} Control of drainage shall be accessible under fire conditions from outside the dike.22.10.2.8 {4.3.2.3.2(H)} Storage of combustible materials, empty or full drums, or barrels, shall not be permitted within the diked area.��.�0.3 Closed-Top Diking. [Reserved]22.10.4 {4.3.2.3.3} Secondary Containment Tanks. Where a secondary containment tank is used to provide spill control, the tank shall meet all of the following requirements of ��.�0.3.� through ��.�09.3.�0 this subsection. 22.10.4.1 {4.3.2.3.3(1)} The capacity of the tank shall not exceed 45,400 L (45.4 m3 or ��,000 gal).22.10.4.2 {4.3.2.3.3(2)} All piping connections to the tank shall be made above the normal maximum liquid level.22.10.4.3 {4.3.2.3.3(3)} Means shall be provided to prevent the release of liquid from the tank by siphon flow.22.10.4.4 {4.3.2.3.3(4)} Means shall be provided for determining the level of liquid in the tank. This means shall be accessible to the delivery operator.22.10.4.5 {4.3.2.3.3(5)} Means shall be provided to prevent overfilling by sounding an alarm when the liquid level in the tank reaches 90 percent of capacity and by automatically stopping delivery of liquid to the tank when the liquid level in the tank reaches 95 percent of capacity.22.10.4.5.1 {4.3.2.3.3(5)} In no case shall these provisions restrict or interfere with the proper functioning of the normal vent or the emergency vent.22.10.4.6 {4.3.2.3.3(6)} Spacing between adjacent tanks shall be not less than 0.9 m (3 ft).22.10.4.7 {4.3.2.3.3(7)} The tank shall be capable of resisting the damage from the impact of a motor vehicle or suitable collision barriers shall be provided.22.10.4.8 {4.3.2.3.3(8)} Where the means of secondary containment is enclosed, it shall be provided with emergency venting in accordance with ��.6.22.10.4.9 {4.3.2.3.3(9)} Means shall be provided to establish the integrity of the secondary containment, in accordance with Chapter ��22.10.4.10 {4.3.2.3.3(9)} The secondary containment shall be designed to withstand the hydrostatic head resulting from a leak from the primary tank of the maximum amount of liquid that can be stored in the primary tank.22.11 {4.3.2.3.4} Equipment, Piping, and Fire Protection Systems in Remote Impoundment Areas or Diked Areas.22.11.1* {4.3.2.3.4.1} Piping Location. Only piping for product, utility, or fire protection purposes directly connected to a tank or tanks within a single diked area shall be routed through a diked area, a remote impoundment area, a spillway draining to a remote impoundment area, or above a storage tank drainage area where the piping can be exposed to a fire.Exception: Piping for other product lines and from adjacent tanks shall be permitted to be routed through such areas if engineering designs are provided to incorporate features to prevent the piping from creating an exposure hazard.22.11.2 {4.3.2.3.4.2} Drainage.22.11.2.1 {4.3.2.3.4.2} Drainage shall be arranged to prevent accumulation of any liquid under the piping by sloping the grade in accordance with ��.8.�.�.22.11.2.2 {4.3.2.3.4.2} Corrosion-resistant piping and piping that is protected against corrosion shall be permitted to be buried where such drainage is not provided or is not practical.22.11.3* {4.3.2.3.4.3} Equipment Location. If located in a remote impoundment area, a diked area, or a spillway draining to a remote impoundment area, process equipment, pumps, instrumentation, and electrical utilization equipment shall be located or protected so that a fire involving such equipment does not constitute an exposure hazard to the tank or tanks in the same area for a period of time consistent with the emergency response and suppression capabilities of the fire-fighting operations available to the location.22.11.4 {4.3.2.3.4.4} Fire Protection Systems. Hose connections, controls, and control valves for application of fire protection foam or water to tanks shall be located outside remote impoundment areas, diked areas, or spillways draining to a remote impoundment area.22.11.5 {4.3.2.3.4.5} Combustible Materials. Structures such as stairways, walkways, instrumentation shelters, and supports for piping and equipment that are located in a remote impoundment area, diked area, or spillway draining to a

remote impoundment area shall be constructed of noncombustible materials.22.12 {4.3.2.5} Tank Openings Other than Vents for Aboveground Tanks.22.12.1 {4.3.2.5.1} Each connection to an aboveground tank through which liquid can normally flow shall be provided with an internal or an external valve located as close as practical to the shell of the tank.22.12.2 {4.3.2.5.2} Each connection below the liquid level through which liquid does not normally flow shall be provided with a liquidtight closure such as a valve, plug, or blind, or a combination of these.22.12.3 {4.3.2.5.3} Openings for gauging on tanks storing Class I liquids shall be provided with a vaportight cap or cover.22.11.4* {4.3.2.5.4} Fill pipes that enter the top of a tank shall terminate within �50 mm (6 in.) of the bottom of the tank. Fill pipes shall be installed or arranged so that vibration is minimized.Exception No. 1: Fill pipes in tanks whose vapor space under the expected range of normal operating conditions is not in the flammable range or is inerted need not meet this requirement.Exception No. 2: Fill pipes in tanks handling liquids with minimal potential for accumulation of static charge electricity need not meet this requirement provided that the fill line is designed and the system is operated to avoid mist generation and to provide an adequate level of residence time is provided downstream of filters or screens to allow dissipation of such that the generated static charge generated is dissipated.22.12.4 {4.3.2.5.5} Filling and emptying connections for Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids that are connected and disconnected shall be located outside of buildings at a location free from any source of ignition.22.12.4.1 {4.3.2.5.5} Such connections They shall be located not less than �.5 m (5 ft) away from any building opening.22.12.4.2 {4.3.2.5.5} Such connections for any liquid shall be closed and liquidtight when not in use and shall be properly identified.22.13 {4.3.2.6} Requirements for Aboveground Tanks Located in Areas Subject to Flooding.22.13.1 {4.3.2.6.1} Vertical tanks shall be located so that the tops of the tanks extend above the maximum flood stage by at least 30 percent of their allowable storage capacity.22.13.2 {4.3.2.6.2} Horizontal tanks that are located where more than 70 percent of the tank’s storage capacity will be submerged at the established flood stage shall be secured by one of the following methods: (1) Anchored to resist movement(2) Attached to a foundation of steel and concrete or of concrete having sufficient weight to provide adequate load for the tank when filled with liquid and submerged by flood water to the established flood stage(3) Adequately secured from floating by other means 22.13.3 {4.3.2.6.3} Tank vents or other openings that are not liquidtight shall extend above the maximum flood stage water level.22.13.4 {4.3.2.6.4} A dependable water supply shall be used available for filling an empty or partially filled tank.Exception: Where filling the tank with water is impractical or hazardous because of the contents of the tank, the tank shall be protected by other means against movement or collapse.22.13.5 {4.3.2.6.5} Spherical or spheroid tanks shall be protected by any of the methods specified in this subsection.22.14 {4.3.2.7} Collision Protection. Where a tank is might be exposed to vehicular impact, protection shall be provided to prevent damage to the tank.22.15 {4.3.2.8} Installation Instructions. Factory-built aboveground tanks shall be provided with instructions for testing and for installation of the normal and emergency vents.22.16 {new} Inspection and Maintenance [Reserved]

Chapter 23 Underground Storage Tanks

23.1 {New} Scope. This chapter shall apply to the following:(1) The storage of flammable and combustible liquids, as defined in Chapter 4, in fixed underground tanks(2) The installation and operation of underground tanks. 23.2 Special Terms. (Reserved)23.3 Installation23.3.1 General Requirements.23.3.1.1 {4.3.3.2.1} All underground tanks shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.23.3.1.2 {4.3.3.1} Excavation for underground tanks shall not undermine be made with due care to avoid undermining of foundations of existing structures.23.3.1.3 {4.3.3.2.1} The tank shall not be damaged during delivery, unloading, and placement into the tank excavation be placed in the hole with care.23.3.2 Bedding and Backfill23.3.2.1 {4.3.3.2.1} All underground tanks shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and shall be set on firm foundations and surrounded with at least �50 mm (6 in.) of noncorrosive inert material such as clean sand or gravel well-tamped in place. The tank shall be placed in the hole with care.Bedding and backfill shall be noncorrosive inert material of a type recommended by the tank manufacturer, such as compacted clean sand or compacted gravel.23.3.2.2 Underground tanks shall be set on firm foundations.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 23.3.2.3 Underground tanks shall be surrounded with backfill to a depth of at least �50 mm (6 in) or greater where specified by the tank manufacturer. 23.3.3 Tank Burial Depth and Cover23.3.3.1 {4.3.3.2.2} Underground tanks shall be covered with one of the following:(�) at least not less than 600 mm (�4 in.) of clean earth or(�) at least not less than 300 mm (�� in.) of earth compacted backfill, on top of which shall be placed a slab of reinforced concrete at least not less than �00 mm (4 in.) thick.23.3.3.2 {4.3.3.2.2} Where the tanks are, or are likely to be, subjected to traffic, they shall be protected against damage from vehicles passing over them by one of the following:(�) at least 900 mm (36 in.) of backfill, earth cover, or(�) at least 450 mm (�8 in.) of well-tamped earth compacted backfill of a type recommended by the tank manufacturer and at least plus either �50 mm (6 in.) of reinforced concrete or(3) at least 450 mm (�8 in.) of compacted backfill of a type recommended by the tank manufacturer and at least �00 mm (8 in.) of asphaltic concrete.23.3.3.3 {4.3.3.2.2} When asphaltic or reinforced concrete paving is used as part of the protection, it shall extend at least 300 mm (�� in.) horizontally beyond the outline of the tank in all directions. 23.3.4 Maximum Burial Depth and of Cover.23.3.4.1 {4.3.3.2.3} Maximum depth of cover shall be specified by the tank manufacturer and shall be marked on the tank.23.3.4.2 {4.3.3.2.3} When the depth of cover is greater than the diameter of the tank or if the pressure at the bottom of the tank can exceed a gauge pressure of 69 kPa (�0 psig), the manufacturer of the tank shall be consulted to determine if reinforcement of the tank is required. The specific gravity of the liquid to be stored shall be a design factor.23.4 Location23.4.1 {4.3.3.1} Underground tanks or tanks under buildings shall be so located with respect to existing building foundations and supports so that the loads carried by the foundation latter are shall not be transmitted to the tank.23.4.1.3 {4.3.3.1} The distance from any part of a tank storing Class I liquids to the nearest wall of any basement or pit shall be not less than 0.3 m (� ft) and to any property line that can be built upon not less than 0.9 m (3 ft).23.4.1.4 {4.3.3.1} The distance from any part of a tank storing Class II or Class III liquids to the nearest wall of any basement, pit, or property line shall be not less than 0.3 m (� ft).23.5 Normal Venting23.5.1 {4.2.5.3} Tank venting systems shall be provided with sufficient capacity to prevent blowback of vapor or liquid at the fill opening while the tank is being filled.23.5.2 {4.2.5.3} Vent piping pipes shall be sized in accordance with Table �3.5.�, but shall not be less than 3� mm (�.�5 in.) nominal inside diameter.23.5.3 {4.2.5.3} Where tank venting devices are installed in vent lines, their flow capacities shall be determined in accordance with ��.6.3.�0.23.5.4 {4.2.5.4} Piping for normal and emergency relief venting shall be designed in accordance with Chapter �7.

Table 23.5.2 Nominal Vent Line Diameters in Inches Maximum Flow

(gpm) Pipe Length†

50 ft 100 ft 200 ft �00 �.�5 �.�5 �.�5 �00 �.�5 �..�5 �.�5 300 �.�5 �.�5 �.5 400 �.�5 �.5 � 500 �.5 �.5 � 600 �.5 � � 700 � � � 800 � � 3 900 � � 3 �000 � � 3

Note: For SI units, � in. = �5 mm; � ft = 0.3 m; � gal = 3.8 L. †Vent lines stated length pipe plus 7 ells.

23.6 {Reserved}23.7 {Reserved}23.8 {Reserved}23.9 Corrosion Protection23.9.1 {4.2.6.1.1} External Corrosion Protection. Underground tanks and their piping shall be protected by either of the following:(1)* A properly engineered, installed, and maintained cathodic protection system in accordance with recognized engineering standards of design. (2)* Approved or listed corrosion-resistant materials or systems.23.9.1.1* {4.2.6.1.2} Selection of the type of protection to be employed shall

be based upon the corrosion history of the area and the judgment of a qualified engineer.23.9.1.2 {4.2.6.1.2} The authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to waive the requirements for corrosion protection where an engineering evaluation demonstrates evidence is provided that such protection is not necessary.23.9.2 {4.2.6} Design of Corrosion Protection Systems. Metal used to fabricate the tank shall be thick enough to compensate for internal corrosion expected during the design life of the tank or other approved means of corrosion protection shall be provided.23.10 [Reserved]23.11 [Reserved]23.12 Tank Openings Other than Vents23.12.1 {4.3.3.4.1} Connections for all tank openings shall be liquid tight.23.12.2 {4.3.3.4.2} Openings for manual gauging, if independent of the fill pipe, shall be provided with a liquid tight cap or cover. Covers shall be kept closed when not gauging.23.12.2.1 {4.3.3.4.2} If inside a building, each such opening shall be protected against liquid overflow and possible vapor release by means of a spring-loaded check valve or other approved device.23.12.3 {4.3.3.4.3} Fill and discharge lines shall enter tanks only through the top.23.12.4 {4.3.3.4.3} Fill lines shall be sloped toward the tank.23.12.5 {4.3.3.4.3} Underground tanks for Class I liquids having a capacity of more than 3800 L (�000 gal) shall be equipped with a tight fill device for connecting the fill hose to the tank. 23.12.6 {4.3.3.4.4} Fill pipes that enter the top of a tank shall terminate within �50 mm (6 in.) of the bottom of the tank and Fill pipes shall be installed or arranged so that vibration is minimized.Exception No. 1: Fill pipes in tanks whose vapor space under the expected range of normal operating conditions is not in the flammable range or is inerted need not meet this requirement.Exception No. 2: Fill pipes in tanks handling liquids with minimal potential for accumulation of static electricity need not meet this requirement provided that the fill line is designed and the system operated to avoid mist generation and an adequate level of residence time is provided downstream of filters or screens such that the charge generated is dissipated. (See A.4.3.�.5.4.)23.12.6 {4.3.3.4.5} Filling, and emptying, and vapor recovery connections for Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids that are connected and disconnected shall be located outside of buildings at a location free from any source of ignition and not less than �.5 m (5 ft) away from any building opening.23.12.6.1 {4.3.3.4.5} Such connections shall be closed and liquid tight when not in use and shall be properly identified.23.12.6.2 {4.3.3.4.5} Such connections shall be properly identified.23.12.7 {4.3.3.4.6} Tank openings provided for purposes of vapor recovery shall be protected against possible vapor release by means of a spring-loaded check valve or dry-break connection, or other approved device, unless the opening is pipe-connected to a vapor processing system. 23.12.7.1 {4.3.3.4.6} Openings designed for combined fill and vapor recovery shall also be protected against vapor release unless connection of the liquid delivery line to the fill pipe simultaneously connects the vapor recovery line.23.12.7.2 {4.3.3.4.6} All connections shall be vapor tight.23.13 Tanks Located in Areas Subject to Flooding23.13.1 {4.3.3.5.1} Water Ballast. At locations where an ample and dependable water supply is available, underground tanks containing flammable or combustible liquids, placed so that more than 70 percent of their storage capacity will be submerged at the maximum flood stage, shall be so anchored, weighted, or secured as to prevent movement when filled or loaded with water and submerged by floodwater to the established flood stage.23.13.1.1 {4.3.3.5.1} Tank vents or other openings that are not liquid tight shall be extended above maximum flood stage water level.23.13.2* {4.3.3.5.2} Tank Anchoring. At locations where an ample and dependable water supply is not available or where filling of underground tanks with water is impractical because of the contents, each tank shall be safeguarded against movement when empty and submerged by high groundwater or floodwater by anchoring or by securing by other means.

--------------------------------------------------------A.23.13.2 Anchoring should use nonmetallic straps or metallic straps separated from the tank by an inert insulating dieletric material connected to a bottom hold-down pad or deadman anchors. For additional information, see reference to API RP �6�5, Installation of Underground Petroleum Storage Systems, PEI RP�00-�005 Recommended Practices for Installation of Underground Liquid Storage Systems, and STI SP00�, Standard for the Inspection of Aboveground Storage Tanks.23.13.2.1 {4.3.3.5.2} Each such tank shall be so constructed and installed that it will safely resist external pressures if submerged.23.14 {Reserved}23.15 {4.3.2.8} Installation Instructions. Factory-built underground aboveground tanks shall be provided with instructions for testing and for installation of the normal and emergency vents.

23.16 Inspection and Maintenance [Reserved]

Chapter 24 Storage Tank Buildings

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 24.1 {4.3.4.1} Scope24.1.1 {4.3.4.1} This chapter Subsection 4.3.4 shall apply to installations of tanks storing Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids in storage tank buildings. (See 3.3.6.3).24.1.2 {4.3.4.1} This chapter subsection shall not specifically apply to:(�) such tanks covered by Chapters �7, �8, and �9 in process areas.(�) tanks storing Class IIIB liquids shall not be required to comply with the provisions of this subsection.(�) a tank installation that has a canopy or roof that does not limit the dissipation of heat or dispersion of flammable vapors and does not restrict fire-fighting access and control. Such tanks shall comply with the provisions of this code for be treated as an outside aboveground tanks. Exception: Tanks that meet the requirements of Section 7.5 24.2 Special Terms [Reserved]24.3 {4.3.4.2} Location24.3.1 {4.3.4.2} Tanks and any associated equipment within the storage tank building shall be so located that a fire in the area shall not constitute an exposure hazard to adjoining buildings or tanks for a period of time consistent with the response and suppression capabilities of the fire-fighting operations available to the location. Compliance with �4.3.� through �4.3.8 4.3.4.�.� through 4.3.4.�.5 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of �4.3.�. 4.3.4.�.24.3.2 {4.3.4.2.1} The minimum distance from exposed property lines and buildings for tank installations within structures having walls with a fire resistance rating of less than � hours shall be in accordance with Table �4.3.� Table 4.3.4.�.�.

{TABLE 4.3.4.2.1 FROM NFPA 30-2003 w/ the following changes: - delete the footnote regarding doubling of distances

-delete the exception immediately following the table}

24.3.3 {4.3.4.2.1} The Capacity of any individual tank shall not exceed 380 m3 (�00,000 gal or �380 bbl) without the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.24.3.4 {Table 4.3.4.2.1 Footnote} Where protection for exposures is not provided, the distances given in Table �4.3.� shall be doubled all distances shown. The distances need not exceed 90 m (300 ft.).24.3.5 {4.3.4.2.2} Where a storage tank building has an exterior wall facing an exposure, the distances in Table �4.3.� shall be permitted to be modified as follows:(1) Where the wall is a blank wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours, separation distance between the storage tank building and its exposure need not be greater than 7.6 m (�5 ft)(2) Where a blank wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than 4 hours is provided, the distance requirements of Table �4.3.� shall not apply.(3)* In addition, where Class IA liquids or unstable liquids are stored, the exposing wall shall have explosion resistance in accordance with recognized engineering standards and adequate deflagration venting shall be provided in the nonexposing walls and roof.24.3.6 {4.3.4.2.3} Other equipment associated with tanks, such as pumps, heaters, filters, and exchangers, shall not be located closer than 7.6 m (�5 ft) to property lines where the adjoining property is or can be built upon or to the nearest important building on the same property that is not an integral part of the storage tank building. This spacing requirement shall not apply where exposures are protected as outlined in �4.3.5 4.3.4.�.� (3).24.3.7 {4.3.4.2.4} Tanks in which unstable liquids are stored shall be separated from potential fire exposures by a clear space of at least 7.6 m (�5 ft) or by a wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours.24.3.8 {4.3.4.2.5} Each storage tank building and each tank within the building shall be accessible from at least two sides for fire fighting and fire control. 24.3.9 {4.3.4.3.3} Class I liquids and Class II or Class IIIA liquids heated above their flash points shall not be stored in basements.24.4 {4.3.4.3} Construction of Tank Buildings24.4.1 {4.3.4.3.1} Storage tank buildings shall be constructed so as to maintain structural integrity for � hours under fire exposure conditions and to provide adequate access and egress for unobstructed movement of all personnel and fire protection equipment. Compliance with �4.4.� through �4.4.7 4.3.4.3.� through 4.3.4.3.7 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of �4.4.�. 4.3.4.3.�. 24.4.2* {4.3.4.3.2} Buildings or structures shall be of at least �-hour fire resistance rating.24.4.2.1 {4.3.4.3.2} except that noncombustible or combustible construction shall be permitted when protected by automatic sprinklers or equivalent protection subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.24.4.3 {4.3.4.3.3} Where Class I liquids are stored above grade within buildings with basements or other belowgrade areas into which flammable vapors can travel, such belowgrade areas shall be provided with mechanical ventilation designed to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors. Enclosed storage tank pits shall not be considered basements.24.4.4 {4.3.4.3.4} Storage tanks shall be separated from other occupancies within the building by construction having at least a �-hour fire resistance rating.24.4.4.1 {4.3.4.3.4} As a minimum, each openings shall be protected by either a listed, self-closing fire door or a listed fire damper having a minimum

�-hour fire protection rating. The fire door or fire damper shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 80 Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows,NFPA 90A, Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems, or NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids, whichever is applicable.24.4.4.2 {4.3.4.3.4} Where Class IA liquids or unstable liquids are being stored, deflagration vents shall be provided to the exterior of the building and any walls separating this storage from other occupancies shall have explosion resistance in accordance with recognized engineering standards and Adequate deflagration venting shall be provided for the nonexposing walls and roof. 24.4.5* {4.3.4.3.5} Storage tank buildings shall have exit facilities arranged to prevent occupants from being trapped in the event of fire. Exits shall not be exposed by the drainage facilities described in Section �4.6.24.4.6* {4.3.4.3.6} Access aisles of at least 0.9 m (3 ft) shall be maintained for movement of fire-fighting personnel and fire protection equipment. 24.4.7* {4.3.4.3.7} A clear space of at least 0.9m (3 ft) shall be maintained Clearance between the top of each the tank and the building structure shall be a minimum of 0.9 m (3 ft) for buildings protected in accordance with �4.��.3. For buildings without fixed fire suppression systems, sufficient clear space shall be provided to allow for the application of hose streams to the top of the tank(s) for cooling purposes. 24.5 {4.3.4.4} Ventilation of Tank Buildings. 24.5.1 {4.3.4.4.1} Storage tank buildings storing Class I liquids or Class II or Class IIIA liquids at temperatures above their flash points shall be ventilated at a rate sufficient to maintain the concentration of vapors within the building at or below �5 percent of the lower flammable limit. Compliance with �4.5.� through �4.5.7 4.3.4.4.� through 4.3.4.4.5 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of �4.5.�.24.5.2* {4.3.4.4.2} Ventilation requirements shall be designed based on confirmed by one of the following procedures:(1) Calculations based on the anticipated fugitive emissions. (See Annex F for calculation methods.) (2) Sampling of the actual vapor concentration under normal operating conditions.(3) Ventilation at a rate of not less than 0.3 m3/min of exhaust air for each m� of solid floor area (� cfm/ft�).24.5.2.1 {4.3.4.4.2(2)} If vapor concentrations are confirmed by sampling, the sampling shall be conducted at a distance of �.5 m (5 ft) radius from each potential vapor source extending to or toward the bottom and the top of the enclosed storage area. The vapor concentration used to determine the required ventilation rate shall be the highest measured concentration during the sampling procedure. 24.5.3 {4.3.4.4.3} Ventilation shall be accomplished by natural or mechanical ventilation, with discharge or exhaust to a safe location outside the building, without recirculation of the exhaust air.24.5.3.1 {4.3.4.4.3, Exception} Exception: Recirculation of exhaust air shall be is permitted only when where it is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor–air mixtures having concentrations over �5 percent of the lower flammable limit are detected.24.5.4* {4.3.4.4.4} Provision shall be made for introduction of make-up air in such a manner as to avoid short-circuiting the ventilation.24.5.5 {4.3.4.4.4} Ventilation shall be arranged to include all floor areas or pits where flammable vapors can collect.24.5.6 {4.3.4.4.4} Where natural ventilation is inadequate, mechanical ventilation shall be provided and shall be kept in operation while flammable liquids are being handled. 24.5.6.1 {4.3.4.4.4} Local or spot ventilation, if provided, shall be permitted to be used for up to 75 percent of the required ventilation.24.5.7 {4.3.4.4.5} For storage tank buildings with the interior grade more than 300 mm (� ft) below the average exterior grade shall be provided with one of the following:(1) continuous mechanical ventilation in accordance with �4.4.�(3) shall be provided or(2) a vapor detection system shall be provided and set to sound give a warning alarm at �5 percent of the lower flammable limit and to start the mechanical ventilation system. The alarm shall sound at a constantly attended location. 24.6 {4.3.4.5} Drainage from Tank Buildings24.6.1 {4.3.4.5.1} Drainage systems shall be designed to minimize fire exposure to other tanks and adjacent properties or waterways. Compliance with �4.6.� through �4.6.9 4.3.4.5.� through 4.3.4.5.6 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of �4.6.� 4.3.4.5.�. 24.6.2 {4.3.4.5.2} The facility shall be designed and operated to prevent the normal discharge of flammable or combustible liquids to public waterways, public sewers, or adjoining property under normal operating conditions.24.6.3 {4.3.4.5.3} Except for drains, solid floors shall be liquidtight and walls the room shall be liquidtight where they walls join the floor and for at least �00 mm (4 in.) above the floor. 24.6.4 {4.3.4.5.4} Openings in interior walls to adjacent rooms or buildings shall be provided with noncombustible, liquidtight raised sills or ramps at least �00 mm (4 in.) in height or shall be otherwise designed to prevent the flow of liquids to the adjoining areas.24.6.4.1 {4.3.4.5.4} An open-grated trench across the width of the opening inside of the room that drains to a safe location shall be permitted to be used as an alternative to a sill or ramp.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 24.6.5 {4.3.4.3.3} Means shall be provided to prevent liquid spills from running into basements.24.6.6* {4.3.4.5.5} The containment area shall have a capacity not less than that of the largest tank that can drain into it. 24.6.7 {4.3.4.5.5} Emergency drainage systems shall be provided to direct flammable or combustible liquid leakage and fire protection water to a safe location.24.6.8 {4.3.4.5.5} Curbs, scuppers, or special drainage systems shall be permitted to be used. (See Section 22.10.) 24.6.9 {4.3.4.5.6} Emergency drainage systems, if connected to public sewers or discharged into public waterways, shall be equipped with traps or separators. 24.7 {4.3.4.6} Vents for Tanks Inside Tank Buildings24.7.1 {4.3.4.6.1} Vents for tanks inside tank buildings shall be designed to ensure that vapors are not released inside the building. Compliance with �4.7.� through �4.7.6 4.3.4.6.� and 4.3.4.6.3 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of �4.7.�. 4.3.4.6.�.24.7.2 {4.3.4.6.2} Vents for tanks inside tank buildings shall be as required in ��.3.4 and Section ��.6.24.7.3 {4.3.4.6.2} except that emergency venting by the use of a weak roof-to-shell seam shall not be permitted.24.7.4 {4.3.4.6.2} Automatic sprinkler systems designed in accordance with the requirements of NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, shall be accepted by the authority having jurisdiction as equivalent to water spray systems for purposes of calculating the required airflow rates for emergency vents in ��.6.3.5 4.�.5.�.6, provided the density and coverage requirements of NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, are met.24.7.5 {4.3.4.6.2} Vents shall terminate outside the building. 24.7.6 {4.3.4.6.3} Piping for normal and emergency relief venting shall meet the requirements of Chapter 5 (old ref). 24.8 {4.3.4.7} Tank Openings Other than Vents for Tanks Inside Tank Buildings24.8.1 {4.3.4.7.1} Tank openings other than vents for tanks inside tank buildings shall be designed to ensure that flammable liquids or vapors are not released inside the building. Compliance with �4.8.� through �4.8.9 4.3.4.7.� through 4.3.4.7.9 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of �4.8.�. 4.3.4.7.�. 24.8.2 {4.3.4.7.2} All tank openings that are located at or below the maximum liquid level shall be liquidtight. Those that are located above the maximum liquid level shall be normally closed and shall be mechanically secured to prevent release of vapors. 4.3.4.7.3 Each connection through which liquid can gravity flow from a tank inside a building shall be provided with an internal or an external valve located as close as practical to the shell of the tank. 24.8.3 {4.3.4.7.4.1} Each liquid transfer connection on any tank storing Class I or Class II liquids inside buildings shall be provided with one of the following:(1) A normally closed remotely activated valve (2) An automatic-closing, heat-activated valve (3) Another approved device 24.8.4 {4.3.4.7.4.1, Exception} Exception: Connections used for emergency disposal or to provide for quick cutoff of flow in the event of fire in the vicinity of the tank shall not be required to need not meet the this requirement of �4.8.3. 24.8.5 {4.3.4.7.3} Each connection through which liquid can gravity flow from a tank inside a building shall be provided with an internal or an external valve located as close as practical to the shell of the tank This valve shall be considered to be in compliance with �4.8.3. If a separate valve is used, both valves shall be located adjacent to each other.4.3.4.7.4.� The requirements of 4.3.4.7.4 shall be permitted to be met by the valve required in 4.3.4.7.3. If a separate valve is used, it shall be located adjacent to the valve required in 4.3.4.7.3. 24.8.6* {4.3.4.7.5} Openings for manual gauging of Class I or Class II liquids, if independent of the fill pipe, shall be provided with a vaportight cap or cover that. Openings shall be kept closed when not in use.24.8.6.1 {4.3.4.7.5} Each such opening for any liquid shall be protected against liquid overflow and possible vapor release by means of a spring-loaded check valve or other approved device.24.8.7 {4.3.4.7.7} The inlet of the fill pipe and the outlet of a vapor recovery line for which connections to tank vehicles and tank cars are made and broken shall be:(1) located outside of buildings at a location free from any source of ignition(2) located not less than �.5 m (5 ft) away from any building opening(3) be closed tight and protected against tampering when not in use(4) shall be identified.24.8.8* {4.3.4.7.8} Tanks storing Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids inside buildings shall be equipped with a device, or other means shall be provided, to prevent overflow into the building. 24.8.9 {4.3.4.7.9} Tank openings provided for purposes of vapor recovery shall be protected against possible vapor release by means of a spring-loaded check valve or dry-break connection or other approved device, unless the opening is pipe-connected to a vapor processing system. 24.8.9.1 {4.3.4.7.9} Openings designed for combined fill and vapor recovery shall also be protected against vapor release unless connection of the liquid delivery line to the fill pipe simultaneously connects the vapor recovery line.

24.8.9.2 {4.3.4.7.9} All connections shall be vaportight. 24.9 {4.3.4.8} Electrical Systems for Tank Buildings.24.9.1 {4.3.4.8} Installation of electrical utilization equipment and wiring shall meet the requirements of Chapter 7 8. 24.9.2 {4.3.4.8} Chapter 7 8 shall be used to determine the extent of classified locations for the purpose of installation of electrical equipment.24.9.2.1 {4.3.4.8} In establishing the extent of a classified location, it shall not extend beyond a floor, wall, roof, or other solid partition that has no openings, within the classified area. 24.10 {4.3.4.10} Detection and Alarm for Tank Buildings. 24.10.1 {4.3.4.10.1} An approved means shall be provided to promptly notify those within the plant and the available public or mutual aid fire department of any fire or other emergency. 24.10.2 {4.3.4.10.2} Those areas, including buildings, where the potential exists for a flammable liquid spill shall be monitored as appropriate. Such methods shall include both of the following:(1) Personnel observation or patrol (2) Monitoring equipment that indicates a spill or leak has occurred in an unattended area 24.11 {4.3.4.11} Manual Portable Fire Control Equipment for Tank Buildings. 24.11.1* {4.3.4.11.1} Listed portable fire extinguishers shall be provided for facilities in such quantities, sizes, and types as could be needed for special storage hazards as determined in accordance with ��.5.�.� 4.5.�.24.11.2* {4.3.4.11.2} Where the need is indicated in accordance with �.�.5.3 water shall be utilized through standpipe and hose systems, or through hose connections from sprinkler systems using combination spray and straight stream nozzles to permit effective fire control. 24.11.3 {4.3.4.11.3} Where the need is indicated in accordance with ��.5.3 mobile foam apparatus shall be provided. 24.11.4 {4.3.4.11.4} Automotive and trailer-mounted fire apparatus, where determined necessary, shall not be used for any purpose other than fire fighting or training. 24.12 {4.3.4.12} Fixed Fire Control Equipment for Tank Buildings24.12.1 {4.3.4.12.1} A reliable water supply or other suitable fire control agent shall be available in pressure and quantity to meet the fire demands indicated by special storage hazards or exposure as determined by ��.5.3 4.5.4.24.12.2* {4.3.4.12.2} Hydrants, with or without fixed monitor nozzles, shall be provided in accordance with accepted practice. The number and placement shall depend on the hazard of the storage, or exposure, as determined by ��.5.3 4.5.4.24.12.3* {4.3.4.12.3} Where the need is indicated by the hazards of storage or exposure as determined by ��.5.3 4.5.4 fixed protection shall be required utilizing approved foam, foam-water sprinkler systems, sprinkler systems, water spray systems, deluge systems, fire-resistive materials, or a combination of these.24.12.3.1 {4.3.4.12.3} When foam or foam-water fire protection systems are provided, discharge densities shall be determined based on the listing criteria for selected foam discharge devices, the foam concentrate, and the specific flammable or combustible liquids to be protected.24.12.4 {4.3.4.12.4} If provided, fire control systems shall be designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with the following NFPA standards:

(1) NFPA �� Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam (2) NFPA ��, Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems (3) NFPA ��A, Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems (4) NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems (5) NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection (6) NFPA �6, Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems (7) NFPA �7, Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems (8) NFPA �5, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems (9) NFPA �00�, Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems 24.13 {4.3.4.9} Inspection and Maintenance for Tank Buildings. 24.13.1 {4.3.4.9.1} Combustible waste material and residues in operating areas shall be kept to a minimum, stored in covered metal containers, and disposed of daily. 24.13.2 {4.3.4.9.2} Storage of combustible materials and empty or full drums or barrels shall not be permitted within the storage tank building.

Chapter 25 Storage Tank Vaults4.2.7 Vaults for Aboveground Tanks.25.1 {4.2.7.1} Scope. This chapter Subsection 4.�.7 shall apply to the design, construction, and installation of vaults for aboveground tanks in vaults and design and installation of such vaults.25.2 Special Terms. [Reserved]25.3 {4.2.7.2} General.25.3.1 {4.2.7.2} Aboveground tanks shall be permitted to be installed in vaults that meet the requirements of this chapter 4.�.7. 25.3.2 {4.2.7.2} Except as modified by the provisions of this chapter 4.�.7, vaults shall meet all other applicable provisions of this code.25.3.3 {4.2.7.2} Vaults shall be constructed and listed in accordance with UL ��45, Standard for Below-Grade Vaults for Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks.25.3.4 {4.2.7.2} Vaults shall be permitted to be either above or below grade.25.4 {4.2.7.3} Vault Design and Construction. Vaults shall be designed and

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 constructed to meet the following requirements �5.4.� through �5.4.��.25.4.1 {4.2.7.3(1)} The walls and floor of the vault shall be constructed of reinforced concrete at least �50 mm (6 in.) thick.25.4.2 {4.2.7.3(2)} The top of an abovegrade vault that contains a tank storing Class I flammable liquid or Class II liquid when stored at temperatures above its their flash points shall be constructed of noncombustible material and shall be designed to be weaker than the walls of the vault to ensure that the thrust of any explosion occurring inside the vault is directed upward before destructive internal pressure develops within the vault.25.4.3 {4.2.7.3(2)} The top of an at-grade or belowgrade vault that contains a tank storing Class I flammable liquid or Class II liquid when stored at temperatures above its their flash points shall be designed to relieve or contain the force of any explosion occurring inside the vault.25.4.4 {4.2.7.3(3)} The top and floor of the vault and the tank foundation shall be designed to withstand all anticipated loading, including loading from vehicular traffic, where applicable.25.4.5 {4.2.7.3(5)} The walls and floor of a belowgrade vault shall be designed to withstand anticipated soil and hydrostatic loading.25.4.6 Vaults shall be liquidtight.25.4.7 {4.2.7.3(5)} Adjacent vaults shall be permitted to share a common wall.25.4.8 {4.2.7.3(6)} The vault enclosure shall have no openings except those necessary for access to, inspection of, and filling, emptying, and venting of the tank.25.4.9 {4.2.7.3(7)} Where required, the vault shall be designed to be wind and earthquake resistant, in accordance with recognized engineering standards.25.4.10 {4.2.7.3(8)} The vault shall be provided with connections to permit ventilation to dilute, disperse, and remove any vapors prior to personnel entering the vault.25.4.11 {4.2.7.3(9)} The vault shall be provided with a means for personnel entry.25.4.12 {4.2.7.3(10)} The vault shall be provided with an approved means to admit a fire suppression agent.25.5 {4.2.7.4} Tank Selection and Arrangement.25.5.1 {4.2.7.4} Tanks shall be listed for aboveground use.25.5.2 {4.2.7.4} Each tank shall be in its own vault and shall be completely enclosed by the vault.25.5.3 {4.2.7.4} Sufficient clearance between the tank and the vault shall be provided to allow for visual inspection and maintenance of the tank and its appurtenances.25.5.4 {4.2.7.4} Backfill shall not be permitted around the tank.25.6 {4.2.7.5} Tank Appurtenances.25.6.1 {4.2.7.5.1} Vent pipes that are provided for normal tank venting shall terminate outside the vault and at least 3.6 m (�� ft) above ground level and shall meet the requirements of �7.8.�.25.6.2 {4.2.7.5.2} Emergency vents shall be vaportight and shall be permitted to discharge inside the vault. Long-bolt manhole covers shall not be permitted for this purpose.25.6.3 {4.2.7.5.3} An approved means of overfill protection shall be provided for the tanks in the vaults. The use of ball float valves shall be prohibited.25.6.4 {4.2.7.5.4} Fill connections for vaults installed inside buildings shall comply with ��.��.4 4.3.�.5.5.25.7 {4.2.7.6} Exhaust Ventilation Systems.25.7.1 {4.2.7.6} Vaults that contain tanks storing Class I liquids shall be ventilated at a rate of not less than 0.3 m3/min per m� of floor area (� cfm/ft�), but not less than 4 m3/min (�50 cfm). 25.7.2 {4.2.7.6} Such ventilation shall operate continuously or shall be designed to operate upon activation of a vapor and liquid detection system.25.7.3 {4.2.7.6} Failure of the exhaust airflow shall automatically shut down the dispensing system.25.7.4 {4.2.7.6} The exhaust system shall be designed to provide air movement across all parts of the vault floor.25.7.5 {4.2.7.6} Supply and exhaust ducts shall extend to within 75 mm (3 in.), but not more than 300 mm (�� in.), of the floor.25.7.6 {4.2.7.6} The exhaust system shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids.25.8 {4.2.7.7} Vapor and Liquid Detection Systems.25.8.1 {4.2.7.7.1} The vault shall be provided with an approved vapor and liquid detection system and equipped with on-site audible and visual warning devices with battery back-up.25.8.2 {4.2.7.7.2} Vapor detection systems shall sound an alarm when the system detects vapors that reach or exceed �5 percent of the lower flammable limit of the liquid stored.25.8.2.1 {4.2.7.7.1} Vapor detectors shall be located no higher than 300 mm (�� in.) above the lowest point in the vault.25.8.3 {4.2.7.7.3} Liquid detection systems shall sound an alarm upon detection of any liquid, including water.25.8.3.1 {4.2.7.7.3} Liquid detectors shall be located in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.25.8.4 {4.2.7.7.4} Activation of either the vapor detection system or the liquid detection system shall cause a signal to be sounded at an approved, constantly attended location within the facility serving the tanks or at an approved location.25.9 {4.2.7.8} Vault Installation. Vaults The vault shall be installed in accordance with the following requirements of �5.9.� through �5.9.5.

25.9.1 {4.2.7.8(1)} Each vault and its tank shall be anchored to resist uplifting by groundwater or flooding, including when the tank is empty.25.9.2 {4.2.7.8(2)} Vaults that are not resistant to damage from the impact of a motor vehicle shall be protected by collision barriers.25.9.3 {4.2.7.8(3)} Dispensing devices shall be permitted to be installed on the tops of vaults. Dispensing devices used for motor fuels shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 30A-�003, Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages.25.9.4 {4.2.7.8(4)} Means shall be provided to recover liquid from the vault.25.9.4.1 {4.2.7.8(4)} If a pump is used to meet this requirement, the pump shall not be permanently installed in the vault.25.9.4.2 {4.2.7.8(4)} Electric-powered portable pumps shall be approved for use in Class I, Division � locations, as defined in NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.25.9.5 {4.2.7.8(5)} At each entry point, a warning sign indicating the need for procedures for safe entry into confined spaces shall be posted. Each entry point shall be secured against unauthorized entry and vandalism.25.10 Location of Vaults. {4.2.7.9} In lieu of the separation distance requirements given in ��.4.�.� 4.3.�.�.�, separation distances between the vault and any of the following shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 ft (0 m), as measured from the outer perimeter of the vault wall:(1) Any property line that is or can be built upon(2) The near and far sides of a public way(3) The nearest important building on the same property25.11 Vaults and Equipment Maintenance. {4.2.7.10} Vaults and their required equipment shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements of Chapter �5 4.�.7.Substantiation: The proposed rewrite of Chapter 4 into five separate chapters incorporates a new HazMat template that standardizes the format and structure of all NFPA documents dealing with storage and handling of hazardous materials. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SMITH, JR., B.: A.�3.�3.�, Add the following first sentence to the annex – Anchoring should use non-metallic straps or metallic straps separated from the tank by an inert insulating dielectric material to a bottom hold-down pad or deadmen anchors. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�� Log #�� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Part (4.1.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Elson G. Fernandes, Elfent Limited Recommendation: Add new text as follows: 4.�.3.� Compartment Tank. For the purposes of this chapter a compartment tank is one that is divided into several compartments intended to contain different products of the same class or of different classes. 4.�.3.�.� The space between the bulkheads shall be provided with a normal vent in accordance with 4.�.5.� and monitored for leaks. Where a leak in a bulkhead is detected the compartment tank shall be taken out of service until the leak is repaired. 4.�.3.�.� Each compartment of a compartment tank shall be vented in accordance with 4.�.5. 4.�.3.�.3 Where a compartment tank is also in accordance with Clause 4.3.�.3.3, the maximum permissible capacity shall be the sum of the total capacity of all of the compartments. The space between the bulkheads shall be equipped with a drainage hole at the bottom so that any leaking product will enter the secondary containment. Substantiation: The present code does not address compartment tanks. The existing 4.�.5 only addresses emergency venting of compartment tanks in 4.�.5.�.� it does not address normal venting. Compartment tanks are becoming more common in aboveground storage because they limit the special requirements currently in place under 4.3.�.�, and are economically viable where small quantities of different products are required to be stored. Compartment tanks using single bulkheads create safety issues where should a leak occur in one compartment the liquid in the adjacent compartment can become contaminated and may react violently, e.g., should diesel fuel be contaminated by gasoline and used in a diesel engine the effects can be a serious fire. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Part Add as a new ��.�.� of the proposed HazMat Rewrite: “ Compartment Tank. For the purposes of this chapter, a tank that is divided into two or more compartments intended to contain the same or different liquids.” Committee Statement: The Technical Committee agrees with the need for a definition, but not with the new design requirements. Compartmented tanks are referenced in the annex to ��.3.3.�.� of the HazMat Rewrite as atmospheric tanks subject to all applicable requirements of NFPA 30. Therefore, these additional requirements duplicate existing text. If the tank is provided with a double bulkhead, then existing standards require that the space between the bulkheads be monitored, but not vented. The Technical Committee has determined this is adequate.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�3 Log #�� FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (4.1.3.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Philip Myers, Chevron Products, Co. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 4.�.3.� Floating Roof Tank. For the purposes of this chapter, a floating roof tank shall mean a tank that incorporates one of the following designs: (�) A closed-top pontoon or double-deck steel metal floating roof in an open-top tank constructed in accordance with API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage (�) A fixed steel metal roof with ventilation at the top and roof eaves constructed in accordance with API 650 and containing a closed-top pontoon or double-deck metal floating roof meeting the requirements of API 650. (3) A fixed metal roof with ventilation at the top and roof eaves constructed in accordance with API 650 and containing a metal floating cover supported by liquidtight metal floating devices that provide sufficient buoyancy to prevent the liquid surface from being exposed when half of the flotation is lost. (3) 4.�.3.�.�0 An internal metal floating pan, bulkheaded open top pan roof, or cover not constructed of steel that does not meet this definition or one that uses plastic foam (except for seals) for flotation, even if encapsulated in metal or fiberglass, shall be considered a fixed roof tank. Substantiation: Only steel floating roof which are annular pontoon or double deck design a sufficiently robust to have a hope of surviving a fire with water/foam application. Aluminum roofs do not have sufficient buoyancy to prevent a fire from escalating beyond a rim fire. More detail will be provided later. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: Without the detailed information referred to, the Technical Committee cannot consider the proposal. The submitter is requested to resubmit this proposal when the supporting information can be provided. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�4 Log #34 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Part (4.2.3.1.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 4.2.3.1.1. * Atmospheric Tanks, including those incorporating secondary containment… (�) UL58, Standard for…; UL80, Standard for Steel Inside Tanks for Oil Burner Fuel; UL�4� Standard for… A.4.2.3.1.1 . The methodology for evaluation of nonmetallic tanks for oil burner fuel is SU��58, Outline of Investigation for Tanks for Oil Burner Fuel - Non-metallic. Substantiation: Item (�) proposed revision identifies the correct Title of the UL80 Standard. The word “Inside” has been deleted from the Standard Title and Scope since �996. This correlates with the NFPA 30 and NFPA 3� Codes which allow these tank types either indoors or outdoors. Item (�) proposed addition identifies the UL outline for evaluation of tank types for oil burner fuel, similar to UL80, except with nonmetallic constructions, and therefore, contain additional requirements for compatibility, physical abuse and fire resistance. The addition of the reference added to A.4.�.3.�.� is coordinated with the proposal on H.�.�.��. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Part Accept the correction to the title of UL 80; do not accept the proposed new annex item. Committee Statement: The Technical Committee points out that storage tanks are required to be metal and that use of nonmetallic tanks are restricted by NFPA 30. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�5 Log #�0 FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (4.2.5.2.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Philip Myers, Chevron Products, Co. Recommendation: Insert replacement of 4.�.5.�.�: 4.�.5.�.�* For vertical tanks, the emergency relief venting construction referred to in 4.�.5.�.� shall be permitted to be a floating roof or a frangible roof (weak roof-to-shell seam), or another approved pressure-relieving construction. If used, a frangible roof shall be constructed to fail preferential to any other seam and shall be designed in accordance with API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage. A.4.�.5.�.� The �0th edition, 3rd Addendum to API 650 refers to API Publication 9�7 Evaluation of the Design Criteria for Storage Tanks with Frangible Roofs. The API PVT committee used this study to conservatively select a diameter of 50 ft which is known to be conservative to limit the use of the frangible roof because very small tanks do not fail in a manner prescribed in 4.�.5.�.�. However, as more research is conducted it is likely that this

diameter may be reduced. The latest edition of API 650 should be consulted to determine what the smallest diameter tank is that can be used to satisfy emergency venting requirements when done so by weak roof to shell or frangible joints. Substantiation: None given. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: This proposal offers no new material. The subject of the proposed Annex material is already addressed in NFPA 30, except with regard to the research program, which has not yet yielded definitive results. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�6 Log #�3 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.2.6) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Elson G. Fernandes, Elfent Limited Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: Metal used to fabricate the tank shall be thick enough to compensate for Where internal corrosion is expected during the design life of the tank or other an approved means of corrosion protection shall be provided. Substantiation: Tank designs listed as acceptable under �.3.� and �.3.7 do not include “design life” as a factor of physical construction. Corrosion rates are not predictable on a measured thickness per life cycle increment the existing statement therefore cannot be complied with in real life. The statement addresses “internal corrosion” and implies that corrosion factors only apply to metals since it references corrosion protection by metal thickness increase, corrosion is also a factor in non metallic structures it is generally chemical in nature. Several Flammable and Combustible liquids as defined are in fact non corrosive to steels but corrosive to non metallic tanks. Internal and external corrosion are addressed separately in 4.�.6.� and 4.�.6.� the statement in 4.�.6 is only required to be general. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle See Proposal 30-�7 (Log#��) Committee Statement: See Proposal 30-�7 (Log#��) Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�7 Log #�� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.2.6.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Elson G. Fernandes, Elfent Limited Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: Where tanks are not designed in accordance with 4.�.6, or with standard of the American Petroleum Institute, American Society of Mechanical Engineers or the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. or if corrosion is anticipated beyond that provided in the design formulas or standards used, the corrosion shall be inhibited by the use of additional metal material thickness or the application of a suitable protective coatings or linings. shall be provided, to compensate for the corrosion loss expected during the design life of the tank. Substantiation: 4.�.6 does not include design criteria. The repetition of the names of the approved Standards writing organizations are not required, neither can those tanks that follow their criteria be exempted since the approved tanks Standards do not include corrosion resistance in their design criteria. Design life is technically an undetermined period of time and is also not considered in the design criteria under the approved Standards. The criteria is the need to provide additional protection should corrosion be an anticipated problem. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Revise 4.�.6 to read: “Design of Storage Tank System Corrosion Protection. Corrosion protection Metal used to fabricate the tank shall meet the requirements of 4.�.6.� and 4.�.6.3, whichever is applicable be thick enough to compensate for internal corrosion expected during the design life of the tank or other approved means of corrosion protection shall be provided . Revise 4.�.6.� to read: “4.�.6.� Internal Corrosion Protection for Metal All Tanks. Where tanks are not designed in accordance with 4.�.6, or with standards of the American Petroleum Institute, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, or the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. or if corrosion is anticipated beyond that provided for in the design formulas or standards used, additional metal thickness or suitable protective coatings or linings shall be provided to compensate for the corrosion loss expected during the design life of the tank.. Add a new 4.�.6.3 to read: “Internal Corrosion Protection for Nonmetallic Tanks. Where tanks are not designed in accordance with standards of the American Petroleum Institute, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASTM, or the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. or if degradation is anticipated beyond that provided for in the design formulas or standards used, degradation shall be compensated for by additional material thickness or the application of protective coatings or linings.” Committee Statement: The language proposed by the Technical Committee meets the submitters objectives and applies to other materials of construction as well. Number Eligible to Vote: 24

30-�3

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�8 Log #�6 FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (4.2.7) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Jim Everitt, Western Regional Fire Code Dev. Committee Recommendation: Revise to read: 4.2.7.2 General. Aboveground tanks shall be permitted to be installed in vaults that meet the requirements of 4.�.7. Except as modified by the provisions of 4.�.7, vaults shall meet all other applicable provisions of this code. Vaults shall be constructed and listed in accordance with UL ��45, Standard for Below-Grade Vaults for Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks. Vaults shall be permitted to be either above or below grade. When approved by the ahj, vaults shall be allowed to be installed inside or outside of buildings. 4.2.7.8 Vault Installation. The vault shall be installed in accordance with the following requirements: (�) Each vault and its tank shall be anchored to resist uplifting by groundwater or flooding, including when the tank is empty. (�) Vaults that are not resistant to damage from the impact of a motor vehicle shall be protected by collision barriers. (3) Dispensing devices shall be permitted to be installed on the tops of vaults. (4) Means shall be provided to recover liquid from the vault. If a pump is used to meet this requirement, the pump shall not be permanently installed in the vault. Electric-powered portable pumps shall be approved for use in Class I, Division � locations, as defined in NFPA 70, National Electrical Code. (5) At each entry point, a warning sign indicating the need for procedures for safe entry into confined spaces shall be posted. Each entry point shall be secured against unauthorized entry and vandalism. (6) Vaults that contain a tank storing a Class I flammable liquid shall not be installed in basement areas of buildings. (7) Vaults that contain a tank storing Class II or Class III-A combustible liquid may be installed in basement areas of buildings provided that the vault is protected by an approved automatic fire protection system. 4.2.7.11 Maximum Tank Capacity. The maximum individual tank capacity of a tank storing a Class I flammable liquid located in a vault inside a building shall not exceed 4,000 gallons. Exception: Where the vault is provided with an approved automatic fire protection system the maximum individual tank capacity may be increased to 8,000 gallons. The maximum individual tank capacity of a tank storing a Class II or Class III-A combustible liquid located in a vault inside a building shall not exceed �0,000 gallons. Exception: Where the vault is provided with an approved automatic fire protection system the maximum individual tank capacity may be increased to �0,000 gallons. Substantiation: Currently the code is somewhat unclear about whether vaults are allowed to be installed inside buildings as well as outside. When vaults are located inside buildings there are no restrictions on the location, or type of occupancy where the vaults can be located. Since the code prohibits the storage of Class I liquids in containers and portable tanks in basements it seems reasonable that stationary tanks of Class I liquids should also be prohibited due to the hazards. The requirement for vaults in basements containing tanks of Class II or IIIA liquids to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system is new but should be required since there are currently no limitations on the size of tank or occupancy restrictions. The proposal adds limitations on the maximum capacity of the fuel tank that can be located in an individual vault inside a building. Table 6.4.4.� establishes maximum quantities of flammable or combustible liquids inside unprotected storage rooms in portable tanks and containers. The maximum tank capacities provided here are derived from the table quantities. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: �. Vaults in buildings are already allowed, since the section doesn’t specify outdoor installation. �. The requirement for fire suppression conflicts with other standards such as NFPA 3� and NFPA 37, which cover the vast majority of these installations and which do not require a fire suppression system. 3. Paragraph 4.�.7.8(7) is internally inconsistent with and conflicts with Exceptions to 4.�.7.��. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�9 Log #35 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.2.7.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 4.2.7.3 Vault Design and Construction . Vaults shall be designed and constructed to meet the following requirements: (�) The walls and floor of the vault shall be constructed of reinforced concrete at least �50 mm (6 in.) thick. (�) The top of an abovegrade vault that contains a tank storing Class I

flammable liquid or Class II liquid when stored at temperatures above their flash points shall be constructed of noncombustible material and shall be designed to be weaker than the walls of the vault to ensure that the thrust of any explosion occurring inside the vault is directed upward before destructive internal pressure develops within the vault. The top of an at-grade or belowgrade vault that contains a tank storing Class I flammable liquid or Class II liquid when stored at temperatures above their flash points shall be designed to relieve or contain the force of any explosion occurring inside the vault. (3) The top and floor of the vault and the tank foundation shall be designed to withstand all anticipated loading, including loading from vehicular traffic, where applicable. (4) The walls and floor of a belowgrade vault shall be designed to withstand anticipated soil and hydrostatic loading. The vault shall be liquidtight. ( 5 � ) Adjacent vaults shall be permitted to share a common wall. ( 6) The vault enclosure shall have no openings except those necessary for access to, inspection of, and filling, emptying, and venting of the tank. ( 7 3 ) Where required, the vault shall be designed to be wind and earthquake resistant, in accordance with recognized engineering standards. (8) The vault shall be provided with connections to permit ventilation to dilute, disperse, and remove any vapors prior to personnel entering the vault. (9) The vault shall be provided with a means for personnel entry. The vault shall be provided with an approved means to admit a fire suppression agent. Substantiation: 4.�.7.3(�) is deleted because UL ��45 listed vaults comply with these criteria. Section 4.�.7.� requires construction in accordance with UL ��45; therefore the deleted text is redundant. Similarly, 4.�.7.3(3) and 4.�.7.3(4) are deleted because these are also already covered in UL ��45. 4.�.7.3(6) is deleted because UL ��45 Sections 4 & 8 are consistent with these provisions. 4.�.7.3(8) through 4.�.7.3(�0) are deleted because they are provided for in UL ��45. 4.�.7.3(�), (5) and (7) are retained and re-numbered. They are consistent with UL ��45 but provide additional guidance. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Replace the current 4.�.7.3 with the following: “ 4.�.7.3* Vault Design and Construction. Vaults shall be designed and constructed to meet the following requirements: (�) The top of an abovegrade vault that contains a tank storing Class I flammable liquid or Class II liquid when stored at temperatures above their flash points shall be constructed of noncombustible material and shall be designed to be weaker than the walls of the vault to ensure that the thrust of any explosion occurring inside the vault is directed upward before destructive internal pressure develops within the vault. The top of an at-grade or belowgrade vault that contains a tank storing Class I flammable liquid or Class II liquid when stored at temperatures above their flash points shall be designed to relieve or contain the force of any explosion occurring inside the vault. (�) Adjacent vaults shall be permitted to share a common wall. (3) Where required, the vault shall be designed to be wind and earthquake resistant, in accordance with recognized engineering standards.” Add a new A.4.�.7.3 to read: “ A.4.�.7.3 Some of the specifications for vault design and construction include: (�) The walls and floor of the vault are to be constructed of reinforced concrete at least �50 mm (6 in.) thick. (�) The top and floor of the vault and the tank foundation must be designed to withstand all anticipated loading, including loading from vehicular traffic, where applicable. (3) The walls and floor of a belowgrade vault must be designed to withstand anticipated soil and hydrostatic loading. The vault must be liquidtight. (4) The vault enclosure must have no openings except those necessary for access to, inspection of, and filling, emptying, and venting of the tank. (5) The vault shall be provided with connections to permit ventilation to dilute, disperse, and remove any vapors prior to personnel entering the vault. (9) The vault must be provided with a means for personnel entry. (�0) The vault must be provided with an approved means to admit a fire suppression agent. Committee Statement: The Technical Committee’s version meets the objectives of the submitter, but places some information in the annex because these items are part of the listing document. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-30 Log #CP�� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.2.7.4) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.�.7.4 to read: “4.�.7.4 * Tank Selection and Arrangement. Tanks shall be listed for aboveground use. Each tank shall be in its own vault and shall be completely enclosed by the vault. Sufficient clearance between the tank and the vault shall be provided to allow for visual inspection and maintenance of the tank and its appurtenances. Backfill shall not be permitted around the tank.” Add a new annex item to read: “ A.4.�.7.4 Inspections are recommended for shop fabricated aboveground

30-�4

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 tanks. One guide is the Standard for Inspection of in-Service Shop Fabricated Aboveground Tanks for Storage of Combustible and Flammable Liquids, SP00�-05, which is published by the Steel Tank Institute. In addition, the tank owner may desire to conduct additional inspections to ensure the ongoing integrity of tanks and equipment. Because the interior of a vault will ordinarily remain dry and temperature-moderated, environmental effects on tanks and equipment inside vaults will be reduced as compared to aboveground tanks that are not protected from weather exposure. Accordingly, inspection and maintenance frequencies for exterior surfaces of tanks and piping in vaults are typically less critical than for aboveground tanks installed outdoors. Nevertheless, inspection and maintenance of emergency vents and overfill prevention devices are still necessary. Clearance between the shell of a tank or equipment in a vault and the interior vault wall should be sufficient to accommodate visual inspections and maintenance that may be needed. In addition, consideration should be given to the need for inspection and maintenance of tank interior surfaces that may be impacted by internal corrosion. Clearance should be adequate to permit: �) Entry into the vault interior by an inspector or maintenance worker, �) Access to manipulate, repair or replace any equipment or fittings in the vault, 3) Access within the vault to visually inspect, either by direct sight or with the aid of an optical vision extension tools, interior vault surfaces and exterior surfaces of tanks and equipment, to determine the source of any leakage that may occur, and to conduct any needed repairs. Because vaults are designed to provide for entry by inspectors or maintenance workers, consideration should also be given to providing access for rescue by emergency responders who may be called upon to rescue an individual from a vault. Such consideration may include providing a minimum access hatch dimension of 36 inches and a minimum dimension for walkways in vault interior spaces of 30-inches to permit an emergency responder with an SCBA to maneuver and providing, in some cases, a second means of access to the vault interior. “ Substantiation: The change to 4.�.7.4 is editorial. The annex text is provided to help explain certain factors inherent in inspection of vaults, including what is considered to be adequate access and sufficient clearance. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-3� Log #36 FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (4.2.7.5) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 4.2.7.5 Tank Appurtenances. 4.�.7.5.� Vent pipes that are provided for normal tank venting shall terminate outside the vault and at least 3.6 m (�� ft) above ground level and shall meet the requirements of 5.7.�. 4.�.7.5.� Emergency vents shall be vaportight and shall be permitted to discharge inside the vault. Long-bolt manhole covers shall not be permitted for this purpose. 4.�.7.5.3 An approved means of overfill protection shall be provided for the tanks in the vaults. The use of ball float valves shall be prohibited. 4.�.7.5. 4 3 Fill connections for vaults installed inside buildings shall comply with 4.3.�.5.5. Substantiation: 4.�.7.5.� is deleted because UL ��45 listed vaults comply with these criteria. Section 4.�.7.� requires construction in accordance with UL ��45; therefore the deleted text is redundant. The balance of this section is re-numbered accordingly. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The deleted text is an important provision that might not be obvious to the inspector. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-3� Log #37 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.2.8) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Add new text as follows: 4.2.8 Fire-Resistant Tanks . (Reserved) Fire resistant tanks shall be listed and shall be tested in accordance with UL�080, Standard for Fire Resistant Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids. Fire resistant tanks shall also meet both of the following requirements: (�) The construction that provides the required fire-resistive protection shall reduce the heat transferred to the primary tank to not more than 800°F (430°C) average maximum rise and �000°F (540°C) single point maximum, and shall prevent release of liquid, failure of the primary tank, failure of the supporting structure, and impairment of venting for a period of not less than � hours when tested using the fire exposure specified in UL�080. (�) The size of the emergency vent shall not be permitted to be reduced, as would

otherwise be permitted by 4.�.5.�.6. Substantiation: There is currently no information in NFPA 30 for evaluation requirements of fire resistant tanks. This proposal identifies the UL Standard used to evaluate such tanks. This and our proposal to 4.�.9 also clarifies the basic difference between Fire Resistant and Protected Tanks, and must be coordinated with our proposed revision of 4.�.9. This also supports NFPA � and NFPA 30A. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �� Negative: � Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Explanation of Negative: SHAPIRO, J.: Regardless of whether Proposal 30-3� is accepted, UL �080 tanks will be permitted by NFPA 30. UL �080 is already recognized as a satisfactory tank design standard in 4.�.3.�.� (�) [now ��.3.3.�.� (�)], and given that the proposed provisions essentially repeat what’s already in UL �080, there’s no apparent value of expanding Section 4.�.8, particularly when one considers that there are no advantages to using a UL �080 tank vs. a UL �4� tank in NFPA 30 and when one considers that there are apparently no tanks that are being uniquely listed to UL �080. ________________________________________________________________ 30-33 Log #38 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.2.9) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 4.2.9 Protected Tanks . Protected tanks shall be listed and shall be tested in accordance with UL�085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids. Protected tanks shall also meet both of the following requirements: (�) The construction that provides the required fire-resistive protection shall reduce the heat transferred to the primary tank to not more than �60°F (�44°C) average maximum rise and 400°F (�04°C) single point maximum, and shall prevent release of liquid, failure of the primary tank, failure of the supporting structure, and impairment of venting for a period of not less than � hours when tested using the fire exposure specified in UL�085. (�) The size of the emergency vent shall not be permitted to be reduced, as would otherwise be permitted by 4.�.5.�.6. Substantiation: There is currently no information in NFPA 30 for evaluation requirements of fire-protected tanks. This proposal identifies the UL Standard used to evaluate such tanks. This and the proposal to 4.�.8 also clarifies the basic difference between Fire Resistant and Protected Tanks, and must be coordinated with our proposed revision of 4.�.8. This also supports NFPA � and NFPA 30A. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-34 Log #43 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.3.2.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Rick Thornberry, The Code Consortium, Inc. / Rep. Convault Recommendation: Revise 4.3.�.3 to read as follows: 4.3.�.3 * Control of Spills from Aboveground Tanks. Every Tank s that contain s a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid shall be provided with means to prevent an accidental release of liquid from endangering important facilities and adjoining property or from reaching waterways. Such means shall meet the requirements of 4.3.�.3.�, 4.3.�.3.�, or 4.3.�.3.3 , or 4.3.�.3.4, whichever is applicable. A.4.3.�.3 “Accidental release” includes but is not limited to: - leakage from the tank shell - overfill - leakage from piping connected to the tank 4.3.�.3.� [As is - No change] 4.3.�.3.� Impounding Around Tanks by Open Diking. Where Spill control protection of adjoining property or waterways is provided by means of impounding by open diking around the tanks, such systems shall comply with 4.3.�.3.�(A) through 4.3.�.3.�(H). 4.3.�.3.3* Impounding Around Tanks by Closed-Top Diking. Spill control provided by means of impounding using closed-top diking shall comply with 4.3.�.3.�(B), (C), (D), (G) and (H) or the tank shall meet the requirements of 4.3.�.3.4, as applicable. A.4.3.�.3.3 Some tanks are provided with a rain shield intended to prevent accumulation of precipitation in the diked area and that is constructed integral to the tank. This rain shield might prevent an accidental release from being captured within the diked area. 4.3.�.3. 3 .4 [As is - No change] Substantiation: This Proposal addresses spill control for factory-built aboveground tanks with integral closed-top dikes where an overfill release may not enter the closed dike space. It ensures that the intent of NFPA 30’s spill control requirements will be met in a safe manner. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle See HazMat Rewrite Proposal 30-�� (Log #CP�7) Committee Statement: See HazMat Rewrite Proposal 30-�� (Log #CP�7)

30-�5

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-35 Log #CP�� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.2.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: (�) Revise 4.3.�.3 to read: “4.3.�.3 * Control of Spills from Aboveground Tanks. Every tank that contains a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid shall be provided with means to prevent an accidental release of liquid from endangering important facilities and adjoining property or from reaching waterways. Such means shall meet the requirements of 4.3.�.3.�, 4.3.�.3.�, or 4.3.�.3.3, or 4.3.�.3.4, whichever is applicable.” (�) Add a new A.4.3.�.3 “Accidental release” includes but is not limited to: (�) leakage from the tank shell (�) overfill (3) leakage from piping connected to the tank” (3) Revise 4.3.�.3.� to read: “4.3.�.3.� Impounding Around Tanks by Open Diking. Where spill control protection of adjoining property or waterways is by means of impounding by open diking around the tanks, such systems shall comply with 4.3.�.3.�(A) through 4.3.�.3.�(H).” There are no changes made to (A) through (H). (4) Add a new 4.3.�.3.3 to read: “4.3.�.3.3* Impounding Around Tanks by Closed-Top Diking. Where spill control is by means of impounding by closed-top diking around the tanks, such systems shall comply with paragraph 4.3.�.3.4 or shall meet all of the following requirements: (�) 4.3.�.3.�(B), (C), (D), (G) and (H) (�) 4.3.�.3.3.� and 4.3.�.3.3.�. 4.3.�.3.3.� Where the normal vent or the emergency vent device, or both, discharge outside of the enclosure created by the closed-top diking, the tank within the enclosure shall comply with 4.3.�.3.4(4) and (5). 4.3.�.3.3.� Where the fill connection for the tank within the enclosure created by the closed-top diking is not located within the enclosure, the tank shall comply with 4.3.�.3.4(4) and (5). (5) Add a new A.4.3.�.3.3 to read: “ Some tanks are provided with a shield that is intended to prevent accumulation of rainwater in the dike. This rain shield might prevent accidental release from entering the dike.” Substantiation: These changes are made to ensure that factory-built aboveground tanks with integral dikes or spill pans can meet NFPA 30’s requirements for spill control, particularly for spills resulting from tank overfill. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SHAPIRO, J.: The text in the ballot draft for Section 4.3.�.3.� incorrectly shows the text “protection of adjoining property or waterways” as underlined. This text was to be stricken according to Attachment A4 of the ROP meeting agenda package. It may also be appropriate for the committee to revisit the controls proposed in the new Section 4.3.�.3.3 versus those prescribed for secondary containment tanks in Section 4.3.�.3.4 (the old 4.3.�.3.3). For example, if the provisions for secondary containment tanks referenced back to requirements for emergency venting of enclosed dike areas, it would seem appropriate for the closed-top diking provisions to have a similar reference. _______________________________________________________________ 30-36 Log #49 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.3.2.3.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Wayne Geyer, Steel Tank Inst. Recommendation: Revise ��.9.3.� [4.3.�.3.3.�(�)] with new requirements as follows: a. Revised Language - The capacity of the listed primary tank shall not exceed the capacities given in the Table below:

Substantiation: The secondary containment provision has been in the NFPA 30 Code for nearly �0 years. Tens of thousands of secondary containment tanks have been built, installed, and are in operation since this provision went into affect without major incidence. Further, the Uniform Fire Code and the International Fire Code allow any-sized listed secondary containment tank to be installed in lieu of diking (typically up to 50,000 gallons). This could be interpreted as an indication that the fire service has already supported this measure. When the Committee in NFPA 30A agreed to allow ASTs for motor vehicle fueling, the provisions for anti-siphon, all connections atop the primary tank, venting, gauging, alarms during filling, and shut-off of filling operations were

mandated to prevent a release from ever occurring. Likewise, when the Committee in NFPA 30 agreed to allow secondary containment tanks in lieu of diking as an exception to the spill control rule, the provisions for anti-siphon, all connections atop the primary tank, venting, gauging, alarms during filling, and shut-off of filling operations were mandated to prevent a release from ever occurring. The purpose of a dike is to control spills during emergencies, but has never been intended to justify overfills. Overfill prevention with small shop-fabricated listed tanks can be accommodated using gauging, alarms, and shut-off devices so that an overfill will not occur. Spills during filling operations near the tank delivery truck is just as apt to occur at tank sites without the proper precautionary equipment to prevent overfill spillage, yet the Code does not mandate that such vehicles be within the dike. NFPA 30A has nearly identical provisions of AST’s used for motor vehicle fueling as Section ��.9.3 of NFPA 30 on secondary containment tanks used for spill control. As a result, Code users frequently believe that the provisions for secondary containment tanks within NFPA 30 apply to all motor vehicle fueling applications under NFPA 30A. NFPA 30A restricts maximum tank capacities to ��, 000 gallons for Class � liquids and for installations at public retail facilities. This capacity probably jived with tank truck delivery loads of 8000 gallons. However, tanks storing Class � liquids and used to fuel fleets at commercial, industrial, and governmental facilities are allowed to be stored in tank capacities up to �0,000 gallons. The above table will facilitate consistency between the two Codes. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Delete the third row of the table. Committee Statement: The change is made to correlate with the basic provisions of NFPA 30 for spill control. Spill control for fire protection purposes is not required for tanks storing Class IIIB liquids. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SMITH, JR., B.: The last line of the referenced table should be revised to read “� and 3A”. ________________________________________________________________ 30-37 Log #4� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.3.2.3.3.1 (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Rick Thornberry, The Code Consortium, Inc. / Rep. Convault Recommendation: Ad new text to read as follows: 4.3.�.3.3.� The enclosure created by the closed-top diking shall be provided with emergency venting in accordance with 4.�.5.�. 4.3.�.3.3.� Where the normal vent or the emergency vent device, or both, discharge outside of the enclosure created by the closed-top diking, the tank within the enclosure shall comply with 4.3.�.3.4(4) and (5). 4.3.�.3.3.3 Where the fill connection for the tank within the enclosure created by the closed-top diking is not located within the enclosure, the tank shall comply with 4.3.�.3.4(4) and (5). Substantiation: It is possible for closed-top diking to be arranged so that an enclosed unvented space is created around the tank located within the diked area where a roof is installed to prevent precipitation accumulating within the diked area. Thus, it is necessary to assure that such an enclosed space is provided with adequate emergency venting in the event that there is a leak or other accidental release from the tank into the enclosed dike area. So we have proposed including a requirement for emergency venting in accordance with 4.�.5.�. Such emergency venting could be accomplished by providing a hinged roof cover over the diked area which would be designed to release under the appropriate pressure build-up, by providing for adequate open ventilation around the perimeter of the closed-top dike, or by the use of an emergency vent device installed within the roof enclosure. Also, where the normal vent or an emergency vent device (where provided) discharges outside of the enclosure that is created by the roof over the diked area of the closed-top diking, there is a possibility of having a tank overfill condition occur. This could occur if the liquid spills out of either vent and is not contained by the integral diking due to the arrangement of the roof cover over the diked area. Such an arrangement would allow the liquid to spill outside of the diked area unless provisions are made to prevent an overfill condition from developing. Thus, we have provided a requirement for such an arrangement to have adequate overfill prevention as specified in Section 4.3.�.3.4(4) and (5) as is required for secondary containment tanks. Similarly, where the fill connection for the tank located within the enclosure created by the closed-top diking is itself not located within the enclosure, then it is possible that an accidental release could occur during the tank filling operation which would discharge outside of the diked area. Thus, we have also provided a reference to Section 4.3.�.3.4(4) and (5) for preventing such an occurrence similar to that required for secondary containment tanks. In summary, we believe that these additional safety provisions for closed-top diking arrangements will provide adequate protection for an accidental release under the conditions specified to meet the intent of NFPA 30 for spill control and will provide adequate emergency venting during a fire exposing a closed-top diking arrangement. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle See HazMat Rewrite Proposal 30-�� (Log #CP�7) Committee Statement: See HazMat Rewrite Proposal 30-�� (Log #CP�7)

Liquid Classification CapacityI 45,400 L (��,000 gal)

II and IIIA 75,667 L (�0,000 gal)

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-38 Log #�7 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Part (4.3.2.5 and 4.3.2.5.6 new) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: James Everitt, Western Regional Fire Code Development Committee Recommendation: �. Revise to read: 4.3.�.5 Tank Openings Other than Vents for Aboveground Tanks. �. Add a new section to read: 4.3.�.5.6 The filling and emptying connections shall be equipped with a means to make a direct connection with the delivery hose. Substantiation: The first proposal is editorial. The second would require a direct connection for filling tanks. This would prevent odors and vapor release into the area. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Part No action required. Committee Statement: Item � has already been taken care of as part of the HazMat template rewrite. The submitter has not submitted technical or fire incident data to justify the second change. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SMITH, JR., B.: Committee Action was to Reject, as proponent’s item � is already the current wording of 4.3.�.5. ________________________________________________________________ 30-39 Log #CP3� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.3.2.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.3.3.�.� to read: “Underground tanks shall be set on firm foundations and shall be set on the minimum depth of bedding recommended by the tank manufacturer. The bedding shall extend at least � ft in all directions beyond the perimeter of the tank.” Substantiation: The proposed text is clearer than the current requirements of NFPA 30 and correlates with manufacturers’ installation instructions and with the recommendations of PEI RP�00, Section 3.3. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-40 Log #CP3� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.3.2.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Add the following to the proposed text of Proposal 30-39 (Log #CP3�): “ Underground tanks shall be surrounded with backfill to a depth of at least 300 mm (�� in.) or greater where specified by the tank manufacturer. The backfill shall be spread evenly in �� to �8 in. vertical lifts (layers) and compacted as recommended by the manufacturer. “ Substantiation: The proposed text is consistent with manufacturers’ installation instructions and with the recommendations of PEI RP�00, Figure �0. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SMITH, JR., B.: Revise �50mm (6 in.) to 300mm (�� in.). ________________________________________________________________ 30-4� Log #CP33 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.3.2.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.3.3.�.� to read as follows: “Underground tanks shall be covered with one of the following: (�) at least not less than 600 mm (�4 in.) 300 mm (�� in.) of compacted backfill, covered with at least 300 mm (�� in.) of clean earth (�) at least not less than 300 mm (�� in.) of earth compacted backfill, on top of which shall be placed a slab of reinforced concrete at least not less than �00 mm (4 in.) thick. Substantiation: The proposed rewording clarifies the intended requirement that the tank must be covered with the appropriate backfill up to a depth of �� in., with the remaining �� in. of covered allowed to be clean earth. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24

Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: KALLUNGAL, J.: Editorial revision to text in committee substantiation: “�� in. of covered” should read “�� in. of covering”. SMITH, JR., B.: Put a period at the end of “earth”, and add the following sentence – In no case shall the total cover be less than 600mm (�4 in.). ________________________________________________________________ 30-4� Log #CP34 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.3.2.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.3.3.�.3 to read: “Maximum burial depth of cover shall be specified by the tank manufacturer and shall be marked on the tank.” Also, add a new Annex item to read: “ Maximum burial depths, measured from the top of the tank, are established by the tank manufacturers and by independent testing laboratories. “ Substantiation: Consistency with the listing terms used by the listing standards. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-43 Log #CP35 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.3.4.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.3.3.4.� to read: “Connections for all tank openings shall be liquid and vapor tight. Substantiation: Underground tanks must be as vapor tight as they are liquid tight, as this is defined by the Chapter. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SMITH, JR., B.: Insert and vapor after “liquid”, and delete “as defined in 5.X.�”. ________________________________________________________________ 30-44 Log #CP36 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.3.4.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.3.3.4.� to read: “Openings for manual gauging, if independent of the fill pipe, shall be provided with a liquid and vapor tight cap or cover. Covers shall be kept closed when not gauging.” Substantiation: Correlation with 4.3.3.4.�, as revised. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-45 Log #CP37 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.3.4.5) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.3.3.4.5 to read: “Such connections shall be closed and liquid and vapor tight, when not in use and shall be properly identified.” Substantiation: Correlation with 4.3.3.4.�, as revised. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SMITH, JR., B.: Delete “as defined in 5.X.�”. ________________________________________________________________ 30-46 Log #�5 FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (4.3.3.4.7) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Jim Everitt Recommendation: Add a new section 4.3.3.4.7 to read: A spill container having a capacity of not less than 5 gallons shall be provided for each fill connection. For tanks with a top fill connection, spill container shall be noncombustible and shall be fixed to the tank and equipped with a manual drain valve that drains into a primary tank. For tanks

30-�7

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 with a remote fill connection, a portable spill container is allowed. Substantiation: Requirements will bring the flammable and combustible liquids code into compliance with EPA. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The EPA requirement is for regulated tanks only, while NFPA 30 addresses all tanks. The Technical Committee is also concerned that this requirement could be extended to tanks where contamination of the stored liquid is a concern, e.g. jet fuel. The Technical Committee suggests that the submitter direct this proposal to the Technical Committee on Automotive and Marine Service Stations. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-47 Log #CP�8 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.4.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Revise 4.3.4.� to read: “Subsection 4.3.4 shall apply to installations of tanks storing Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids , and Class IIIB liquids heated above their flash points in storage tank buildings. Substantiation: Class IIIB liquids present a fire hazard at least equal to that of a Class IIIA liquid, if they are heated up to or above their flash points. Therefore, they should be within the scope of this chapter. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-48 Log #CP�0 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.3.4.3.4) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Replace the current 4.3.4.3.4 with the following text: “Storage tank buildings where Class IA liquids are stored shall be designed to direct flame, combustion gases and pressure resulting from a deflagration away from important buildings or occupied areas through the use of damage limiting construction. The damage limiting construction design shall be in accordance with recognized standards and shall be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.” Add a new 4.3.4.3.5 to read: “Storage tank buildings where unstable liquids are stored shall be designed using an approved engineered construction method that is designed to limit damage from an explosion (deflagration or detonation, depending on liquid).” Renumber accordingly. Substantiation: This correlates with changes made to 7.3.3.7. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-49 Log #9 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.4 and 4.6.7) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Philip Myers, Chevron Products, Co. Recommendation: Revise Section 4.4 to read as follows: 4.4 Testing , Maintenance and Inspection Requirements for Tanks. Add 4.4.� New Aboveground Tanks. Renumber existing 4.4.� tas 4.4.�.� and 4.�.� through 4.4.�.4 as 4.4.�.� through 4.4.�.5. Renumber existing 4.4.� as 4.4.�.6 and existing 4.4.�.� through 4.4.�.4 as 4.4.�.7 through 4.4.�.�0. Delete existing 4.4.3 and insert new 4.4.� as follows: 4.4.� Existing Tanks. 4.4.�.� Each field erected tank shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with API 653. 4.4.�.� Each shop built tank shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with the principles of API 653 or in accordance with STI SP 00�. 4.4.�.3 Each tank which has been relocated, reconstructed, jacked, and damaged by impact, flood or other trauma shall be inspected in accordance with the principles of API 653. 4.4.�.4 Each tank shall be maintained liquid tight and all appurtenances, including normal vents and emergency vents and related devices, shall be properly maintained to ensure that they function as intended. 4.4.�.5 Openings for gauging on tanks storing Class I liquids shall be provided with a vaportight cap or cover. Such covers shall be closed when not gauging. 4.4.�.6 Pontoons n external floating roof tanks shall be inspected at intervals not exceeding 5 years by visual and by atmospheric testing methods to ensure that the pontoon covers are mechanically secured to the floating roof deck and do not contain liquids or vapors resulting from leaks or corrosion holes in the pontoons. The rim vents if any shall also be inspected to ensure that they are not frozen open which allows flammable vapors to enter the rim space and increases the likelihood of rim fires.

Delete all of 4.6.7. Substantiation: NFPA 30 does not adequately address corrosion or time based damage mechanisms to aboveground storage tanks. This proposal provides proper consideration for the ongoing integrity of aboveground tanks by applying industry standard requirements for inspection and repair. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle (�) Replace current Subsection 4.4.3 with the following: “ 4.4.3* Periodic Testing. Each tank shall be tested when required by manufacturers instructions and applicable standards to ensure the integrity of the tank.” --------------------------------------------------------------- “ A.4.4.3 For information on testing of underground tanks, one source of information is NFPA 3�9, Recommended Practice for Handling Releases of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases. For information on testing aboveground tanks, see API 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, STI SP00�-05 (title) or other appropriate standards.” --------------------------------------------------------------- (�) Replace current Subsection 4.6.7 with the following: “4.6.7 Tank Maintenance. 4.6.7.�* Each tank shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with API 653 or STI SP00�, whichever is applicable. Each tank constructed of other materials shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with manufacturers instructions and applicable standards. to ensure compliance with the requirements of this code. Testing requirements for tanks shall be in accordance with Section 4.4.3. ------------------------------------------------------- “A.4.6.7.� Regular inspections of aboveground storage tanks, performed in accordance with national standards, provide a means to ensure system maintenance. Acceptable standards include, but are not limited to, the following: (�) API 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction (�) STI SP00�-0�, Standard for Inspection of In-Service Shop Fabricated Aboveground Tanks for Storage of Combustible and Flammable Liquids (3) API ��R�, Setting, Maintenance, Inspection, Operation, and Repair of Tanks in Production Service (4) API �350, Overfill Protection for Storage Tanks in Petroleum Facilities.” -------------------------------------------------------- 4.6.7.� Each tank shall be maintained liquidtight. Each tank that is leaking shall be emptied of liquid or repaired in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. 4.6.7.3 Each tank that has been repaired, reconstructed, relocated, jacked, or damaged by impact, flood or other trauma shall be inspected and tested as required for new tanks in accordance with 4.4. Tanks that have been structurally damaged, have been repaired or reconstructed, or are suspected of leaking shall be tested in accordance with 4.4.� or in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. 4.6.7.4* Tanks and all tank appurtenances, including normal vents, and emergency vents, overfill prevention devices, and related devices, shall be properly maintained to ensure that they function as intended in accordance with written procedures. ------------------------------------------------------------------- A.4.6.7.4 stays is retained – no change. ------------------------------------------------------------------- 4.6.7.5 Openings for gauging on tanks storing Class I liquids shall be provided with a vaportight cap or cover. Such covers shall be closed when not gauging.” (3) Insert a new section ��.�6 to proposed new chapter �� of the HazMat Template rewrite as follows: “ ��.�6 Inspection and Maintenance ��.�6.� Inspection and maintenance for aboveground tanks shall meet the requirements of 4.6.7. [�003 numbering] ��.�6.� Each aboveground steel tank shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with API 653 or STI SP00�, whichever is applicable. Each tank constructed of other materials shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with manufacturers instructions and applicable standards. ��.�6.3 Pontoons in external floating roof tanks shall be inspected at intervals not exceeding 5 years by visual and atmospheric testing methods to ensure that the pontoon covers are mechanically secured to the floating roof deck and do not contain liquids or vapors resulting from leaks or corrosion holes in the pontoons. Rim vents, if any, shall also be inspected to ensure that they are not frozen open.” (4) Insert a new section �3.�6 to proposed new chapter �3 of the HazMat Template rewrite as follows: “ �3.�6 Inspection and Maintenance �3.�6.� Inspection and maintenance for underground tanks shall meet the requirements of 4.6.7. [�003 numbering] �3.�6.� Overfill protection devices or systems shall be inspected and annually tested to ensure proper operation.” Committee Statement: The proposed revisions to Subsections 4.4.3 and 4.6.7 and the proposed new sections to the new specific chapters in the HazMat template rewrite accomplish the submitter’s objectives. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3

30-�8

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: SHAPIRO, J.: I have no record in my meeting notes indicating that the second sentence of Section 4.6.7.3 was added by the committee “Tanks that have been structurally damaged, have been repaired or reconstructed, or are suspected of leaking shall be tested in accordance with 4.4.� or in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.” This text appears to come from Section 4.4.3 of the �003 code, but as it has been included in Proposal 30-49, it causes confusion by overlapping with provisions in the new first sentence. It also appears to contain an improper cross-reference to Section 4.4.�, which incorrectly precludes the need to comply with Section 4.4.�.

________________________________________________________________ 30-50 Log #50 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.6.1.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Wayne Geyer, Steel Tank Inst. Recommendation: Facilities with aboveground tanks storing Class I and II liquids, larger than �3�0 gallons, shall establish procedures to prevent overfilling of tanks. Further guidance is given in the following documentation: �. API �350, Overfill Prevention for Storage Tanks in Petroleum Facilities Renumber ��.6.�.� as ��.6.�.�.�(4.6.�.�.�) Substantiation: Studies indicate that overfills are a common cause of release from AST’s and hence can be a potential fire hazard. In November, �004, an ongoing Cause of Release study conducted by the FL DEP indicated that overfills were the source of over �5 percent of all shop fabricated AST system releases, with nearly 60 percent of the releases originating from the tank itself being via overfills. With large field-erected tank systems, 8 percent of the caused releases came from overfills. Currently, the NFPA 30 Code requires overfill prevention measures on Class I liquids loaded into tanks from pipelines and over waterways and special shop-fabricated tank scenarios. This proposal will expand the requirement to Class I and II liquids at all facilities with tank capacities over �3�0 gallons. The �3�0 gallon limitation correlates with EPA SPCC requirements and does not impose the mandate on smaller tank capacity applications, such as home heating oil, small farms, etc. The proposal requires the owner/operator to establish procedures that are necessary to prevent overfills. These procedures can include equipment that will prevent overfills or detail necessary filling procedures that prevent overfills. This proposal coincides with a recent revision to API �350. The 3rd Edition of API �350 has been expanded to provide recommended practices in prevention of overfills of aboveground tanks, greater than �3�0 gallons, storing Class I and II liquids associated with marketing, refining, pipeline, and similar facilities; but does not apply to loading or delivery from wheeled vehicles or tanks integral to a process. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Revise 4.6.� to read: “ 4.6.�* Prevention of Overfilling of Tanks. Facilities with aboveground tanks larger than �3�0 gal storing Class I and II liquids shall establish procedures to prevent overfilling of tanks. Add a new annex to 4.6.�: “A.4.6.� Further guidance is given in the following documentation: API �350, Overfill Prevention for Storage Tanks in Petroleum Facilities.” Committee Statement: The proposed text meets the objectives of the submitter. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: KALLUNGAL, J.: The substantiation recognizes that procedures can include “equipment that will prevent overfilling”. I believe this intent should be clarified in the annex material so that any ambiguity that may arise will be minimized. Alternately the text can be modified as follows: “...shall establish procedures and/or equipment to prevent overfilling...” KIRBY, G.: Editorial - Should be listed in metric units. ________________________________________________________________ 30-5� Log #54 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.6.1.1(2)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Wayne Geyer, Steel Tank Inst. Recommendation: Revise text as follows: “Tanks equipped with a high-level detection device that is either independent of any gauging equipment or incorporates a gauging/alarm system which provides electronic self checking to indicate when the gauging/alarm system has failed. Alarm shall be located...” Substantiation: API �350 does not require a separate switch between the high level alarm and the gauging system. Self checking type of gauges are preferred. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T.

________________________________________________________________ 30-5� Log #53 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.6.1.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Wayne Geyer, Steel Tank Inst. Recommendation: Revise text as follows: Instrumentation systems covered in 4.6.�.�(�) and 4.6.�.�(3) shall be electrically supervised or equivalent use electronic means to implement detection alarms and automatic controls. Such systems shall be supervised according to written procedures and API �350. Substantiation: The phrase electrically supervised is not defined. The original intention of section 4.6.� was to add overfill prevention measures to prevent overfills such as the one in Newark, NJ in �983. The original API �350 was published and correlated with this section. This revision clarifies the wording and refers to the API �350 standard for further guidance on appropriate supervision. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Revise 4.6.�.� to read: “4.6.�.� Instrumentation systems covered in 4.6.�.�(�) and 4.6.�.�(3) shall be electrically supervised or equivalent wired fail-safe, such that valid alarm conditions or system failures create an alarm condition that will notify personnel or automatically shut down or divert flow. 4.6.�.�.�. Written instrumentation performance procedures shall be established to define valid alarm conditions and system failures in accordance with API �350. 4.6.�.�.� Consideration shall be given to system failure from: (�) Loss of main electrical power at the facility (�) An electrical break, short circuit, or ground fault in the level detection system circuit or the alarm/signal device circuit (3) The failure or malfunction of the level detection system control equipment or signaling devices” Committee Statement: The Technical Committee’s proposed text is more comprehensive than that submitted. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-53 Log #�4 FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (4.6.5.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Bill Murphy, Santa Fe Springs Fire Deparmtne Recommendation: Add new text to read as follows: 4.6.5.3 Temporary Closure. Tanks remaining temporarily out of service for more than � year shall be permanently closed in place or removed in accordance 66.�.5.5.3 or 66.5.5.4 as applicable. An additional one year extension may be granted by the AHJ provided a site assessment is completed. Substantiation: The intent of the additional one year extension is to be consistent with �3 CCR section �670(b), which allows a tank to remain in temporary closure if a site assessment is completed. The agency with the authority to administrate �3 CCR would be responsible to review the site assessment. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The authority having jurisdiction already has the legal right to allow an extension. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-54 Log #� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (4.6.5.10) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: James Everitt, Western Regional Fire Code Development Committee Recommendation: Add a new section to read: �.6.5.�0 Entry, Cleaning or Repair of Tanks or Containers. Tanks or containers, operating at nominal atmospheric pressure, that contain or have contained flammable and combustible liquids or other hazardous materials and related vapors or residues, shall be safeguarded in accordance with NFPA 3�6, Standard for Tanks and Containers for Entry, Cleaning or Repair, prior to entry, cleaning, repair or lining with a protective coating. Substantiation: A recent fatality incident in Washington State revealed that there is currently no clear requirement within NFPA 30 for flammable liquid tank cleaning and repair operations to comply with NFPA 3�6, Standard for Tanks and Containers for Entry, Cleaning and Repair. Nor is there a clear requirement to obtain a permit prior to engaging in these operations. The significant and tragic incident occurred during a tank lining operation and appears to have involved tanks with interconnected vapor recovery systems that were not adequately isolated. The proposed changes authorize the AHJ to issue permits and require compliance with NFPA 3�6 in an attempt to minimize similar incidents in the future. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle See Subsections ��.6.4 and ��.6.5 of Rewrite - Proposal 30-��(Log #CP�7). Committee Statement: See Proposal 30-�� (Log #CP�7). Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T.

30-�9

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 ________________________________________________________________ 30-55 Log #CP�9 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.6.7.4) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Add an annex item to 4.6.7.4 to read: “A.4.6.7.4 Inspections are recommended for shop fabricated aboveground tanks. One guide is the Standard for Inspection of in-Service Shop Fabricated Aboveground Tanks for Storage of Combustible and Flammable Liquids, SPOO�-O5, which is published by the Steel Tank Institute. In addition, the tank owner may desire to conduct additional inspections to ensure the ongoing integrity of tanks and equipment. Substantiation: This provides a valuable technical resource for tank operators. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �� Negative: � Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Explanation of Negative: SMITH, JR., B.: The proposed annex material is already covered in ROP 30-49, A.4.6.7.�, and A.4.6.7.4 already exists in the �003 edition. ________________________________________________________________ 30-56 Log #48 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (4.6.7.5) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Wayne Geyer, Steel Tank Inst. Recommendation: Add a new 4.6.7.6 to read: Facilities with aboveground tanks shall establish a procedure for checking and removal of water from bottom of storage tanks. Appendix Material A��.6.7.6: The accumulation of water in tank bottoms encourage microbiological activity that hampers storage tank operations and increases the risk of product release. It is imperative that tank owners and operators routinely monitor their tank bottom for water and establish a procedure for when and how such water is removed. Additional information can be found in API �50�, �6��, and �6�0, ASTM D-6469, NORA’s Oilheat Technician’s Manual, and STI Publication “Keeping Water Out of Your Storage System.” Substantiation: Justification is provided within proposed Appendix material. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �� Negative: � Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Explanation of Negative: KIRBY, G.: Overly broad requirement. Should not be applied to alcohol’s or other liquids which are routinely stored in a water solution. ________________________________________________________________ 30-57 Log #CP�3 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 5) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Add the following new definitions to Chapter 5, as follows: “ 5.X Definitions. The following definitions are for the purposes of and relevant to only Chapter 5. 5.X.� Corrosion Protection. A means to lessen or prevent the deterioration of the piping system from exposure to its contents or its environment. 5.X.� Flexible Connector. A connection joint in the piping system that allows differential movement of the piping system and is intended to limit system stress or physical damage. 5.X.3 Leak. An unintended release of liquid or vapor due to failure of the piping system. 5.X.4 Secondary Containment. Containment that is external to and separate from the primary piping system.” Substantiation: The proposed definitions are necessary for the proper application of Chapter 5. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: KALLUNGAL, J.: Proposal 30-57 and 30-59 both refer to 5.X on special terms. I would suggest that consistent wording should be used for clarifying what is meant by “special terms”. I would prefer the use of text from Proposal 30-59 for the application of “special terms”. ________________________________________________________________ 30-58 Log #CP�9 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (Chapter 5) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Replace the current Chapter 5 with the following Chapter �7. Chapter 27 {5} Piping Systems27.1 {5.1} Scope27.1.1 {5.1.1} This chapter shall apply to the design, installation, testing, operation, and maintenance of:

(1) piping systems for flammable and combustible liquids or vapors, consisting of pipe, tubing, flanges, bolting, gaskets, valves, fittings, flexible connectors, the pressure-containing parts of other components including but not limited to such as expansion joints and strainers, and devices that serve such purposes as mixing, separating, snubbing, distributing, metering, controlling flow, or secondary containment. of liquids and associated vapors.27.1.2 (5.1.2) This chapter shall not apply to any of the following:(1) Tubing or casing on any oil or gas wells and any piping connected directly thereto(2) Motor vehicles, aircraft, boats, or piping that are integral to a stationary engine assembly(3) Piping within the scope of any applicable boiler and pressure vessel code27.2 Special Terms (Reserved)27.3 {5.2} General Requirements27.3.1 {5.2.1} Performance Standards. The design, fabrication, assembly, test, and inspection of piping systems shall be suitable for the expected working pressures and structural stresses. Compliance with applicable sections of ASME B3�, Code for Pressure Piping, and the provisions of this chapter shall be considered prima facie evidence of compliance with the foregoing provisions.27.3.2 {5.2.2} Tightness of Piping. Piping systems shall be maintained liquidtight. A piping system that has leaks that constitute a hazard shall be emptied of liquid or repaired in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.27.3 Removal from Service of Piping Systems. Piping systems taken out of service or abandoned shall be temporarily or permanently closed in accordance with �7.3.� or �7.3.�. 27.3.1 Temporary Closure [Reserved]27.3.2 Permanent Pipe Closure in Place. [Reserved]27.4 {5.3} Materials for Piping Systems27.4.1 {5.3.1} Material Specifications. Pipe, valves, faucets, couplings, flexible connectors, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts shall meet the material specifications and pressure and temperature limitations of ASME B3�, Code for Pressure Piping, except as provided for in �7.4.�, �7.4.3 and �7.4.4 5.3.�, 5.3.3, and 5.3.4.27.4.2 {5.3.2} Ductile Iron. Ductile (nodular) iron shall meet the specifications of ASTM A 395, Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures.27.4.3 {5.3.3} Materials of Construction of Valves. Valves at storage tanks, as required by ��.��.� 4.3.�.5.� and �4.8.5 4.3.4.7.3, and their connections to the tank shall be of steel or ductile iron, except as provided for in �7.4.3.�, �7.4.3.� or �7.4.4 5.3.3.�, 5.3.3.�, or 5.3.4.27.4.3.1 {5.3.3.1} Valves at storage tanks shall be permitted to be other than steel or ductile iron where the chemical characteristics of the liquid stored are not compatible with steel or where the valves are installed internally to the tank.27.4.3.2 {5.3.3.1} Valves installed externally to the tank shall be permitted to be other than steel or ductile iron if the material of construction has a ductility and melting point comparable to steel or ductile iron and is capable of withstanding the stresses and temperatures involved in fire exposure or the valves are otherwise protected from fire exposures, such as by materials having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours.27.4.3.3 {5.3.3.2} Cast iron, brass, copper, aluminum, malleable iron, and similar materials shall be permitted to be used on tanks described in ��.4.�.� 4.3.�.�.� or on tanks storing Class IIIB liquids where the tanks are located outdoors and not within a diked area or drainage path of a tank storing a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid.27.4.4 {5.3.4} Low Melting Point Materials. Low melting point materials such as aluminum, copper, and brass; materials that soften on fire exposure such as plastics; or nonductile material such as cast iron shall be permitted to be used underground within the pressure and temperature limitations of ASME B3�, Code for Pressure Piping.27.4.4.1 {5.3.4.1} Such materials shall be permitted to be used outdoors above ground or inside buildings provided they meet one of the following conditions: (1) They are resistant to damage by fire.(2) They are located so that any leakage resulting from failure will not unduly expose persons, important buildings, or structures.(3) They are located where leakage can readily be controlled by operation of one or more accessible remotely located valves.27.4.4.2 {5.3.4.2} The piping materials chosen shall be compatible with the liquids being handled. 27.4.4.3 {5.3.4.2} Piping systems of these materials shall be designed and built in accordance with recognized standards of design for the particular materials chosen or with approved acceptable equivalent standards or shall be listed.27.4.5 {5.3.5} Lining Materials. Piping, valves, and fittings shall be permitted to have combustible or noncombustible linings.27.4.6 {5.3.6} Nonmetallic Piping. 27.4.6.1 {5.3.6} Piping systems of nonmetallic materials, including piping systems incorporating secondary containment, shall be designed and built in accordance with recognized standards of design or approved equivalents and shall be installed in accordance with �7.4.4 5.3.4.27.4.6.2 {5.3.6} Nonmetallic piping shall be built and used within the scope of their approvals or within the scope of UL 97�, Standard for Nonmetallic

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Underground Piping for Flammable Liquids.27.4.6.3 {5.3.6} Nonmetallic piping systems and components shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.27.5 {5.4} Pipe Joints27.5.1 {5.4.1} Tightness of Pipe Joints.27.5.1.1 {5.4.1} Joints shall be made liquidtight and shall be welded, flanged, threaded, or mechanically attached.27.5.1.2 {5.4.1} Joints They shall be designed and installed so that the mechanical strength of the joint will not be impaired if exposed to a fire.A.27.5.1.2 It is expected that some joints may leak under fire conditions but will not come apart.27.5.1.3 {5.4.1} Threaded joints shall be made with a suitable thread sealant or lubricant.27.5.1.4 {5.4.1} Joints in piping systems handling Class I liquids shall be welded when located in concealed spaces within buildings.27.5.2 {5.4.2} Flexible Connectors. Listed flexible connectors shall be permitted to be used where installed in accordance with �7.5.3 5.4.3.27.5.3 {5.4.3} Friction Joints. 27.5.3.1 {5.4.3} Pipe joints dependent upon the friction characteristics or resiliency of combustible materials for mechanical continuity or liquidtightness of piping shall only be used outside of buildings above ground, except as provided for in �7.5.3.3, or below ground.27.5.3.2 {5.4.3} Where such joints are used above ground, either the piping shall be secured to prevent disengagement at the fitting, or the piping system shall be so designed that any spill resulting from disengagement could not unduly expose persons, important buildings, or structures and could be readily controlled by remote valves. 27.5.3.3 {5.4.3} Exception: Pipe joints that dependent on the friction characteristics of their components shall be permitted to be used inside buildings provided both of the following are met:(1) They are located where leakage can be readily controlled by operation of an accessible remotely located valve that is outside the fire risk area.(2) The mechanical strength and liquidtightness of the joint is not dependent on the resiliency of a combustible material or component. 27.5.4 Special Requirements for Marine Piping. (Reserved)27.4.6 {5.5} Installation of Piping Systems27.6.1 {5.5.1} General. Piping systems shall be substantially supported and protected against physical damage and including damage from excessive stresses arising from settlement, vibration, expansion, or contraction. The installation of nonmetallic piping shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.27.6.2* {5.5.2} Load-Bearing Supports. Load-bearing piping supports that are located in areas with a high fire exposure risk shall be protected by one or more of the following:(1) Drainage to a safe location to prevent liquid from accumulating under pipeways(2) Fire-resistive construction(3) Fire-resistant protective coatings or systems(4) Water spray systems designed and installed in accordance with NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection(5) Other alternate means acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction 27.6.3 {5.5.3} Pipe Penetrations. Piping that passes through or pierces a dike wall or the wall of a structure shall be designed to prevent damaging excessive stresses and leakage due to settlement or fire exposure.27.6.4* {5.5.4} Protection Against Corrosion. Aboveground piping systems that are subject to external corrosion shall be suitably protected. Underground piping systems shall be protected against corrosion in accordance with Section �3.9 4.�.6.27.6.5 {5.5.5} Installation of Underground Piping27.6.5.1 {5.5.5.1} Underground piping shall be installed on at least �50 mm (6 in.) of well-compacted bedding material.27.6.5.2 {5.5.5.2} In areas subject to vehicle traffic, the pipe trench shall be of a sufficient depth to permit a cover of at least 450 mm (�8 in.) of well-compacted backfill material and pavement.27.6.5.3 {5.5.5.2} In paved areas where a minimum 50 mm (� in.) of asphalt is used, backfill between the pipe and the asphalt shall be permitted to be reduced to �00 mm (8 in.) minimum.27.6.5.4 {5.5.5.2} In paved areas where a minimum �00 mm (4 in.) of reinforced concrete is used, backfill between the pipe and the asphalt shall be permitted to be reduced to �00 mm (4 in.) minimum.27.6.5.5 {5.5.5.3} In areas not subject to vehicle traffic, the pipe trench shall be of a sufficient depth to permit a cover of at least �50 mm (6 in.) of well-compacted backfill material.27.6.5.6 {5.5.5.3} A greater burial depth shall be provided when required by the manufacturer’s instructions or where frost conditions are present.27.6.5.7 {5.5.5.3} Piping within the same trench shall be separated horizontally by two pipe diameters. Separation need not exceed �30 mm (9 in.).{5.5.5.4} Piping shall not need to be separated horizontally by more than �30 mm (9 in.).27.6.5.8 {5.5.5.5} Two or more levels of pipes within the same trench shall be separated vertically by a minimum �50 mm (6 in.) of well-compacted bedding material.27.6.6 {5.5.6} Valves.27.6.6.1 {5.5.6} Piping systems shall contain a sufficient number of valves to

operate the system properly and to isolate protect the equipment in the event of an emergency.27.6.6.2 {5.5.6} Piping systems in connection with pumps shall contain a sufficient number of valves to properly control the flow of liquid both in normal operation and in the event of an emergency physical damage. 27.6.6.3 {5.5.6} Each connection to a piping system by which equipment such as tank cars, tank vehicles, or marine vessels discharges liquids into storage tanks shall be provided with a check valve for automatic protection against back-flow if the piping arrangement is such that back-flow from the system is possible. (See also 22.12.1 4.3.2.5.1.)27.6.7 {5.5.7} Common Loading and Unloading Piping. If loading and unloading is done through a common pipe system, a check valve shall not be required. However, an isolation valve shall be provided. This valve shall be located so that it is readily accessible or shall be remotely operable.27.7 {5.6} Testing27.7.1 {5.6.1} Initial Testing. Unless tested in accordance with the applicable sections of ASME B3�, Code for Pressure Piping, all piping shall be tested before being covered, enclosed, or placed in use.27.7.1.1 {5.6.1} Testing shall be done hydrostatically to �50 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system or pneumatically to ��0 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system, and the test pressure shall be maintained while for a sufficient time to conduct a complete visual inspection of all joints and connections is conducted.27.7.1.2 {5.6.1} In no case shall the test pressure be less than a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psig) measured at the highest point of the system, and in no case shall the test pressure be maintained for less than �0 minutes.27.7.2 {5.6.2} Initial Testing of Secondary Containment Piping. The interstitial (annular) space of secondary containment–type piping shall be tested hydrostatically or with air pressure at a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psig) or shall be tested in accordance with its listing or with the manufacturer’s instructions.27.7.2.1 {5.6.2} The pressure source shall be disconnected from the interstitial space to ensure that the test is being conducted on a closed system.27.7.1.2 {5.6.2} The pressure shall be maintained for a minimum of � hour.27.7.3 {5.6.3} Testing During Maintenance. Existing piping shall be tested in accordance with this subsection if there is indication that the piping is leaking.27.7.3.1 {5.6.3} Piping that could contain a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid or vapor shall not be tested using air.27.8 {5.7} Vent Piping. Vent piping shall be designed, constructed, and installed in accordance with this section Section 5.7.27.8.1 {5.7.1} Vent Piping for Aboveground Tanks.27.8.1.1 {5.7.1.1} Where the outlets of vent pipes for tanks storing Class I liquids are adjacent to buildings or public ways, they shall be located so that vapors are released at a safe point outside of buildings and not less than 3.6 m (�� ft) above the adjacent ground level. 27.8.1.2 {5.7.1.1} Vapors shall be discharged upward or horizontally away from adjacent walls. 27.8.1.3 {5.7.1.1} Vent outlets shall be located so that vapors will not be trapped by eaves or other obstructions and shall be at least �.5 m (5 ft ) from building openings.27.8.1.2 {5.7.1.2} Manifolding of vent piping shall be prohibited avoided except where required for special purposes such as vapor recovery, vapor conservation, or air pollution control.27.8.1.2.1 {5.7.1.2} Where vent piping is manifolded, pipe sizes shall be capable of discharging, within the pressure limitations of the system, the vapors they are required to handle when all manifolded tanks are subject to the same fire exposure.27.8.1.3 {5.7.1.3} Vent piping for tanks storing Class I liquids shall not be manifolded with vent piping for tanks storing Class II or Class III liquids unless positive means are provided to prevent the following: (1) Vapors of Class I liquids from entering tanks storing Class II or Class III liquids(2) Contamination (see A.1.2)(3) Possible change in classification of the less volatile liquid 27.8.1.4* {5.7.1.4} Extension of Emergency Vent Piping. Piping to or from approved emergency vent devices for atmospheric and low-pressure tanks shall be sized to provide emergency vent flows that limit the back pressure to less than the maximum pressure permitted by the design of the tank. Piping to or from approved emergency vent devices for pressure vessels shall be sized in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.27.8.2 {5.7.2} Vent Piping for Underground Tanks.27.8.2.1 {5.7.2.1} Vent pipes from underground tanks storing Class I liquids shall be located so that the discharge point is outside of buildings, higher than the fill pipe opening, and not less than 3.6 m (�� ft ) above the adjacent ground level. 27.8.2.2 {5.7.2.1} Vent pipe outlets shall be located and directed so that vapors will not accumulate or travel to an unsafe location, enter building openings, or be trapped under eaves, and shall be at least �.5 m (5 ft) from building openings and at least 4.5 m (�5 ft) from powered ventilation air intake devices.27.8.2.3 {5.7.2.2} Vent pipes shall not be obstructed by devices provided for vapor recovery or other purposes unless the tank and associated piping and equipment are otherwise protected to limit back-pressure development to less than the maximum working pressure of the tank and equipment by

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 the provision of pressure-vacuum vents, rupture discs, or other tank-venting devices installed in the tank vent lines. 27.8.2.4 {5.7.2.2} Vent outlets and devices shall be protected to minimize the possibility of blockage from weather, dirt, or insect nests.27.8.2.5 {5.7.2.3} Vent piping shall be sized in accordance with Table 8.3.5.4 4.�.5.3.27.8.2.6 {5.7.2.4} Vent pipes from tanks storing Class II or Class IIIA liquids shall terminate outside of the building and higher than the fill pipe opening.27.8.2.7 {5.7.2.4} Vent outlets shall be above normal snow level.27.8.2.8 {5.7.2.2} Vent pipes They shall be permitted to be fitted with return bends, coarse screens, or other devices to minimize ingress of foreign material.27.8.2.9 {5.7.2.5} Vent pipes and vapor return piping shall be installed without sags or traps in which liquid can collect.27.8.2.10 {5.7.2.5} Condensate tanks, if utilized, shall be installed and maintained so that blocking of the vapor return piping by liquid is prevented.27.8.2.11 {5.7.2.5} Vent pipes and condensate tanks shall be located so that they will not be subjected to physical damage. The tank end of the vent pipe shall enter the tank through the top.27.8.2.12 {5.7.2.6} Where tank vent piping is manifolded, pipe sizes shall be such as to discharge, within the pressure limitations of the system, the vapors they can be required to handle when manifolded tanks are filled simultaneously.27.8.2.12.1 {5.7.2.6} Float-type check valves installed in tank openings connected to manifolded vent piping to prevent product contamination shall be permitted to be used provided that the tank pressure will not exceed that permitted by �3.3.4 4.3.3.�.3 when the valves close.27.8.2.13 {5.7.2.7} Vent piping for tanks storing Class I liquids shall not be manifolded with vent piping for tanks storing Class II or Class III liquids unless positive means are provided to prevent the following: (1) Vapors of Class I liquids from entering tanks storing Class II or Class III liquids(2) Contamination (see A.1.2)(3) Possible change in classification of the less volatile liquid 27.9 {5.8} Static Electricity. Piping systems shall be bonded and grounded in accordance with 6.6.4 4.5.3.4.27.10* {5.9} Identification. Each loading and unloading riser shall be marked to identify the product for which it is to be used.Substantiation: The proposed rewrite of Chapter 5 incorporates a new HazMat template that standardizes the format and structure of all NFPA documents dealing with storage and handling of hazardous materials. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-59 Log #CP30 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (5.X (new)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Add a new section 5.X (number to be determined as part of HazMat rewrite) to read: “ 5.X Special Terms. For the purpose of this chapter only, the following terms shall be defined and interpreted as shown. 5.X.� Liquid and Vapor Tight. The ability of an underground tank system to meet the appropriate tightness test criteria of Subsection 4.4.�. “ Substantiation: The terms “liquid tight” and “vapor tight” are defined in Chapter 3, but the context of the terms’ use in this chapter is different and must be defined differently. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Comment on Affirmative: KALLUNGAL, J.: See My Comment on 30-57 (Log #CP�3). ________________________________________________________________ 30-60 Log #8 FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (5.3.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Philip Myers, Chevron Products, Co. Recommendation: Replace the paragraph so it reads as follows: 5.3.3* Materials of Construction of Valves. Valves at storage tanks, as required by 4.3.�.5.� and 4.3.4.7.3, and their connections to the tank shall be of steel or ductile iron except as provided for in 5.3.3.�, 5.3.3.�, or 5.3.4. The valves shall be constructed with all metal components and trim or if they are quarter turn ball, plug or butterfly valves with soft material trim they shall be fire tested by the valve manufacturers to be fire service rated in accordance with API 607 and API 6FA. When butterfly valves are used the bolting lugs shall encapsulate the bolts so that there is no potential fire exposure of the bolting. A.5.3.3 Only inherently fire safe valves should be used for tank shut off. Such valves limit the amount of hydrocarbon leakage if the valve is susceptible to fire exposure due to close and limited tolerances. Other valves which have soft materials for the valve trim may be used provided the manufacturer has tested these valves in accordance with API 607 Fire Test for Soft Seated

Quarter Turn Valves and API 6FA Specification for Fire Test for Valves. Ductile iron while able to handle higher stresses than cast iron is not suitable for critical valves in hydrocarbon service. As with cast iron it is subject to sudden fracture when at high temperature from fire exposure and suddenly quenched by fire water streams. Both cast iron and ductile iron. Also, delete the phrase “ductile iron” where it appears in 5.3.3.�. Substantiation: Ductile iron is inadequate for maintaining integrity of critical valves when exposed to stresses and temperatures involved with fire exposure. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The submitter has not provided specific data to justify this change. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-6� Log #CP�5 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (5.3.3.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Add a new annex item to 5.3.3.� to read: “ For further information, see ASTM E ��9, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials, and UL �709, Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel. “ Substantiation: Correlation with 4.3.�.3. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-6� Log #CP�4 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (5.10 (new); 27.3.3 in HazMat Rewrite) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Add a new Section 5.�0 to read: “ 5.�0 Removal from Service of Piping Systems. Piping systems taken out of service or abandoned shall be temporarily or permanently closed in place in accordance with the requirements of this section. 5.�0.� Temporary Closure. Piping systems shall be rendered temporarily out of service only when it is planned that they will be returned to active service, closed in place permanently, or removed within an approved period. The following requirements shall be met: (�) Flammable and combustible liquids shall be removed from the piping and properly disposed of. (�) The piping shall be made safe by purging, displacing, or inerting flammable vapors. (3) Corrosion protection and release detection systems shall be maintained in operation. (4) The piping shall be secured against tampering. (5) The piping shall be capped or plugged. 5.�0.� Permanent Closure in Place. Where approved, piping shall be permitted to be permanently closed in place. All of the following requirements shall be met: (�) Flammable and combustible liquids shall be removed from the piping and properly disposed of. (�) The piping shall be made safe by purging, displacing, or inerting flammable vapors. (3) Aboveground vents and other exposed piping shall be removed. (4) The piping shall be completely filled by pressure filling with an inert material and capped. (5) Underground piping excavation shall be backfilled. (6) Above grade piping shall be labeled “Out of Service”. Substantiation: This new section provides requirements for closure of piping systems that parallels existing requirements for closure of tanks. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �� Negative: � Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. Explanation of Negative: SHEPARD, C.: During the committee meeting, we specifically left the sections under �7.3.3 as Reserved because we needed to explore the requirements used at large sites so wording could be suggested. SMITH, JR., B.: This committee proposal should be deleted. The Committee could not come to agreement on the wording for �7.3.3 and all sections were to be left as “reserved” for this issue of the code. ________________________________________________________________ 30-63 Log #CP�6 FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept (5.11, 27.5.4 in HazMat Rewrite (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Tank Storage and Piping Systems Recommendation: Add a new Section 5.�� to read: “ 5.�� Special Requirements for Marine Piping. Where piping is from a floating structure or pier an approved flexible connector shall be permitted between the fixed shore piping and the piping on the floating structure or pier and between separate sections of the floating structure to accommodate changes in water level. The interior of these connectors shall be compatible

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 with the liquid handled. The exterior of these connectors shall be resistant to or shielded from salt and fresh water, ultraviolet degradation, physical damage and damage by fire. These connectors shall be suitable for the intended pressures and be tested in accordance with Section 5.6 {�7.7}. “ Substantiation: These new requirements parallel similar requirements for marine refueling in NFPA 30A, Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages, and are considered necessary for proper design in a marine environment. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-64 Log #CP58 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (Chapter 6 of NFPA 30-2003 & Chapter 9 (new)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace the general requirements of Chapter 6 with the following new Chapter 9: CHAPTER 9 –STORAGE OF LIQUIDS IN CONTAINERS – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS9.1 SCOPE9.1.1 [6.1.1] This chapter shall apply to the storage of flammable and com-bustible liquids, hereinafter referred to as “liquids”, in:(a) drums or other containers that do not exceed 450 L (��9 gal) individual capacity(b) portable tanks that do not exceed �500 L (660 gal) individual capacity(c) intermediate bulk containers that do not exceed 3000 L (793 gal).9.1.2 [6.1.1] This chapter shall also apply to limited transfer of liquids inci-dental thereto.9.1.3 [6.1.1] This chapter shall also apply to overpack drums when used for temporary containment of containers that do not exceed �30 L (60 gal) capac-ity. Such overpack containers shall be treated as containers as defined in 3.3.7.9.1.4 [6.1.2] This chapter shall not apply to the following: (1) containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that are used in operations, as covered by Chapter 7 [old ref](2) liquids in the fuel tanks of motor vehicles, aircraft, boats, or portable or stationary engines(3) beverages where packaged in individual containers that do not exceed 5 L (�.3 gal) capacity(4) medicines, foodstuffs, cosmetics, and other consumer products that contain not more than 50 percent by volume of water-miscible flammable or combus-tible liquids, with the remainder of the product solution consisting of compo-nents that do not burn and not being flammable where packaged in individual containers that do not exceed 5 L (�.3 gal) capacity(5) liquids that have no fire point when tested in accordance with ASTM D 9�, Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup, up to the boiling point of the liquid or up to a temperature at which the liquid sample being tested shows an obvious physical change(6) liquids with a flash point greater than 35°C (95°F) in a water-miscible solution or in dispersion with a water and inert (noncombustible) solids con-tent of more than 80 percent by weight, and which do not sustain combustion when tested in accordance with using the “Method of Testing for Sustained Combustibility,” per 49 CFR �73, Appendix H, or the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods(7) distilled spirits and wines in wooden barrels or casks 9.2 GENERAL9.2.1 [new] The general requirements of this chapter shall be applicable to the storage of liquids in liquid storage areas as covered in Chapter �0 through �4, regardless of the quantities being stored.Exception: Where more stringent requirements are set forth in Chapters �0 through �4, these shall take precedence.9.2.2 [6.1.3.1] For the purpose of this Chapters 9 through �5, unstable liquids shall be treated as Class IA liquids.9.2.3 [6.5.6.8] Means of egress from mercantile occupancies shall meet appli-cable requirements of NFPA �0�, Life Safety Code, and this Code.9.2.3.1 [6.4.3.1] The Storage of any liquids shall not physically obstruct a means of egress. 9.2.4 [6.1.3.2] For the purposes of this chapter and Chapters �� and �6, pro-tected storage installed after January �, �997, shall mean storage installed after January �, �997 that is protected in accordance with Chapter �6. All other stor-age shall be considered to be unprotected storage unless an alternate means of protection has been approved by the authority having jurisdiction. (See 6.8.2.4 and 6.8.3.)Exception: As provided for in Chapter �3 .9.2.5 [6.4.3.2] Wood of at least �5 mm (� in.) nominal thickness shall be per-mitted to be used for shelving, racks, dunnage, scuffboards, floor overlay, and similar installations.6.4.3.3 Where storage on racks exists as permitted in this code, a minimum �.� m (4 ft) wide aisle shall be provided between adjacent rack sections and any adjacent storage of liquids. Main aisles shall be a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) wide.[6.4.3.4] Solid pile and palletized storage in liquid warehouses shall be arranged so that piles are separated from each other by at least �.� m (4 ft).

Aisles shall be provided and arranged so that no container or portable tank is more than 6 m (�0 ft) from an aisle. Main aisles shall be a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) wide.Exception: For Class IIIB liquids in containers, the distance between piles shall be permitted to be reduced from �.� m (4 ft) to 0.6 m (� ft) in proportion to commensurate reductions in maximum quantity per pile and maximum storage height, as given in the table in 6.4.4.�.9.2.6 [6.4.3.5] Class I liquids shall not be permitted to be stored in basement areas. Class II and Class IIIA liquids shall be permitted to be stored in base-ments provided the basement is protected that automatic sprinkler protection and other fire protection facilities are provided in accordance with Section 6.8. Class IIIB liquids shall be permitted to be stored in basements. 9.2.7 [6.4.3.6] Limited quantities of combustible commodities, as defined in the scope of NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems NFPA �30, Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage, shall be permitted to be stored in liquid storage areas if the ordinary combustibles, other than those used for packaging the liquids, are separated from the liquids in storage by a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) horizontally, either by aisles or by open racks, and if protection is provided in accordance with Section 6.8.[6.4.3.7] Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside an unprotected liquid storage area shall be limited to a maximum pile size of �30 m� (�500 ft�) and to a maximum storage height of �.8 m (6 ft). Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside a protected liquid storage area shall comply with NFPA �30, Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage. Pallet storage shall be separated from liquid storage by aisles that are at least �.4 m (8 ft ) wide.9.2.8 [6.4.3.8] Where containers, intermediate bulk containers, or portable tanks are stacked, they in piles shall be stacked so that in such a manner as to provide stability is maintained and to prevent excessive stress on container walls is prevented.9.2.8.1 [6.4.3.8] Portable tanks and intermediate bulk containers stored over one tier high shall be designed to nest securely, without the use of dunnage.9.2.8.2 [6.4.3.8] Materials handling equipment shall be capable of suitable to handling containers, portable tanks, and intermediate bulk containers and tanks safely at all the upper tier levels.9.2.8.3* [6.10.2] Power-operated industrial trucks used to move Class I liquids shall be selected, operated, and maintained in accordance with NFPA 505, Fire Safety Standard for Powered Industrial Trucks Including Type Designations, Areas of Use, Conversions, Maintenance and Operations.9.2.9 [6.4.3.9] Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks in unprotected liquid storage areas shall not be stored closer than 9�4 mm (36 in.) to the nearest beam, chord, girder, or other roof member. [6.5.�.�] Storage of liquids shall not physically obstruct a means of egress.9.2.10 [6.5.1.3] 9.2.10 [6.5.1.3] Liquids used for building maintenance, painting, or other simi-lar infrequent maintenance purposes shall be permitted to be stored temporarily in closed containers outside of storage cabinets or inside liquid storage areas, if limited to an amount that does not exceed a �0-day supply at anticipated rates of use.9.�.9 [6.5.�.4] Class I liquids shall not be stored in basements.9.3 ACCEPTABLE CONTAINERS9.3.1 [6.2.1] Only the following approved containers, intermediate bulk con-tainers, and portable tanks shall be used: (1) metal containers, metal intermediate bulk containers, and metal portable tanks meeting the requirements of and containing products authorized by the U. S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations, Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations or by Part 6 of the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods shall be acceptable.(2) plastic containers meeting the requirements of and used for petroleum products within the scope of one or more of the following specifications shall be acceptable:(a) ASTM F 85�, Standard for Portable Gasoline Containers for Consumer Use(b) ASTM F 976, Standard for Portable Kerosene Containers for Consumer Use(c) ANSI/UL �3�3, Nonmetallic Safety Cans for Petroleum Products(3) plastic containers meeting the requirements of and containing products authorized by the U. S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations, Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations or by Part 6 of the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods shall be acceptable.(4) fiber drums that meet the following shall be acceptable: (a) requirements of Item �96 of the National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) or Rule 5� of the Uniform Freight Classification (UFC) for Types �A, 3A, 3B-H, 3B-L, or 4A(b) requirements of, and containing liquid products authorized by, either the U. S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations, Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter I, CFR or by U.S. Department of Transportation exemption(5)* rigid nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers that meet the require-ments of and containing products authorized by the U. S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations, Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations CFR, or by Part 6 of the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods for Classes 3�H�, 3�H�, and 3�HZ� shall be acceptable.(a) For protected storage, rigid nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers shall be subjected to a standard fire test that demonstrates acceptable inside storage fire performance and shall be listed and labeled.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 (6) Safety cans, as defined in 3.3.38, that meet the requirements of UL 30 and FM Global Approval Standard – Classes 605� and 605�.(6) Glass containers up to the capacity limits stated in the Table 6.�.3 and in accordance with U. S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations, Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations9.3.1.1 [6.2.3.1] Medicines, beverages, foodstuffs, cosmetics, and other com-mon consumer products, where packaged according to commonly accepted practices for retail sales, shall be exempt from the requirements of 6.�.� and 6.�.3.9.3.2 [6.2.2] Each portable tank or intermediate bulk container shall be pro-vided with one or more devices installed in the top with sufficient emergency venting capacity to limit internal pressure under fire exposure conditions to a gauge pressure of 70 kPa (�0 psig) or 30 percent of the bursting pressure of the portable tank, whichever is greater.9.3.2.1 [6.2.2] The total venting capacity shall be not less than that specified in 4.�.5.�.3 or 4.�.5.�.5. 9.3.2.2 [6.2.2] At least one pressure-actuated vent having a minimum capacity of �70 m3 (6000 ft3) of free air per hour at � bar (�4.7 psia) and �5.6°C (60°F) shall be used. It shall be set to open at not less than a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psig).9.3.2.1 [6.2.2] If fusible vents are used, they shall be actuated by elements that operate at a temperature not exceeding �50°C (300°F). Where plugging of a pressure-actuated vent can occur, such as when used for paints, drying oils, and similar materials, fusible plugs or venting devices that soften to failure at a maximum of �50°C (300°F) under fire exposure shall be permitted to be used for the entire emergency venting requirement.9.3.3 [6.2.3] The maximum allowable size of a container, intermediate bulk container, or metal portable tank shall not exceed that specified in Table 9.3.3.

Exception: As provided for in Section 6.�, 6.�.3.�, 6.�.3.�, and 6.�.3.3.

Table 9.3.3 [6.�.3] Maximum Allowable Size — Containers, Intermediate Bulk Containers, and Portable TanksContainer Type Flammable Liquids Combustible Liquids

Class IA Class IB Class IC Class II Class III

Glass 0.5 L (�.05 pt) � L (�.05 qt) 5 L (�.3 gal) 5 L (�.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal)

Metal (other than drums) or approved plastic

5 L (�.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal)

Safety cans �0 L (�.6 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal)

Metal drum (e.g., UN �A� or �A�)

450 L (��9 gal) 450 L (��9 gal) 450 L (��9 gal) 450 L (��9 gal) 450 L (��9 gal)

Approved metal portable tanks and IBCs

3000 L (793 gal) 3000 L (793 gal) 3000 L (793 gal) 3000 L (793 gal) 3000 L (793 gal)

Rigid plastic IBCs (UN 3�H� or 3�H�) and composite IBCs with rigid inner receptacle (UN3�HZ�)

NP NP NP 3000 L (793 gal) 3000 L (793 gal)

Composite IBCs with flexible inner receptacle (UN3�HZ�) and flexible IBCs (UN�3H, UN�3L, and UN�3M)

NP NP NP NP NP

Bag-in-Box Nonbulk

NP NP NP NP NP

Polyethylene UN �H�, or as authorized by DOT exemption

5 L (�.3 gal) �0 L (5.3 gal)† �0 L (5.3 gal)† 450 L (��9 gal) 450 L (��9 gal)

Fiber drum NMFC or UFC Type �A; Types 3A, 3B-H, or 3B-L; or Type 4A

NP NP NP 450 L (��9 gal) 450 L (��9 gal)

Note: NP — Not permitted. † See 9.3.3.�.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30

9.3.3.1 [Table 6.2.3] For Class IB and IC water-miscible liquids shall be per-mitted to be stored in the maximum allowable size of plastic containers up to is �30 L (60 gal) in size, if stored and protected in accordance with Table 6.8.�(g)9.3.3.2 [6.2.3.2] Class IA and Class IB liquids shall be permitted to be stored in glass containers of not more than 5 L (�.3 gal) capacity if the required liquid purity (such as American Chemical Society analytical reagent grade or higher) would be affected by storage in metal containers or if the liquid can cause excessive corrosion of a the metal container.9.3.3.3 [6.2.3.3] Leaking or damaged containers up to �30 L (60 gal) capacity shall be permitted to be stored temporarily in accordance with this chapter and Chapters �0 through ��, provided they are enclosed in overpack containers. To be considered protected storage as defined in 9.�.� and in accordance with Chapter �5 Section 6.8, the overpack container shall be constructed of the same material as the leaking or damaged container. Metal overpack containers shall be considered nonrelieving containers.9.4 [6.3] Design, Construction, and Capacity of Storage Cabinets9.4.1 [6.3.1] The volume of Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids stored in an individual storage cabinet shall not exceed 460 L (��0 gal).9.4.2 [6.3.2] The total aggregate volume of Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids in a group of storage cabinets stored in a single fire area shall not exceed �380 L (360 gal) unless: (a) groups of cabinets can be separated by 30 m (�00 ft) and(b) each group does not exceed �380 L (360 gallons)6.3.�.� In an industrial occupancy that is protected by an automatic sprinkler system that is designed and installed in accordance with NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, the total aggregate volume of Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids in storage cabinets stored in the same fire area shall be permitted to be increased to �5�4 L (7�0 gal).The number of storage cabinets located in any one fire area shall not exceed three.Exception No. �: In an industrial occupancy, additional storage cabinets, in groups of not more than three cabinets, shall be permitted to be located in the same fire area, if a minimum separation of 30 m (�00 ft) is maintained between each group.Exception No. �: In an industrial occupancy that is protected by an automatic sprinkler system that is designed and installed in accordance with NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, the number of cabinets in any one group shall be permitted to be increased to six.9.4.3 [6.3.3] Storage cabinets that meet at least one of the following sets of requirements shall be acceptable for storage of liquids:(1) Storage cabinets that are designed and constructed to limit the internal tem-perature at the center of the cabinet and �5 mm (� in.) from the top of the cabi-net to not more than �63°C (3�5°F), when subjected to a �0-minute fire test that simulates the fire exposure of the standard time–temperature curve speci-fied in NFPA �5�, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction and Materials, shall be acceptable. All joints and seams shall remain tight and the door shall remain securely closed during the test.(2) Metal storage cabinets that are constructed in the following manner shall be acceptable: (a) The bottom, top, door, and sides of the cabinet shall be at least No. �8 gauge sheet steel and shall be double-walled, with 38 mm (�½ in.) air space.(b) Joints shall be riveted, welded, or made tight by some equally effective means.(c) The door shall be provided with a three-point latch arrangement, and the door sill shall be raised at least 50 mm (� in.) above the bottom of the cabinet to retain spilled liquid within the cabinet.(3) Wooden cabinets constructed in the following manner shall be acceptable: (a) The bottom, sides, and top shall be constructed of exterior grade plywood that is at least �5 mm (� in.) thick and of a type that will not break down or delaminate under fire conditions.(b) All joints shall be rabbetted and shall be fastened in two directions with wood screws. Where more than one door is used, there shall be a rabbetted overlap of not less than �5 mm (� in.).(c) Doors shall be equipped with a means of latching and hinges shall be con-structed and mounted in such a manner as to not lose their holding capacity when subjected to fire exposure.(d) A raised sill or pan capable of containing a 50 mm (� in.) depth of liquid shall be provided at the bottom of the cabinet to retain spilled liquid within the cabinet.(4) Listed storage cabinets that have been constructed and tested in accordance with 6.3.3(�) shall be acceptable.9.4.4* [6.3.4] The storage cabinets shall not be required by this code to be vented or ventilated for fire protection purposes. and Vent openings shall be sealed with the bungs supplied with the cabinet or with bungs specified by the cabinet manufacturer. However, if the storage cabinet is vented or ventilated for any reason, the cabinet shall be vented directly to outdoors in such a man-ner that will not compromise the specified performance of the cabinet and in a manner that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.9.4.5 [6.3.5] Storage cabinets shall be marked in � in. min. high lettering:

FLAMMABLE — KEEP FIRE AWAY.9.5 [new] Maximum Allowable Quantities9.5.1 The quantities liquids allowed in each individual control area shall not

exceed the maximum allowable quantities specified in Table 9.5.�. [5000: 34.1.3.1] Exception: As modified by 9.5.� and Chapters �0 through �4.

Table 9.5.1 [34.1.3.1,but only the rows dealing with flammable and combustible liquids

9.5.2 Special Occupancy Limits. The maximum quantities of liquids allowed in each individual control area as specified in Table 9.5.� shall be subject to the modifications set forth in Tables 34.�.3.�(a) to (h) of NFPA 50009.5.3 [5000: 34.1.3.3.3] Liquids in Industrial Occupancies. The maximum allowable quantities of flammable and combustible liquids in storage and closed use combined in industrial occupancies shall be as follows:(1) �5 gal (95 L) of Class IA liquids in containers (2) ��0 gal (454 L) of Class IB, Class IC, Class II, or Class III liquids in con-tainers(3) �586 gal (6000 L) of any combination of the following:(a) Class IB, Class IC, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids in metal portable tanks or metal intermediate bulk containers, each not exceeding 793 gal (3000 L)(b) Class II or Class IIIA liquids in nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers, each not exceeding 793 gal (3000 L)(4) �0 portable tanks or intermediate bulk containers each not exceeding 793 gal (3000 L) of Class IIIB liquids9.6 [new] CONTROL AREAS9.6.1 Control Areas. For the purpose of this code, a control area shall be a space within a building where quantities of liquids that do not exceed the maxi-mum quantities allowed by Table 9.5.� are stored. [5000: 34.�.4] 9.6.1.1 Construction Requirements. Control areas shall be separated from each other by fire barriers in accordance with 9.6.�.� [Table 34.�.4.�]. [5000: 34.�.4.�]

9.6.1.2 Control areas located below grade that are considered as basements shall not be utilized for the storage of Class I liquids.9.7 [new] CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCIES EXCEEDING THE MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITIES PER CONTROL AREA FOR LIQUID STORAGE9.7.1 Occupancy Classifications. Buildings and portions of buildings where liquids are stored shall be classified as the Protection Level occupancies estab-lished in this section when the maximum allowable quantities per control area are exceeded.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.9.7.1 The Protection Levels classifications are taken from NFPA 5000 – �006, Building Construction and Safety Code. Protection Levels �,4, and 5 do not apply to the storage of flammable and combustible liquids and are there-fore not extracted here.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------9.7.1.1 Protection Level 2. Buildings and portions thereof storing quanti-ties of liquids that are considered as High-Hazard Level � liquids and exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area shall be classified as a Protection Level � occupancy.9.7.1.2 Protection Level 3. Buildings and portions thereof storing quanti-ties of liquids that are considered as High-Hazard Level 3 liquids and exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area shall be classified as a Protection Level 3 occupancy.9.7.2 Specific Occupancy Classification Requirements.9.7.2.1 Liquids stored in Protection Level � occupancies shall meet the appli-cable requirements for storage in a Liquid Storage Room or Liquid Warehouse as defined in this Code.9.7.2.2 Liquids stored in Protection Level 3 occupancies shall meet the appli-cable requirements for storage in a Liquid Storage Room or Liquid Warehouse as defined in this Code.9.8 Construction Features9.8.1 [6.4.2.1] All Storage areas shall be constructed to meet the specified fire resistance ratings specified in Table 9.8.�. Such Construction assemblies shall

Table 9.6.1.1 [5000: 34.2.4.1] Design and Number of Control AreasFloor Level Maximum Allowable

Quantity per Control Area (%)1

Number of Control Areas

per Floor

Fire Resistance Rating for Fire Barriers2 (hr)

Above Grade>9 5 � �

7 – 9 5 � �4 – 6 ��.5 � �

3 50 � �� 75 3 �� �00 4 �

Below Grade� 75 3 �� 50 � �

Lower than � NA NA NANA = Not applicable.

�Percentages represent the maximum allowable quantities per control area shown in Table 34.�.3.�, with all of the increases permitted in the footnotes of that table.�Fire barriers are required to include floors and walls, as necessary, to provide a complete separation from other control areas.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 comply with the test specifications given in NFPA �5�, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction and Materials.

9.8.2 [6.4.2.2] Openings in interior walls to adjacent rooms or buildings and openings in exterior walls with fire resistance ratings shall be provided with normally closed, listed fire doors with fire protection ratings that corresponding to the fire resistance rating of the wall as specified in Table 9.8.�. Such doors shall be permitted to be arranged to stay open during material handling opera-tions if the doors are designed to close automatically in a fire emergency by provision of listed closure devices. Fire doors shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows.

Table 9.8.2 Protection Ratings for Fire DoorsFire Resistance Rating of Walla (hr)

Fire Protection Rating of Door (hr)

� ¾� �½4 3baAs required by Table 6.4.�.�.bOne fire door required on each side of interior openings for attached liquid warehouses.

9.8.3 [6.4.2.3] Exterior walls shall be constructed to provide ready access for fire-fighting operations by means of access openings, windows, or lightweight noncombustible wall panels.Exception: This shall not apply to liquid storage inside rooms totally enclosed within a building.A room of not more than 500 sq ft. Annex: may have no exterior walls or have one or more exterior walls.9.9 Fire Protection9.9.1 [new] Fire protection requirements for protected storage shall meet the requirements of Section 9.9.� and Chapter �65.9.9.2 Manual Fire Protection. [6.9]9.9.2.1 Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with NFPA �0 and this code in such quantities, sizes, and types as determined in accor-dance with 6.. and 6.3.�.� for the special hazards of operation and storage.9.9.2.2 [6.9.1] Portable fire extinguishers shall meet the following require-ments: (1) At least one portable fire extinguisher having a capability of not less than 40:B shall be located outside of, but not more than 3 m (�0 ft) from, the door opening into ainside liquid storage area.(2) At least one portable fire extinguisher having a capability of not less than 40:B shall be located within 9 m (30 ft) of any Class I or Class II liquids stor-age area that is located outside of an inside liquid storage area or liquid ware-house.Exception: An acceptable alternative is at least one portable fire extinguisher having a capacity of 80:B located within �5 m (50 ft) of such a storage area. 9.9.2.3 Where required by NFPA �3, hose connections supplied from sprinkler systems, shall be installed in accordance with that standard. NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 9.9.2.4 Where hose connections are supplied by a standpipe system and hose systems, they shall be installed in accordance with NFPA �4, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, shall be used 9.9.2.5 [6.9.2] Hoseline connections shall meet the following requirements:(1) In protected general-purpose warehouses and in protected liquid warehous-es storage areas, hoseline connections shall be provided as appropriate.(2) The water supply for hoseline connections shall be sufficient to meet the fixed fire protection demand plus a total of at least �900 L/min (500 gpm) for

inside and outside hoseline connections, unless otherwise specified in Table 6.8.�(a) through Table 6.8.�(k).(3) Water supplies for hose connections and hydrants shall be capable of sup-plying the demand for at least � hours.9.9.2.6 [6.9] Where pre-connected hoselines are provided, they shall be either 38 mm (�½ in.) lined fire hose or �5 mm (� in.) hard rubber hose, using combi-nation spray and straight stream nozzles.9.10 Electrical9.10.1 [6.4.2.6.1 & Chap 8] Electrical area classification shall not be required for liquid storage areas where all containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks are sealed and are not opened, except as provided for in 9.�0.�.9.10.2 [6.4.2.6] For liquid storage rooms that are totally enclosed within the building In inside rooms, electrical wiring and utilization equipment for Class I liquid storage shall be Class I, Division �, and electrical wiring and utilization equipment in inside rooms used for the storage of Class II and Class III liquids shall be suitable for general purpose.Exception: Class I, Division � requirements shall apply to Class II and III liq-uids when stored at temperatures above their flash points.9.11 Spill Control, Drainage, and Containment 9.11.1 General Requirements9.11.1.1 [7.3.5.3] Storage areas shall be designed and operated to prevent the discharge of liquids to public waterways, public sewers, or adjoining property, unless such discharge has been specifically approved.9.11.1.1.1 [7.3.5.2] Where discharge of an emergency drainage system dis-charges to private or public sewers or public waterways has been approved, the emergency drainage system shall be equipped with traps and separators.9.11.1.2 [6.4.2.5] Where individual containers exceed �0 gal., curbs, scuppers, special drains, or other suitable means shall be provided to prevent the flow of liquids under emergency conditions into adjacent building areas.9.11.1.3 [7.3.5.1] Emergency drainage systems Means shall be provided to, where provided, shall direct liquid leakage and fire protection water to an approved location. Containment or drainage to an approved location shall be provided.9.11.1.3.1 Where If a drainage system is used, it shall also have sufficient capacity to carry the expected discharge of water from fire protection systems.9.11.1.5 [6.4.2.5, Exc #2] Where only Class IIIB liquids are stored in a stor-age area, regardless of container size, spill control, containment, and drainage shall not be required the storage area need not meet this requirement.9.11.1.6 [6.4.2.5, Exc #3] Where only unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) containing not more than 50 percent by weight of Class IC, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid constituents are stored and are protected in accordance with Table 6.8.�(k), spill control, containment, and drainage shall not be required the stor-age area need not meet this requirement.9.11.1.7 [new] Where storage is protected in accordance with Chapter �5, spill control, containment, and drainage shall also meet the requirements of Section �6.X [6.8.5].9.11.3.2 [6.8.5.1] Where control of the spread of liquid spread is required, means to limit the spread of liquid to an area not greater than the design dis-charge area of the ceiling sprinkler system shall be provided.9.12 Ventilation9.12.1 [6.4.2.7] Liquid storage areas where dispensing is conducted shall be provided with ventilation that meets the requirements of Chapter �8. be provided with either a gravity or a continuous mechanical exhaust ventilation system. Mechanical ventilation shall be used if Class I liquids are dispensed within the room.[6.4.�.7.�] Exhaust air shall be taken from a point near a wall on one side of the room and within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor, with one or more make-up inlets located on the opposite side of the room within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor.[6.4.�.7.�] The location of both the exhaust and inlet air openings shall be arranged to provide, as far as practicable, air movements across all portions of the floor to prevent accumulation of flammable vapors. [6.4.�.7.�]Exhaust from the room shall be conducted directly to the exterior of the building and shall not be recirculated. without recirculation.Exception: Recirculation shall be permitted where the air is monitored continu-ously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor–air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected.[6.4.�.7.�.�] If ducts are used, they shall not be used for any other purpose and shall comply with NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids. If make-up air to a mechanical system is taken from within the building, the opening shall be equipped with a fire door or damper, as required in NFPA 9�. For gravity sys-tems, the make-up air shall be supplied from outside the building.[6.4.�.7.�] Mechanical ventilation systems shall provide at least 0.3 m3/min of exhaust air for each m� of floor area (� cfm/ft�), but not less than 4 m3/min (�50 cfm). The mechanical ventilation system for dispensing areas shall be equipped with an airflow switch or other equally reliable method that is inter-locked to sound an audible alarm upon failure of the ventilation system.9.13 Exhausted Enclosure – [RESERVED]9.14 Explosion Control9.14.1 [6.4.2.4] Where Class IA liquids or unstable liquids are dispensed or stored in containers larger than 4 L (� gal), rooms shall be designed to direct flame, combustion gases and pressures resulting from a deflagration away

Table 9.8.1 [6.4.2.1] Fire Resistance Ratings for Liquid Storage AreasType of Storage Area

Fire Resistance Rating (hr)

Interior Walls,a Ceilings, Intermediate Floors

Roofs Exterior Walls

Liquid storage rooms

Floor area �50 ft�� — —

Floor area >�50 ft� and 500 ft�� — —

Liquid warehousesb,c 4d —�e or 4fNote: For SI units, � ft� = 0.09 m�.aBetween liquid storage areas and any adjacent areas not dedicated to liquid stor-age.bFire resistance ratings for liquid warehouses storing only Class IIIB liquids, which are not heated above their flash point, shall be permitted to be reduced to � hours.cFire resistance ratings for liquid warehouses protected in accordance with 6.8.� shall be permitted to be reduced to � hours.dThis shall be a fire wall as defined in NFPA ���, Standard for Fire Walls and Fire Barrier Walls.eFor exposing walls that are located more than 3 m (�0 ft) but less than �5 m (50 ft) from an important building or line of adjoining property that can be built upon.fFor exposing walls that are located 3 m (�0 ft) or less from an important building or line of adjoining property that can be built upon.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 from important buildings or occupied areas through the use of damage-limiting construction. The damage-limiting construction design shall be in accordance with recognized engineering standards and shall be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.Exception: This shall not apply to a liquid storage room totally enclosed within a building.9.15 Separation from Incompatible Materials9.15.1 [new, from NFPA 430: 4.4.3.2] Liquids shall be separated from stor-age of oxidizers by a minimum distance of 8 m (�5 feet). Exception: As provided for in �0.�� 8.9.14.2 [new, but essentially from NFPA 30B: 6.3.5.8] Liquids shall be sepa-rated from Level � and Level 3 aerosols in accordance with NFPA 30B by a minimum distance of 8 m (�5 feet).Exception: As provided for in �0.��.9.15.3 [6.10.1] Materials that are water-reactive, as described in NFPA 704, Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response, shall not be stored in the same control area with other liquids.9.16 Dispensing, Handling and Use in Storage Areas (by reference to Chapter 18)9.16.1 [6.4.5.2] Dispensing, handling, and use of liquids operations shall meet coply with the applicable requirements of Chapter �8.9.16.2 [6.4.5.1] Dispensing of Class I liquids or Class II and Class III liquids at temperatures at or above their flash points shall not be permitted in storage areas that exceed 93 m� (�000 ft�) in floor area or in liquid warehouses unless the dispensing area is separated from the storage areas in accordance with Table 6.4.�.� and meets all other requirements of 6.4.�.9.17 [new] Outdoor Storage. Storage outside of buildings shall meet the requirements of Chapter �3 or Chapter �4, whichever is applicable. Substantiation: The proposed new Chapter 9 (and proposed new Chapters �0 through �6) incorporates the new HazMat template, which establishes a standard format for all NFPA Technical Committee documents dealing with storage, handling, and use of hazardous materials. More importantly, the proposed new chapter includes a number of technical changes that are intended to correlate NFPA 30’s requirements for container storage (including intermediate bulk containers and portable tanks) with the provisions of NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. This includes revising the NFPA 30 requirements to incorporate: maximum allowable quantities, definitions of high hazard contents, and protection levels. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: Haven’t had time to review the changes. ________________________________________________________________ 30-65 Log #39 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept in Principle (6.1.2(1)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 6.1.2 This chapter shall not apply to the following: (�) Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that are used in process areas, as covered by Chapter 5 7 Substantiation: Editorial. Chapter 7 is the correct reference for process tanks instead of Chapter 5. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Revise text to read as follows: 6.�.� This chapter shall not apply to the following: (�) Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that are used in operations process areas, as covered by Chapter 5 7 Committee Statement: The changes made are editorial in nature to correlate with the HazMat template. Also, the reference to Chapter 7 will be replaced with all relevant chapter numbers in the new HazMat template. Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-66 Log #�9 FLC-SWC Final Action: Reject (6.1.3.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: John A. Davenport, GE Global Asset Protection Services Recommendation: Add a new 6.�.3.3 as follows: Containers, portable tanks and IBCs used for the storage of flammable or combustible liquids shall be considered as full unless free from residual material and vapor as defined by DOT, the Resource Conservation and recovery Act (RCRA) or other regulating authority. Substantiation: This is needed to address storage of “empty” containers that may contain residual liquids which might present a hazard similar to full containers. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: Acceptance of this proposal would have a significant

adverse impact on maximum allowable quantities (MAQs) and would impose an unreasonable burden on the user. Also, this issue is addressed in NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, 60.3.9.3.�. Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). Comment on Affirmative: HAVENS, D.: I like the language used in NFPA �-�993. Section 60.3.9.3 requires that, unless free of residual material or vapor, the containers be “…maintained as specified for the storage of the hazardous material.” With respect to the MAQ, we would need to clearly indicate that, if the quantity of residual materials in any individual container were less than some threshold amount, that quantity of material would not count towards the MAQ. If there is concern about the number of empty drums that can be stored in a fire area, the “exemption” could modified to say that the residuals in any individual container would not count as long as the total quantity of residuals in all the empty containers does not exceed some higher amount, such as the MAQ. ________________________________________________________________ 30-67 Log #40 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept in Principle (6.2.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 6.2.1 Only the following approved containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks shall be used: (�) Metal containers, metal intermediate bulk containers, and metal portable tanks meeting the requirements of, and containing products authorized by… (�) Plastic or metal containers meeting the requirements of, and used for petroleum products within the scope of, one or more of the following specifications shall be acceptable: (a) ASTM F85�, Standard Specification for Portable Gasoline Containers for Consumer Use (b) ASTM F976, Standard Specification for Portable Keros i e ne and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use (c) ANSI/UL �3�3, Standard for Nonmetallic Safety Cans for Petroleum Products (d) UL30, Standard for Metal Safety Cans (e) UL �3�4, Standard for Special Purpose Metal Containers (3) Plastic containers meeting the… Substantiation: Expand item (�) to include metal containers conforming to enumerated standards in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style for lists. Editorial corrections for existing Standard names for items (a), (b) and (c). Addition of Standards references for portable containers in metal safety cans (d) and special purpose metal cans (e) both suitable for flammable and combustible liquids in applications covered by Chapter 6. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Accept, but delete the word “petroleum”; add references to FM Global standards from current item (6); then delete entirely item (6). Subsection 6.�.� will read: 6.�.� Only the following approved containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks shall be used: (�) Metal containers, metal intermediate bulk containers, and metal portable tanks meeting the requirements of, and containing products authorized by… (�) Plastic or metal containers meeting the requirements of, and used for petroleum products within the scope of, one or more of the following specifications shall be acceptable: (a) ASTM F85�, Standard Specification for Portable Gasoline Containers for Consumer Use (b) ASTM F976, Standard Specification for Portable Kerosine and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use (c) ANSI/UL �3�3, Standard for Nonmetallic Safety Cans for Petroleum Products (d) UL30, Standard for Metal Safety Cans (e) UL �3�4, Standard for Special Purpose Metal Containers (f) Approval Standard for Safety Containers and Filling, Supply, and Disposal Containers - Class Number 605� and 605� Committee Statement: The Technical Committee agrees with the proposed amendments, but would like to have the references expanded to other equivalent standards. Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58).

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 ________________________________________________________________ 30-68 Log #6 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.2.1, A.6.2.1, 6.2.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: �. Revise Subsection 6.�.� to read as follows: 6.�.�* Only the following approved containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks shall be used for Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids. �. Add a new Annex item to 6.�.� to read as follows: A.6.�.� It is not the intent of Section 6.� to regulate containers and packaging systems for Class IIIB liquids, except as required for protected storage in accordance with Section 6.8. 3. Revise Subsection 6.�.3 to read as follows: 6.�.3 The maximum allowable size of a container, intermediate bulk container, or metal portable tank for Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids shall not exceed that specified in Table 6.�.3. 4. In Table 6.�.3, in the last column heading, change the column heading from Class III to Class IIIA. Substantiation: Submitter’s Reason: Note: This TIA was approved for processing by the Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks at its March ��, �004 meeting. The criteria set forth in Section 6.�, including Table 6.�.3 are based primarily on types of containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that are acceptable for shipment under the rules of the U. S. Department of Transportation (DOT). However, the DOT does not regulate Class IIIB liquids, i.e., those with flash points above �00°F. (Neither does the U. S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulate Class IIIB liquids.) Technical validity: In the �003 edition of NFPA 30, two new rows were added to Table 6.�.3. One row pertains to “composite IBCs with flexible inner receptacles” and the other pertains to “bag-in-box, nonbulk” containers. Both of these rows were added for the purpose of prohibiting storage of flammable and combustible liquids in composite containers having a cardboard exterior and a flexible plastic interior (composite vessels). These changes were accomplished by Proposal 30-47 based on a substantiation indicating “Correlation with U.S. Department of Transportation Regulations” and “Specify which intermediate bulk containers are not allowed for use with flammable and combustible liquids.” In general, it can be stated that NFPA 30’s container and IBC construction requirements are closely aligned with container construction requirements promulgated by the United Nations (UN) and the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) for transportation of hazardous materials, and this approach is generally regarded as sensible, given that most containers and IBCs are transported from suppliers to users. However, a major discrepancy between NFPA 30 and UN/DOT regulations has been identified with respect to regulation of container types for Class III-B liquids. NFPA 30 requires containers and IBCs for Class III-B liquids to meet the same the stringent vessel construction requirements that apply to other combustible liquids. DOT, on the other hand, does not typically regulate Class III-B liquids as hazardous materials [49CFR, Sec. �73.��0 b)], and thereby, containers for such liquids are not restricted by DOT hazardous materials container regulations. Given that the documented intent of Proposal 30-47 was to correlate NFPA 30 with DOT container and IBC construction requirements, there is no identifiable basis for the inconsistency between NFPA 30 and DOT with respect to Class III-B liquids. When the new rows for composite containers were added in Table 6.�.3 of the �003 code, listing “Not Permitted” for Class III liquids, the larger problem of NFPA 30’s approach to regulating packaging for Class III-B liquids came to light. The larger problem actually begins with Section 6.�.�, which restricts permissible container types for Class I, II and III liquids, including III-B liquids, to specified types, none of which are applicable to Class III-B liquids under DOT regulations. In discussing this matter, it became apparent to technical committee members that the committee’s concern regarding storage of flammable and combustible liquids in composite vessels focused on the lack of validated sprinkler protection schemes for facilities where these vessels would be stored. Although this concern has obvious merit with respect to Class I and Class II liquids, and perhaps Class III-A liquids, based on the relative ignitibility of these types of liquids, the justification for strict regulation of packaging of Class III-B liquids, regardless of quantity, is not evident, particularly when one considers that NFPA 30 permits large quantities of Class III-B liquids in buildings without requiring protection by fire sprinklers. For example: �. NFPA 30, Table 6.4.4.� permits 55,000 of Class III-B liquid in an unprotected building. �. NFPA 30, Section 6.5.�.3 permits �3,750 gallons of Class III-B liquid in a general purpose warehouse with a sprinkler system suited only for storage of Class IV commodities. 3. NFPA 30, Sections 6.5.3, 6.5.4 and 6.5.5 do not restrict the quantity of Class III-B liquids in dwellings, residential uses, assembly uses, offices, day care centers, educational uses or institutional uses. 4. NFPA 30, Section 6.5.6 permits �5,000 gallons of Class III-B liquids with no sprinkler protection and an unlimited quantity of Class III-B liquids with only NFPA �3 ordinary hazard Group � protection in mercantile uses.

5. NFPA 30, Section 4.3.4 never invokes a requirement for indoor tank storage of Class III-B liquids to be located in a tank storage building. Thereby, an unlimited quantity of Class III-B liquids in tanks is permitted in unsprinklered buildings. 6. NFPA 5000, Table 34.�.3.� permits �3,�00 gallons of Class III-B liquid in a building in an open-use condition without sprinkler protection. The commonality among all of these provisions for Class III-B liquids is a recognition that such liquids represent a minimal fire hazard due to their high flashpoint and associated resistance to ignition. Considering that NFPA currently permits storage of thousands of gallons of Class III-B liquids with no sprinkler protection or ordinary protection per NFPA �3 and that NFPA 5000 permits more than �3,000 gallons of Class III-B liquid to be in use in an open-top vessel without sprinkler protection, NFPA 30’s blanket prohibition of composite vessels for storage of Class III-B liquids and of NFPA 30’s approach to regulating packaging of Class III-B liquids in general cannot be technically substantiated. In summary, this TIA seeks to remove NFPA 30’s restrictions on packaging methods for Class III-B liquids and the associated prohibition of composite vessels for storage of Class III-B liquids based on the following facts: �. No technical substantiation was documented to justify specific restrictions with respect to Class III-B liquids in composite vessels when the proposal to add the new rows regulating composite vessels was put submitted to NFPA 30, �. Regulation of packaging for Class III-B liquids and the prohibition of composite vessels for storage of Class III-B liquids is inconsistent with the overall intent of NFPA 30, which is to make NFPA 30’s container construction provisions generally align with UN/DOT requirements, 3. Strict regulation of packaging methods for Class III-B liquids is completely inconsistent with the regulatory approach taken in other sections of NFPA 30. It is illogical to permit thousands of gallons of Class III-B liquids in open-use conditions, which expose the liquid to atmosphere, while not permitting any quantity of Class III-B liquid in a closed packaging system that has no known adverse fire experience. It is also illogical to prohibit the use of a container type based on concerns about the lack of validated sprinkler protection criteria when the code permits thousands of gallons of the commodity in a building without requiring sprinklers at all. Although the committee remains concerned that there is a need to develop validated fire protection criteria for protection of Class III-B liquids in combustible containers, prohibiting the use of such containers based on the container type is not a justifiable solution, particularly when one considers that container types, such as “bag-in-box,” have been used for storage of Class III-B liquids for many years with no identified loss history. Emergency nature: This TIA satisfies the criteria specified in the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects (RGCP) to qualify for designation as an “emergency.” RGCP Section 5.� specifies that satisfying one or more of six criteria prescribed in Subsections (a) through (f) meets the “emergency nature” test. This TIA proposal satisfies the Subsection (f) test, which states “The proposed TIA intends to correct a circumstance in which the revised document has resulted in an adverse impact on a product or method that was inadvertently overlooked in the total revision process, or was without adequate technical (safety) justification for the action.” As stated above, Proposal 30-47 did not present any technical justification to substantiate to new restriction on packaging of Class III-B liquids, and the new restriction was actually in conflict with the stated goal of the proposal to correlate with UN/DOT packaging regulations. It is also apparent in reviewing NFPA’s records associated with this matter that no evaluation of the impact of the proposal on an existing industry was performed. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-69 Log #CP48 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.2.1.4) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Revise text to read: “Fiber drums that meet the following shall be acceptable: (a) Requirements of Item s �94 and �96 of the National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) or Rule 5� of the Uniform Freight Classification (UFC) for Types �A, 3A, 3B-H, 3B-L, or 4A (b) [text stays the same]” Substantiation: Item �94 defines packaging for semi-viscous liquids. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58).

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 ________________________________________________________________ 30-70 Log #CP47 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.2.1(3)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Renumber the current text as item (a) Add a new item (b) to read: “ Plastic containers that meet the requirements of Item �56 or �58 of the National Motor Freight Classification, or the International Safe Transit Association for liquids that are not classified as hazardous by U. S. Department of Transportation or the United Nations. ” Substantiation: This creates an acceptable packaging standard for Class IIIA liquids that are in open-head plastic drums and open-head plastic pails. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-7� Log #CP49 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.2.1(5)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Make current text item (a). Add a new item (b) to read: “ Rigid nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers that meet the requirements of National Motor Freight Classification or International Safe Transit Association for liquids that are not classified as hazardous by the U. S. Department of Transportation or United Nations. ” Substantiation: This creates an acceptable packaging standard for Class IIIA liquids that are in rigid nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-7� Log #CP50 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (Table 6.2.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace footnote text for “NP” with the following: “Not permitted for container categories so classified, unless a fire protection scheme developed in accordance with 6.8.�.4 and approved for that specific container is provided and protection against static electricity is provided in accordance with 7.9.4.�.” Substantiation: This change allows industry to develop new fire protection system designs for non-permitted categories. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-73 Log #4� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept in Principle (6.3 and A.6.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text and add a new annex item to read as follows: Add Annex note to 6.3 as follows: 6.3 * Design, Construction, and Capacity of Storage Cabinets. A.6.3 The requirements in this section are based on hazards associated with fixed storage cabinets. They do not address the additional hazards associated with mobile storage cabinets (cabinets with integral wheels) including: �) increased risk of spills, �) potential for tip over or egress blockage, 3) maintenance of vent and grounding integrity, or 4) variable condition of exposed floor surface areas under the cabinet. Substantiation: The proposed annex note is to alert the user that the safeguards considered in the design, construction and capacity of storage cabinets may not be the only considerations to take into account when mobility of storage cabinets is also desired. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle A.6.3 The requirements in this section are based on hazards associated with fixed storage cabinets. They do not address potential hazards associated with mobile storage cabinets (cabinets with integral wheels), such as: �) increased risk of spills, �) potential for tipover or egress blockage, 3) maintenance of vent and grounding integrity, or 4) variable condition of exposed floor surface areas under the cabinet. Committee Statement: The changed language reflects editorial improvement.

Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-74 Log #CP40 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.3.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace the current 6.3.� text with the following: “ The total aggregate volume of Class I, Class II, and Class IIIA liquids in storage cabinets shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantity per control area based on the occupancy where the cabinets are located. “ Substantiation: This proposal eliminates the current restriction on the number of cabinets in one group, which had no technical basis. It also correlates with the concept of a control area (versus a fire area) as established in NFPA � and NFPA 5000 and correlates with the maximum allowable quantities for the various occupancies in NFPA 5000. It is not the intent of this proposal to limit the quantities of liquids to cabinets where unlimited quantities are permitted for Protection Level � or 3 (in NFPA 5000) or in an “H� or H3” occupancy (in the International Building Code). Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-75 Log #CP5� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (Table 6.3.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: In Column #�, Row #7, Add “... and DOT/UN approved flexible intermediate bulk containers ”. Delete “UN�3H, UN �3L, and UL�3M”. In Column #�, Row #9, add “ UN�H� ” after “UN�H�”. Substantiation: This change correlates the table entries with currently acceptable DOT classes of packaging. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-76 Log #CP6� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.4, 6.5, (new Chapters 14 & 15)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace current Sections 6.4 and 6.5 of NFPA 30 with the following new Chapters �4 and �5. Chapter �4 Hazardous Materials Storage Lockers.14.1 Scope This chapter shall apply to the storage of liquids in movable, modular prefabricated storage lockers specifically designed and manufactured for storage of hazardous materials.14.2 General14.2.1 [6.6.1] Hazardous materials storage lockers that are used as inside liquid storage rooms shall be considered inside liquid storage rooms and shall meet the requirements of for inside rooms as set forth in Chapter 9 Section 6.4 as applicable.14.2.2 [6.6.2] Sections �4.� and �4.4 shall apply to storage of flammable and combustible liquids in containers, in hazardous materials storage lockers (hereinafter referred to as lockers) that are located outside.14.3 Design and Construction of Hazardous Materials Storage Lockers14.3.1 [6.6.3] The design and construction of a locker shall meet all applicable local, state, and federal regulations and requirements and shall be subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.14.3.2 [6.6.3] Movable prefabricated structures that have been examined, listed, or labeled by an organization acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction for use as a hazardous materials storage facility shall be acceptable.14.3.3 [6.6.3.1] Lockers governed by Section 6.6 shall not exceed �500 ft� (�40 m�) gross floor area.14.3.4 [6.6.3.1] Vertical stacking of lockers shall not be permitted.14.3.5 [6.6.3.2] Where electrical wiring and equipment is required, it shall comply with 6.4.�.6 [old ref].14.3.6 [6.6.3.3] Where dispensing or filling is permitted inside a locker, operations shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 7 [old ref].14.3.7 [6.6.3.4] Ventilation shall be provided in accordance with 6.4.�.7 [old ref].14.3.8 [6.6.3.5] Lockers shall include a spill containment system to prevent

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 the flow of liquids from the structure under emergency conditions.14.3.8.1 [6.6.3.5] The containment system shall have sufficient capacity to contain �0 percent of the volume of containers allowed in the locker or the volume of the largest container, whichever is greater.14.4 Designated Sites14.4.1 [6.6.4] Lockers shall be located on a Designated approved sites on the property. shall be provided for the location and use of lockers and shall be subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction. 14.4.2 [6.6.4] The designated site shall be arranged to provide at least the minimum separation distances specified in Table �4.4 between individual lockers, distance from locker to property line that is or can be built upon, and distance from locker to nearest side of public ways or to important buildings on the same property, as given in Table 6.6.4 and explanatory notes �, �, 3, and 4, as applicable.

14.4.3 [6.6.4.1] Once the designated site is approved, it shall not be changed without the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.14.4.4 [6.6.4.2] More than one locker shall be permitted on a designated site, provided that the separation distance between individual lockers is maintained in accordance with Table �4.4.14.4.5 [6.6.4.3] Where the approved designated storage site is accessible to the general public, it shall be protected from tampering or trespassing.14.5 [6.6.4.4] Storage Practices.14.5.1 [6.6.4.4.1] Containers of liquid in their original shipping packages shall be permitted to be stored either palletized or solid piled.14.5.2 [6.6.4.4.1] Unpackaged containers shall be permitted to be stored on shelves or directly on the floor of the locker.14.5.3 [6.6.4.4.1] Containers over 30 gal (��4 L) capacity storing Class I or Class II liquids shall not be stored in arrangements more than two containers high.14.5.4 [6.6.4.4.1] In all cases, the storage arrangement shall provide unrestricted access to and egress from the locker.14.5.5 [6.6.4.4.2] Miscellaneous combustible materials, including but not limited to idle pallets, excessive vegetation, packing materials, No other flammable or combustible materials storage shall not be permitted within 5 ft of the designated site approved for lockers.14.5.6 [6.6.4.4.3] Placarding or warning signs for lockers shall be in accordance with applicable local, state, and federal regulations or with NFPA 704, Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response.

Chapter 15 Outdoor Storage.

15.1 Scope. This chapter shall apply to the storage of liquids outdoors.15.2 [6.7.1] General. Outdoor storage of liquids in containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks shall comply with be in accordance with Table �5.� and with all applicable requirements of this chapter, 6.7.�.� through 6.7.�.4, and 6.7.� through 6.7.4.

See the next page for Table 15.2

15.2.1 [6.7.1.1] Where two or more classes of liquids are stored in a single pile, the maximum quantity permitted gallonage in that pile shall be that of the most hazardous class of liquid present the smallest of the two or more separate gallonages.15.2.2 [6.7.1.2] No container, intermediate bulk container, or portable tank in a pile shall be more than �00 ft (60 m) from a minimum �0-foot (6 m) wide accessway to permit approach of fire control apparatus under all weather conditions.15.2.3 [6.7.1.3] The distances specified listed in Table �5.� shall apply to properties that have protection for exposures as defined. If there are exposures and such protection for exposures does not exist, the distance to the property line that is or can be built upon shall be doubled.

15.2.3 [6.7.1.4] Where total quantity stored does not exceed 50 percent of the maximum quantity per pile, as specified given in Table �5.�, the distances to a property line that is or can be built upon and to streets, alleys, or public ways shall be permitted to be reduced by 50 percent but in no case not to less than 3 ft (0.9 m).15.2.4 [6.7.3] The storage area shall be graded in a manner to divert possible spills away from buildings or other exposures or shall be surrounded by a curb at least 6 in (�50 mm) high.15.2.4.1 [6.7.3] Where curbs are used, provisions shall be made to drain for draining of accumulations of groundwater or rainwater or spills of liquids. Drains shall terminate at a safe location and shall flow freely under fire conditions and shall be accessible to operation under fire conditions.15.2.5 [6.7.4] The storage area shall be protected against tampering or trespassers where necessary.15.2.6 [6.7.4] The storage are shall be kept free of weeds, debris, and other combustible materials not necessary to the storage.15.2.7 [6.7.5] The storage shall be permitted to be Outdoor storage of containers that are protected from the weather by a canopy or roof that does not limit the dissipation of heat or dispersion of flammable vapors and does not restrict fire-fighting access and control shall be treated as outside storage in accordance with Section 6.7 and shall not be considered an inside storage area subject to the requirements of Section 6.4.15.3 Storage Adjacent to a Building15.3.1 [6.7.2] A maximum of ��00 gal (4�60 L) of liquids in closed containers, intermediate bulk containers, or and portable tanks shall be permitted to be stored adjacent to a building under the same management provided the following conditions apply: (�) The adjacent building wall has an exterior fire resistance rating of � hours.(�) The adjacent building wall has There are no openings to areas at grade or above grade that are within �0 ft (3 m) horizontally of the storage.(3) The adjacent building wall has There are no openings directly above the storage.(4) The adjacent building wall has There are no openings to areas below grade within 50 ft (�5 m) horizontally of the storage.

Table 14.4 [Table 6.6.4] Designated SitesArea of

Designated Site1 (ft2)Minimum Separation Distance (ft)

Between Individual

Lockers

From Locker to Property Line

that Is or Can Be Built Upon2

From Locker to Nearest Side of Public Ways or to Important Buildings on

Same Property 2,3

�005 �0 5

>�00 and 5005 �0 �0

>500 and �5004

5 30 �0

Notes:(�) For SI units, � ft = 0.3 m; � ft� = 0.09 m�.(�) If the locker is provided with a fire resistance rating of not less than 4 hours and defla-gration venting is not required in accordance with 6.4.�.4 [old ref], all distances required by Table �3.4 [Table 6.6.4] shall be permitted to be waived.�Site area limits are intended to differentiate the relative size and thus the number of lock-ers that are permitted in one designated site.�Distances apply to properties that have protection for exposures, as defined. If there are exposures and such protection for exposures does not exist, the distances shall be doubled.3When the exposed building has an exterior wall, facing the designated site, that has a fire resistance rating of at least � hours and has no openings to abovegrade areas within 3 m (�0 ft) horizontally and no openings to belowgrade areas within �5 m (50 ft) horizontally of the designated area, the distances can be reduced to half of those shown in the table, except they shall never be less than �.5 m (5 ft).4When a single locker has a gross single story floor area that will require a site area limit of greater than �40 m� (�500 ft�) or when multiple units exceed the area limit of �40 m� (�500 ft�), the authority having jurisdiction shall be consulted for approval of distances.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30

Tabl

e 15

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Tabl

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7.1]

Out

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Liq

uid

Stor

age

in C

onta

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s an

d Po

rtab

le T

anks

Cla

ssM

axim

um Q

uant

ity p

er P

ile a

nd H

eigh

t of P

ileM

inim

um S

epar

atio

n D

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nce

(ft)

Con

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ers

Rig

id P

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Tan

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etal

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Cs

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r R

acks

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rope

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lt U

ponc,

e

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tree

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c

Qua

ntity

(g

al)b,

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Qua

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(g

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dH

eigh

t (f

t)IA

�,�0

0�0

____

�,�0

07

550

�0IB

�,�0

0��

____

4,40

0�4

550

�0IC

4,40

0��

____

8,80

0�4

550

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8,80

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8,80

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44,0

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I liq

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in ri

gid

plas

tic a

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s no

t per

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6.7

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ixed

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c See

6.7

.�.4

for s

mal

ler p

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izes

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s, th

e qu

antit

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its p

er p

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o no

t app

ly, b

ut th

e ra

ck a

rran

gem

ents

sha

ll be

lim

ited

to a

max

imum

of �

5 m

(50

ft) in

leng

th a

nd tw

o ro

ws

or �

.7 m

(9 ft

) in

dept

h.e S

ee 6

.7.�

.3 re

gard

ing

prot

ectio

n fo

r exp

osur

es.

30-4�

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 15.3.2 [6.7.2 Exception] The provisions of �5.3.�(�) through (4) shall be permitted to be waived, subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction, are not necessary if the building in question is limited to one story, is of fire-resistive or noncombustible construction, and is devoted principally to the storage of liquids, and is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. 15.3.3 [6.7.2.1] The quantity of liquid stored adjacent to a building that meets the conditions of �5.3.�(�) through (4) protected in accordance with 6.7.� shall be permitted to exceed that permitted in �5.3.�, provided the maximum quantity per pile does not exceed ��00 gal (4�60 L) and each pile is separated by a �0-foot (3 m) minimum clear space along the common wall.15.3.4 [6.7.2.2] Where the quantity of liquid stored shall be permitted to exceeds the ��00 gal (4�60 L) specified by �5.3.� permitted adjacent to the building given in 6.7.�, or the provisions of 6.7.� cannot otherwise be met, where a minimum distance equal to that specified by shown in Table �5.� for distance to property line shall be maintained between buildings and the nearest container or portable tank.15.3.5 [6.7.2.2] Where the provisions of �5.3.� cannot be met, a minimum distance equal to that specified by shown in Table �5.� for distance to property line shall be maintained between buildings and the nearest container or portable tank. Substantiation: The proposed new Chapters �4 and �5 incorporate the new HazMat template, which establishes a standard format for all NFPA Technical Committee documents dealing with storage, handling, and use of hazardous materials. The proposed new chapters also include a number of technical changes that are intended to correlate NFPA 30’s requirements for container storage (including intermediate bulk containers and portable tanks) with the provisions of NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-77 Log #CP4� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (Table 6.4.2.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: �. Under “Type of Storage Area”, replace “Inside Room” with the phrase “Liquid Storage Room”. �. Delete entirely the three rows that pertain to “Cut off Rooms and Attached Buildings”. 3. Delete Footnotes “b” and “c” and relabel other footnotes accordingly. Substantiation: These changes correlate with the requirements of NFPA 5000. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-78 Log #CP46 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.4.2.4) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace the current text of 6.4.�.4 with the following: “ 6.4.�.4 Where Class IA liquids are stored in containers larger than � gal, areas shall be provided with a means of explosion control complying with NFPA 69. An approved engineered damage limiting construction design shall also be permitted. Exception: This shall not apply to a liquid storage room totally enclosed within a building. 6.4.�.4.�* Where unstable liquids are stored, an approved engineered construction method that is designed to limit damage from an explosion (deflagration or detonation depending on liquid) shall be used. A.6.4.�.4.� Unstable liquid can create deflagration or detonation hazards. A full engineering review of the type of explosion event that may be produced by an unstable liquid is needed to define the needed protection measures. Protection measures for detonations require construction features such as barricades. “ Substantiation: Correlation with NFPA 5000 and other building codes. Also, correction of a technical error that grouped Class IA liquids and unstable liquids. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-79 Log #CP44 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.4.4.4 (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers

and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Add a new 6.6.4.4 to read: “ Miscellaneous combustible materials, including but not limited to idle pallets, excessive vegetation, packing materials, shall not be permitted within 5 ft of the designated site approved for lockers. “ Substantiation: This new requirement establishes a clear zone around the designated site. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-80 Log #CP39 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.5.1.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Delete �nd sentence of 6.5.�.�. Substantiation: This requirement is not enforceable. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-8� Log #CP43 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.5.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Delete 6.5.�. entirely. Substantiation: NFPA 30 no longer includes the concept of flammable liquid storage in a general purpose warehouse above the maximum allowable quantities provided by NFPA 5000. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Negative: � Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Negative: TABAR, D.: The characterization “General Purpose Warehouse” should be maintained through this code cycle. There is a long history of use. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-8� Log #CP59 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.5.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace current Subsection 6.5.� with the following new Chapter �0. Chapter 10 Storage of Liquids in Containers in Mercantile Occupancies10.1 Scope[new] 10.1.1 [new] This chapter shall apply to mercantile occupancies that handle, store, and display liquids:(a) in drums or other containers that do not exceed 450 L (��9 gal) individual capacity.(b) in portable tanks that do not exceed �500 L (660 gal) individual capacity, and(c) in intermediate bulk containers that do not exceed 3000 L (793 gal).(d) overpack drums when used for temporary containment of containers that do not exceed �30 L (60 gal) capacity.[6.1.1 and 6.5.6.1] Overpack drums shall be treated as containers as defined in 3.3.7.10.1.2 [new] This chapter shall also apply to limited dispensing of liquids incidental to mercantile operations.10.1.3 [6.1.2] This chapter shall not apply to the following:(1) containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that are used in operations, as covered by Chapter 7 [old ref](2) beverages where packaged in individual containers that do not exceed 5 L (�.3 gal) capacity(3) medicines, foodstuffs, cosmetics, and other consumer products that contain not more than 50 percent by volume of water-miscible flammable or combustible liquids, with the remainder of the product solution consisting of components that do not burn and not being flammable where packaged in individual containers that do not exceed 5 L (�.3 gal) capacity(4) liquids that have no fire point when tested in accordance with ASTM D 9�, Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup, up to the boiling point of the liquid or up to a temperature at which the liquid sample being tested shows an obvious physical change(5) liquids with a flash point greater than 35°C (95°F) in a water-miscible solution or in dispersion with a water and inert (noncombustible) solids content

30-4�

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 of more than 80 percent by weight, and which do not sustain combustion when tested in accordance with using the “Method of Testing for Sustained Combustibility,” per 49 CFR �73, Appendix H, or the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods(6) distilled spirits and wines in wooden barrels or casks 10.2 General10.2.1 [6.1.3.1] For the purposes of this chapter, unstable liquids shall be treated as Class IA liquids.[6.1.3.2] For the purposes of this chapter, protected storage installed after January �, �997, shall mean storage installed after January �, �997 that is protected in accordance with Table �0.3.�. All other storage shall be considered to be unprotected storage unless an alternate means of protection has been approved by the authority having jurisdiction. (See 6.8.2.4 and 6.8.3)10.2.2 [new] Maximum allowable quantities of liquids for display and storage shall comply with Table �0.3.�, based on the level of protection provided.10.2.3 [new] The design, construction and capacity of containers shall comply with the applicable provisions of 9.3. [old ref]10.2.3.1 [6.2.3.1] Commonly accepted packagings for medicines, beverages, foodstuffs, cosmetics, and other common consumer products, where packaged according to commonly accepted practices for retail sales, shall be exempt from the requirements of 6.�.� and 6.�.3. [old refs]10.2.4 Where utilized within a mercantile occupancy, the design, construction, and capacity of storage cabinets shall comply with the applicable provisions of 9.4.10.2.5* [new] Where utilized within a mercantile occupancy, the design, construction, and operation of a separate liquid storage rooms, or a hazardous material storage locker used as a separate inside liquid storage area shall comply with the applicable provisions of 6.4. [old ref]

----------------------------------------------------------------------A.0 Use of a liquid storage room or a hazardous material storage locker used as an inside storage area are is not mandated for the storage of liquids within a mercantile occupancy where quantities in Table �0.3.� are not exceeded. Reference provides guidance where the construction of such spaces is utilized within a mercantile occupancy.10.3 Control Areas10.3.1 [6.5.6.2] General The maximum quantities of liquids allowed in each control area and display and storage arrangements, shall meet the requirements of this subsection and Table �0.3.�.

10.3.2 [new] Existing unprotected mercantile occupancies in place prior to January �, �997, are permitted to store or display up to �8,400 L (7500 gal) of Class IB, IC, II, and IIIA liquids (any combination) in each area.10.4 Specific Restrictions10.4.1 [6.5.6.3] On floors above the ground level, the storage or display of Class I and Class II liquids shall be limited to �30 L (60 gal) in unprotected occupancies and 454 L (��0 gal) in protected occupancies. 10.4.2 [6.5.6.4] Class I and Class II liquids shall not be permitted to be stored, or displayed, or dispensed in basements. 10.4.3 [6.5.6.5] Liquids in containers of greater than �3 L (6.0 gal) capacity shall not be stored or displayed in areas normally accessible to the public.Exception: This shall not apply to any liquid that is exempt from the requirements of this chapter, as set forth in 10.1.310.4.4 [6.5.6.6] Class II liquids that are not water-miscible and are packaged in plastic containers of 3.8 L (� gal) capacity or greater shall be limited to a maximum total quantity of ��4 L (30 gal) per pile. Adjacent piles shall be separated by a minimum distance of �5 m (50 ft). This maximum total

quantity shall be permitted to the doubled to �30 L (60 gal), if the liquids are stored in listed flammable liquids storage cabinets or are in areas protected by an automatic sprinkler system having a design density of �4.4 mm/min/m² (0.60 gpm/ft²) over �3� m² (�500 ft²) and using high temperature, K��.� or larger extra large orifice quick response sprinklers.[6.5.6.8] Means of egress from mercantile occupancies shall meet applicable requirements of NFPA �0�, Life Safety Code.10.5 Construction Features10.5.1 [new] Separation walls between control areas ratings shall meet the requirements of Table �0.3.�.10.4.2* [new] Where utilized within a mercantile occupancy, the construction of a separate liquid storage room or a hazardous material storage locker used as a separate inside liquid storage room shall comply with the applicable provisions of 6.4. [old ref] (See A.10.2.5.)10.5 Fire Protection 10.5.1 [new] Where provided, automatic sprinkler systems shall meet the design requirements of Table �0.3.�.10.5.2 [6.5.6.7] Protection systems for storage and display of liquids that are designed and developed based on full-scale tests performed at an approved test facility shall be considered an acceptable alternative to the protection criteria set forth in Chapter �6 Section 6.8. Such alternative protection systems shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. 10.5.3 [new] Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided where liquids are stored. Hoseline connections shall be provided where required by Section 9.9.�.10.6 Emergency Controls (Reserved) 10.7 Electrical10.7.1 [6.4.2.6.1] Electrical Wiring and utilization equipment shall meet the requirements of Chapter 7.10.7.2 Electrical area classification shall not be required for liquid storage areas where all containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks are sealed and are not opened, except as provided for in 9.��.3. [confirm ref]

10.8 Spill Control10.8.1 [6.8.5] Where individual containers exceed 38 L (�0 gal) and protection has been provided in accordance with Chapter �5, containment and drainage shall be provided in accordance with Figure 9.��.3.� [6.8.5] for new construction where the total large container volume exceeds �40 gal. [old ref]10.8.2 [new] Where utilized within a mercantile occupancy, spill containment for separate liquid storage rooms and for hazardous material storage lockers used as separate liquid storage rooms areas shall meet applicable requirements of Section 9.��. (See A.�0.�.5.)10.9 Ventilation10.9.1 [6.4.2.7] Liquid storage areas where dispensing is conducted shall be provided with either a gravity or a continuous mechanical exhaust ventilation system that meets the requirements of Chapter �8. Mechanical ventilation shall be used if Class I liquids are dispensed within the room.

[6.4.2.7.1] Exhaust air shall be taken from a point near a wall on one side of

Table 10.3.1 [6.5.6.2] Maximum Allowable Quantities for Storage and Display in Amounts for Mercantile OccupanciesLiquid Classification

Level of Protection Storage Limits IA1

IB, IC, II, and IIIAAny Combination IIIB

Unprotected Maximum quantity allowed3

60 gal 3750 gal per building area; a maximum of two control areas permitted per occupancy when separation is provided by a minimum �-hour-rated fire separation wall

�5,000 gal

Maximum storage density

� gal/ft² in storage and display areas and adja-cent aisles

NFPA �3, Ordinary Hazard (Group �) Sprinkler System�

Maximum quantity allowed3

��0 gal 7500 gal per building area; a maximum of two control areas permitted per occupancy when separation is provided by a minimum �-hour-rated fire separation wall

Unlimited

Maximum storage density

4 gal/ft² in storage and display areas and adja-cent aisles

NFPA 30, Chapter �5 Section 6.8

Maximum quantity allowed3

��0 gal 30,000 gal per occupancy Unlimited

Notes:(�) For SI units, � gal = 3.8 L; � ft² = 0.09 m².(�) Existing unprotected mercantile occupancies in operation prior to January �, �997, are permitted to store or display up to �8,400 L

(7500 gal) of Class IB, IC, II, and IIIA liquids (any combination) in each area.� Ground level floor only.� For storage heights that do not exceed 3.6 m (�� ft).3 Does not include liquids exempted by �0.�.�.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 the room and within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor, with one or more make-up inlets located on the opposite side of the room within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor. The location of both the exhaust and inlet air openings shall be arranged to provide, as far as practicable, air movements across all portions of the floor to prevent accumulation of flammable vapors. Exhaust from the room shall be directly to the exterior of the building without recirculation.Exception: Recirculation shall be permitted where the air is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor–air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected.

[6.4.2.7.1.1] If ducts are used, they shall not be used for any other purpose and shall comply with NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids. If make-up air to a mechanical system is taken from within the building, the opening shall be equipped with a fire door or damper, as required in NFPA 9�. For gravity systems, the make-up air shall be supplied from outside the building.

[6.4.2.7.2] Mechanical ventilation systems shall provide at least 0.3 m3/min of exhaust air for each m� of floor area (� cfm/ft�), but not less than 4 m3/min (�50 cfm). The mechanical ventilation system for dispensing areas shall be equipped with an airflow switch or other equally reliable method that is interlocked to sound an audible alarm upon failure of the ventilation system.10.10 Exhausted Enclosures (Reserved)10.11 Explosion Control (Reserved)10.12 Separation from Incompatible Materials [New]10.12.1 [new, from NFPA 430: 4.4.3.2] Display and storage of liquids shall be separated from incompatible materials, such as products containing more than 5 percent by weight of acids, caustics, or oxidizers, by a minimum distance of 8 m (�5 feet).10.12.2 [new] Where Level � and Level 3 aerosol products are displayed or stored at a height exceeding 8 ft and are within 8 m (�5 ft) of liquids, noncombustible barrier shall be provided to prevent spilled liquids from flowing beneath the aerosol products. The barrier shall be liquidtight at the floor. 10.13 Dispensing, Handling, and Use. [new] Dispensing, handling, and use of liquids shall meet applicable requirements of Chapter �8.10.14 [new] Outdoor Storage Storage outside of buildings at mercantile occupancies shall meet the requirements of Chapter �3 or Chapter �4, whichever is applicable. Substantiation: The proposed new Chapter �0 incorporates the new HazMat template, which establishes a standard format for all NFPA Technical Committee documents dealing with storage, handling, and use of hazardous materials. The proposed new chapter also includes a number of technical changes that are intended to correlate NFPA 30’s requirements for container storage (including intermediate bulk containers and portable tanks) with the provisions of NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Negative: � Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Negative: TABAR, D.: See My Explanation of Negative on 30-8� (Log #CP43). Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). Comment on Affirmative: ORDILE, A.: Info in Section �0.�� (Separation of Incompatible Materials) is not the correct material proposed; correct material proposed can be found in Sections ��.��.� and ��.��.� of the new Chapter �� rewrite. Section ��.�� should be replaced with Section �0.�� material. * Also proposal for new Chapter �� rewrite is not enclosed with this ballot. ________________________________________________________________ 30-83 Log #CP38 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.5.6.8) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Revise 6.5.6.8 to read: “Means of egress from mercantile occupancies shall meet applicable requirements of NFPA �0�, Life Safety Code, NFPA 5000, and this code. Substantiation: The deleted text is superfluous. NFPA 5000 includes separate egress requirements when the maximum allowable quantity of an occupancy is exceeded. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TABAR, D.: While this committee proposal seeks to correlate egress with NFPA 5000, this is the only place to comment on the following: The Technical Committee should maintain the language developed in Section �0.4.4 [6.5.6.6]

which was discussed at the September ��,�3 Technical Committee Meeting, and prepared at the May �9, �0 Baltimore Meeting. A clarification was made, based upon fire testing conducted at Underwriters Laboratories on mineral spirits in one gallon polyethylene containers, that “mineral spirits, paint thinner, or lighter fluid” were examples of the materials regulated in [new] Section �0.4.4 [6.5.6.6]. The Committee, by removing this clarification between the Baltimore and Chicago meetings, should have either (A) documented the action to facilitate public comments; or, (B) moved the clarifying text to the annex. TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-84 Log #CP63 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.8, (new Chapter 16)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace current Section 6.8 of NFPA 30 with the following new Chapter �6. Chapter 16* Automatic Fire Protection for Inside Storage16.1 [6.8.1] Scope16.1.1 [6.8.1] This chapter Section 6.8 shall apply to automatic fire protection systems for all storage of flammable and combustible liquids in containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks as specified in Section 9.3 Section 6.� through Section 6.5.16.1.2* This chapter shall not apply to Class IA flammable liquids or to unstable flammable or combustible liquids.A.16.1.2 [old A.6.8.�] + In testing involving metal containers, only steel containers were tested. Other metal containers, such as aluminum, have not been tested.To date, there has been no full-scale testing to determine appropriate fire protection design criteria for Class IA or unstable liquids. 16.1.3 [new + 6.1.3.2] Storage of liquids that is protected in accordance with the applicable requirements of this chapter shall be considered “protected”, as defined in �6.�.�. All other storage shall be considered to be unprotected storage unless an alternate means of protection has been approved by the authority having jurisdiction.16.2 Definitions. For purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall be defined as shown.16.2.1 [6.1.3.2] Protected Storage. For the purposes of this chapter, protected storage installed after January �, �997, shall mean Flammable and combustible liquids storage installed after January �, �997 that is protected in accordance with this chapter Section 6.8. All other storage shall be considered to be unprotected storage unless an alternate means of protection has been approved by the authority having jurisdiction.16.2.2* [6.8.1.3] Relieving-Style Container. For the purpose of Section 6.8, a relieving-style container shall mean a metal container, a metal intermediate bulk container, or a metal portable tank that is equipped with at least one pressure-relieving mechanism at its top that is designed, sized, and arranged to relieve the internal pressure generated due to exposure to fire so that violent rupture is prevented.16.2.3* [6.8.1.7] Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR). For the purposes of Section 6.8, an unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) shall mean any such A resin that contains up to 50 percent by weight of Class IC, Class II, or Class III liquid, but no Class IA, or Class IB liquid.16.2.4* [6.8.1.6] Viscous Liquid. For the purposes of Section 6.8, any A liquid that gels, thickens, or solidifies when heated or whose viscosity at room temperature versus weight percent content of Class I, Class II, or Class III liquid is in the shaded portion of Figure �6.�.4 [Figure 6.8.�.6].

Figure 16.2.4 [Figure 6.8.1.6]Viscous Liquid: Viscosity Versus Weight Percent Flammable or

Combustible Component

16.2.5 Water-Miscible Liquid. A liquid that mixes in all proportions with water without the use of chemical additives, such as emulsifying agents.16.3 General Requirements16.3.1 [6.4.4.4, 1st sentence] The total quantity of liquids stored in a liquid warehouse shall not be restricted.16.3.2 [6.8.1.1] Where different classes of liquids and container types are stored in the same protected area, protection shall meet the requirements of this chapter Section 6.8 for the most severe hazardous class of liquid present.16.3.3 [6.8.1.2] Where storage is on racks as permitted by this code, racks storing Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids shall be either single row or double row, as described in NFPA �30, Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage. Unless otherwise specified in this chapter by Section 6.8, single-row racks shall not be more than �.4 m (4.5 ft) wide and double-row racks shall not be more than �.8 m (9 ft) wide. 16.3.4 [6.8.1.4] For new fire protection systems installed after January �, �997, fire protection systems shall meet the requirements of this chapter Section 6.8.16.3.4 [6.8.1.5] When applying the fire protection criteria of this chapter Section 6.8, a minimum aisle space of �.8 m (6 ft ) shall be provided between adjacent piles or adjacent rack sections, unless otherwise specified in the tables in �6.5.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 16.3.5 [6.8.1.6] Viscous liquids, as defined in �6.�.4, shall be permitted to be protected using either: (�) the criteria for a Class IIIB liquid in accordance with Figure �6.4.�.� or Figure �6.4.�.� or (�) the criteria for Group A plastics in accordance with Figure �6.4.�.�, whichever is applicable.16.3.6 [6.8.2.4] Protection systems that are designed and developed based on full-scale fire tests performed at an approved test facility or on other engineered protection schemes shall be considered an acceptable alternative to the protection criteria set forth in this chapter Section 6.8. Such alternative protection systems shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction.16.3.7 [6.8.1.3.1] For relieving-style containers of greater than 6.6 gal (�5 L) and up to ��9 gal. (450 L) capacity, the following shall apply:(A) The pressure-relieving mechanism for containers shall be listed and labeled in accordance with FM Global Approval Class 6083, Examination Program for Fusible Closures for Steel Drums, or equivalent.(B) The pressure-relieving mechanism shall not be painted and cap seals, if used, shall be made of thermoplastic material.(C) For metal containers greater than 6.6 gal (�5 L) capacity, the pressure-relieving mechanism shall be unobstructed or an additional pressure-relieving mechanism shall be provided.16.3.8 [6.2.1(5)] To be considered protected by Tables �6.5.�.9 and �6.5.�.�0, rigid nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers shall be subjected to a standard fire test that demonstrates acceptable inside storage fire performance and shall be listed and labeled.16.4* [6.8.2] Automatic Sprinkler and Foam-Water Fire Protection Systems16.4.1 [6.8.2] Where automatic sprinklers or low-expansion foam-water sprinkler systems are used to protect storage of liquids, Figures �6.4.�.�, �6.4.�.�, or �6.4.�.3 [Figures 6.8.�(a) (b), (c)] shall be used to determine protection criteria.16.4.1.1 [new] Figure �6.4.�.� shall be used for miscible and nonmiscible flammable and combustible liquids in metal containers.16.4.1.2 [new] Figure �6.4.�.� shall be used for nonmiscible flammable and combustible liquids in glass, plastic, or fiberboard containers.16.4.1.3 [new] Figure �6.4.�.3 shall be used for water-miscible flammable and combustible liquids in glass, plastic, or fiberboard containers.16.4.2 [6.8.2] Automatic sprinkler and foam-water fire protection systems shall be wet pipe, deluge, or preaction systems.16.4.2.1 [6.8.2] If a preaction system is used, it shall be designed so that water or foam solution will immediately discharge from the sprinkler upon sprinkler actuation.16.4.2.2 [6.8.2] A foam-water sprinkler system that meets any of the design criteria specified in the water sprinkler tables in this section shall be acceptable, provided that the system is installed in accordance with NFPA �6.

Figure 16.4.1.1 [Figure 6.8.2(a)]Fire Protection Criteria Decision Tree for Miscible and Nonmiscible

Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Metal Containers

Figure 16.4.1.2 [Figure 6.8.2(b)]Fire Protection Criteria Decision Tree for Nonmiscible Flammable and

Combustible Liquids in Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers

Figure 16.4.1.3 [Figure 6.8.2(c)]Fire Protection Criteria Decision Tree for Miscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers

16.5 Fire Protection System Design Criteria16.5.1 [6.8.2] General. Tables �6.5.� though �6.�.�� [Tables 6.8.�(a) through (k)] shall be used to determine the protection criteria and storage arrangement followed for the applicable liquid class, container type, and storage configuration arrangement. Figure 6.8.�(a), Figure 6.8.�(b), and Figure 6.8.�(c) shall be used to specify protection criteria for liquid classes, container types, and storage arrangements not specifically covered in Table 6.8.�(a) through Table 6.8.�(k). 16.5.2* [new] The tables in this section shall apply only to stable liquids.16.5.1.2 [6.8.2.1] When foam or foam-water fire protection systems are provided, discharge densities shall be determined based on the listing criteria of the foam discharge devices selected, the foam concentrate, the specific liquids to be protected, and the criteria in the appropriate table in this chapter Tables 6.8.�(c), etc.. Where the discharge densities given in the tables Table 6.8.�(c) differ from those in the listing criteria for the discharge devices, the greater of the two shall be used.Exception No. �: Except as otherwise permitted in Section 6.� through Section 6.7.Exception No. �: Table 6.8.�(a) through Table 6.8.�(j) shall not apply to unstable liquids.16.5.1.3 [6.8.2.2] In-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of NFPA �3. In addition, the following modifications shall apply: NFPA �30, Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage.(A) Alternate lines of in-rack sprinklers shall be staggered vertically in the longitudinal flue space.(B) Sprinklers in multiple-level sprinkler systems shall be provided with water shields unless they are separated by horizontal barriers or are specifically listed for installation without water shields.(C) A vertical clear space of at least �50 mm (6 in.) shall be maintained

between the sprinkler deflector and the top of the tier of storage.(D) Sprinkler discharge shall not be obstructed by horizontal rack structural members.(E) Where in-rack sprinklers are installed below horizontal barriers, the deflector shall be located a maximum of 7 in. below the barrier.(F) Longitudinal and transverse flue spaces of at least �50 mm (6 in.) shall be maintained between each rack load.16.5.1.4 [6.8.2.3] Ceiling sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, and shall be permitted to have the following maximum head spacing:(1) Classes I, II, and IIIA liquids: 9.3 m� (�00 ft�) per sprinkler(2) Class IIIB liquids: ��.� m� (��0 ft�) per sprinkler16.5.1.4.1 [6.8.2.3.1] If ordinary or intermediate temperature–rated K-�5 extended-coverage sprinklers are used, the maximum area per sprinkler shall be governed by the listing of the sprinkler, rather than by the limitations of �6.5.�.4.16.5.1.5 [6.8.2.5] Water-based fire protection systems shall be inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with NFPA �5, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems.16.5.1.6 [6.8.2.6] The ceiling heights given in Tables �6.5.�.� through �6.5.�.�� [Tables 6.8.�(a) through Table 6.8.�(k)] shall be permitted to be increased by a maximum of �0 percent if an equivalent percent increase in ceiling sprinkler design density is provided.16.5.1.7 [6.8.2.7] Low-expansion foam-water sprinkler systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA �6, Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems.l16.5.1.7.1 Foam-water sprinkler systems The system shall have at least �5 minutes of foam concentrate, based on the required design flow rate.16.5.1.7.2* [6.8.2.8] Foam-water sprinkler systems shall provide foam solution to operating sprinklers with four sprinklers flowing.16.5.2 Fire Protection System Design Criteria Tables16.5.2.1 Table �6.5.�.� [Table 6.8.�(a)] shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection (b) single- or double-row rack storage(c) nonmiscible liquids, miscible liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume (d) metal containers, metal portable tanks, metal intermediate bulk containers(e) relieving- or nonrelieving-style container

Table 16.5.2.1 [Table 6.8.2(a)]

16.5.2.2 Table �6.5.�.� shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection (b) piled or palletized storage(c) nonmiscible liquids, miscible liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume(d) metal containers, metal portable tanks, metal intermediate bulk containers(e) relieving- or nonrelieving-style container

Table 16.5.2.2 [Table 6.8.2(b)]

16.5.2.3 Table �6.5.�.3 shall apply to the following:(a) foam water sprinkler protection (b) single- or double-row rack storage(c) nonmiscible liquids, miscible liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume (d) metal containers, metal portable tanks, metal intermediate bulk containers(e) relieving- or nonrelieving-style container

Table 16.5.2.3 [Table 6.8.2(c)]

16.5.2.4 Table �6.5.�.4 shall apply to the following:(a) foam water sprinkler protection (b) piled or palletized storage(c) nonmiscible liquids, miscible liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume (d) metal containers, metal portable tanks, metal intermediate bulk containers(e) relieving- or nonrelieving-style container

Table 16.5.2.4 [Table 6.8.2(d)]

16.5.2.5 Table �6.5.�.5 shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection (b) single-, double, or multiple-row rack storage(c) Class IIIB nonmiscible liquids, Class IIIB miscible liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume(d) plastic containers(e) cartoned or uncartoned

Table 16.5.2.5 [Table 6.8.2(e)]

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30

16.5.2.6 Table �6.5.�.6 shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection(b) shelf storage(c) nonmiscible liquids, miscible liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume(d) metal containers

Table 16.5.2.6 [Table 6.8.2(f)]

16.5.2.7 Table �6.5.�.7 shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection (b) single- or double-row rack storage(c) water-miscible liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume(d) plastic containers(e) cartoned or uncartoned

Table 16.5.2.7 [Table 6.8.2(g)][Replace “Scheme A” w/ Reference to 16.6.1]

16.5.2.8 Table �6.5.�.8 shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection (b) single- or double-row rack storage or piled or palletized storage(c) nonmiscible Class IB, IC, II, or IIIA liquids or miscible Class IB, IC, II, or IIIA liquids with concentration of flammable/combustible component greater than 50% by volume(d) relieving-style metal containers

Table 16.5.2.8 [Table 6.8.2(h)][revise table to add column for minimum aisle width]

16.5.2.9 Table �6.5.�.9 shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection(b) piled or palletized storage(c) nonmiscible Class II or Class III liquids or miscible Class II or III liquids with concentration of combustible component greater than 50% by volume(d) rigid nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers

Table 16.5.2.9 [Table 6.8.2(i)]

16.5.2.10 Table �6.5.�.�0 shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection (b) single- or double-row rack storage(c) nonmiscible Class II or Class III liquids or miscible Class II or III liquids with concentration of combustible component greater than 50% by volume(d) rigid nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers

Table 16.5.2.10 [Table 6.8.2(j)]

16.5.2.11 Table �6.5.�.�� shall apply to the following:(a) automatic sprinkler protection (b) piled or palletized storage(c) unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs), up to 50% by volume Class IC, II, or IIIA liquid(d) metal containers

Table 16.5.2.11 [Table 6.8.2(k)]

16.6 Fire Protection System Design Schemes16.6.1 Fire Protection System Design Scheme “A”16.6.1.1 [6.8.6.1.1] Horizontal barriers of minimum �0 mm plywood of minimum �0 mm ( in.) thickness or minimum �� gauge sheet metal barriers of minimum �� gauge thickness shall be installed in accordance with Figures �6.6.�.� (a), (b), or (c) [Figures 6.8.6.�.�(a), (b) (c)], whichever is applicable. All liquids shall be located beneath a barrier. Figure 6.8.6.�.�(c) shall be used for storage of Class IIIB liquids. See also �6.6.�.�0 for liquids with flash points equal to or greater than �30 °C (450 °F).16.6.1.2 [6.8.6.1.1] In-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with Figures �6.6.�.� (a), (b), or (c) [Figures 6.8.6.�.�(a), (b) (c)], whichever is applicable.

Figure 16.6.1.1(a) [Figure 6.8.6.1.1(a)]Single-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout for Table 16.5.2.5

Figure 16.6.1.1(b) [Figure 6.8.6.1.1(b)]Double-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout for Table 16.5.2.5

Figure 16.6.1.1(c) [Figure 6.8.6.1.1(c)]Multiple-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout for Table 16.5.2.5

16.6.1.3 [6.8.6.1.1] Vertical barriers baffles shall not be provided between in-rack sprinklers.16.6.1.4 [6.8.6.1.2] In-rack sprinklers shall meet the following requirements.(A) In-rack sprinklers shall be listed or approved nominal K-8.0, ordinary

temperature–rated quick-response sprinklers(B) In-rack sprinklers shall be installed below each barrier level.(C) The in-rack sprinklers shall be designed to provide a minimum end operating head pressure of 345 kPa gauge (50 psig) out of the hydraulically most remote six sprinklers (three on two lines), if one barrier level is provided, or the most remote eight sprinklers (four on two lines), if two or more barrier levels are provided.16.6.1.5 [6.8.6.1.3] If there are adjacent rack bays of in-rack arrays not dedicated to storage of liquids, the barrier and in-rack sprinkler protection shall be extended at least �.4 m (8 ft ) beyond the area devoted to liquid storage. In addition, adjacent racks across the aisles on each side of the liquid storage shall be protected in accordance with this subsection protection scheme.16.6.1.6 [6.8.6.1.4] Ceiling sprinkler demand shall not be included in the hydraulic calculations for in-rack sprinklers.16.6.1.7 [6.8.6.1.4] Water demand at point of supply shall be calculated separately for in-rack and ceiling sprinklers and shall be based on the greater demand.16.6.1.8 [6.8.6.1.5] Ceiling sprinkler protection shall meet the following requirements. (A) The ceiling sprinkler protection shall be designed to protect the surrounding occupancy. (B) Any sprinkler type shall be acceptable for the ceiling sprinkler protection.(C) If standard spray sprinklers are used, they shall be capable of providing not less than 8.� mm/min over �70 m� (0.�0 gpm/ft� over 3000 ft�).(D) If the liquid storage does not extend to the full height of the rack, protection for commodities stored above the top horizontal barrier shall meet the requirements of NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, for the commodities stored, based on the full height of the rack.16.6.1.9 [6.8.6.1.6] Barriers shall not be required for storage of liquids with a closed-cup flash points of �30°C (450°F) or greater. If barriers are omitted, the following modifications to the protection scheme shall apply be provided:(A) Ceiling sprinkler protection shall provide a minimum density of 0.3 gpm/ft� over the most hydraulically remote �000 ft� (��.� mm/min over �80 m�), using ordinary temperature, standard-response sprinklers with a nominal K-factor equal to or greater than 8.0.(B) The ceiling sprinkler water demand and the in-rack water demand shall be balanced at their point of connection.(C) The sprinklers located at the rack face shall be staggered vertically.16.6.1.10 [6.8.6.1.7] A �900 L/min (500 gpm) hose stream allowance shall be provided.16.6.2 Fire Protection System Design Scheme “B”16.6.2.1 [6.8.6.2.1] Horizontal barriers of minimum �0 mm plywood or minimum �� gauge sheet metal shall be installed in accordance with Figures �6.6.�.� (a), (b), or (c) [Figures 6.8.6.�.�(a), (b) (c)], whichever is applicable. All liquids shall be located beneath a barrier.Plywood of minimum �0 mm ( in.) thickness or sheet metal barriers of minimum �� gauge thickness shall be installed in accordance with Figures �6.5.�.7.� (a), (b), or (c) [Figures 6.8.6.�.�(a), (b) (c)]. Figure 6.8.6.�.�(c) shall be used for storage of Class IIIB liquids.16.6.2.2 [6.8.6.2.1] In-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with Figures �6.6.�.� (a), (b), or (c) [Figures 6.8.6.�.�(a), (b) (c)], whichever is applicable.

Figure 16.6.2.1(a) [Figure 6.8.6.2.1(a)]Single-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout for Table 16.5.2.5

Figure 16.6.2.1(b) [Figure 6.8.6.2.1(b)]Double-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout for Table 16.5.2.5

Figure 16.6.2.1(c) [Figure 6.8.6.2.1(c)]Multiple-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout for Table 16.5.2.5

16.6.2.3 [6.8.6.2.1] Vertical barriers baffles shall not be provided between in-rack sprinklers.16.6.2.4 [6.8.6.2.2] In-rack sprinklers shall meet the following requirements.(A) In-rack sprinklers shall be listed or approved nominal K-8.0, ordinary temperature–rated quick-response sprinklers(B) In-rack sprinklers shall be installed below each barrier level.(C) For containers that do not exceed �30 L (60 gal) capacity and where there is only one horizontal barrier, in-rack sprinklers shall provide a minimum end operating pressure of 345 kPa gauge (50 psig) out of the hydraulically most remote six sprinklers (three on two lines), if one barrier level is provided, or the most remote eight sprinklers (four on two lines), if two or more barrier levels are provided. In-rack sprinkler system shall provide a minimum head pressure of 345 kPa gauge (50 psig) from the hydraulically most remote six sprinklers, three each on two lines. Where there are two or more horizontal barriers, the in-rack sprinkler system shall provide a minimum head pressure of 345 kPa gauge (50 psig) from the hydraulically most remote eight sprinklers, four each on two lines.(D) For containers that exceed �30 L (60 gal) capacity but do not exceed 3000 L (793 gal), the in-rack sprinklers system shall provide a minimum operating head pressure of 345 kPa gauge (50 psig) from the hydraulically most remote �� sprinklers, six each on two lines.16.6.2.5 [6.8.6.2.3] If there are adjacent rack bays or racks that are not dedicated to storage of liquids, the barrier and in-rack sprinkler system shall be

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 extended beyond the area devoted to liquid storage as follows:(A) For containers that do not exceed 3.8 L (� gal) capacity, the protection shall be extended at least �.4 m (8 ft) beyond the area devoted to liquid storage. In addition, adjacent racks across the aisles on each side of the liquid storage shall be protected in accordance with NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, for the commodity stored.(B) For containers that exceed 3.8 L (� gal) capacity, but do not exceed 3000 L (793 gal), the protection shall be extended at least �.4 m (8 ft) beyond the area devoted to liquid storage. In addition, the protection shall be extended to protect adjacent racks across the aisles on each side of the liquid storage.16.6.2.6 [6.8.6.2.4] Ceiling sprinklers protection for containers that do not exceed 3.8 L (� gal) capacity shall meet the following requirements. (A) The ceiling sprinklers protection shall be designed to protect the surrounding occupancy.(B) The ceiling sprinkler water demand shall not be included in the hydraulic calculations for the in-rack sprinkler protection.(C) Water demand at the point of supply shall be calculated separately for the in-rack and ceiling sprinklers protection and shall be based on the greater of the two.(D) Any sprinkler type shall be acceptable for the ceiling sprinkler protection. If standard spray sprinklers are used, they shall be capable of providing not less than 8.� L/min over �70 m� (0.�0 gpm/ft� over 3000 ft�).(E) If the liquid storage does not extend to the full height of the rack, protection for commodities stored above the top horizontal barrier shall meet the requirements of NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, for the commodities stored, based on the full height of the rack. 16.6.2.7 [ 6.8.6.2.5] Ceiling sprinklers protection for containers that exceed 3.8 L (� gal) capacity, but do not exceed �30 L (60 gal), shall meet the following requirements:(A) The ceiling sprinkler protection shall provide a minimum density of �8.3 mm/min over the most hydraulically remote �70 m� (0.45 gpm/ft� over 3000 ft�), using high-temperature, standard-response sprinklers of nominal K-factor of 8.0 or ��.� or greater. Other types of sprinklers shall not be used.(B) The ceiling sprinkler water demand and the in-rack sprinkler demand shall be balanced at the point of connection.16.6.2.8 [6.8.6.2.6] Ceiling sprinklers protection for containers that exceed �30 L (60 gal) capacity, but do not exceed 3000 L (793 gal), shall meet the following:(A) The ceiling sprinklers protection shall be designed to provide a minimum density of �4.4mm/min over the most remote �70 m� (0.60 gpm/ft� over 3000 ft�), using high-temperature-rated, standard-response sprinklers of nominal K-factor of 8.0 or ��.� or greater. Other types of sprinklers shall not be used accepted.(B) The ceiling sprinkler water demand and the in-rack sprinkler demand shall be balanced at the point of connection.16.6.2.9 [6.8.6.2.7] A �900 L/min (500 gpm) hose stream allowance shall be provided.16.6.3 Fire Protection System Design Scheme “C”16.6.3.1 [6.8.6.3] In-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with Figures �6.6.3.� (a), (b), (c), (d), or (e) [Figures 6.8.6.3(a), (b), (c), (d), or (e)], whichever is applicable.

Figure 16.6.3.1 [Figure 6.8.6.3(a)]

Figure 16.6.3.2 [Figure 6.8.6.3(b)]

Figure 16.6.3.3 [Figure 6.8.6.3(c)]

Figure 16.6.3.4 [Figure 6.8.6.3(d)]

Figure 16.6.3.5 [Figure 6.8.6.3(e)]

16.7 [6.8.4] Water Supply. Water supplies for automatic sprinklers, other water-based protection systems, hose streams, and hydrants shall be capable of supplying the anticipated water flow demand for a minimum of � hours.16.8 [6.8.5] Containment and Drainage. Containment and drainage shall be provided in accordance with Figure 6.8.5, when protection systems are installed in accordance with the provisions of Table 6.8.�(a) through Table 16.9 [6.8.3] Other Automatic Fire Protection Systems. Alternate fire protection systems, such as automatic water spray systems, automatic water mist systems, high-expansion foam systems, dry chemical extinguishing systems, alternate sprinkler system configurations, or combinations of systems shall be permitted if approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Such alternate systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the appropriate NFPA standard and with manufacturer’s recommendations for the system(s) selected. Substantiation: The proposed new Chapter �6 incorporates the new HazMat template, which establishes a standard format for all NFPA Technical Committee documents dealing with storage, handling, and use of hazardous materials. The proposed new chapter also includes changes that are intended to correlate NFPA 30’s requirements for container storage (including intermediate bulk containers and portable tanks) with the provisions of NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. Committee Meeting Action: Accept

Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-85 Log #3 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept in Principle (6.8.1.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Joshy Paul Kallungal, Office of the Fire Marshal Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 6.8.�.� Where different classes of liquids, container types and storage configurations are stored in the same protected area, protection shall meet: a) the requirements of Section 6.8 for the most severe storage fire hazard present; or b) Where areas are not physically separated by a barrier or partition capable of delaying heat from a fire in one hazard area from fusing sprinklers in the adjacent hazard area, the required protection for the more demanding hazard shall” �) extend 4.6 m (�5 ft) beyond its perimeter and; �) suitable means shall be provided to prevent the flow of burning liquids under emergency conditions into adjacent hazard areas. Substantiation: The current requirements in 6.8.�.� provides no flexibility in providing protection levels when two or more different levels of storage hazards are located in areas that are not physically separated from each other. Such conditions do exist in practice. Where the area in question has (say) only two storage hazard levels and the area occupied by the higher hazards storage is fairly small in comparison to the lower hazard storage area, protecting the entire area with the requirements for the most severe storage fire hazard (as currently required) could be very onerous and possibly unnecessary to achieve the objectives envisioned by Section �.� of NFPA 30. The proposal will provide a cost effective means (yet not reducing the intended fire safety) to address such situations in a similar manner to that is found in Section ��.�.5 of NFPA �3, �00� edition, with appropriate modification to address spill control issues associated with flammable and combustible liquids. It should be noted that NFPA �3 refers to NFPA 30 for protection criteria for flammable and combustible storage. Even though NFPA �3 addresses the issue of adjacent occupancies (hazards) there is a need to specifically address similar requirements in NFPA 30. The proposal also addresses the issue of spill control and containment, which is not usually an issue that NFPA �3 needs to address when dealing with solid commodities such as any Class I to Class IV commodities. Where the liquids are either water miscible or have densities higher than water, the hazard of flowing burning liquids to adjoining areas is not likely to be a concern. Therefore, the performance language used in proposed Section 6.8.�.�.b(�), would essentially apply only where the products stored in the high hazard storage area are lighter than water and are non-miscible liquids. The proposal continues to keep the current requirement as one of the two options, thus having little or no impact on existing facilities. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle Revise 6.8.�.� to read: “6.8.�.� Where different classes of liquids, container types, and storage configurations are stored in the same protected area, protection shall meet: a) the requirements of Section 6.8 for the most severe storage fire hazard present; or b) Where areas are not physically separated by a barrier or partition capable of delaying heat from a fire in one hazard area from fusing sprinklers in the adjacent hazard area, the required protection for the more demanding hazard shall” �) extend �0 ft beyond its perimeter, but not less than the required minimum sprinkler design area, and; �) suitable means shall be provided to prevent the flow of burning liquids under emergency conditions into adjacent hazard areas and shall provide containment and drainage as required by 6.8.5. ” Committee Statement: The Technical Committee agrees with the proposal, but has made changes to clarify the intent of the requirement. Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-86 Log #CP5� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.8.1.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Delete the first sentence of 6.8.�.�. Substantiation: This text is not necessary. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58).

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________________________________________________________________ 30-87 Log #CP54 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.8.2.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Add a new 6.8.�.3 to read: “ All in-rack sprinklers shall have water shields except those installed in the center longitudinal flue when protected from water above by a horizontal barrier above. ” Renumber accordingly. Substantiation: Necessary clarification. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Negative: � Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Negative: RIVERS, D.: The requirement conflicts with the exception in 6.8.�.�(�) that only requires water shields for multiple level of in-rack sprinklers. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). Comment on Affirmative: NELSON, B.: My minor comment is that this proposal applies to Section 6.8.�.�, not Section 6.8.�.3 as indicated on the proposal. ________________________________________________________________ 30-88 Log #CP45 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.8.2.3.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace the current text of 6.8.�.3.� to read: “ Ordinary or intermediate temperature-rated K-�5 extended coverage sprinklers shall be permitted to be used as a standard response sprinkler at greater than �44 ft � with ��-ft minimum spacing and a maximum coverage area of �96 ft � spacing. “ Substantiation: The K-�5EC sprinkler is listed as a standard response sprinkler when used at its listed spacing of �96 ft � . The sprinkler itself uses a fast response link to achieve the standard response at the extended spacing. This sprinkler should only be used as a standard response sprinkler at its extended spacing. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-89 Log #CP55 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.8.2.8) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Revise 6.8.�.8 to read: “Foam-water sprinkler systems shall provide foam solution at the minimum required concentration to operating sprinklers with as few as four sprinklers flowing.” Substantiation: The revised wording accurately reflects the intent of this requirement. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-90 Log #�0 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept in Part (6.8.2(c)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: T. Gayle Pennel, Schirmer Engineering Corporation Recommendation: Change Figure 6.8.�(c), and add table 6.8.�(l) as follows, to incorporate recent full scale fire tests for palletized storage of 80% water miscible flammable liquids stored in 8 ounce plastic containers.

Substantiation: The proposed changes are justified by two recent full scale fire tests conducted at Underwriter’s laboratories on May �5, �00�. A summary of the test and test results are attached. A copy of the Underwriter’s Laboratories fire test report is also attached. The test commodity was 80% by volume denatured alcohol, packaged in 8-ounce plastic containers in cardboard cartons., Each carton contains 4 rows of ��, or 48, 8-ounce units. On each pallet load, there are 6 cartons per tier, 6 tiers

Table 4.8.�(l) Water Sprinkler protection of Bulk or Palletized Storage in Glass or Plastic Containers (for Miscible Liquids with Flammable Liquid Concentration < 80%)

Liquid Class

Container Size and

Arrangement (gal)

Maximum Storage

Height (ft)

Maximum ceiling

Height (ft)

Ceiling

Notes

Fire Test Ref. cSprinkler Type Density

(gpm/ft�)Design

Area (ft�)bNominal K-factor

Responsea

IA, IB, IC, II, IIIA or IIIB

<�/8 5 feet 38��.� QR 0.47 �000 S6��4.0 ESDR 75 psi �� spklrs S6��5.� ESFR �5 psi �� spklrs S6�

For SI units, � gal = 3.8 L; � ft = 0.3 m; � ft� = 0.90 m�; � gpm/ft� = 40.7 L/min/m�.Notes:a ESFR = �55° Early Suppression Fast Response and QR = �55° quick response, where both are listed.b Ceiling sprinklers �55° temperature.c See table D.�(b) for references to fire tests on which the protection criteria given in this table are based.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 per pallet (36 cartons per pallet). This is a total of approximately �08 gallons of flammable liquid per pallet. The pallet height was 4’-9. The ceiling was 38’ high. The samples were arranged in a 4x4 array, one level high, with a 6-inch ± flue space separation. Single row target storage were placed across an 8-foot aisle on three sides of the main storage array. Diagrams are included in the attached test summary. The test configuration was ignited using a � gallon plastic bag of alcohol located between 4 sprinklers. the resulting fire was successfullycontrolled by • K= ��.0 large orifice quick response �55°F upright sprinklers. Four sprinklers operating in test �, three sprinklers operated in test �. • Sprinkler spacing at �00 sq. ft. (�0x�0) • Design density for test � was.60 gpm per sq. ft. The design density for test two was 0.47 gpm per sq. ft. The protection criteria submitted has been extended to include glass containers, and ESFR sprinklers designed for a 40-ft roof (75 psi K-�4, �5 psi K-�5). The inclusion of ESFR sprinklers is appropriate because they have similar operating characteristics to quick response sprinklers, at more than double the test density, and a maximum of 4 sprinklers operated in tests. Note: Supporting material is available for review at NFPA Headquarters. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Part Delete from the Table any references to Class IA liquids and to ESFR sprinklers. Committee Statement: The Technical Committee is not confident that the results of a control mode fire test can be extrapolated to predict outcome of a suppression mode system and does not want to set a precedent of equivalence. Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). Comment on Affirmative: RIVERS, D.: The Table 4.8.�(�) indicates container size of �/8 gallon (�6 oz). The tests were conducted on 8 oz containers (�/�6 gal). Is there an error in the table? ________________________________________________________________ 30-9� Log #5� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept in Principle (6.8.2(e)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Jeffrey M. Shapiro, International Code Consultants Recommendation: Revise text and add text as follows:

Also Annex D, Table D.�(e), add text as follows:

Also, Section 6.8.6.3 and Figure 6.8.6.3(a), add new text and a new figure as follows and renumber the remaining sections: 6.8.6.3 Fire Protection Scheme C. 6.8.6.3.� Plywood of minimum �0 mm (3/8 in.) or sheet metal of minimum �� gauge barriers and in-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with Figure 6.8.6.3.�(a). Vertical baffles shall not be provided between in-rack

sprinklers. 6.8.6.3.� Listed or approved K-8.0, ordinary temperature-rated quick-response in-rack sprinklers shall be installed below each barrier level. The in-rack sprinklers shall be designed to provide a minimum end head pressure of 96.5 kPa gauge (�4 psig) out of the hydraulically most remote six sprinklers (three on two lines) if one barrier level, or the most remote eight sprinklers (four on two lines) if two or more barrier levels, are provided. 6.8.6.3.3 If there are adjacent bays of in-rack arrays not dedicated to storage of liquids, the barrier and in-rack sprinkler protection shall be extended at least �.4 m (8 ft) beyond the area devoted to liquid storage. 6.8.6.3.4 Ceiling sprinkler demand shall not be included in the hydraulic calculations for in-rack sprinklers. Water demand at point of supply shall be calculated separately for in-rack ceiling sprinklers and shall be based on the greater demand. 6.8.6.3.5 Ceiling sprinkler protection shall meet the following: (�) The ceiling sprinkler protection shall be designed to protect the surrounding occupancy. (�) Any sprinkler type shall be acceptable for the ceiling sprinkler protection. (3) If standard spray sprinklers are used, they shall be capable of providing not less than 8.� L/min over �70 m� (0.�0 gpm/ft� over 3000 ft�). (4) If the liquid storage does not extend to the full height of the rack, protection for commodities stored above the top horizontal barrier shall meet the requirements of NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, for the commodities stored, based on the full height of the rack. 6.8.6.3.6 A �900 L/min (500 gpm) hose stream allowance shall be provided.

See Figure 6.8.6.3(a) on the next page

Also, Figures 6.8.�(b) and 6.8.�(c) revise the heading as follows: Figure 6.8.�(b) Fire Protection Criteria Decision Tree for Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Nonmetallic Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers and Portable Tanks . Figure 6.8.�(c) Fire Protection Criteria Decision Tree for Water-Miscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Nonmetallic Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers and Portable Tanks . Also, add a definition and annex note as follows: 3.3.7.�* Nonmetallic Portable Tank. A portable tank as herein defined, constructed of glass, plastic, fiber or a material other than metal. A.3.3.7.� Permissible nonmetallic containers for shipping Class I, II, or IIIA liquids are governed by hazardous materials transportation regulations promulgated by the United Nations – United States Department of Transportation (UN-DOT). Small tanks for Class IIIB liquids are not governed by UN-DOT hazardous materials regulations. Fiber portable tanks for Class IIIB liquids include composite designs consisting of a multi-ply cardboard box with a rigid or flexible plastic bladder.

Table 6.8.�(e) Water Sprinkler Protection for Single-, Double-, and Multi-Row Open Frame Rack Storage of Class IIIB Liquids in Plastic Nonmetallic Containers and Portable Tanks (for Nonmiscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids or Miscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids with Concentration >50% of volume)

Liquid Type or Closed-

Cup Flash Point (°F)

Container or Portable

Tank Size(gal)

Maximum Building

or Ceiling Height

Packaging TypeMaximum

Storage height

Minimum Aisle Width

(ft)Rack Width

Sprinkler Protection Criteria

Ceiling Sprinkler

Type

Fire Protection Scheme

Fire Test Ref†

≥200≤5 Unlimited

Plastic, car-toned or uncar-

tonedUnlimited 4 Any Any

Scheme A (see 6.8.6.�) �

≥400 ≤275 30

Composite, 8 layer

corrugated cardboard

intermediatebulk

containerwith a

flexibleplastic liner

�8 8

�

≤9 Any Scheme C (see 6.8.6.3)

�

Note: For SI units, � gal = 3.8 L; � ft = 0.3 m.†See Table D.�(e) for reference to the fire test on which the protection criteria given in this table are based.

Table D.�(e) Summary of Fire Test References for Table 6.8.�(e)

Ref No. Technical Justification and Test Identifier in Directory� Results of Tests P-�� through P-3�� Results of Tests (to be determined)

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Also, revise Section 6.5.�.3 as follows: 6.5.�.3 Basic Requirements. Class IB and IC liquids in containers of 5 L (�.3 gal) or less capacity, Class II liquids in containers of �0 L (5.3 L) or less capacity, and Class III A liquids in containers of �30 L (60 gal) or less capacity , and Class IIIB liquids in containers or portable tanks of �04� L (�75 gal() or less capacity shall be permitted to be stored in warehouses that handle combustible commodities, as defined in NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, provided that the liquid storage area is protected with automatic sprinklers in accordance with either �) The provisions of NFPA �3 for 6m (�0 ft) high storage of Class IV commodities , or �) The provisions of Section 6.8 for protection of flammable and combustible liquids. and t T he quantities and height of liquid storage are limited to the following: (�) Class IA liquids: not permitted (�) Class IB and IC liquids: �500 L (660 gal), maximum �.5 m (5 ft)high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above. (3) Class II liquid: 5�00 L (�375 gal), maximum �.5 m (5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above. (4) Class IIIA liquid: �0,400 L (�750 gal), maximum 3 m (�0 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 3 m (�0 ft) (5) Class IIIB liquid: 5�,000 L (�3,750 gal), maximum 4.6 m (�5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 4.6 m (�5 ft). Substantiation: Change to Table 6.8.�(e), Table D.�(e) and Section 6.8.6.3: This proposal modifies Table 6.8.�(e), Table D.�(e) and adds a new Section 6.8.6.3 to incorporate new protection criteria for rack storage of Class IIIB liquids in cardboard intermediate bulk containers. This packaging system has been used for transportation and storage of Class IIIB liquids, such as motor oil. However, no full-scale tests had previously been conducted to determine an appropriate fire-protection scheme, and NFPA 30 has thereby been unable to specify suitable protection criteria. The criteria recommended by this proposal for inclusion as a new Scheme “C” in Section 6.8.6.3 are based on the results of successful full-scale test that used motor oil as a commodity. The test, which was completed in �004, was sponsored by Shell Lubricants in cooperation with SpaceKraft Following a series of four full-scale tests that were conducted for the purpose of identifying a suitable bag-in-box protection scheme for inclusion in NFPA 30, an additional test using a successful bag-in-box protection scheme was conducted with a composite cardboard/plastic liner intermediate bulk container ( a copy of the test report has been provided as an attachment to this proposal and a presentation on the test series will be provided for the technical committee at the ROP meeting). The test demonstrated that rack storage of Class IIIB liquids in composite cardboard/plastic liner intermediate bulk containers can be successfully protected using a protection scheme that provides: �) In rack and face sprinklers at every other level (Standard temperature/quick response/K=8.0) designed to discharge at 30 gpm/sprinkler, with flue spacing of nominal 4-foot on center and face spacing at rack uprights) �) In rack barriers installed above every other level

The fire test serving as the basis for this proposal was controlled by a total of three in-rack sprinklers in less than four minutes, and the fire was essentially extinguished in less than five minutes with no loss of contents. No ceiling sprinklers operated during the test. Change to Figures 6.8.�(b) and (c) and Section 3.3.7: The changes to the titles of Figures 6.8.�(b) and (c) are recommended to eliminate ambiguity associated with the term Fiberboard. The term Fiberboard is commonly used in commerce to describe everything from cardboard to building materials, such as Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF). However, when using the term with respect to packaging for Class I, II or IIIA liquids, Fiberboard has a much more limited meaning based on UN-DOT rules governing container and IBC construction. The potential for misinterpretation is significant because NFPA 30 provides no guidance with respect to the intended use of the term. To reduce the potential for misinterpretation of the term Fiberboard and to ensure coordination between the protection criteria flowcharts and their referenced tables, it is recommended that the headings for Figures 6.8.�(b) and (c) be changed by replacing the terms Glass, Plastic and Fiberboard with a defined term Nonmetallic portable tank. The proposed definition for this term encompasses plastic and fiber portable tanks, and guidance regarding acceptable container types is proposed for inclusion as annex material. The term Portable Tank has been added to the figure title to specifically accommodate incorporation of protection criteria for composite cardboard/plastic intermediate bulk containers (IBC) in Table 6.8.�(e). It is noted that this change is also needed to accommodate IBC protection Tables 6.8.�(i) and (j), which are already referenced by Figures 6.8.�(b) and (c). Change to Section 6.5.�.3: The change to Section 6.5.�.3 is proposed to clarify that it is permissible to place liquid storage in a general purpose warehouse when protection for such storage complies with either the provisions of NFPA �3 or the provisions of NFPA 30, which are different than, but are superior to, NFPA �3, with respect to protection of liquid storage. This change will allow an occupant to designate a section of a general purpose warehouse for limited liquid storage and to upgrade this area to NFPA 30 requirements if desired, rather than being forced to use the lesser protection specified by NFPA �3, which is currently mandated by Section 6.5.�.3. This section has also been revised to permit storage of Class IIIB combustible liquids in general purpose warehouses in portable tanks not exceeding �75 gallons in capacity. Given the difficulty in igniting Class IIIB liquids and the presence of sprinklers in these facilities, the proposed vessel capacity limit is reasonable. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle (1) Revise Table 6.8.2 (e) as follows:See the next page for Table 6.8.2(e)

Table 6.8.2(e) Water Sprinkler Protection for Single-, Double-, and Multi-Row Open Frame Rack Storage of Class IIIB Liquids in Plastic

Nonmetallic Containers and Portable Tanks (for Nonmiscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids or Miscible Flammable and Combustible

Liquids with Concentration >50% of volume)(2) Revise Table D.2(e) as follows:

Table D.2 (e) Summary of Fire Test References for Table 6.8.2 (e)

Ref No.Technical Justification and Test

Identifier in Directory� Results of Tests P-�� through P-3�� Results of Tests (to be determined)

(3) Add a new Section 6.8.6.3 and Figures 6.8.6.3(a), (b), and (c) as follows and renumber accordingly.6.8.6.3 Fire Protection Scheme C.6.8.6.3.1 Plywood of minimum 10 mm (3⁄8 in.) or sheet metal of minimum �� gauge barriers and in-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with Figure 6.8.6.3.�(a), 6.8.6.3.� (b) or 6.8.6.3.� (c). Vertical baffles shall not be provided between in-rack sprinklers.6.8.6.3.2 Listed or approved K-8.0, ordinary temperature–rated quick-response in-rack sprinklers shall be installed below each barrier level. The in-rack sprin-klers shall be designed to provide a minimum end head pressure of 96.5 kPa gauge (�4 psig) out of the hydraulically most remote six sprinklers (three on two lines) if one barrier level, or the most remote eight sprinklers (four on two lines) if two or more barrier levels, are provided.6.8.6.3.3 If there are adjacent bays of in-rack arrays not dedicated to storage of liquids, the barrier and in-rack sprinkler protection shall be extended at least �.4 m (8 ft) beyond the area devoted to liquid storage. 6.8.6.3.4 Ceiling sprinkler demand shall not be included in the hydraulic calculations for in-rack sprinklers. Water demand at point of supply shall be calculated separately for in-rack and ceiling sprinklers and shall be based on the greater demand.6.8.6.3.5 Ceiling sprinkler protection shall meet the following:(�) The ceiling sprinkler protection shall be designed to protect the surrounding occupancy.(�) Any sprinkler type shall be acceptable for the ceiling sprinkler protection.(3) If standard spray sprinklers are used, they shall be capable of providing not less than 8.� L/min over �70 m� (0.�0 gpm/ft� over 3000 ft�).(4) If the liquid storage does not extend to the full height of the rack, protection for commodities stored above the top horizontal barrier shall meet the require-ments of NFPA�3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, for the

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30

Liquid Type

or Closed-

Cup Flash Point (°F)

Container or

Portable Tank Size (gal)

Maximum Building

or Ceiling Height

Packaging Type

Maximum Storage Height

Minimum Aisle

Width (ft)

Rack Width

Sprinkler Protection Criteria

Ceiling Sprinkler

Type

Fire Protection

Scheme

Fire Test

Ref.†

≥200 ≤5 Unlimited

Plastic,cartoned

oruncartoned

Unlimited 4 Any AnyScheme A

(see 6.8.6.1)

1

≥ 375 ≤275 Unlimited

Flexible plastic liner

inside a composite, continuous-

ly wound 8 layer

corrugated paperboard intermedi-

ate bulk container,

not less than 8 lay-ers thick

with a minimum nominal thickness

of 1½ in at the center of any side

panel

Unlimited 8 Any AnyScheme C

(see 6.8.6.3)

2

Note: For SI units, � gal = 3.8 L; � ft = 0.3 m.†See Table D.�(e) for reference to the fire test on which the protection criteria given in this table are based.

Table 6.8.2(e) Water Sprinkler Protection for Single-, Double-, and Multi-Row Open Frame Rack Storage of Class IIIB Liquids in Plastic

Nonmetallic Containers and Portable Tanks (for Nonmiscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids or Miscible Flammable and Combustible

Liquids with Concentration >50% of volume)

30-5�

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 commodities stored, based on the full height of the rack.6.8.6.3.6 A �900 L/min (500 gpm) hose stream allowance shall be provided.Plan View (Option �) (Barrier required above highest tier of liquid storage)Plan View (Option �) (Barrier required above highest tier of liquid storage)Figure 6.8.6.3(a) Single-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout Figure 6.8.6.3(b) Double-Row Rack Sprinkler LayoutFigure 6.8.6.3(c) Multiple-Row Rack Sprinkler Layout(4) Revise the headings of Figures 6.8.2 (b) and 6.8.2 (c) as follows:FIGURE 6.8.�(b) Fire Protection Criteria Decision Tree for Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Nonmetallic Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers and Portable Tanks.FIGURE 6.8.�(c) Fire Protection Criteria Decision Tree for Water-Miscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Nonmetallic Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers and Portable Tanks. (5) Add a new definition and annex note as follows:3.3.7.2* Nonmetallic Portable Tank. A portable tank as herein defined, con-structed of plastic, fiber or a material other than metal.A3.3.7.2 Permissible nonmetallic portable tanks for shipping Class I, II or IIIA liquids are governed by hazardous materials transportation regulations pro-mulgated by the United Nations – United States Department of Transportation (UN-DOT). Small tanks for Class IIIB liquids are not governed by UN-DOT hazardous materials regulations. Fiber portable tanks for Class IIIB liquids include composite designs consisting of a multi-ply corrugated box with a rigid or flexible plastic bladder.(6) Revise Section 6.5.2.3 as follows:6.5.2.3 Basic Requirements. Class IB and IC liquids in containers of 5 L (�.3 gal) or less capacity, Class II liquids in containers of �0 L (5.3 L) or less capac-ity, and Class IIIA liquids in containers of �30 L (60 gal) or less capacity, and Class IIIB liquids in containers or portable tanks of �04� L (�75 gal) or less capacity shall be permitted to be stored in warehouses that handle combustible commodities, as defined in NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, provided that the storage area for liquids is protected with automatic sprinklers in accordance with either �) The provisions of NFPA �3 for �0 ft (6 m) high storage of Class IV commodities, or �) The provisions of Section 6.8 for protection of flammable and combustible liquids. and t The quantities and height of liquid storage are limited to the following:(�) Class IA liquids: not permitted(�) Class IB and IC liquids: �500 L (660 gal), maximum �.5 m (5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above(3) Class II liquid: 5�00 L(�375 gal), maximum �.5m(5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above(4) Class IIIA liquid: �0,400 L (�750 gal), maximum 3 m (�0 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 3 m (�0 ft)(5) Class IIIB liquid: 5�,000 L (�3,750 gal), maximum 4.6 m (�5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 4.6 m (�5 ft)(7) Also, Tables 6.8.2 (g), 6.8.2 (i) and 6.8.2 (j), Add a footnote to each table as follows with the footnote reference appearing at the end of the each table’s title:

Table 6.8.� (g) Note: “b. For Class IIIB liquids, also see Table 6.8.� (e).”Table 6.8.� (i) Note: “g. For Class IIIB liquids, also see Table 6.8.� (e).”Table 6.8.� (j) Note: “e. For Class IIIB liquids, also see Table 6.8.� (e).”

(8) In Annex D.4.1 and Annex Table D.4(a), revise references to “Scheme C” to “Scheme D”). Committee Statement: Some changes have been made for clarity. Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: SCHEFFEY, J.: I was a consultant on the project which developed the test data for the proposals. TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). _______________________________________________________________ 30-9� Log #5� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept in Principle (Table 6.8.2(e), Table D.2(e), 6.8.6.3, Figures 6.8.2(b) and (c), 3.3.7, and 6.5.2.3) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Jeffrey M. Shapiro, International Code Consultants Recommendation: Revise text and add text as follows: See the next page for Table 6.8.2(e)

Also Annex D, Table D.�(e), add text as follows: See the next page for Table D.2(e) Also, Section 6.8.6.3 and Figure 6.8.6.3(a), add new text and a new figure as follows and renumber the remaining sections:

6.8.6.3 Fire Protection Scheme C. 6.8.6.3.� Plywood of minimum �0 mm (3/8 in.) or sheet metal of minimum �� gauge barriers and in-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with Figure 6.8.6.3.�(a). Vertical baffles shall not be provided between in-rack sprinklers. 6.8.6.3.� Listed or approved K-8-0, ordinary temeprature-rated quick-response in-rack sprinklers shall be installed below each barrier level. The in-rack sprinklers shall be designed to provide a minimum end head pressure of 96.5 kPa gauge (�4 psig) out of the hydraulically most remote six sprinklers (three on two lines) if one barrier level, or the most remote eight sprinklers (four on two lines) if two or more barrier levels, are provided. 6.8.6.3.3 If there are adjacent bays of in-rack arrays not dedicated to storage of liquids, the barrier and in-rack sprinkler protection shall be extended at least �.4 m (8 ft) beyond the area devoted to liquid storage. 6.8.6.3.4 Ceiling sprinkler demand shall not be included in the hydraulic calculations for in-rack sprinklers. Water demand at point of supply shall be calculated separately for in-rack ceiling sprinklers and shall be based on the greater demand. 6.8.6.3.5 Ceiling sprinkler protection shall meet the following: (�) The ceiling sprinkler protection shall be designed to protect the surrounding occupancy. (�) Any sprinkler type shall be acceptable for the ceiling sprinkler protection. (3) If standard spray sprinklers are used, they shall be capable of providing not less than 8.� L/min over �70 m� (0.�0 gpm/ft� over 3000 ft�). (4) If the liquid storage does not extend to the full height of the rack, protection for commodities stored above the top horizontal barrier shall meet the requirements of NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, for the commodities stored, based on the full height of the rack. See Figure 6.8.6.3(c) on the next page 6.8.6.3.6 A �900 L/min (500 gpm) hose stream allowance shall be provided. Also, Figures 6.8.�(b) and 6.8.�(c) revise the heading as follows: Figure 6.8.�(b) Fire Protection Criteria Decision tree for Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Nonmetallic Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers. Figure 6.8.�(c) Fire Protection Criteria Decision tree for Water-Miscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids in Nonmetallic Glass, Plastic, or Fiberboard Containers. Also, add a definition and annex note as follows: 3.3.7.�* Nonmetallic Container. A container as herein defined, constructed of glass, plastic, fiber or a material other than metal. A.3.3.7.� Permissible nonmetallic containers for shipping Class I, II, or IIIA liquids are governed by hazardous materials transportation regulations promulgated by the United Nations – United States Department of Transportation (Un-DOT). Containers for Class IIIB liquids are not governed by UN-DOT hazardous materials regulations. Fiber containers for Class IIIB liquids include composite designs consisting of a cardboard box with a flexible plastic bladder, which is commonly referred to as a “bag-in-box” container. Also, revise Section 6.5.�.3 as follows: 6.5.�.3 Basic Requirements. Class IB and IC liquids in containers of 5 L (�.3 gal) or less capacity, Class II liquids in containers of �0 L (5.3 L) or less capacity, and Class III liquids in containers of �30 L (60 gal) or less capacity shall be permitted to be stored in warehouses that handle combustible commodities, as defined in NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, provided that the liquid storage area is protected with automatic sprinklers in accordance with either �) The provisions of NFPA �3 for 6m (�0 ft) high storage of Class IV commodities , or �) The provisions of Section 6.8 for protection of flammable and combustible liquids. and t T he quantities and height of liquid storage are limited tot he following: (�) Class IA liquids: not permitted (�) Class IB and IC liquids: �500 L (660 gal), maximum �.5 m (5 ft) (3) Class II liquid: 5�00 L (�375 gal), maximum �.5 m (5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above. (4) Class IIIA liquid: �0,400 (�750 gal), maximum 3 m (�0 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 3 m (�0 ft) (5) Class IIIB liquids: 5�,000 L (�3,750 gal), maximum 4.6 m (�5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 4.6 m (�5 ft). Substantiation: Change to Table 6.8.�(e), Table D.�(8e) and Section 6.8.6.3: This proposal modifies table 6.8.�(e), Table D.�(e) and adds a new Section 6.8.6.3 to incorporate new protection criteria for rack storage of Class IIIB liquids in cardboard bag-in-box style containers. This packaging system has been used for transportation and storage of Class IIIB liquids, such as cooking oil, for many years. However, no full-scale tests had previously been conducted to determine an appropriate fire-protection scheme, and NFPA 30 has thereby been unable to specify suitable protection criteria. The criteria recommended by this proposal for inclusion as a new Scheme “C” in Section 6.8.6.3 are based on the results of successful bag-in-box test series that used motor oil as a commodity. The tests, which were completed in �004, were spronsored by Shell Lubricants. Four full-scale tests were conducted for the purpose of identifying a suitable protection scheme for inclusion in NFPA 30 ( a copy of the test report is provided as an attachment to this proposal and a presentation on the test series will be provided for the technical committee at the ROP meeting).

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Table 6.8.�(e) Water Sprinkler Protection for Single-, Double-, and Multi-Row Open Frame Rack Storage of Class IIIB Liquids in Plastic Nonmetallic Containers (for Nonmiscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids or Miscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids with Concentration >50% of volume)

Liquid Type or Closed-

Cup Flash Point (°F)

Container Size(gal)

Maximum Building

or Ceiling Height

Packaging Type

Maximum Storage height

Minimum Aisle Width

(ft) Rack Width

Sprinkler Protection Criteria

Ceiling Sprinkler

Type

Fire Protection Scheme

Fire Test Ref†

≥200≤5 Unlimited

Plastic, cartoned or uncartoned

Unlimited 4 Any AnyScheme A

(see 6.8.6.�) �

≥400 ≤6 30

Composite, corrugated

cardboard box with a flexible

plastic liner

�8 8

�

≤9 Any Scheme C (see 6.8.6.3)

�

Note: For SI units, � gal = 3.8 L; � ft = 0.3 m.†See Table D.�(e) for reference to the fire test on which the protection criteria given in this table are based.

Table D.�(e) Summary of Fire Test References for Table 6.8.�(e)

Ref No. Technical Justification and Test Identifier in Directory

� Results of Tests P-�� through P-3�

� Results of Tests (to be deter-mined)

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 The test series demonstrated that rack storage of Class IIIB liquids in bag-in-box packaging can be successfully protected using a protection scheme that provides: �) In rack and face sprinklers at every other level (Standard temperature/quick response/K=8.0) designed to discharge at 30 gpm/sprinkler, with flue spacing of nominal 4-foot on center and face spacing at rack uprights) �) In rack barriers installed above every other level The first test serving as the basis for this proposal was controlled by a total of four in-rack sprinklers in less than four minutes, and complete extinguishment was achieved in approximatley eight minutes. No ceiling sprinklers operated during the test. Change to Figures 6.8.�(b) and (c) and Section 3.3.7: The changes to the titles of Figures 6.8.�(b) and (c) are recommended to eliminate ambiguity associated with the term Fiberboard. The term Fiberboard is commonly used in commerce to describe everything from cardboard to building materials, such as Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF). However, when using the term with respect to packaging for Class I, II or IIIA liquids, Fiberboard has a much more limited meaning based on UN-DOT rules governing container construction. The potential for misinterpretation is significant because NFPA 30 provides no guidance with respect to the intended use of the term. To reduce the protential for misinterpretation of the term Fiberboard and to ensure coordination between the protection criteria flowcharts and their referenced tables, it is recommended that the headings for Figures 6.8.�(b) and (c) be changed by replacing the terms Glass, Plastic and Fiberboard with a defined term Nometallic container. The proposed definition for this term encompasses glass, plastic and fiber containers, and guidance regarding acceptable container types is proposed for inclusion as annex material. Change to Section 6.5.�.3: The change to Section 6.5.�.3 is proposed to clarify that it is permissible to place liquid storage in a general purpose warehouse when protection for such storage complies with either the provisions of NFPA �3 or the provisions of NFPA 30, which are different than, but are superior to, NFGPA �3, with respect to protection of liquid storage. This change will allow an occupant to designate a section of a gneeral purpose warehouse for limited liquid storage and to upgrade this area to NFPA 30 requiremetns if desired, rather than being forced to use the lesser protection specified by NFGPA �3, which is currently mandated by Section 6.5.�.3. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle (1) Add a new entry to Table 6.8.2 (e) as follows:

Table 6.8.2(e) Water Sprinkler Protection for Single-, Double-, and Multi-Row Open Frame Rack Storage of Class IIIB Liquids in Plastic Nonmetallic Containers (for Nonmiscible Flammable and Combustible

Liquids or Miscible Flammable and Combustible Liquids with Concentration >50% of volume)

Note: For SI units, � gal = 3.8 L; � ft = 0.3 m.†See Table D.�(e) for reference to the fire test on which the protection criteria given in this table are based.Committee Statement: Material has been deleted that duplicates the text proposed in Proposal 30-9� (Log #5�) Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: SCHEFFEY, J.: I was a consultant on the project which developed the test data for the proposals. TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58).

________________________________________________________________ 30-93 Log #CP56 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.8.5) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers

and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Revise 6.8.5 to read: “Containment or containment and drainage shall be provided in accordance with Figure 6.8.5, when protection systems are installed in accordance with the provisions of Table 6.8.�(a) through Table 6.8.�(k).” Substantiation: The revised wording accurately reflects the intent of this requirement. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-94 Log #CP57 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (Figure 6.8.5) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Revise Figure 6.8.5 by adding a new decision diamond beneath the fourth diamond (UPRs). This decision diamond is to read: “ Are liquids in an inside storage room in accordance with 6.4.4.�? ” Connect the “Yes” point of this diamond to the box that reads: “Provide spill control curbs or ramps.” Substantiation: This corrects an omission in prior editions of NFPA 30. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58).

________________________________________________________________ 30-95 Log #CP4� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (6.10.3 (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Add a new Section 6.�0.3 as follows: “6.�0.3 Dispensing, Handling, and Use 6.�0.3.� Dispensing, handling, and use of liquids shall meet applicable requirements of Chapter 7. This requirement shall not apply to dispensing of quantities that do not exceed �6 oz, including, but not limited to, tinting of paints and coatings. Substantiation: This proposed text provides a link to certain applicable requirements of Chapter 7, Operations, while maintaining a reasonable exemption for small quantity use, such as tinting of paints. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention:

Liquid Type

or Closed-

Cup Flash Point

(°F)

Container Size (gal)

Maximum Building

or Ceiling Height

Packaging Type

Maximum Storage Height

Minimum Aisle

Width (ft)

Rack Width

Sprinkler Protection Criteria

Ceiling Sprinkler

Type

Fire Protection

Scheme

Fire Test

Ref.†

≥375 ≤6 Unlimited

Flexible plastic liner inside of a composite, corrugated paperboard

box

Unlimited 8 Any Any Scheme C (see 6.8.6.3) �

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-96 Log #CP�5 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (Chapter 7) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Change the phrase “bond(ing) or ground(ing)” to “bond(ing) and ground(ing)” wherever used. Substantiation: The current language allows either bonding or grounding. This presents the potential for an unsafe condition, such as a system whose components are bonded to each other, but is isolated from ground, thereby having the potential to release an ignition-capable discharge of energy. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. ________________________________________________________________ 30-97 Log #CP�8 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (Chapter 7) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Replace the current Chapter 7 with the following Chapters 5 through 8, Chapters �7 through �0, and Chapters �8 and �9. Chapter 5 General Requirements [RESERVED]

Chapter 6 Fire Prevention and Fire Risk Control6.1 Scope. This chapter shall apply to the hazards associated with processing and handling of liquids. This chapter shall also apply when specifically referenced by another chapter.6.2 [7.12] Management of Fire Hazards.6.2.1 [7.12.1] This Section 7.�� shall apply to the management methodology used to identify, evaluate, and control the hazards involved in processing and handling of flammable and combustible liquids. Theses hazards include, but are not limited to, preparation, separation, purification, and change of state, energy content, or composition.6.3 Hazards Analysis6.3.1 [7.12.2] Operations involving flammable and combustible liquids shall be reviewed to ensure that fire and explosion hazards resulting from loss of containment of liquids are provided with corresponding fire prevention, fire control, and emergency action plans.Exception No. 1: Operations where liquids are used solely for on-site consumption as fuels.Exception No. 2: Operations where Class II or Class III liquids are stored in atmospheric tanks or transferred at temperatures below their flash points.Exception No. 3: Mercantile occupancies, crude petroleum exploration, drillings, and well servicing operations, and normally unoccupied facilities in remote locations.6.3.1.1* [7.12.3 and 7.13.1.2*] The extent of fire prevention and control that is provided shall be determined in consultation with the authority having jurisdiction or by means of an engineering evaluation of the operation and application of sound fire protection and process engineering principles. This evaluation shall include, but not be limited to, the following:(1) Analysis of the fire and explosion hazards of the operation(2) Analysis of emergency relief from process vessels, taking into consideration the properties of the materials used and the fire protection and control measures taken(3) Analysis of applicable facility design requirements in Chapters �7, �8, �9, �8, and �9. Section 7.3 through Section 7.7(4) Analysis of applicable requirements for liquid handling, transfer, and use, as covered in Chapters �7, �8, �9, �8, and �9. Section 7.3 through Section 7.7(5) Analysis of local conditions, such as exposure to and from adjacent properties and exposure to floods, earthquakes, and windstorms(6) Analysis of the emergency response capabilities of the local emergency services ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.3.1.1 {A.7.13.1.2} The wide range in size, design, and location of liquid-processing facilities precludes the inclusion of detailed fire prevention and control systems and methods applicable to all such facilities.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.3.1.2 [7.12.5] Management of Change. The fire hazards analysis management review conducted in accordance with 7.��.� shall be repeated whenever the hazards leading to a fire or explosion change significantly. Conditions that might require repeating a review shall include, but are not limited to, the following:(1) When changes occur in the materials in process(2) When changes occur in process equipment(3) When changes occur in process control(4) When changes occur in operating procedures or assignments6.4 [7.9] Control of Ignition Sources.6.4.1 [7.9.1] General. Precautions shall be taken to prevent the ignition of flammable vapors by sources such as the following:(�) Open flames(�) Lightning(3) Hot surfaces(4) Radiant heat

(5) Smoking(6) Cutting and welding(7) Spontaneous ignition(8) Frictional heat or sparks(9) Static electricity(�0) Electrical sparks(��) Stray currents(��) Ovens, furnaces, and heating equipment6.4.2 [7.9.2] Smoking. Smoking shall be permitted only in designated and properly identified areas.6.4.3* [7.9.3] Hot Work. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.4.3 {A.7.9.3} See NFPA 5�B, Standard for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.4.3.1 [7.9.3.1] Welding, cutting, and similar spark-producing operations shall not be permitted in areas containing flammable liquids until a written permit authorizing such work has been issued.6.4.3.2 [7.9.3.2] The permit shall be issued by a person in authority following his/her inspection of the area to assure that permit requirements have been implemented proper precautions have been taken and will be followed until the job is completed.6.4.4* [7.9.4] Static Electricity. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.4.4 {A.7.9.4} The prevention of electrostatic ignition in equipment is a complex subject. Refer to NFPA 77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity, for guidance.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.4.4.1 All equipment such as tanks, machinery, and piping shall be designed and operated to prevent electrostatic ignitions.6.4.4.2 [7.9.4.1] All metallic equipment such as tanks, machinery, and piping where the potential exists for an ignitible mixture could to be present shall be bonded or grounded.6.4.4.3 [7.9.4.2] The bond or ground or both shall be physically applied or shall be inherently present by the nature of the installation.6.4.4.4 [7.9.4.3] Any electrically isolated section of metallic piping or equipment shall be bonded or grounded to prevent hazardous accumulation of static electricity.6.4.4.5 [7.9.4.2] All nonmetallic equipment and piping where the potential exists for an ignitable mixture to be present shall be designed and operated to prevent electrostatic ignition provide equivalent safeguards against static electricity.6.4.5 [7.9.5] Electrical Installations. Design, selection, and installation of electrical wiring and electrical utilization equipment shall meet the requirements of Chapter 7. Electrical equipment and wiring installations shall be in accordance with Chapter 8.6.5 [7.13.4] Detection and Alarm.6.5.1* [7.13.4.1] An approved means for prompt notification of fire or emergency to those within the plant and to the available public or mutual aid fire department shall be provided.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.5.1 {A.7.13.4.1} One method of complying with this requirement could be through the installation of an automatic and/or manual fire alarm system as covered in NFPA 7�, National Fire Alarm Code.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.5.2 [7.13.4.2] Those areas, including buildings, where a potential exists for a flammable liquid spill shall be monitored as appropriate. The following Some methods shall be permitted to be used include the following:(1) Personnel observation or patrol(2) Process-monitoring equipment that would indicate a spill or leak could have occurred(3) Provision of gas detectors to continuously monitor the area where facilities are unattended6.6 [7.13] Fire Protection and Fire Suppression.[7.13.1] General.6.6.1* [7.13.1.1] This Section 7.�3 shall cover the commonly identifies recognized fire protection and fire suppression management control systems and methods used to prevent or minimize the loss from fire or explosion in liquid-processing facilities. The application of one or a combination of these systems and methods as well as the use of fire-resistive materials shall be determined in accordance with Section 6.�.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.6.1 {A.7.13.1.1} Other recognized fire prevention and control factors, involving construction, location, and separation, are addressed elsewhere in this chapter.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.3.1.2* [7.13.1.2] Details of fire prevention, control system, and methods necessary for a liquid processing facility shall be determined either in consultation with The authority having jurisdiction shall be consulted on specific cases or by means of a qualified engineering analysis judgment shall be exercised.6.6.2 [7.13.3.1] A reliable water supply or other suitable fire control agent shall be available in pressure and quantity to meet the fire demands indicated by the specific special hazards of liquids-processing operations, storage, or exposure.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 6.6.3* [7.13.3.2] Permanent connections between the fire water system and any process system shall be prohibited to prevent contamination of fire water with process fluids.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.6.3 {A.7.13.3.2} Permanent connections to process water lines from the fire water system present an opportunity for contamination of the fire water with process fluids. Incidents have occurred where fire water was contaminated with flammable process liquids, with subsequent increased fire damage and, in some cases, injury. Temporary connections are permitted to meet extraordinary needs, as in turnaround and inspection periods, tank cleaning, etc. However, care should be taken to address the potential for contamination. Where such use occurs frequently enough to justify a more robust arrangement, double block-and-bleed valves, removable spool pieces, or other means should be used to assure that no contamination can occur. Check valves alone are not sufficient.Use of utility water sources, such as boiler feedwater, which are not contaminated, is acceptable for use as a supplemental fire water supply.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.6.4* [7.13.3.3] Where required by 6.6.�, Hydrants, with or without fixed monitor nozzles, shall be provided in accordance with NFPA �4, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances accepted practice. The number and placement shall depend on the hazard of the liquid-processing facility.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.6.4 {A.7.13.3.3} See NFPA �4, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances, for information on this subject.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.6.5* [7.13.3.4] Where the need is indicated by the hazards of liquid processing, storage, or exposure as determined by Section 6.3 7.��.3, fixed protection shall be provided. by means of approved sprinkler systems, water spray systems, deluge systems, fire-resistive materials, or a combination of these.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.6.5 {A.7.13.3.4} See NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, and NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, for information on these subjects.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.6.6 [7.13.3.4 and 7.13.3.5] Where provided, fire control systems shall be designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with the following NFPA standards as applicable:(1) NFPA ��, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam(2) NFPA ��, Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems(3) NFPA ��A, Standard on Halon �30� Fire Extinguishing Systems(4) NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems(5) NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection(6) NFPA �6, Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems(7) NFPA �7, Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems(8) NFPA �00�, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems6.6.7 [7.13.2.2] Where required by 6.6.� When the need is indicated in accordance with 7.��.3, standpipe and hose systems shall be installed in accordance with NFPA �4, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems or hose connections from sprinkler systems using combination spray and straight stream nozzles, shall be installed in accordance with NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems.[7.13.2] Portable Fire Control Equipment.6.6.8* [7.13.2.1] Where required by 6.6.�, Listed portable fire extinguishers shall be provided for facilities in such quantities, sizes, and types as could be needed for the specific hazards of operation and storage.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.6.6.8 {A.7.13.2.1} NFPA �0, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, provides information on the suitability of various types of extinguishers.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.6.9 [7.13.2.3] Where provided, When the need is indicated in accordance with 7.��.3, mobile foam apparatus and foam quantity shall be provided appropriate to the specific hazards.6.6.10 [7.13.2.4] Where provided, automotive and trailer-mounted fire apparatus, where determined necessary, shall not be used for any purpose other than emergency response fire fighting.[7.13.3] Fixed Fire Control Equipment.6.7 [7.13.5] Emergency Planning and Training.6.7.1 [7.12.4] A written emergency action plan that is consistent with available equipment and personnel shall be established to respond to fires and related emergencies. This plan shall include the following: (1) Procedures to be followed in case of fire, such as sounding the alarm, notifying the fire department, evacuating personnel, and controlling and extinguishing the fire.(2) Procedures and schedules for conducting drills of these procedures.(3) Appointment and training of personnel to carry out assigned duties. These duties shall be reviewed at the time of initial assignment, as responsibilities or response actions change, and whenever anticipated duties change.(4) Maintenance of fire protection equipment.(5) Procedures for shutting down or isolating equipment to reduce the release of liquid. This shall include assigning personnel responsible for maintaining critical plant functions or shutdown of plant processes.(6) Alternate measures for the safety of occupants.

6.7.2 [7.13.5.1] Personnel responsible for the use and operation of fire protection equipment shall be trained in the use of that equipment. Refresher training shall be conducted at least annually.6.7.3 [7.13.5.2] Planning of effective fire control measures shall be coordinated with local emergency response agencies.6.7.4 [7.13.5.3] Procedures shall be established to provide for safe shutdown of operations under emergency conditions. Provisions shall be made for periodic training, inspection, and testing of associated alarms, interlocks, and controls.6.7.5 [7.13.5.4] The emergency procedure shall be kept readily available in the operating areas and shall be updated when conditions change, as identified in Section 6.3 regularly. 6.7.5.1 [7.13.5.5] Where premises are likely to be unattended for considerable periods of time, a summary of the emergency plan shall be posted or located in a strategic and accessible location.6.8 [7.13.6] Inspection and Maintenance.6.8.1 [7.13.6.1] All fire protection equipment shall be properly maintained, and periodic inspections and tests shall be done in accordance with both standard practice and the equipment manufacturer’s recommendations. Water-based fire protection systems shall be inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with NFPA �5, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems.6.8.2 [7.13.6.2] Maintenance and operating practices shall control leakage and prevent spillage of flammable liquids.6.8.3 [7.13.6.3] Combustible waste material and residues in operating areas shall be kept to a minimum, stored in covered metal containers, and disposed of daily.6.8.4 [7.13.6.4] Ground areas around facilities where liquids are stored, handled, or used shall be kept free of weeds, trash, or other unnecessary combustible materials.6.8.5 [7.13.6.5] Aisles established for movement of personnel shall be maintained clear of obstructions to permit orderly evacuation and ready access for manual fire-fighting activities.

Chapter 7 Electrical Systems7.1 [8.1] Scope. This chapter shall apply to areas where Class I liquids are stored or handled and to areas where Class II or Class III liquids are stored or handled at or above their flash points.7.2 [8.2] General.7.2.1 [8.2] Any Electrical utilization equipment and wiring provided shall not constitute a source of ignition for any ignitible the flammable vapor that might be present under normal operation or because of during a spill. Compliance with 7.�.� 8.�.� through 7.�.7 8.�.4 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of this Section 8.�.7.2.2 [8.2.1] All electrical utilization equipment and wiring shall be of a type specified by and installed in accordance with NFPA 70®, National Electrical Code®.7.2.3* [8.2.2] So far as it applies, Table 7.�.3 8.�.� shall be used to delineate and classify areas for the purpose of installation of electrical utilization equipment and wiring under normal operating conditions.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.7.2.3 {A.8.2.2} For additional information, see NFPA 497, Recommended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7.2.4 [8.2.2] In the application of classified areas, A classified area shall not extend beyond a floor, wall, roof, or other solid partition that has no openings within the classified area.7.2.5 [8.2.2] The designation of classes, divisions, and zones shall be as defined in Chapter 5 of NFPA 70®, National Electrical Code®.7.2.6 [8.2.3] The area classifications listed in Table 7.�.3 8.�.� are based on the premise that the installation shall meet all the applicable requirements of this code have been met. in all respects. If Should this is not be the case, the authority having jurisdiction shall have the authority to classify the extent of the area.7.2.7* [8.2.4] Where the provisions of 7.�.� through 7.�.6 8.�.� through 8.�.4 require the installation of electrical equipment suitable for Class I, Division � or �, or Zone � or � locations, ordinary electrical equipment, including switchgear, shall be permitted to be used if installed in a room or enclosure that is maintained under positive pressure with respect to the classified area.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.7.2.7 {A.8.2.4} NFPA 496, Standard for Purged and Pressurized Enclosures for Electrical Equipment, provides details for these types of installations.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7.2.7.1 [8.2.4] Ventilation make-up air shall be taken from an uncontaminated source not be contaminated.Chapter 8 [RESERVED] Chapter 17 Processing Operating Facility Design and Construction

17.1 {7.3.1 & 7.1.1} Scope.17.1.1 This chapter Section 7.3 shall apply to operations where the processing handling and use of liquids is the a principal activity, except as covered elsewhere in this code or in other NFPA standards. (See 1.5.3.)17.1.2 This section shall not apply to operations where the handling and use of

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 liquids is incidental to the principal activity. (See Section 7.5.) (old ref)17.1.2 {7.1.3} Provisions of this chapter shall not prohibit the use of movable tanks for the dispensing of flammable or combustible liquids into fuel tanks of motorized equipment outside on premises not accessible to the public where such use has the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.17.2 {7.2} General.17.2.1 {7.2.1} Liquid processing operations shall be located and operated so that they do not constitute a significant fire or explosion hazard to life, to property of others, or to important buildings or facilities within the same plant. Specific requirements shall be dependent on the inherent risk in the operations themselves, including the liquids being processed, operating temperatures and pressures, and the capability to control any liquid or vapor releases or fire incidents that could occur. The interrelationship of the many factors involved shall be based on good engineering and management practices to establish suitable physical and operating requirements.17.2.2 {7.2.2} Requirements for specific operations shall be covered in Chapters �8, �9, �0, �8, or �9, whichever is applicable Section 7.4 through Section 7.8 and Section 7.�0 and Section 7.��. Requirements for procedures and practices for fire prevention, fire protection, and fire control in these operations shall be covered in Chapters 5 and 6 Section 7.9 through Section 7.�� and shall be applied as appropriate.17.3 {7.3.2} Location. Liquid processing vessels and equipment shall be located in accordance with the requirements of this subsection.17.3.1 {7.3.2.1} Processing vessels and buildings containing such processing vessels shall be located so that a fire involving the vessels does not constitute an exposure hazard to other occupancies. The minimum distance of a processing vessel to a property line that is or can be built upon, including the opposite side of a public way; to the nearest side of a public way; or to the nearest important building on the same property shall be as follows:(1) In accordance with Table �7.3.� 7.3.�.� or(2) Determined by an engineering evaluation of the process, followed by application of sound fire protection and process engineering principles.17.3.1.1 Where process vessels are located in a building and the exterior wall facing the exposure (line of adjoining property that is or can be built upon or nearest important building on the same property) is greater than 7.6 m (�5 ft) from the exposure and is a blank wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours, any greater distances required by Table �7.3.� shall be permitted to be waived. If the exterior wall is a blank wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than 4 hours, all distances required by Table �7.3.� shall be permitted to be waived.17.3.1.2 All the distances given in Table �7.3.� shall be doubled where protection for exposures is not provided.Exception: Where process vessels are located in a building and the exterior wall facing the exposure (line of adjoining property that is or can be built upon or nearest important building on the same property) is greater than 7.6 m (25 ft) from the exposure and is a blank wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than 2 hours, any greater distances required by Table 7.3.2.1 shall be permitted to be waived. If the exterior wall is a blank wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than 4 hours, all distances required by Table 7.3.2.1 shall be permitted to be waived.

Insert Table 17.3.1 {Table 7.3.2.1} Here17.3.2 {7.3.2.2} Where Class IA liquids or unstable liquids, regardless of class, are handled or processed, the exposing walls shall have explosion resistance in accordance with recognized engineering standards. (See 17.3.7 for information on explosion relief of other building walls.) 17.3.3* {7.3.2.3*} Other liquid-processing equipment, such as pumps, heaters, filters, and exchangers, shall not be located closer than 7.6 m (�5 ft) to property lines where the adjoining property is or can be built upon or to the nearest important building on the same property that is not an integral part of the process. This spacing requirement shall be permitted to be waived where exposures are protected in accordance with �7.3.�.� 7.3.�.�.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.3.3 {A.7.3.2.3} Equipment operated at pressures over 70 bar gauge (�000 psig or a gauge pressure of 7000 kPa) could require greater spacing.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.3.4 {7.3.2.4} Processing equipment in which unstable liquids are handled shall be separated from unrelated plant facilities that use or handle liquids by either of the following(1) 7.6 m (�5 ft) clear spacing(2) A wall having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours and explosion resistance consistent with the expected hazard17.4 {7.3.2.5} Accessibility. Each process unit or building containing liquid-processing equipment shall be accessible from at least one side for fire fighting and fire control. 17.5 {7.3.3} Construction. 17.5.1* {7.3.3.1*} Process buildings or structures used for liquid operations shall be constructed consistent with the operations being conducted and with the classes of liquids handled. They shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of this section and in accordance with Table �7.5.� 7.3.3.�.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.5.1 {A.7.3.3.1} See NFPA 5000™-�005, Building Construction and Safety Code™.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.5.2 {7.3.3.1} Construction types shall be as are defined in NFPA 5000,

Building Construction and Safety Code NFPA ��0, Standard on Types of Building Construction. 17.5.3 {7.3.3.1} Where protection for exposures is not provided, all the distances given in Table �7.5.� 7.3.3.� shall be doubled where protection for exposures is not provided.17.5.4 {7.3.3.1.1} Buildings or structures used solely for blending, mixing, or dispensing of Class IIIB liquids at temperatures below their flash points shall be permitted to be constructed of combustible construction, subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.17.5.5 {7.3.3.1.2} Buildings or structures used for processing or handling of liquids where the quantities of liquids do not exceed �360 L (360 gal) of Class I and Class II liquids and �7�5 L (7�0 gal) of Class III liquids shall be permitted to be constructed of combustible construction, subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction. 17.5.6 {7.3.3.1.3} Buildings or structures used for processing or handling of liquids protected with automatic sprinklers or equivalent fire protection systems shall be permitted to be constructed of combustible construction, subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.

Table 17.5.1 7.3.3.1 Minimum Separation Distances for Construction of Buildings or Structures Used for Liquid Handling and Operations

Minimum Separation Distance (ft)

Liquid Class

To Adjacent Property

Line that Is or Can Be Built Upon

To Street, Alley, or Public Way

Minimum Type Construction†

Class I liquids, unstable liquid of any class, and liq-uids of any class heated above their flash points

50 �0 II (000) �5 5 II (���) �0 5 II (���)

Class II �5 5 II (000) �0 5 II (���) Class III �0 5 II (000)

Notes: (�) For SI units, � ft = 0.3 m. (�) Distances apply to properties that have protection for exposures, as defined in this code. If there are exposures for which protection does not exist, the distances shall be doubled. †Construction types are defined in NFPA ��0, Standard on Types of Building Construction.

17.5.7* {7.3.3.2} Load-bearing building supports and load-bearing supports of vessels and equipment capable of releasing appreciable quantities of liquids that could so as to result in a fire capable of causing of sufficient intensity and duration to cause substantial property damage shall be protected by one or more of the following:(1) Drainage to a safe location to prevent liquids from accumulating under vessels or equipment (2) Fire-resistive construction (3) Fire-resistant protective coatings or systems (4) Water spray systems designed and installed in accordance with NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection (5) Other alternate means acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.5.7 {A.7.3.3.2} API ���8, Fireproofing Practices in Petroleum and Petrochemical Processing Plants, contains guidance on selecting and installing fire-resistant coatings to protect exposed steel supports from a high-challenge fire exposure. It also contains a general discussion on determining need for such protection and estimating the extent of the area exposed.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.5.8 {7.3.3.3} Class I liquids shall not be handled or used in basements.17.5.8.1 {7.3.3.3} Where Class I liquids are handled or used above grade within buildings with basements or closed pits into which flammable vapors can travel, such belowgrade areas shall be provided with mechanical ventilation designed to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors. 17.5.8.2 {7.3.3.3}Means shall be provided to prevent liquid spills from running into basements. 17.5.9* {7.3.3.4} Smoke and heat venting shall be permitted to be used where it assists access for fire fighting. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.5.9 {A.7.3.3.4} NFPA �04, Standard for Smoke and Heat Venting, provides information on this subject.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.5.10 {7.3.3.5} Areas shall have exit facilities arranged to prevent occupants

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 from being trapped in the event of fire.17.5.10.1 {7.3.3.5} Exits shall not be exposed by the drainage facilities described in Section �7.7 7.3.5.17.5.11 {7.3.3.6} Adequate aisles shall be maintained for unobstructed movement of personnel and fire protection equipment. 17.5.12* {7.3.3.7} Areas where Class IA or unstable liquids are processed shall be designed to direct flame, combustion gases, and pressures resulting from a deflagration away from important buildings or occupied areas through the use of damage-limiting construction. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.5.12 {A.7.3.3.7} NFPA 68, Guide for Venting of Deflagrations, provides information on this subject.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.5.12.1 The damage-limiting construction design shall be in accordance with recognized standards and shall be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. (See A.6.4.2.4. old ref) 17.6 {7.3.4} Ventilation17.6.1 {7.3.4.1} Enclosed processing areas handling or using Class I liquids or Class II or Class III liquids, heated to temperatures at or above their flash points, shall be ventilated at a rate sufficient to maintain the concentration of vapors within the area at or below �5 percent of the lower flammable limit. Compliance with �7.6.� through �7.6.5 shall be deemed as meeting the requirements of this section. 17.6.2* {7.3.4.2} Ventilation requirements shall be confirmed by one of the following:(1) Calculations based on the anticipated fugitive emissions (see Annex F for calculation method). (2) Sampling of the actual vapor concentration under normal operating conditions. Sampling shall be conducted at a �.5 m (5 ft) radius from each potential vapor source extending to or toward the bottom and the top of the enclosed processing area. The vapor concentration used to determine the required ventilation rate shall be the highest measured concentration during the sampling procedure.Exception: Where a ventilation rate of not less than 0.3 m3/min/m2 (1 ft3/min/ft2) of solid floor area is provided, the ventilation confirmation requirement of 7.3.4.2 shall not apply.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.6.2 {A.7.3.4.2} Equipment in enclosed processing areas can deteriorate over time, and periodic evaluation should be conducted to ensure that leakage rates have not increased or that the ventilation rate is adequate for any increase in leakage rates.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.6.3 {7.3.4.2 Exception} A ventilation rate of not less than 0.3m3/min/m� (� ft3/min/ft�) of solid floor area shall be considered as meeting the requirements of �7.6.�.17.6.4 {7.3.4.3} Ventilation shall be accomplished by mechanical or natural means exhaust ventilation.17.6.5 {7.34..3} Exhaust ventilation discharge shall be to a safe location outside the building, without recirculation of the exhaust air.17.6.6 {7.3.4.3, Exception} Recirculation of the exhaust air shall be permitted only when it is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor-air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected.Exception: Recirculation is permitted where it is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor–air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected. 17.6.7* {7.3.4.4} Provision shall be made for introduction of make-up air in such a manner as to avoid short-circuiting the ventilation.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.6.7 {A.7.3.4.4} NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids, and NFPA 90A, Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems, provide information on this subject.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.6.8 {7.3.4.4} Ventilation shall be arranged to include all floor areas or pits where flammable vapors can collect.17.6.9 {7.3.4.4} Local or spot ventilation to control special fire or health hazards, if provided, shall be permitted to be utilized for up to 75 percent of the required ventilation.17.6.10 {7.3.4.5} Where equipment such as dispensing stations, open centrifuges, plate and frame filters, and open vacuum filters is used in a building, the equipment and ventilation of the building shall be designed to limit flammable vapor–air mixtures under normal operating conditions to the interior of equipment and to not more than �.5 m (5 ft) from equipment that exposes Class I liquids to the air. 17.7 {7.3.5} Drainage.17.7.1* {7.3.5.1} Emergency drainage systems shall be provided to direct liquid leakage and fire protection water to a safe location. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.7.1 {A.7.3.5.1} This might require curbs, scuppers, or special drainage systems to control the spread of fire. Annex A of NFPA �5, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, provides information on this subject.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.7.2 {7.3.5.2} Emergency drainage systems, if connected to public sewers or discharged into public waterways, shall be equipped with traps or separators. 17.7.3 {7.3.5.1} A facility shall be designed and operated to prevent the discharge of liquids to public waterways, public sewers, or adjoining property. 17.8 {7.3.6} Electrical Equipment. Electrical wiring and utilization equipment shall meet the requirements of Chapter 7. 17.9 Process Structures [Reserved - new]17.10* {7.3.8} Process Equipment & Vessels. Equipment shall be designed and arranged to prevent the unintentional escape of liquids and vapors and to minimize the quantity escaping in the event of accidental release.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.17.10 {A.7.3.8} Where the vapor space of equipment is usually within the flammable range, the probability of explosion damage to the equipment can be limited by inerting, by providing an explosion suppression system, or by designing the equipment to contain the peak explosion pressure that can be modified by explosion relief. Where the special hazards of operation, sources of ignition, or exposures indicate a need, consideration should be given to providing protection by one or more of the above means.

See NFPA 68, Guide for Venting of Deflagrations, and NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems, for additional information on various methods of mitigating losses from explosions.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.11 Management of Operations Hazards17.11.1 {7.12.1} This section 7.�� shall apply to the management methodology used to identify, evaluate, and control the hazards involved in processing and handling of flammable and combustible liquids. These hazards include, but are not limited to, preparation, separation, purification, and change of state, energy content, or composition.17.11.2 {7.12.2} Operations involving flammable and combustible liquids shall be reviewed to ensure that fire and explosion hazards resulting from loss of containment of liquids are provided with corresponding fire prevention and emergency action plans.Exception No. 1: Operations where liquids are used solely for on-site consumption as fuels.Exception No. 2: Operations where Class II or Class III liquids are stored in atmospheric tanks or transferred at temperatures below their flash points.Exception No. 3: Mercantile occupancies, crude petroleum exploration, drillings, and well servicing operations, and normally unoccupied facilities in remote locations.17.11.3 {7.12.3} The extent of fire prevention and control that is provided shall be determined by means of an engineering evaluation of the operation and application of sound fire protection and process engineering principles. This evaluation shall include, but not be limited to, the following:(1) Analysis of the fire and explosion hazards of the operation(2) Analysis of emergency relief from process vessels, taking into consideration the properties of the materials used and the fire protection and control measures taken(3) Analysis of applicable facility design requirements in Section 7.3 through Section 7.7(4) Analysis of applicable requirements for liquid handling, transfer, and use, as covered in Chapters �7, �8, �9, �8, and �9 Section 7.3 through Section 7.7(5) Analysis of local conditions, such as exposure to and from adjacent properties and exposure to floods, earthquakes, and windstorms(6) Analysis of the emergency response capabilities of the local emergency services 17.11.4 {7.12.4} A written emergency action plan that is consistent with available equipment and personnel shall be established to respond to fires and related emergencies. This plan shall include the following:(1) Procedures to be followed in case of fire, such as sounding the alarm, notifying the fire department, evacuating personnel, and controlling and extinguishing the fire.(2) Procedures and schedules for conducting drills of these procedures.(3) Appointment and training of personnel to carry out assigned duties. These duties shall be reviewed at the time of initial assignment, as responsibilities or response actions change, and whenever anticipated duties change.(4) Maintenance of fire protection equipment.(5) Procedures for shutting down or isolating equipment to reduce the release of liquid. This shall include assigning personnel responsible for maintaining critical plant functions or shutdown of plant processes.(6) Alternate measures for the safety of occupants. 17.11.5 {7.12.5} The fire hazards management review conducted in accordance with �7.��.� 7.��.� shall be repeated whenever the hazards leading to a fire or explosion change significantly. Conditions that might require repeating a review shall include, but are not limited to, the following:(1) When changes occur in the materials in process(2) When changes occur in process equipment(3) When changes occur in process control(4) When changes occur in operating procedures or assignments

Chapter 18 Handling, Dispensing, Transfer, and Use

18.1 {New} Scope. This chapter applies where liquids are handled, dispensed, transferred or used. This chapter also applies to the processing of liquids.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 18.2 {7.3.7} Liquid Handling, Transfer, and Use18.2.1 {7.3.7.1} Class I liquids shall be kept in closed tanks or containers when not actually in use. Class II and Class III liquids shall be kept in closed tanks or containers when ambient or process temperature is at or above their flash point. 18.2.2 {7.3.7.2} Where liquids are used or handled, provisions shall be made to promptly and safely dispose of leakage or spills. 18.2.3 {7.3.7.3} Class I liquids shall not be used outside closed systems where there are open flames or other ignition sources within the classified areas set forth in Chapter 7. 18.2.4 {7.3.7.4} Transfer of liquids among vessels, containers, tanks, and piping systems by means of air or inert gas pressure shall be permitted only under all of the following conditions:(1) The vessels, containers, tanks, and piping systems shall be designed for such pressurized transfer and shall be capable of withstanding the anticipated operating pressure. (2) Safety and operating controls, including pressure-relief devices, shall be provided to prevent overpressure of any part of the system. (3) Only inert gas shall be used to transfer Class I liquids. Inert gas shall be used to transfer Class II and Class III liquids that are heated above their flash points.18.2.5 {7.3.7.5} Positive displacement pumps shall be provided with pressure relief discharging back to the tank, pump suction, or other suitable location or shall be provided with interlocks to prevent overpressure. 18.2.6 {7.3.7.6} Piping, valves, and fittings shall be in accordance with Chapter �7. 18.2.7 {7.3.7.7} Listed flexible connectors shall be permitted to be used where vibration exists. Approved hose shall be permitted to be used at transfer stations. 18.2.8* {7.3.7.8} The staging of liquids in containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks shall be limited to the following: (1) Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that are in use (2) Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that were filled during a single shift (3) Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks needed to supply the process for one continuous �4-hour period (4) Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks that are stored in accordance with Chapter 9 6.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.18.2.8 {A.7.3.7.8} The process area is not intended to be a liquid container storage area. However, it is recognized that containers of liquids are brought into the area to use in the processes and, that as a result of the processes, liquids could be filled into containers in the process area.The amount of liquid in containers in the process area should be limited as much as possible. Full containers should not be stored in the process area but can be staged there. Only the amount of liquid needed for one continuous �4-hour period should be brought into the process area in full containers. Partial containers can remain in the process area as long as they do not increase the hazard present. Containers that were filled in the process area can remain there during the shift that they were filled but should be relocated to the appropriate storage area before the end of the workday or shift in the case of �4-hour-a-day operations.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18.2.9 {7.3.7.9} Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquids used in a process and staged in the process area shall not be filled in the process area. Exception No. 1: Intermediate bulk containers and portable tanks that meet the requirements of Chapter 9.6. Exception No. 2: Intermediate products that are manufactured in the process area. 18.3 {7.5} Incidental Operations18.3.1* {7.5.1} This section shall apply to areas where the use, handling, and storage of liquids is only a limited activity to the established occupancy classification. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.18.3.1 {A.7.5.1} Incidental operations are operations that utilize liquids only as a limited activity to that which establishes the occupancy classification. Examples include automobile assembly, assembly of electronic equipment, furniture manufacturing, and areas within refineries, distilleries, and chemical plants where the use of liquids is incidental, such as in maintenance shops, office equipment, or vehicle repair shops. Some more detailed descriptions follow: (1) Vehicle Assembly. Vehicle assembly operations usually involve both process and incidental use of liquids. An example of a process operation would be paint storage and mixing utilized for application of the vehicle primer, color coats, and clear coats. For these operations, the requirements of Section 7.3 apply. Examples of incidental use would be sealer deck wipedown operations, windshield washer solvent dispensing, brake fluid filling, and final line paint repair operations. These operations might be continuous. However, the quantities of liquids used and the vapor exposures are significantly reduced from larger volume usage found within vehicle body component paint mixing and storage operations.(2) Assembly of Electrical Equipment. Examples of incidental use of liquids in these types of occupancies might include “photoresist” coating operations, “softbaking” operations, wave solder operations, and wipedown operations.(3) Chemical Plant Maintenance Shop. Incidental use of liquids is

commonplace in maintenance shops located within a chemical plant. Examples are cutting oils used in a machine shop, Class II solvents for degreasing, and Class I and II paint solvents and fuels associated with automotive and industrial truck repair.(4) Cleaning and Sanitation. Under provisions established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in �� CFR, “GMP for Medical Devices,” Class I and Class II liquids can be used for cleaning and sanitation purposes. Limited quantities are used to remove manufacturing materials, mold release compounds, and other contaminants not intended to be on the final product. An example would be the use of isopropyl alcohol (IPA), transferred to a cleaning wipe via a plunger-type liquid-dispensing container. The cleaning wipe is then used to remove manufacturing materials not intended to be on the final product. The key point here is not that the liquid is not part of the final product, but that limited quantities of liquid are used and the use is incidental to the manufacturing operation that produces the product------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18.3.2 {7.5.2} Class I liquids or Class II and or Class III liquids that are heated up to or above their flash points shall be drawn from or transferred into vessels, containers, or portable tanks as follows:(1) From original shipping containers with a capacity of �0 L (5.3 gal) or less (2) From safety cans (3) Through a closed piping system(4) From portable tanks or containers by means of a device that has antisiphoning protection and that draws through an opening in the top of the tank or container(5) By gravity through a listed self-closing valve or self-closing faucet18.3.2.1 {7.5.2.1} If hose is used in the transfer operation, it shall be equipped with a self-closing valve without a hold-open latch in addition to the outlet valve. Only listed or approved hose shall be used. 18.3.2.2 {7.5.2.2} Means shall be provided to minimize generation of static electricity. Such means shall meet the requirements of 6.4.4 7.9.4.18.3.2.3 {7.5.2.3} Where pumps are used for liquid transfer, means shall be provided to deactivate liquid transfer in the event of a liquid spill or fire. 18.3.3 {7.5.3} All storage of liquids other than those governed by �8.3.4 and �8.3.5 shall comply with Chapter 9 6.Exception: As provided in 7.5.4 and 7.5.5. 18.3.4 {7.5.4} The quantity of liquid located outside of identified storage areas, such as storage cabinets, other inside liquid storage areas, general-purpose warehouses, or other specific processing areas that are cut off from the general plant area by at least a �-hour fire separation, shall meet the requirements of �8.3.4.�.18.3.4.1 {7.5.4.1 & 7.5.4.2} The maximum quantity of liquids permitted for incidental operations in a single fire area shall not exceed the greater of the following:(1)* The amount required to supply incidental operations for one continuous �4-hour period; or(2) The aggregate sum of the following:

(a) 95 L (�5 gal) of Class IA liquids in containers (b) 454 L (��0 gal) of Class IB, Class IC, Class II, or Class III

liquids in containers (c) 6000 L (�586 gal) of any combination of the following:

(i) Class IB, IC, II, or IIIA liquids in metal portable tanks or metal

intermediate bulk containers, each not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal)

(ii) Class II or Class IIIA liquids in nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers, each

not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal)(d) �0 portable tanks or intermediate bulk containers each not

exceeding 3000 L (793 gal) of Class IIIB liquids

7.5.4.� The aggregate of the sum of all incidental operations in each single fire area shall not exceed the sum of the following:

(�) 95 L (�5 gal) of Class IA liquids in containers(�) 454 L (��0 gal) of Class IB, Class IC, Class II, or Class III liquids

in containers(3) 6000 L (�586 gal) of any combination of the following: (a) Class IB, IC, II, or IIIA liquids in metal portable tanks or metal

intermediate bulk containers, each not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal)(b) Class II or Class IIIA liquids in nonmetallic intermediate bulk

containers, each not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal)(4) �0 portable tanks or intermediate bulk containers each not

exceeding 3000 L (793 gal) of Class IIIB liquidsException: Where quantities of liquid in excess of the limits in 7.5.4.�(�)

through 7.5.4.�(4) are needed to supply an incidental operation for one continuous �4-hour period, that greater quantity shall be allowed.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.18.3.4.1(1) The intent of this requirement is to allow the quantities of flammable and combustible liquids needed to safely and efficiently operate for the actual operating hours in any �4-hour period. As an example, if the facility operates only 8-hours out of �4 (i.e., a single shift) and uses 50 gallons of liquid during that time, then 50 gallons is the allowable quantity for the continuous �4-hour period. If the facility increases operations to two shifts, then the allowable quantity doubles to �00 gallons.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18.3.5 {7.5.4.2} Where quantities of liquids in excess of the limits in �8.3.4.� are necessary, storage shall be in tanks that meet all applicable requirements of Chapter �7 and Chapters �� through �7 Section 7.3.18.3.6 {7.5.5} Areas in which liquids are transferred from one tank or container to another container shall be provided with the following:(1) Separation from other operations that can represent an ignition source where potential ignition sources are present by distance or by fire-resistant construction(2) Drainage or other means to control spills (3)* Natural or mechanical ventilation that meets the requirements of �7.6------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.18.2.6(3) {A.7.5.5(3)} NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids, provides information on the design and installation of mechanical ventilation.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18.4 Ventilation for Dispensing Areas. (6.4.2.7) Liquid storage areas where dispensing is conducted shall be provided with either a gravity or a continuous mechanical exhaust ventilation system. Mechanical ventilation shall be used if Class I liquids are dispensed within the room.18.4.1 (6.4.2.7.1) Exhaust air shall be taken from a point near a wall on one side of the room and within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor, with one or more make-up inlets located on the opposite side of the room within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor.18.4.2 (6.4.2.7.1) The location of both the exhaust and inlet air openings shall be arranged to provide, as far as practicable, air movements across all portions of the floor to prevent accumulation of flammable vapors.18.4.3 (6.4.2.7.1) Exhaust from the room shall be conducted directly to the exterior of the building and shall not be recirculated. without recirculation.18.4.3.1 {7.3.4.3, Exception} Recirculation of the exhaust air shall be permitted only when it is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor-air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected.Exception: Recirculation is permitted where it is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor–air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected. 18.4.4 (6.4.2.7.1.1) If ducts are used, they shall not be used for any other purpose and shall comply with NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids. If make-up air to a mechanical system is taken from within the building, the opening shall be equipped with a fire door or damper, as required in NFPA 9�. For gravity systems, the make-up air shall be supplied from outside the building.18.4.5 (6.4.2.7.2) Mechanical ventilation systems shall provide at least 0.3 m3/min of exhaust air for each m� of floor area (� cfm/ft�), but not less than 4 m3/min (�50 cfm). The mechanical ventilation system for dispensing areas shall be equipped with an airflow switch or other equally reliable method that is interlocked to sound an audible alarm upon failure of the ventilation system.

Chapter 19 Specific Operations

19.1 Scope. [New] This chapter shall apply to the handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids in specific operations as herein described.19.2 [7.4] Recirculating Heat Transfer Systems. 19.2.1 [7.4.1] Scope. This section shall apply only to recirculating heat transfer systems that use a heat transfer fluid that is heated up to or above its flash point under normal operation.19.2.2 This section shall not apply to process streams or to any heat transfer system of �30 L (60 gal) capacity or less.19.2.3* [7.4.2] General Requirements. A heater or vaporizer for heat transfer fluid that is located inside a building shall meet all applicable requirements of Chapter �7 7.3.� through 7.3.8. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.2.3 {A.7.4.2} Mist explosions have occurred when heat transfer fluid that is above its boiling point has been released in an enclosed area. Consideration should be given to locating heaters or vaporizers either in a detached building or in a room with damage-limiting construction.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.2.4* [7.4.3] System Design. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.2.4 {A.7.4.3} The system should be interlocked to stop circulation of the heat transfer fluid through the system and to shut off the system heater or vaporizer in the event of a fire, abnormally low pressure in the system, or operation of an approved heat detection system. Where the refractory inside the heater or vaporizer can retain enough heat to cause either breakdown of the heat transfer fluid or tube fouling if fluid circulation through the unit is stopped, circulation could have to be continued. In the event of a confirmed fire, it is desirable to subdivide the piping system by means of interlocked safety shutoff valves. A practical way of accomplishing this is to isolate all secondary-circulating loops from the primary loop that runs into and out of the

vaporizer or heater.A well-marked remote emergency shutoff switch or electrical disconnect should be provided to shut down the entire system in the event of an emergency. This should be located either in a constantly attended location or at a location that would be accessible in the event of a leak or a fire.If there are any process or utility lines running in or through rooms or areas containing parts of the heat transfer system, consideration should be given to providing emergency shutoff valves. They should be located so they are readily accessible in the event of a fire.Where the liquid level in the system expansion tank is maintained by an automatically actuated supply pump taking suction from the heat transfer fluid storage tank, an interlock should be provided to shut down the supply pump when a high level indicator is actuated, regardless of whether the pump is in automatic or manual mode.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.2.4.1* [7.4.3.1] Drainage shall be provided at strategic low points in the heat transfer system. Drains shall be piped to a safe location that is capable of accommodating the total capacity of the system or the capacity of that part of the system that is isolated.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.2.4.1 {A.7.4.3.1} Heat transfer fluid systems have the potential for releasing large quantities of heated flammable or combustible liquid. Low point drains piped to a safe location provide the ability to remove heat transfer fluid from a breached piping system in order to minimize the total quantity of fluid released. An engineering analysis should be used to determine the location and design of low point drains. The engineering analysis should consider system inventory, the amount of heat transfer fluid that can be released in a specific fire area, the exposure created by a release, and the fire protection provided.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.2.4.2* [7.4.3.2] Where the heat transfer system expansion tank is located above floor level and has a capacity of more than 950 L (�50 gal), it shall be provided with a low-point drain line that can allow the expansion tank to drain to a drain tank on a lower level. The drain line valve shall be operable from a safe location. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.2.4.2 {A.7.4.3.2} Where possible, the storage tank(s) should be located below the lowest system drain opening to permit gravity flow. Breather vents should be provided based on the maximum emptying or filling rates.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.2.4.3 [7.4.3.3] A heat transfer fluid system shall not be used to provide direct building heat. 19.2.4.4 [7.4.3.4] All pressure-relief device outlets shall be piped to a safe location. 19.2.5* [7.4.4] Fuel Burner Controls and Interlocks. Oil- or gas-fired heaters or vaporizers shall be designed and installed in accordance with the applicable requirements of NFPA 3�, Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment, or NFPA 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, whichever is applicable. Wood dust suspension-fired heaters or vaporizers shall be designed and installed in accordance with the applicable requirements of NFPA 85. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.2.5 {A.7.4.4} If stack gas from a heater or vaporizer is recovered to provide auxiliary heat for other equipment (e.g., rotary dryers), suitable dampers, isolation gates, burner control logic, or other means should be provided to ensure that all equipment is properly purged and will operate in a safe manner. The control logic should anticipate all possible operating modes of the individual pieces of equipment, whether operating singly or together, to ensure safe startup and shutdown under normal or upset conditions.Instrumentation and interlocks should be provided to sound an alarm and to automatically shut down the fuel source to the heater or vaporizer when any of the following conditions are detected:(1) Low flow of heat transfer fluid through the heat exchange tubes of the heater, as measured at the discharge.(2) High temperature or pressure of the fluid at the heater or vaporizer outlet. The high-temperature interlock should be set at or below the manufacturer’s maximum recommended bulk fluid temperature.(3) Low pressure at the heater or vaporizer outlet or elsewhere in the system. This interlock could require a bypass to allow for startup.(4) Low fluid level in the expansion tank.(5) Low liquid level in the vaporizer.(6) Sprinkler system flow in any area containing the heat transfer equipment or piping. Alarm set points should be provided at levels below or above the automatic shutoff setpoints to monitor the above-mentioned variables and provide an opportunity for operators to correct the problem before conditions reach an unsafe level.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.2.6 [7.4.5] Piping. 19.2.6.1 [7.4.5.1] Piping shall meet all applicable requirements of Chapter �7 5. 19.2.6.2 [7.4.5.2] All pipe connections shall be welded.19.2.6.2.1 [7.4.5.2.1] Welded threaded connections shall be permitted to be used for piping 50 mm (� in.) and smaller.19.2.6.2.2 [7.4.5.2.2] Exception: Mechanical joints shall be permitted to be used at pump, valve, and equipment connections.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 19.2.6.3 [7.4.5.3] New piping that is to be insulated with permanent insulation and existing piping that has been disturbed and is to be reinsulated with permanent insulation shall be covered with a closed-cell, non-absorbent insulation material. 19.2.6.3.1 [7.4.5.3.1] Where all pipe joints are welded and where there are no other points in the system subject to leakage, such as at valves or pumps, other types of insulation shall be permitted. 19.2.6.3.2 [7.4.5.3.2] Where dams are formed around possible leak-producing areas, using metal “donut” flanges that are welded to the pipe or using a “donut” segment of non-absorbent insulation sealed to the pipe to prevent migration of leakage into adjacent insulation, the piping from dam to dam shall be considered to be a closed system and other types of insulation shall be permitted. The area subject to leakage where the dam has been constructed shall be insulated with non-absorbent insulation or a non-absorbent insulation system. 19.2.6.3.3 [7.4.5.3.3] Where removable, reusable insulated covers are required for access, the covers shall be fabricated of flexible or rigid insulation that is encapsulated in a manner to provide a non-absorbent insulation system to prevent absorption of leakage into the insulation. 19.2.7 [7.4.6] Fire Protection. 19.2.7.1 [7.4.6.1] Automatic sprinkler protection meeting the requirements of NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, for Extra Hazard (Group I) Occupancies shall be provided for building areas containing a heat transfer system heater or vaporizer. 19.2.7.2 [7.4.6.2] An alternate fire protection system shall be permitted to be used, if approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Such alternate system shall be designed and installed in accordance with the appropriate NFPA standard and with manufacturer’s recommendations for the system selected. 19.2.8 [7.4.7] Operation. 19.2.8.1 [7.4.7.1] Operations involving heat transfer fluid systems and equipment shall be reviewed to ensure that the fire and explosion hazards resulting from loss of containment of the fluid or failure of the system are provided with corresponding fire prevention and emergency action plans. 19.2.8.2 [7.4.7.2] Operators of heat transfer systems shall be trained in the hazards of improper operation of the system misoperation and leakage and shall be trained to recognize upset conditions that can lead to dangerous situations.19.2.8.3 [7.4.7.3] Safety interlocks shall be inspected, calibrated, and tested annually or at other intervals established in accordance with other appropriate applicable standards to determine that they are in proper operating condition. 19.3 {7.10} Vapor Recovery and Vapor Processing Systems.19.3 1 {7.10.1} Scope.19.3.1.1 {7.10.1.1} This Section 7.�0 shall apply to vapor recovery and vapor processing systems where the vapor source operates at pressures from vacuum up to and including a gauge pressure of 6.9 kPa (�.0 psig), or where there is a potential for vapor mixtures in the flammable range.19.3.1.2 {7.10.1.2} This Section 7.�0 shall not apply to the following:(1) Marine systems that comply with U.S. DOT Regulations, 33 CFR �54, �55, and �56, and U.S. Coast Guard Regulations, 46 CFR 30, 3�, 35, and 39(2) Marine and automotive service station systems that comply with NFPA 30A, Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages19.3.2 {7.10.2} Overpressure/Vacuum Protection. Tanks and equipment shall have independent venting for overpressure or vacuum conditions that could occur from malfunction of the vapor recovery or vapor processing system.Exception: For tanks, venting shall comply with 4.�.5. (old ref)19.3.3 {7.10.3} Vent Location.19.3.3.1 {7.10.3.1} Vents on vapor processing systems shall be not less than 3.7 m (�� ft) from adjacent ground level, with outlets located and directed so that ignitible vapors will disperse to a concentration below the lower flammable limit before reaching any location that could contains an ignition source.19.3.3.2 {7.10.3.2} Vapor processing equipment and vents shall be located in accordance with Section �7.3 7.3.�.19.3.4 {7.10.4} Vapor Collection Systems.19.3.4.1 {7.10.4.1} Vapor collection piping shall be designed to prevent trapping liquid.19.3.4.2 {7.10.4.2} Vapor recovery and vapor processing systems that are not designed to handle liquid shall be provided with a means to eliminate any liquid that carries over to or condenses in the vapor collection system.19.3.5 {7.10.5} Liquid Level Monitoring.19.3.5.1* {7.10.5.1} A liquid knock-out vessel used in the vapor collection system shall have means to verify the liquid level and a high liquid level sensor that activates an alarm.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.3.5.1 {A.7.10.5} If the liquid knock-out vessel utilizes a pump for automatic liquid removal, consideration should be given to a low-level alarm and shutdown to avoid running the pump dry, resulting in a potential source of ignition.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.3.5.2 {7.10.5.2} For unattended unmanned facilities, the high liquid level sensor shall initiate shutdown of liquid transfer into the vessel and shutdown of vapor recovery or vapor processing systems.19.3.6 {7.10.6} Overfill Protection.19.3.6.1 {7.10.6.1} Storage tanks served by vapor processing or vapor

recovery systems shall be equipped with overfill protection in accordance with 4.6.�. (old ref)19.3.6.2 {7.10.6.2} Overfill protection of tank vehicles shall be in accordance with �8.7.6 through �8.7.8.� 7.6.�0.5 through 7.6.�0.7.19.3.7 {7.10.7} Sources of Ignition.19.3.7.1 {7.10.7.1} Vapor Release. Tank or equipment openings provided for purposes of vapor recovery shall be protected against possible vapor release in accordance with 4.3.3.4.6 (old ref), �8.7.7, and �8.7.8 7.6.�0.6, and 7.6.�0.7.19.3.7.2* {7.10.7.2} Electric. Electrical area classification shall be in accordance with Chapter 7.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.3.7.2 {A.7.10.7.2} Electrical enclosures that need to be opened frequently for maintenance (i.e., enclosures housing vapor processing system controls) have a higher potential for mechanical damage that could render the enclosures unable to contain an explosion. Additional inspection could be needed to ensure the integrity of the enclosure.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.3.7.3* {7.10.7.3} Static Electricity. Vapor collection and vapor processing equipment shall be protected against static electricity in accordance with 6.4.4 7.9.4.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.3.7.3 {A.7.10.7.3} The most recent edition of API �003, Protection Against Ignition Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents, can be used as a reference for protections against static ignition.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.3.7.4* {7.10.7.4} Spontaneous Ignition. Equipment shall be designed or written procedures established to prevent ignition where the potential exists for spontaneous ignition.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.3.7.4 {A.7.10.7.4} Spontaneous ignition can be a problem in the following: (1) Facilities where pyrophoric deposits can accumulate from the handling of oxygen-deficient vapors containing sulfur compounds or asphaltic materials. When air is introduced into the system, the pyrophoric materials can react, resulting in potential ignition and fire.(2) Facilities that handle fluids in such a way that mixing of hypergolic or otherwise incompatible materials can occur. Such mixing could occur with fluids remaining in the vapor recovery system from prior loading activities.(3) Facilities handling oxygenated hydrocarbons in carbon absorption units. Higher heats of absorption for these types of vapors can potentially lead to overheated carbon beds and increase the chance that an oxidation reaction can be initiated. (For further information, refer to API Report, “An Engineering Analysis of the Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on Marketing Vapor Recovery Equipment.”)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.3.7.5* {7.10.7.5} Friction Heat or Sparks from Mechanical Equipment. Mechanical equipment used to move vapors that are in the flammable range shall be designed to prevent sparks or other ignition sources under both normal and equipment malfunction conditions.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.3.7.5 {A.7.10.7.5} Department of Transportation Coast Guard Regulation of the 33 CFR �54, Section �54.8�6(b), (c), and (d) can be used as a reference for vapor mover designs that minimize the potential for ignition.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.3.7.6* {7.10.7.6} Flame Propagation. Where there is reasonable potential for ignition of a vapor mixture in the flammable range, means shall be provided to stop the propagation of flame through the vapor collection system. The means chosen shall prevent flame propagation under be appropriate for the conditions with under which they will be used.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.19.3.7.6 {A.7.10.7.6} The potential for ignition in the vapor collection system needs to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.If ignition occurs, flame propagation in piping systems containing vapor mixtures in the flammable range normally starts with low-speed burning (deflagration). As the flame moves through the piping, it accelerates and, within a short distance, can reach supersonic speeds (detonation). Initial low-speed flame propagation can be stopped by flame arrestors, liquid seals, or automatic fast-acting valve systems where designed, operated, and tested within the requirements of NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems. Flame propagation can also be stopped for both deflagrations and detonations by use of detonation arrestors tested in accordance with U.S. Department of Transportation Coast Guard Regulations of the 33 CFR �54, Appendix A, or other procedures acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction, or automatic fast-acting valve systems tested under the appropriate conditions.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.3.7.7 {7.10.7.7} Explosion Protection. Where used, explosion protection systems shall comply with NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems.19.3.8 {7.10.8} Emergency System Shutdown. Emergency shutdown systems shall be designed to fail to a safe position in the event of loss of normal system power (i.e., air or electric) or equipment malfunction.19.4 {7.11} Solvent Distillation Units.19.4.1 {7.11.1} Scope.19.4.1.1 {7.11.1.1} This Section 7.�� shall apply to solvent distillation units having distillation chambers or still pots that do not exceed ��7 �30 L (60 gal)

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 nominal capacity and are used to recycle Class I, Class II, or and Class IIIA liquids.19.4.1.2 {7.11.1.2} This section shall not apply to research, testing, or experimental processes; to distillation processes carried out in petroleum refineries, chemical plants, or distilleries; or to distillation equipment used in dry cleaning operations.19.4.2 {7.11.2} Equipment. Solvent distillation units shall be approved or shall be listed in accordance with UL ��08, Standard for Solvent Distillation Units.19.4.3 {7.11.3} Solvents. Solvent distillation units shall only be used to distill liquids for which they have been investigated and which are listed indicated on the unit’s marking or contained within the manufacturers’ literature. instruction manual. 19.4.3.1 {7.11.3} Unstable or reactive liquids or materials shall not be processed unless they have been specifically listed indicated on the system’s markings or contained within the manufacturer’s literature in the instruction manual.19.4.4 {7.11.4} Location.19.4.4.1 {7.11.4} Solvent distillation units shall only be located and operated used in locations in accordance with their approval or listing.19.4.4.2 {7.11.4} Solvent distillation units They shall not be used in basements.19.4.4.3 {7.11.4} Solvent distillation units They shall be located away from potential sources of ignition, as indicated on the unit’s marking.19.4.5 {7.11.5} Liquid Storage. Distilled liquids and liquids awaiting distillation shall be stored in accordance with this code Chapters � through Chapter 6.Chapter 20 [RESERVED] Chapter 28

Bulk Loading and Unloading Facilities for Tank Cars and Tank Vehicles7.6 Loading and Unloading Operations and Facilities.28.1 {7.6.1} Scope. This chapter Section 7.6 shall apply to operations involving the loading or unloading of tank cars and tank vehicles. and the areas in facilities where these operations are conducted.28.2 {7.6.2} Bonding and Grounding and Stray Currents.28.2.1 {7.6.2} Bonding requirements for the control of static electricity, as specified as follows, shall not be required where the following conditions exist: (1) Where tank cars and tank vehicles are loaded exclusively with products that do not have static-accumulating properties, such as asphalts (including cutback asphalts), most crude oils, residual oils, and water-soluble liquids(2) Where no Class I liquids are handled at the loading facility and where the tank cars and tank vehicles loaded are used exclusively for Class II and Class III liquids(3) Where tank cars and tank vehicles are loaded or unloaded through closed connections 28.2.2* {7.6.6} Loading and unloading facilities that are used to load liquids into tank vehicles through open domes shall be provided with a means for electrically bonding to protect against static electricity hazards.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.28.2.2 {A.7.6.6} The use of nonconductive materials in the fill pipe assembly should be avoided to prevent any electrical discontinuity in the piping of the system. Serious accidents have occurred when nonconductive materials, such as plastic or rubber hose, have been used in the fill pipe assembly.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28.2.2.1 {7.6.6} Such means shall consist of a metallic bond wire that is permanently electrically connected to the fill pipe assembly or to some part of the rack structure that is in electrical contact with the fill pipe assembly.28.2.2.2 {7.6.6} The free end of this wire shall be provided with a clamp or an equivalent device for convenient attachment to some metallic part that is in electrical contact with the cargo tank of the tank vehicle.28.2.2.3 {7.6.6} All parts of the fill pipe assembly, including the drop tube, shall form a continuous electrically conductive path.28.2.3 {7.6.7} Loading and unloading facilities that are used to transfer liquids into and from tank cars through open domes Tank car facilities where flammable and combustible liquids are loaded or unloaded through open domes shall be protected against stray currents by permanently bonding the fill pipe to at least one rail and to the facility structure, if of metal.28.2.3.1 {7.6.7} Multiple pipelines that enter the area shall be permanently bonded together. 28.2.3.2 {7.6.7} In addition, in areas where excessive stray currents are known to exist, all pipelines entering the area shall be provided with insulating sections to electrically isolate them from the facility piping.Exception: These precautions shall not be required where only Class II or Class III liquids are handled and where there is no probability that tank cars will contain vapors from previous cargoes of Class I liquids.28.3 {7.6.3} Facility Location.28.3.1 {7.6.3} Tank vehicle and tank car loading and unloading facilities shall be separated from aboveground tanks, warehouses, other plant buildings, or the nearest line of adjoining property that can be built upon by a distance of at least 7.6 m (�5 ft) for Class I liquids and at least 4.6 m (�5 ft) for Class II and Class III liquids, measured from the nearest fill spout or transfer connection.28.3.2* {7.6.3} These distances shall be permitted to be reduced if there is suitable protection for exposures.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.28.3.2 {A.7.6.3} Use of fixed fire protection systems, dikes, fire-rated barriers, or a combination of any of these can provide suitable protection from

exposures.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28.3.3 {7.6.3} Buildings for pumps or shelters for personnel shall be permitted to be a part of the facility.28.4* {7.6.4} Drainage. Loading and unloading facilities shall be provided with drainage systems or other means to contain spills.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.28.4 {A.7.6.4} The intent of this requirement is to prevent the spread of uncontrolled, spilled liquid from traveling beyond the loading or unloading area and exposing surrounding equipment and buildings.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28.5 {7.6.5} Roofed Structures. A loading or unloading facility that has a canopy or roof that does not limit the dissipation of heat or dispersion of flammable vapors and does not restrict fire-fighting access and control shall be treated as an outdoor facility.28.6 {7.6.8} Equipment28.6.1 {7.6.8} Equipment such as piping, pumps, and meters used for the transfer of Class I liquids between storage tanks and the fill stem of the loading facility shall not be used for the transfer of Class II or Class III liquids unless one of the following conditions exists:(1) Exception No. �: This provision shall not apply to Only water-miscible liquid mixtures are handled and where the class of the mixture is determined by the concentration of liquid in water.(2) Exception No. �: This provision shall not apply where the equipment is cleaned between transfers.28.6.2 {7.6.9} Remote pumps located in underground tanks shall have a listed leak detection device installed on the pump discharge side that will indicate if the piping system is not essentially liquidtight. 28.6.2.1 {7.6.9} This device shall be checked and tested at least annually according to the manufacturer’s specifications to ensure proper installation and operation.28.7 {7.6.10} Loading and Unloading of Tank Vehicles.28.7.1 {7.6.10.1} Liquids shall be loaded only into cargo tanks whose material of construction is compatible with the chemical characteristics of the liquid. The liquid being loaded shall also be chemically compatible with the liquid hauled on the previous load unless the cargo tank has been cleaned.28.7.2 {7.6.10.2} Before loading tank vehicles through open domes, a bonding connection shall be made to the vehicle or tank before dome covers are raised and shall remain in place until filling is completed and all dome covers have been closed and secured, unless one of the conditions of �8.�.� exists.Exception: As modified by 7.6.�.28.7.3 {7.6.10.3} When transferring Class I liquids, engines of tank vehicles or motors of auxiliary or portable pumps shall be shut down during making and breaking hose connections.28.7.4 {7.6.10.3} If loading or unloading is done without requiring the use of the motor of the tank vehicle, the motor shall be shut down throughout any transfer operations involving Class I liquids.28.7.5* {7.6.10.4} Filling through open domes into tank vehicles that contain vapor–air mixtures within the flammable range or where the liquid being filled can form such a mixture shall be by means of a downspout that extends to within �50 mm (6 in.) of the bottom of the tank unless the liquid is not an accumulator of static electric charges. This precaution shall not be required when loading liquids that are not accumulators of static electric charges.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.28.7.5 {A.7.6.10.4} NFPA 77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity, provides additional information on static electricity protection.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28.7.6 {7.6.10.5} When top loading a tank vehicle with Class I or Class II liquids without a vapor control system, valves used for the final control of flow shall be of the self-closing type and shall be manually held open except where automatic means are provided for shutting off the flow when the vehicle is full.28.7.6.1 {7.6.10.5} Automatic shutoff systems shall be provided with a manual shutoff valve located at a safe distance from the loading nozzle to stop the flow if the automatic system fails.28.7.6.2 {7.6.10.5} When top loading a tank vehicle with vapor control, flow control shall be in accordance with �7.7.8 and �7.7.9.28.7.7 {7.6.10.6} When bottom loading a tank vehicle, a positive means shall be provided for loading a predetermined quantity of liquid, together with a secondary automatic shutoff control to prevent overfill. 28.7.7.1 {7.6.10.6} The connecting components between the loading rack and the tank vehicle that are required to operate the secondary control shall be functionally compatible.28.7.7.2 {7.6.10.6} The connection between the liquid loading hose or pipe and the truck piping shall be by means of a dry disconnect coupling.28.7.8 {7.6.10.7} When bottom loading a tank vehicle that is equipped for vapor control, but when vapor control is not used, the tank shall be vented to the atmosphere, at a height not lower than the top of the cargo tank of the vehicle, to prevent pressurization of the tank.28.7.8.1 {7.6.10.7} Connections to the facility’s vapor control system shall be designed to prevent the escape of vapor to the atmosphere when not connected to a tank vehicle.28.7.9 {7.6.10.8} When bottom loading is used, reduced flow rates (until the fill opening is submerged), splash deflectors, or other devices shall be used to prevent splashing and to minimize turbulence.28.7.10 {7.6.10.9} Metal or conductive objects, such as gauge tapes, sample

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 containers, and thermometers, shall not be lowered into or suspended in a compartment while the compartment is being filled or immediately after cessation of pumping to permit the relaxation of charge.28.8 {7.6.11} Loading and Unloading of Tank Cars.28.8.1 {7.6.11.1} Liquids shall be loaded only into tank cars whose material of construction is compatible with the chemical characteristics of the liquid. The liquid being loaded shall also be chemically compatible with the liquid hauled on the previous load unless the tank car has been cleaned.28.8.2* {7.6.11.2} Filling through open domes into tank cars that contain vapor–air mixtures within the flammable range, or where the liquid being filled can form such a mixture, shall be by means of a downspout that extends to within �50 mm (6 in.) of the bottom of the tank unless the liquid is not an accumulator of static electric charges. This precaution shall not be required when loading liquids that are not accumulators of static electric charges.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.28.8.2 {A.7.6.11.2} NFPA 77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity, provides additional information on static electricity protection.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28.8.3 {7.6.11.3} When bottom loading is used, reduced flow rates (until the fill opening is submerged), splash deflectors, or other devices shall be used to prevent splashing and to minimize turbulence.28.8.4 {7.6.11.4} Metal or conductive objects, such as gauge tapes, sample containers, and thermometers, shall not be lowered into or suspended in a compartment while the compartment is being filled or immediately after cessation of pumping to permit the relaxation of charge.28.9* {7.6.12} Switch Loading. To prevent hazards due to a change in flash point of liquids, no tank car or tank vehicle that has previously contained a Class I liquid shall be loaded with a Class II or Class III liquid unless proper precautions are taken.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.28.9 {A.7.6.12} The term switch loading describes a situation that warrants special consideration.When a tank is emptied of a cargo of Class I liquid, a mixture of vapor and air is left, which can be, and often is, within the flammable range. When such a tank is refilled with a Class I liquid, any charge that reaches the tank shell will be bled off by the required bond wire. Also, there will be no flammable mixture at the surface of the rising oil level because the Class I liquid produces at its surface a mixture too rich to be ignitible. This is the situation commonly existing in tank vehicles in gasoline service. If, as occasionally happens, a static charge does accumulate on the surface sufficient to produce a spark, it occurs in a too-rich, nonignitible atmosphere and thus causes no harm.A very different situation arises if the liquid is “switch loaded,” that is, when a Class II or Class III liquid is loaded into a tank vehicle that previously contained a Class I liquid.Class II or Class III liquids are not necessarily more potent static generators than the Class I liquid previously loaded, but the atmosphere in contact with the rising oil surface is not enriched to bring it out of the flammable range. If circumstances are such that a spark should occur either across the oil surface or from the oil surface to some other object, the spark occurs in a mixture that can be within the flammable range, and an explosion can result.It is emphasized that bonding the tank to the fill stem is not sufficient; a majority of the recorded explosions have occurred when it was believed the tank had been adequately bonded. The electrostatic potential that is responsible for the spark exists inside the tank on the surface of the liquid and cannot be removed by bonding. Measures to reduce the change of such internal static ignition can be one or more of the following: (1) Avoid spark promoters. Conductive objects floating on the oil surface increase the charge of sparking to the tank wall. Metal gauge rods or other objects projecting into the vapor space can create a spark gap as the rising liquid level approaches the projection. A common precaution is to require that fill pipes (downspouts) reach as close to the bottom of the tank as practicable. Any operation such as sampling, taking oil temperature, or gauging that involves lowering a conductive object through an opening into the vapor space on the oil should be deferred until at least � minute after flow has ceased. This will permit any surface charge to relax.(2) Reduce the static generation by one or more of the following: (a) Avoid splash filling and upward spraying of oil where bottom filling is used.(b) Employ reduced fill rates at the start of filling through downspouts, until the end of the spout is submerged. Some consider 0.9 m/sec (3 ft/sec) to be a suitable precaution.(c) Where filters are employed, provide relaxation time in the piping downstream from the filters. A relation time of 30 seconds is considered by some to be a suitable precaution.(3) Eliminate the flammable mixture before switch loadings by gas freeing or inerting. See NFPA 77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity, and NFPA 385, Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, for further information.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chapter 29 {7.7} Wharves

29.1 {7.7.1} Scope.29.1.1 {7.7.1} This chapter 7.7 shall apply to all wharves, as defined in 3.3.50, whose primary purpose is the bulk transfer of liquids.

29.1.2 {7.7.2} This chapter 7.7 shall not apply to the following:(1) Marine service stations, as covered in NFPA 30A, Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages(2) Marinas and boatyards, as covered in NFPA 303, Fire Protection Standard for Marinas and Boatyards(3) Wharves that handle liquefied petroleum gases, as covered in NFPA 59A, Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), and NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code29.2 {7.7.1} General29.2.1 {7.7.1} General-purpose wharves that handle bulk transfer of liquids and other commodities shall meet the requirements of NFPA 307, Standard for the Construction and Fire Protection of Marine Terminals, Piers, and Wharves.29.2.2 {7.7.3} Incidental handling of packaged cargo of liquids and loading/unloading of general cargo, such as ships’ stores, during transfer of liquids shall be conducted only when approved by the wharf supervisor and the senior officer of the vessel.29.2.3 {7.7.4} Wharves at which liquid cargoes are to be transferred in bulk to or from tank vessels shall be at least 30 m (�00 ft) from any bridge over a navigable waterway or from any entrance to or superstructure of a vehicular or railroad tunnel under a waterway.29.2.4 {7.7.4} The termination of the loading or unloading fixed piping shall be at least 60 m (�00 ft) from any bridge or from any entrance to or superstructure of a tunnel.29.2.5 {7.7.5} The substructure and deck of the wharf shall be substantially designed for the use intended.29.2.6 {7.7.5} The deck of the wharf shall be permitted to be of any material that will afford the desired combination of flexibility, resistance to shock, durability, strength, and fire resistance.29.2.7 {7.7.5} Heavy timber construction shall be permitted.29.2.8 {7.7.6} Tanks used exclusively for ballast water or Class II or Class III liquids shall be permitted to be installed on a suitably designed wharf designed to support the weight of the tank and its contents.29.2.9 {7.7.7} Loading pumps capable of building up pressures that exceed the safe working pressure of cargo hose or loading arms shall be provided with bypasses, relief valves, or other arrangements to protect the loading facilities against excessive pressure.29.2.9.1 (7.7.7} Relief devices shall be tested at least annually to determine that they function satisfactorily at their set pressure.29.2.10 {7.7.8} All pressure hose and couplings shall be inspected at intervals recommended by the manufacturer depending on appropriate to their service.29.2.10.1 {7.7.8} With the hose extended, the hose and couplings shall be tested using the in-service maximum operating pressure.29.2.10.2 {7.7.8} Any hose showing material deterioration, signs of leakage, or weakness in its carcass or at the couplings shall be withdrawn from service and repaired or discarded.29.2.11 {7.7.9} Piping, valves, and fittings shall meet applicable requirements of Chapter �7 and shall also meet the following requirements:(1) Flexibility of piping shall be assured by appropriate layout and arrangement of piping supports so that motion of the wharf structure resulting from wave action, currents, tides, or the mooring of vessels will not subject the piping to excessive strain.(2) Pipe joints that depend on the friction characteristics of combustible materials or on the grooving of pipe ends for mechanical continuity of piping shall not be permitted.(3) Swivel joints shall be permitted to be used in piping to which hose are connected and for articulated swivel-joint transfer systems, provided the design is such that the mechanical strength of the joint will not be impaired if the packing materials should fail, for example, by exposure to fire.(4) Each line conveying Class I or Class II liquids leading to a wharf shall be provided with a readily accessible block valve located on shore near the approach to the wharf and outside of any diked area. Where more than one line is involved, the valves shall be grouped in one location.(5) Means shall be provided for easy access to any cargo line valves that are located below the wharf deck.29.2.12 {7.7.10} Pipelines on wharves that handle Class I or Class II liquids shall be adequately bonded and grounded.29.2.12.1 {7.7.10} If excessive stray currents are encountered, insulating flanges or joints shall be installed for protection against stray currents.29.2.12.2 {7.7.10} Bonding and grounding connections on all pipelines shall be located on the wharf side of insulating flanges, if used, and shall be accessible for inspection.29.2.12.3 {7.7.10} Bonding between the wharf and the vessel shall not be required.29.2.13 {7.7.11} Hose or articulated swivel-joint pipe connections used for cargo transfer shall be capable of accommodating the combined effects of change in draft and change in tide. Mooring lines shall be kept adjusted to prevent surge of the vessel from placing stress on the cargo transfer system. Hose shall be supported to avoid kinking and damage from chafing.29.2.14 {7.7.11} Mooring lines shall be kept adjusted to prevent surge of the vessel from placing stress on the cargo transfer system.29.2.15 {7.7.12} Material shall not be placed on wharves in such a manner as to obstruct access to fire-fighting equipment or important pipeline control valves.29.2.16 {7.7.12} Where the wharf is accessible to vehicle traffic, an unobstructed roadway to the shore end of the wharf shall be maintained for

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 access of fire-fighting apparatus.29.2.17 {7.7.13} Loading or unloading shall not commence until the wharf supervisor and the person in charge of the tank vessel agree that the tank vessel is properly moored and all connections are properly made.29.2.18 {7.7.14} Mechanical work shall not be performed on the wharf during cargo transfer, except under special authorization based on a review of the area involved, methods to be employed, and precautions necessary.29.2.19 {7.7.15} Sources of ignition shall be controlled during transfer of liquids.29.2.20 {7.7.15} Vehicular traffic and mechanical work including, but not limited to, welding, grinding, and other hot work, shall not be performed during cargo transfer except as authorized by the wharf supervisor and the senior officer on the vessel.29.2.21 {7.7.15} Smoking shall be prohibited at all times on the wharf during cargo transfer operations.29.2.22 {7.7.16} For marine terminals handling flammable liquids, Figure �9.�.�� shall be used to determine the extent of classified areas for the purpose of installation of electrical equipment.

FIGURE 29.2.22 {Figure 7.7.16} Marine Terminal Handling Flammable Liquids.

29.2.23 {7.7.17} Where a flammable atmosphere can exist in the vessel cargo compartment, cargo transfer systems shall be designed to limit the velocity of the incoming liquid stream to 0.9 m (3 ft) per second until the compartment inlet opening is sufficiently submerged to prevent splashing.29.12.24 {7.7.18} Filters, pumps, wire screens, and other devices that can produce static electric charges through turbulence shall be so located to allow a minimum of 30 seconds relaxation time prior to discharging cargo into the compartment.29.2.25* {7.7.19} Spill collection shall be provided around manifold areas to prevent spread of liquids to other areas of the wharf or under the wharf.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.29.2.25 {A.7.7.19} Where practical, the collection basin should be drained to a remote location.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29.2.26 {7.7.19} Vapor seals shall be provided on all drain lines leaving the wharf.29.2.27 {7.7.20} Where required, wharves shall have a system to isolate and shut down the loading operation in the event of failure of a hose, loading arm, or manifold valve. This system shall meet all of the following requirements:(1) If the protective system closes a valve on a gravity-fed or pipeline-fed loading system, it shall be designed care shall be taken to ensure the line is not subjected to damage from protected from any resulting pressure surges.(2) Emergency shutdown systems shall be permitted to be automatically or manually activated. 29.2.27.1 {7.7.20} Manually activated device(s) shall be identified well marked and accessible during an emergency.29.2.28* {7.7.21} Fire protection for wharves shall be related to the products being handled, emergency response capability, size, location, frequency of use, and adjacent exposures.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.29.2.28 {A.7.7.21} Because of the many variables involved, exact requirements cannot be provided. However, Table A.�9.�.�8 A.7.7.�� provides guidance on the level of fire protection typically provided at wharves and marine terminals handling flammable liquids.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29.2.28.1 {7.7.21.1} Where a fire water main is provided, the main shall be permitted to be wet or dry. In all cases, isolation valves and fire department connections shall be provided at the wharf-to-shore connection.29.2.28.2 {7.7.21.2} Where a fire water main is provided, hydrants and monitors shall also be provided so that effective fire water streams can be applied to any berth or loading manifold from two directions.29.2.28.3 {7.7.21.3} Fire water pumps, fire hose, fire water mains, foam systems, and other fire suppression equipment shall be maintained and tested in accordance with NFPA �5, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems.29.2.28.4 {7.7.21.4} Where no fire water main is provided, at least two 68 kg (�50 lb) dry chemical extinguishers shall be provided. The extinguishers shall be located within �5 m (50 ft) of pump or manifold areas and shall be easily reached along emergency access paths.Substantiation: The proposed rewrite of Chapter 7 into ten separate chapters incorporates a new HazMat template that standardizes the format and structure of all NFPA documents dealing with storage and handling of hazardous materials. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. Comment on Affirmative: SMITH, JR., B.: In order to be consistent with other chapters of the NFPA 30 rewrite, it is recommended that Chapters 6, 7, �8, �9, �8 & �9 be provided with a new section titled “Special Terms”. This section would follow the opening section on Scope in each chapter. It does not appear that any of the above chapters have terms requiring definition, so the “Special Terms” section

in each chapter should be marked [Reserved]. But, should a special term need to be defined in the future, it could be placed in the reserved section and renumbering of the entire chapter would not be required.

________________________________________________________________ 30-98 Log #CP9 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.3.2.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Delete 7.3.�.�. Substantiation: Paragraph 7.3.�.�, which is under the siting and location requirements actually contains construction requirements that duplicate the requirements in paragraph 7.3.3.7. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. Comment on Affirmative: SHEPARD, C.: I believe the original intent of 7.3.�.� is to verify buildings are adequately constructed when the potential to be exposed to blast overpressure resulting from equipment handling Class IA or unstable liquids that are external to the building, (i.e., outdoor process equipment or process equipment inside a building) and not to evaluate that building has adequate damage limiting construction to relieve overpressures that develop inside the building. Suggested change: Where Class IA and Unstable liquids are handled or processed, buildings that can be exposed to blast overpressure shall be reinforced to resist collapse. ________________________________________________________________ 30-99 Log #CP�0 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.3.3.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Revise 7.3.3.� to read: “7.3.3.�* Process buildings or structures used for liquid operations shall be constructed consistent with the operations being conducted and with the classes of liquids handled. They shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of this section and to minimum Type II (000) construction, as defined in NFPA 5000™, Building Construction and Safety Code™ and shall be constructed in accordance with Table 7.3.3.�.” Also, revise the title of Table 7.3.3.� to read: “ Minimum Separation Distances for Construction of Buildings or Structures Used for Liquid Handling and Operations and Protected with Approved Automatic Sprinkler Protection. ” Substantiation: The changes provide correlation with NFPA 5000 and its building construction type descriptors. The change to the title of the Table provides a more accurate description of its contents and correlates with the revisions to paragraph 7.3.3.�. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. Comment on Affirmative: SHEPARD, C.: We revised wording in proposal 30-�00 (CP��) for (New) 7.3.3.�.� to reflect the need for engineering evaluation if building is not sprinklered. The proposed title for Table 7.3.3.� is narrow and only addresses sprinkler protection which can be confusing. Suggested change: “Minimum Separation Distances for Buildings or Structures Used for Handling and Operations and Adequately Protected.” ________________________________________________________________ 30-�00 Log #CP�� FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.3.3.1.1 (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Add a new 7.3.3.�.� to read: “ For buildings or structures that are not provided with approved automatic sprinkler protection, the separation distances otherwise required by Table 7.3.3.� shall be determined by an engineering evaluation of the process, but shall not be less than the separation distances required by 7.3.�.�. ” Renumber accordingly. Substantiation: This correlates table 7.3.3.� with paragraph 7.3.�.� and also allows for separation distances to be determined by engineering analysis. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G.

________________________________________________________________ 30-�0� Log #CP�3 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.3.3.7) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations,

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Recommendation: Revise 7.3.3.7 to read: “7.3.3.7* Indoor Areas where Class IA or unstable liquids are in use processed shall be designed to direct flame, combustion gases, and pressures resulting from a deflagration away from important buildings or occupied areas through the use of damage-limiting construction. The damage-limiting construction design shall be in accordance with recognized standards and shall be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. (See A.6.4.�.4.)” Add a new 7.7.3.7.� to read: “ Where unstable liquids are in use, an approved engineered construction method that is designed to limit damage from an explosion (deflagration or detonation, depending on the characteristics of the liquid) shall be used.” Substantiation: These changes have been made to correlate with building code requirements and to correct a technical error that equates unstable liquids with Class IA liquids, which was not the original intent of the code. The Technical Committee also recognizes that the potential for an explosion hazard increases when using liquids at or above their boiling points, but has not addressed the issue, due to a lack of loss history. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�0� Log #CP�4 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.4.1) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Add the follow new sentence to 7.4.�: “This section shall not apply to process streams used as a means of heat transfer or to any heat transfer system of 60 gal capacity or less.” Delete the Exception. Substantiation: This amendment eliminates an exception, in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�03 Log #CP60 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (7.5.4 (new Chapter 11)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Replace current Subsection 7.5.4 with the following new Chapter ��. Chapter 11 Storage of Liquids in Containers in Industrial Occupancies11.1* Scope [7.5.1*] This chapter section shall apply to areas where the use, handling, and storage of liquids in industrial occupancies where the handling and use of liquids is only a limited activity to associated with the established occupancy.11.2 General [7.5.4] The quantities quantity of liquid located outside of iden-tified storage areas, such as storage cabinets, other inside liquid storage areas, general-purpose warehouses, or other specific processing areas that are cut off from the general plant area by at least a �-hour fire separation, shall meet the requirements of ��.3 [7.5.4.�]. 11.3 [7.5.4.1] Control Areas. The total quantities of liquids for aggregate of the sum of all incidental operations in a each single fire area shall not exceed the sum of the following:

(1) 95 L (�5 gal) of Class IA liquids in containers (2) 454 L (��0 gal) of Class IB, Class IC, Class II, or Class III liquids in con-tainers (3) 6000 L (�586 gal) of any combination of the following:

(a) Class IB, IC, II, or IIIA liquids in metal portable tanks or metal intermediate bulk containers, each not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal) (b) Class II or Class IIIA liquids in nonmetallic intermediate bulk containers, each not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal)

(4) �0 portable tanks or intermediate bulk containers each not exceeding 3000 L (793 gal) of Class IIIB liquids 11.3.1 [7.5.4.2] Exception: Where the quantities of liquid needed to supply incidental operations for one continuous �4-hour period exceeds in excess of the maximum quantities allowed in (�) through (4) above limits in 7.5.4.�(�) through 7.5.4.�(4) are needed to supply an incidental operation for one continu-ous �4-hour period, the greater quantity shall be allowed.11.3.2 [new] Quantity Thresholds Triggering Application of Protection Levels. Where quantities of liquid in excess of the maximum quantities allowed in (�) through (4) above are needed to supply an incidental operation that greater quantity shall be allowed, provided the occupancy protection levels specified in 9.7 are met. In no case shall the quantities of storage incidental to an operation exceed the quantities required in a �4 hour period, unless the applicable requirements of Chapters �� and �7 are met.

11.3.3 [new] Occupancy Protection Levels. Occupancy protection levels for storage incidental to operations, as established by the Building Code, are the same as for general storage, see 9.7.11.4 [new] Construction Features. Construction of buildings where the storage of liquids is incidental to operations shall comply with �7.5. When the quantities of liquid stored exceed the maximum quantities allowed in (�) through (4) above , construction of the buildings shall comply with 9.8 or �7.5.11.5 [new] Fire Protection. Fire protection for areas of liquid storage inciden-tal to operations shall be evaluated as a part of the facility’s risk management plan, in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 6. Storage and protection arrangements that comply with Chapter �5 shall be considered adequate for protection of incidental storage.11.6 [new] Emergency Controls. Emergency controls for areas of liquid stor-age incidental to operations shall be evaluated as a part of the facility’s risk management plan, in accordance with the requirements of Chapters 6 and �7.11.7 [new] Spill Control. When quantities of liquid s stored exceed the maxi-mum allowable quantities established in Section 9.6, spill control shall be pro-vided in accordance with Section 9.��.11.8 [new] Ventilation. Ventilation that is required by a risk analysis of the facility shall be sufficient to protect the incidental storage of liquids associated with the operations. Ventilation systems shall meet the requirements of Section 9.�3.11.9 [new] Exhausted Enclosures. [not used]11.10 [new] Explosion Control. No additional explosion control over and above what is required by Section 9.�5 is required for storage of liquids inci-dental to operations.11.11 [new] Separation from Incompatible Materials. 11.11.1 [new NFPA 430: 4.4.3.2] Liquids shall be separated from oxidizers by a minimum distance of 8 m (�5 ft).11.11.2 [NFPA 30B: 6.3.5.8] Liquids shall be separated from Level � and Level 3 aerosol products in accordance with NFPA 30B-�00�, Code for the Manufacture and Storage of Aerosol Products.11.12 [new] Dispensing, Handling and Use. Dispensing, handling, and use of liquids shall meet applicable requirements of Chapter �8.11.13 [new] Outdoor Storage. Storage outside of liquids shall meet the requirements of Chapter �3 or Chapter �4, whichever is applicable. Substantiation: The proposed new Chapter �� incorporates the new HazMat template, which establishes a standard format for all NFPA Technical Committee documents dealing with storage, handling, and use of hazard-ous materials. The proposed new chapter also includes a number of technical changes that are intended to correlate NFPA 30’s requirements for container storage (including intermediate bulk containers and portable tanks) with the provisions of NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Negative: 0 Ballot Not Returned: 9 Apostoluk, P., Kirby, G., LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Rindfuss, L., Tomes, W., Toner, H., and Workman, M. Comment on Affirmative: KALLUNGAL, J.: In ��.3.�. The reference to comply with Chapter �� could create confusion, as code users may question if quantity. Stored is less than that is required for �4 hour period, does one need to comply with ��.3.3 to ��.�3? I would suggest an editorial revision as follows: “In no case shall the quantities of storage incidental to an operation exceed the quantities required in a �4 hour period, unless the applicable requirements of Chapter �7 are also met. (Delete reference to Chapter ��) ORDILE, A.: �) Separate the two sentences that comprise Section ��.5 into � subsections (such as ��.5.� and ��.5.�) as they consist of two different require-ments. �) In Section ��.3; change “single fire area” to “single control area”. 3) Section ��.7: What maximum allowable quantities exist for this chapter; those in Section 9.6 (really 9.5) as indicated in Section ��.7 or those as indi-cated in ��.3. 4) The requirements in Section ��.�� (��.��.� and ��.��.�) are mercantile and belong in Chapter �0. The preprint of Chapter �0 contains the correct require-ments for Chapter ��. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�04 Log #CP�� FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.5.4.2 (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Replace the Exception to 7.5.4.� with a new 7.5.4.� to read: “ 7.5.4.�* Where it can be shown that quantities of liquids greater than those allowed by 7.5.4.� are needed to supply an incidental operation for one con-tinuous �4-hour period, that greater quantity shall be allowed, subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction. ” Add an annex item to read: “ A.7.5.4.� The intent of this requirement is to allow the quantities of flammable and combustible liquids needed to safely and efficiently operate for the actual operating hours in any �4-hour period. As

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 an example, if the facility operates only 8-hours out of �4 (i.e., a single shift) and uses 50 gallons of liquid during that time, then 50 gallons is the allowable quantity for the continuous �4-hour period. If the facility increases operations to two shifts, then the allowable quantity doubles to �00 gallons. ” Renumber accordingly. Substantiation: This text replaces an exception, in compliance with the NFPA Manual of Style and it also provides a better explanation of what is meant by “one continuous �4-hour period”. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �7 Negative: � Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. Explanation of Negative: HAVENS, D.: This proposal adds the requirement that the AHJ approve the quantities of liquids allowed when they exceed the amounts currently specified in 7.5.4.� without the exception. This is more restrictive than what is currently in the code. Other proposals, such as 30-�03, have made the Manual of Style change without this additional restriction on the folks who use these materials on a daily basis. The committee’s substantiation does not mention the addition-al restrictions made by the proposal. The proposed annex material is fine. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�05 Log #7 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.5.10.6) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Al Mosser, Sr., Chevron Products Co. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: 7.6.�0.6 When bottom loading a tank vehicle, a positive means shall be provided for loading a predetermined quantity of liquid, together with an inde-pendent secondary automatic shutoff control to prevent overfill. The connecting components between the loading rack and the tank vehicle that are required to operate the secondary control shall be functionally compatible. The connection between the liquid loading hose or pipe and the truck piping shall be by means of a dry disconnect coupling. Substantiation: The improved reliability a “secondary automatic shutoff control” does not improve the overall safety without it being “independent” as defined by ISA 584.0�. Note: Supporting material is available for review at NFPA Headquarters. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�06 Log #CP�7 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.12) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Change title of 7.�� to “Management of Fire and Explosion Hazards”. Add an annex item to the title to read: “A.7.�� The evaluation for manage-ment of fire hazards should consider probability of an ignitible mixture, the presence of a credible ignition source, and consequences of an ignition. Where the risk is unacceptable to the authority having jurisdiction, explosion protec-tion in accordance with NFPA 69 or deflagration venting in accordance with NFPA 68 or a combination of the two should be provided. See also Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis, �nd Ed. (AIChE).” Substantiation: The Technical Committee recognizes that the possibility and consequences of an explosion need to be considered in any evaluation of fire hazards. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G.

________________________________________________________________ 30-�07 Log #CP�6 FLC-OPS Final Action: Accept (7.13.2.4) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Operations Recommendation: Delete 7.�3.�.4. Substantiation: The current language prohibits the use of the apparatus for anything other than a fire. This could be misinterpreted as preventing the use of the apparatus for training. In fact, such apparatus could be and is intended to be used for a full range of emergency response situations, such as pumping water from a flooded area. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. ________________________________________________________________ 30-�08 Log #CP6� FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (Chapter 12 & 13 (Old 6.6 & 6.7)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks

Recommendation: Replace current Sections 6.6 and 6.7 of NFPA 30 with the following new Chapters �� and �3. Chapter �� Storage of Liquids in Containers in Storage Occupancies12.1 Scope. [new] This Chapter shall apply to the storage of liquids in liquid storage rooms, liquid warehouses, and general-purpose warehouses.

12.2 General.

12.2.1 [6.5.2.1] A general purpose warehouse that stores liquids in quantities that exceed the maximum allowable quantities permitted in control areas by Table 9.5.� shall meet all requirements for a liquid storage room or liquid warehouse, whichever is applicable.

General-purpose warehouses, as defined in 3.3.49.�, that store liquids shall be separate, detached buildings or shall be separated from other occupancies by a 4-hour fire wall as defined in NFPA ���, Standard for Fire Walls and Fire Barrier Walls, or, if approved, by a fire partition having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours. Each opening shall be protected as provided for in 6.4.�.�

12.2.2 [new] A general purpose warehouse that stores liquids equal to or below the maximum allowable quantities (MAQ) permitted in control areas by Table 9.5.� [5000: 34.�.3.�] shall meet the requirements in Section ��.3

12.2.3 [new] Facilities covered by this chapter shall meet the requirements of Section 9.�.

12.2.4 [6.1.3.2] For the purposes of this chapter, protected storage installed after January �, �997, shall mean storage installed after January �, �997 that is protected in accordance with Chapter �6. All other storage shall be considered to be unprotected storage unless an alternate means of protection has been approved by the authority having jurisdiction. (See 6.8.2.4 and 6.8.3.)

Exception: As provided for in Chapter �3.(6.4.3.1) The storage of any liquids shall not physically obstruct means of egress.Class I liquids shall be placed so that a fire in the liquid storage area would not prevent egress from the area.(6.4.3.2) Wood at least �5 mm (� in.) nominal thickness shall be permitted to be used for shelving, racks, dunnage, scuffboards, floor overlay, and similar installations.12.2.5 (6.4.3.3) Where storage on racks exists as permitted in this code, a minimum �.� m (4 ft) wide aisle shall be provided between adjacent rack sections and any adjacent storage of liquids. Main aisles shall be a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) wide.12.2.6 (6.4.3.4) Solid pile and palletized storage in liquid warehouses shall be arranged so that piles are separated from each other by at least �.� m (4 ft). Aisles shall be provided and arranged so that no container or portable tank is more than 6 m (�0 ft) from an aisle. Main aisles shall be a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) wide.Exception: For Class IIIB liquids in containers, the distance between piles shall be permitted to be reduced from �.� m (4 ft) to 0.6 m (� ft) in proportion to commensurate reductions in maximum quantity per pile and maximum storage height, as given in Table 6.4.4.�.(6.4.3.5) Class I liquids shall not be permitted in basement areas. Class II and Class IIIA liquids shall be permitted to be stored in basements provided that automatic sprinkler protection and other fire protection facilities are provided in accordance with Chapter �5 (Section 6.8).(6.4.3.6) Limited quantities of combustible commodities, as defined in NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems shall be permitted to be stored in liquid storage areas if the ordinary combustibles, other than those used for packaging the liquids, are separated from the liquids in storage by a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) horizontally either by aisles or by open racks and protection is provided in accordance with Section 6.8.12.2.7 (6.4.3.7) Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside an unprotected liquid storage areas shall be limited to a maximum pile size of �30 m� (�500 ft�) and to a maximum storage height of �.8 m (6 ft). Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside a protected liquid storage area shall comply with NFPA �3 NFPA �30, Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage. 12.2.8 (6.4.3.7) Pallet storage shall be separated from liquid storage by aisles that are at least �.4 m (8 ft) wide.(6.4.3.8) Containers in piles shall be stacked in such a manner as to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress on container walls.[6.4.3.8] Materials handling equipment shall be suitable to hand containers and tanks safely at upper tier levels.12.2.9 (6.4.3.9) Containers in unprotected liquid storage areas shall not be stored closer than 9�4 mm (36 in.) to the nearest beam, chord, girder, or other roof member.12.2.10 Where storage of liquids is protected as defined in 6.1.3.2??, the protection shall meet the requirements of Chapter �5 (Section 6.8).12.3 [new] Requirements for for General-Purpose Warehouses Storing Liquids Equal To or Below the Maximum Allowable Quantities12.3.1 [6.5.2.3] Class IB and IC liquids in containers of 5 L (�.3 gal) or less capacity, Class II liquids in containers of �0 L (5.3 L) or less capacity, and Class III liquids in containers of �30 L (60 gal) or less capacity shall be

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 permitted to be stored in warehouses that handle combustible commodities, as defined in NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, provided that the storage area is protected with automatic sprinklers in accordance with the provisions of NFPA �3 for �0 ft (6 m) high storage of Class IV commodities and the quantities and height of liquid storage are limited to the following:(1) Class IA liquids: not permitted(2) Class IB and IC liquids: �500 L (660 gal), maximum �.5 m (5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above(3) Class II liquid: 5�00 L (�375 gal), maximum �.5 m (5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above(4) Class IIIA liquid: �0,400 L (�750 gal), maximum 3 m (�0 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 3 m (�0 ft)(5) Class IIIB liquid: 5�,000 L (�3,750 gal), maximum 4.6 m (�5 ft) high pile stored on floor, with no rack or other storage above or in storage racks to a maximum height of 4.6 m (�5 ft)12.3.2 [6.4.4.5] Where two or more classes of liquids are stored in a single pile or rack section, the maximum total quantity and the maximum storage height permitted in that pile or rack section shall be the smallest of the individual maximum total quantities and maximum storage heights for the specific classes present, respectively. The maximum total quantity permitted shall be limited to a sum of the proportional amounts that each class of liquid present bears to the maximum total quantity permitted for its respective class. The sum of the proportional amounts shall not exceed �00 percent.12.3.3 [new] The liquid storage shall also comply with ��.3.� and ��.3.3.12.3.4* [6.5.2.4] Liquids in Plastic Containers. Class I and Class II liquids in plastic containers shall not be stored in a general-purpose warehouses but shall be stored in a inside liquid storage room areas that meets the requirements of this chapter Section 6.4.Exception No. 1: The following liquids, packaged in plastic containers, shall be permitted to be stored in general-purpose warehouses in accordance with the protection and storage limitations specified in this Section 6.5.� as follows:(1) Products containing not more than 50 percent by volume of water-miscible liquids, with the remainder of the solution not being a Class I liquid, where packaged in individual containers(2) Products containing more than 50 percent water-miscible liquids in individual containers not exceeding 0.5 L (�6 oz) capacity in cartonsException No. 2: Class I and Class II liquids in plastic containers shall be permitted to be stored in a general-purpose warehouse if the packaging systems are listed and labeled for use with these materials. All other provisions of this Section 6.5.� shall also apply.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A.12.3.4 [A.6.5.2.4] Exception No. � is based on work done by FM Global, which showed that flammable liquids in plastic containers could cause uncontrollable fires under certain conditions of storage in general-purpose warehouses. A research project on flammable liquids container storage carried out by Underwriters Laboratories Inc., under the auspices of the National Fire Protection Research Foundation, has suggested a test protocol that can judge the capability of packaging systems to withstand a small ignition source or to minimize the rate at which the lading is released from the containers, so that the fire can be controlled by automatic sprinklers.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12.3.5 [6.5.2.9] The following shall apply to the storage of liquids and ordinary combustible commodities in general purpose warehouses:(1) Liquids shall not be stored in the same pile or in the same rack sections as ordinary combustible commodities [see ��.3.5(�)]. Where liquids are packaged together with ordinary combustibles, as in kits, the storage shall be considered on the basis of whichever commodity predominates.(2) Except as provided for in ��.3.5(�), ordinary combustible commodities shall be separated from liquids in containers by a minimum distance of �.4 m (8 ft).12.4 [new] Control Areas. Control areas shall be in accordance with Section 9.6.12.5 (6.4.4) Allowable Quantities and Storage Heights.12.5.1 (6.4.4.1) Except as provided for in Chapter 9 and in ��.5.� and ��.5.3, indoor unprotected liquid storage shall comply with Table ��.5.� (Table 6.4.4.�).

Table 6.4.4.1 with the following changes:-change column heading “Maximum Pile Height” to “Maximum Storage

Height”-change column heading “Maximum Quantity per Pile (gal)” to

“Maximum Quantity per Pile or Rack Section” -delete Table note identified with dagger (†)

12.5.2 (6.4.4.2) Storage in liquid storage inside rooms shall meet the requirements specified in Table ��.5.�. In addition, containers over ��4 L (30 gal) capacity that contain Class I or Class II liquids shall not be stacked stored more than one container high in inside rooms.Exception: This requirement shall not apply to liquid storage inside rooms and hazardous materials storage lockers that are located in a liquid warehouse and are provided with equal or greater fire protection than is provided for the warehouse itself.

Table 12.5.2 (Table 6.4.4.2) [No Changes]

12.5.3 (6.4.4.4) The total quantity of liquids stored in a liquid warehouse shall not be restricted. 12.5.4 (6.4.4.5) Where two or more classes of liquids are stored in a single pile or rack section, the following shall apply:(a) The maximum total quantity and the maximum storage height permitted in that pile or rack section shall be the smallest of the individual maximum total quantities and maximum storage heights for the specific classes present, respectively.(b) The maximum total quantity permitted shall be limited to the a sum of the proportional amounts that each class of liquid present bears to the maximum total quantity permitted for its respective class.(c) The sum of the proportional amounts shall not exceed �00 percent.(d) The maximum total quantities in liquid warehouses shall not be restricted. (See also 6.4.4.3.)12.6 Construction Features. (6.5.2.1) General-purpose warehouses, as defined in 3.3.49.1??, that store liquids shall be separate, detached buildings or shall be separated from other occupancies by a 4-hour fire wall as defined in NFPA ���, Standard for Fire Walls and Fire Barrier Walls, or, if approved, by a fire partition having a fire resistance rating of not less than � hours. (6.5.2.1) Each opening shall be protected as provided for in 6.4.�.�.12.6.1* (6.4*) Design and Construction Requirements for Inside Liquid Storage Rooms and Liquid Warehouses. 12.6.1.1 (6.4.2.1) All storage areas shall be constructed to in accordance with Section 9.8 meet the specified fire resistance ratings in Table 6.4.�.�. Such construction shall comply with the test specifications given in NFPA �5�, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction and Materials.12.6.1.2 (6.4.2.2) Openings in interior walls to adjacent rooms or buildings and openings in exterior walls with fire resistance ratings shall be provided with normally closed, listed fire doors with fire protection ratings that corresponding to the fire resistance rating of the wall as specified in Table ��.5.�.�. Such doors shall be permitted to be arranged to stay open during material handling operations if the doors are designed to close automatically in a fire emergency by provision of listed closure devices. Fire doors shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows.Table 12.6.1.2 Fire Protection Ratings for Fire Doors Fire Resistance Rating of Walls (hr) Fire Protection Rating of Doors (hr) � ¾ � �½ 4 3b a) As required by Table 6.4.�.�.b) One fire door required on each side of interior openings for attached liquid warehouses. (6.4.2.3) Exterior walls shall be constructed to provide ready access for fire-fighting operations by means of access openings, windows, or lightweight noncombustible wall panels.Exception: This shall not apply to inside rooms.12.7 Fire Protection. Fire protection, where provided, shall be in accordance with Chapter �6.12.8* Spill Control, Containment and Drainage (6.4.�.5*). Where individual containers exceed �0 gal., spill control shall be in accordance with Section 9.��. curbs, scuppers, special drains, or other suitable means shall be provided to prevent the flow of liquids under emergency conditions into adjacent building areas. If drains are a drainage system is used, they shall have sufficient capacity to carry the expected discharge of water from fire protection systems and hose streams.Exception No. �: Where none of the containers stored in a storage area exceed 38 L (�0 gal), the storage area need not meet this requirement.Exception No. �: Where only Class IIIB liquids are stored in a storage area, regardless of container size, the storage area need not meet this requirement.Exception No. �: Where unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) containing not more than 50 percent by weight of Class IC, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid constituents are protected in accordance with Table 6.8.�(k), the storage area need not meet this requirement.12.9 Ventilation.12.9.1 (6.4.2.7) Liquid storage areas where dispensing is conducted shall be provided with ventilation that meets the requirements of Chapter �8. Liquid storage areas where dispensing is conducted shall be provided with either a gravity or a continuous mechanical exhaust ventilation system in accordance with Chapter �8. Mechanical ventilation shall be used if Class I liquids are dispensed within the room.(6.4.2.7.1) Exhaust air shall be taken from a point near a wall on one side of the room and within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor, with one or more make-up inlets located on the opposite side of the room within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor.(6.4.2.7.1) The location of both the exhaust and inlet air openings shall be arranged to provide, as far as practicable, air movements across all portions of the floor to prevent accumulation of flammable vapors.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 (6.4.2.7.1) Exhaust from the room shall be conducted directly to the exterior of the building and shall not be recirculated. without recirculation.Exception: Recirculation is permitted where it is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor–air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected. (6.4.2.7.1.1) If ducts are used, they shall not be used for any other purpose and shall comply with NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids. If make-up air to a mechanical system is taken from within the building, the opening shall be equipped with a fire door or damper, as required in NFPA 9�. For gravity systems, the make-up air shall be supplied from outside the building.(6.4.2.7.2) Mechanical ventilation systems shall provide at least 0.3 m³/min of exhaust air for each m² of floor area (� cfm/ft²), but not less than 4 m³/min (�50 cfm). The mechanical ventilation system for dispensing areas shall be equipped with an airflow switch or other equally reliable method that is interlocked to sound an audible alarm upon failure of the ventilation system.12.10 Electrical Installations.12.10.1 (6.4.2.6.1) Installation of electrical wiring and utilization equipment shall meet the requirements of Chapter 7 and Section 9.��.(6.4.2.6) In inside storage rooms, electrical wiring and utilization equipment for Class I liquid storage shall be Class I, Division �, and electrical wiring and utilization equipment in inside storage rooms used for the storage of Class II and Class III liquids shall be suitable for general purpose.Exception: Class I, Division � requirements shall apply to Class II and III liquids when stored at temperatures above their flash points.12.11 Explosion Control* (6.4.2.4*). Where required by Section 9.�5, explosion control shall be provided and shall meet the requirements of that Section. Class IA liquids or unstable liquids are dispensed or stored in containers larger than � gal, rooms shall be designed to direct flame, combustion gases and pressures resulting from a deflagration away from important buildings or occupied areas through the use of damage-limiting construction. The damage-limiting construction design shall be in accordance with recognized engineering standards and shall be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.Exception: This shall not apply to inside rooms.12.12 [new] Outdoor Storage. Storage outside of buildings shall meet the requirements of Chapter �3 or Chapter �4, whichever is applicable.12.13 Dispensing, Handling and Use. Dispensing, handling and use in storage areas shall be in accordance with Chapter �8.

Chapter 13 Storage of Liquids in Detached Unprotected Buildings

13.1 Scope This Chapter shall apply to the storage of liquids in detached, unprotected buildings.

13.2 General.(6.4.3.1) The storage of any liquids shall not physically obstruct a means of egress.Class I liquids shall be placed so that a fire involving these the liquids storage area would will not interfere with prevent egress from the area.13.2.1 [new] The building shall have a horizontal separation of at least �00 feet from exposed business, industrial, mercantile and storage occupancies on the same lot and from any property line that is or can be built upon. Where protection for exposures is provided the horizontal separation, shall be at least �00 ft.13.2.2 [new] The building shall have a horizontal separation of at least �000 feet from exposed occupancies other than business, industrial, mercantile and storage on the same lot and from any property line that is or can be built upon. Where protection for exposures is provided, the horizontal separation shall be at least 500 ft.13.2.3 [new] Means of egress from the building shall not exceed 75 ft.(6.4.3.2) Wood at least �5 mm (� in.) nominal thickness shall be permitted to be used for shelving, racks, dunnage, scuffboards, floor overlay, and similar installations if at least �5 mm (� in.) nominal thickness.13.2.3 (6.4.3.3) Where Rack storage shall be arranged with on racks exists as permitted in this code, a minimum �.� m (4 ft) wide aisles shall be provided between adjacent rack sections and between liquid storage and any adjacent storage of liquids. Main aisles shall be a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) wide.13.2.4 (6.4.3.4) Solid pile and palletized storage in liquid warehouses shall be arranged so that piles are separated from each other by at least �.� m (4 ft). Aisles shall be provided and arranged so that no container or portable tank is more than 6 m (�0 ft) from an aisle. Main aisles shall be a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) wide.Exception: For Class IIIB liquids in containers, the distance between piles shall be permitted to be reduced from �.� m (4 ft) to 0.6 m (� ft) in proportion to commensurate reductions in maximum quantity per pile and maximum storage height, as given in Table ��.5.�.(6.4.3.5) Class I liquids shall not be permitted to be stored in basement areas. Class II and Class IIIA liquids shall be permitted to be stored in basements provided the basement is protected that automatic sprinkler protection and

other fire protection facilities are provided in accordance with Chapter �5 (Section 6.8). Class IIIB liquids shall be permitted to be stored in basements with no additional protection required.13.2.6 (6.4.3.6) Limited quantities of combustible commodities, as defined in NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, shall be permitted to be stored in liquid storage areas if the ordinary combustibles, other than those used for packaging the liquids, are separated from the liquids in storage by a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) horizontally either by aisles or by open racksLimited quantities of combustible commodities, as defined in NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems (was NFPA 230), shall be permitted to be stored in liquid storage areas if the following criterion are met:(a) Ordinary combustibles, other than those used for packaging the liquids, shall be are separated from the liquids in storage by a minimum of �.4 m (8 ft) horizontally either by aisles or by open racks(b) Protection shall be is provided in accordance with Chapter �5 Section 6.8.13.2.7 (6.4.3.7) Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside an unprotected liquid storage areas shall be limited to a maximum pile size of �30 m� (�500 ft�) and to a maximum storage height of �.8 m (6 ft). Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside a protected liquid storage areas shall be protected in accordance with NFPA �3, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, comply with NFPA �30, Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage.13.2.7.1 (6.4.3.7) Pallet storage shall be separated from liquid storage by aisles that are at least �.4 m (8 ft) wide.(6.4.3.8) Where containers, intermediate bulk containers, or portable tanks are stacked, they in piles shall be stacked so that in such a manner as to provide stability is maintained and to prevent excessive stress on container walls is prevented.13.2.8.1 [6.4.3.8] Portable tanks and intermediate bulk containers stored over one tier high shall be designed to nest securely, without the use of dunnage.13.2.8.2 [6.4.3.8] Materials handling equipment shall be capable of suitable to handling containers, portable tanks, and intermediate bulk containers and tanks safely at upper tier levels.13.2.9 (6.4.3.9) Containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks shall not be stored closer than 9�4 mm (36 in.) to the nearest beam, chord, girder, or other roof member.13.4 Allowable Quantities and Storage Heights.13.4.1* (6.4.4.1) Except as provided for in Chapter 9 and in �3.�.3 and �3.�.4, indoor unprotected liquid storage shall comply with Table �3.4.� (Table 6.4.4.�).

Table 6.4.4.1 with the following changes:-change column heading “Maximum Pile Height” to “Maximum Storage

Height”-change column heading “Maximum Quantity per Pile (gal)” to

“Maximum Quantity per Pile or Rack Section” -delete “Maximum Total Quantity Column -delete Table note identified with dagger (†)

(6.4.4.1*) Except as provided for in 6.4.3.4? and in 6.4.4.2? through 6.4.4.4?, indoor unprotected liquid storage shall comply with Table 6.4.4.1?. 13.4.2 (6.4.4.3) Unprotected storage of liquids in racks or piles shall not exceed the maximum total quantities allowed by Table 6.4.4.�.Exception: Liquid warehouses do not need to comply with this requirement.(6.4.4.4) The total quantity of liquids stored in a liquid warehouse shall not be restricted. However, the storage heights and maximum quantity per pile or rack section for unprotected storage shall comply with Table 6.4.4.�.13.4.3 (6.4.4.5) Where two or more classes of liquids are stored in a single pile or rack section, the following shall apply:(a) The maximum storage height permitted in that pile or rack section shall be the smallest of the individual storage heights for the specific classes present, respectively.(b) The maximum quantity per pile or rack section shall be limited to the a sum of the proportional amounts that each class of liquid present bears to the maximum quantity permitted for its respective class.(c) The sum of the proportional amounts shall not exceed �00 percent.13.5 (6.4*) Design and Construction Requirements 13.5.1 [new] The building shall not exceed � story in height. All storage areas shall be constructed to meet the specified fire resistance ratings in Table 6.4.�.�. Such construction shall comply with the test specifications given in NFPA �5�, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction and Materials.13.5.2 [new] The building shall not have basements, crawlspaces, or other accessible underfloor areas.Openings in interior walls to adjacent rooms or buildings and openings in exterior walls with fire resistance ratings shall be provided with normally closed, listed fire doors with fire protection ratings that corresponding to the fire resistance rating of the wall as specified in Table �3.5.�.�. Such doors shall be permitted to be arranged to stay open during material handling operations if the doors are designed to close automatically in a fire emergency by provision of listed closure devices. Fire doors shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows.Table 13.5.1.2 Fire Protection Ratings for Fire Doors Fire Resistance Rating of Walls (hr) Fire Protection Rating of Doors

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 (hr) � ¾ � �½ 4 3b a) As required by Table 6.4.�.�.b) One fire door required on each side of interior openings for attached liquid warehouses. (6.4.2.3) Exterior walls shall be constructed to provide ready access for fire-fighting operations by means of access openings, windows, or lightweight noncombustible wall panels.Exception: This shall not apply to inside rooms.13.6 Fire Protection [new]13.6.1 Automatic fire protection systems shall not be required.13.6.2 Manual fire fighting equipment needed for incipient level fire protection shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 9. Fire protection, where required, shall be in accordance with Chapter �513.7* (6.4.2.5) Spill Control, Containment, and Drainage.13.7.1 Where individual containers exceed �0 gal, spill control shall be provided in accordance with Section 9.��.13.7.2 Containment or drainage shall be provided in accordance with Section 9.��.Exception: Containment or drainage need not be provided for fire protection water if the building does not have a water-based fire protection system.13.8 Ventilation. Liquid storage areas where dispensing is conducted shall be provided with ventilation that meets the requirements of Chapter �8. Liquid storage areas where dispensing is conducted shall be provided with either a gravity or a continuous mechanical exhaust ventilation system. Mechanical ventilation shall be used if Class I liquids are dispensed within the room. (6.4.2.7.1) Exhaust air shall be taken from a point near a wall on one side of the room and within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor, with one or more make-up inlets located on the opposite side of the room within 300 mm (�� in.) of the floor. (6.4.2.7.1) The location of both the exhaust and inlet air openings shall be arranged to provide, as far as practicable, air movements across all portions of the floor to prevent accumulations of flammable vapors. (6.4.2.7.1) Exhaust from the room shall be conducted directly to the exterior of the building and shall not be recirculated. without recirculation.Exception: Recirculation is permitted where it is monitored continuously using a fail-safe system that is designed to automatically sound an alarm, stop recirculation, and provide full exhaust to the outside in the event that vapor–air mixtures in concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammable limit are detected. (6.4.2.7.1.1) If ducts are used, they shall not be used for any other purpose and shall comply with NFPA 9�, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids. If make-up air to a mechanical system is taken from within the building, the opening shall be equipped with a fire door or damper, as required in NFPA 9�. For gravity systems, the make-up air shall be supplied from outside the building.(6.4.2.7.2) Mechanical ventilation systems shall provide at least 0.3 m³/min of exhaust air for each m² of floor area (� cfm/ft²), but not less than 4 m³/min (�50 cfm). The mechanical ventilation system for dispensing areas shall be equipped with an airflow switch or other equally reliable method that is interlocked to sound an audible alarm upon failure of the ventilation system.13.9 Electrical Installations. (6.4.2.6.1) Installation of electrical wiring and utilization equipment shall meet the requirements of Chapter 7 and Section 9.�0.13.10.1 Electrical area classification shall not be required for liquid storage areas where all containers, intermediate bulk containers, and portable tanks are sealed and are not opened, except as provided for in 9.��.3.13.10 Explosion Control. (6.4.�.4*) Where required by Section 9.�4, explosion control shall be provided and shall meet the requirements of that Section. Where Class IA liquids or unstable liquids are dispensed or stored in containers larger than � L (� gal), rooms shall be designed to direct flame, combustion gases and pressures resulting from a deflagration away from important buildings or occupied areas through the use of damage-limiting construction. The damage-limiting construction design shall be in accordance with recognized engineering standards and shall be acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.13.11 [new] Outdoor Storage. Storage outside of buildings shall meet the requirements of Chapter �3 or Chapter �4, whichever is applicable.13.12 [new] Dispensing, Handling and Use. Dispensing, handling and use in storage areas shall be in accordance with Chapter �8. Substantiation: The proposed new Chapters �� and �3 incorporate the new HazMat template, which establishes a standard format for all NFPA Technical Committee documents dealing with storage, handling, and use of hazardous materials. The proposed new chapters also include a number of technical changes that are intended to correlate NFPA 30’s requirements for container storage (including intermediate bulk containers and portable tanks) with the provisions of NFPA �, Uniform Fire Code, and NFPA 5000, Building Code. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M.

Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-�09 Log #46 FLC-OPS Final Action: Reject (Entire Document) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Denyse Dubrucq, AirWars Defense Recommendation: Add new text as follows: Liquid Nitrogen automatic sprinkler systems require one Liquid Nitrogen dispensing unit per continuous air volume, rather than many water sprinkler heads to insure the whole area would be dampened. The liquid nitrogen is rained down in droplets evaporating, flooding the space with cold Nitrogen gas. This cools the air gelling or solidifying the combustibles and displacing most of the Oxygen preventing explosions and burning. Liquid Nitrogen excels in a grease, oil or wax fires where water causes these organic to spatter spreading the burn. Where water damages the contents and decor, Nitrogen does to disturb the contents, colors and cools the air reducing heat warping of plastics. Dispenser units are installed in one wall at a height above floor allowing droplets to evaporate as they fall flooding space with cold Nitrogen gas. Fire recovery is less costly. Losses are limited to what burned in the fire before Liquid Nitrogen application. Structural damage is reduced by its cooling the structure. The reservoir should contain enough Nitrogen to fill a protected living unit when evaporated. The fire department adds to Liquid Nitrogen supply in multi-unit fires. Substantiation:

This drawing of a unit system where �0 indicates a reservoir, �0 a the transfer tubing, �� the dispenser, and �4 the means to affix the dispenser to the window inset or wall. When the Liquid Nitrogen is dispersed it is liquid � and as it evaporates it is gaseous 4. In the case of a Liquid Nitrogen (LN) fixed fire control system, the reservoir can hold one or more quantities to flood one or more living units with Nitrogen. Fire department LN supplies can add to the volume for multiple unit fires. Liquid Nitrogen systems should be included with Water systems for the following reasons: �. Both Nitrogen and water are major ingredients in the natural earth’s atmosphere. �. Both Liquid Nitrogen and liquid water are brought to the fire scene. 3. Both are fire retardants in their gaseous form. 4. Both provide cooling of the vicinity of the fire through evaporation. 5. Both in great volume do not pollute the atmosphere. 6. Both in great volume do not pollute the watershed. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The subject of this proposal is not within the scope of NFPA 30. This is properly in the scope of NFPA �00�, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems. The submitter is advised to resubmit this proposal to the Technical Committee on Halon Alternative Protection Options. Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. ________________________________________________________________ 30-��0 Log #47 FLC-OPS Final Action: Reject (New Text) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Denyse Dubrucq, AirWars Defense Recommendation: Add new text as follows:

30-69

Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Covers the design, installation, maintenance and testing of water spray fixed systems a nd of Liquid Nitrogen rain fixed systems. Applies to all flammable and combustible liquids except those that are solid at �00°F or above. Covers tank storage, piping, valves and fittings, container storage, industrial plants, bulk plants, service stations and processing plants. Substantiation: Liquid Nitrogen automatic sprinkler systems require one Liquid Nitrogen dispensing unit per continuous air volume, rather than many water sprinkler heads to insure the whole area would be dampened. The liquid nitrogen is rained down in droplets evaporating, flooding the space with cold Nitrogen gas. This cools the air gelling or solidifying the combustibles and displacing most of the Oxygen preventing explosions and burning. Liquid Nitrogen excels in a grease, oil or wax fire where water causes the organics to spatter spreading the burn. Where water damages the contents and decor, Nitrogen does not disturb the contents, colors and cools the air reducing heat warping of plastics. Dispenser units are installed in one wall at a height above floor allowing droplets to evaporates as they fall flooding space with cold Nitrogen gas. fine recovery is less costly. Losses are limited to what burned in the fire before Liquid Nitrogen application. Structural damage is reduced by its cooling the structure. The reservoir should contain enough Nitrogen to fill a protected living unit when evaporated. The fire department adds to Liquid Nitrogen supply in mult-unit fires. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The subject of this proposal is not within the scope of NFPA 30. This is properly in the scope of NFPA �00�, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems. The submitter is advised to resubmit this proposal to the Technical Committee on Halon Alternative Protection Options. Number Eligible to Vote: 30 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �8 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J., Milewski, G. ________________________________________________________________ 30-��� Log #47a FLC-SWC Final Action: Reject (New Text) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Denyse Dubrucq, AirWars Defense Recommendation: Add new text as follows: Covers the design, installation, maintenance and testing of water spray fixed systems a nd of Liquid Nitrogen rain fixed systems. Applies to all flammable and combustible liquids except those that are solid at �00°F or above. Covers tank storage, piping, valves and fittings, container storage, industrial plants, bulk plants, service stations and processing plants. Substantiation: Liquid Nitrogen automatic sprinkler systems require one Liquid Nitrogen dispensing unit per continuous air volume, rather than many water sprinkler heads to insure the whole area would be dampened. The liquid nitrogen is rained down in droplets evaporating, flooding the space with cold Nitrogen gas. This cools the air gelling or solidifying the combustibles and displacing most of the Oxygen preventing explosions and burning. Liquid Nitrogen excels in a grease, oil or wax fire where water causes the organics to spatter spreading the burn. Where water damages the contents and decor, Nitrogen does not disturb the contents, colors and cools the air reducing heat warping of plastics. Dispenser units are installed in one wall at a height above floor allowing droplets to evaporates as they fall flooding space with cold Nitrogen gas. fine recovery is less costly. Losses are limited to what burned in the fire before Liquid Nitrogen application. Structural damage is reduced by its cooling the structure. The reservoir should contain enough Nitrogen to fill a protected living unit when evaporated. The fire department adds to Liquid Nitrogen supply in mult-unit fires. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The subject of this proposal is not within the scope of NFPA 30. This is properly in the scope of NFPA �00�, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems. The submitter is advised to resubmit this proposal to the Technical Committee on Halon Alternative Protection Options. Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M. Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-��� Log #47b FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (New Text) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Denyse Dubrucq, AirWars Defense Recommendation: Add new text as follows: Covers the design, installation, maintenance and testing of water spray fixed systems a nd of Liquid Nitrogen rain fixed systems. Applies to all flammable and combustible liquids except those that are solid at �00°F or above. Covers tank storage, piping, valves and fittings, container storage, industrial plants, bulk plants, service stations and processing plants. Substantiation: Liquid Nitrogen automatic sprinkler systems require one Liquid Nitrogen dispensing unit per continuous air volume, rather than many

water sprinkler heads to insure the whole area would be dampened. The liquid nitrogen is rained down in droplets evaporating, flooding the space with cold Nitrogen gas. This cools the air gelling or solidifying the combustibles and displacing most of the Oxygen preventing explosions and burning. Liquid Nitrogen excels in a grease, oil or wax fire where water causes the organics to spatter spreading the burn. Where water damages the contents and decor, Nitrogen does not disturb the contents, colors and cools the air reducing heat warping of plastics. Dispenser units are installed in one wall at a height above floor allowing droplets to evaporates as they fall flooding space with cold Nitrogen gas. fine recovery is less costly. Losses are limited to what burned in the fire before Liquid Nitrogen application. Structural damage is reduced by its cooling the structure. The reservoir should contain enough Nitrogen to fill a protected living unit when evaporated. The fire department adds to Liquid Nitrogen supply in mult-unit fires. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: The subject of this proposal is not within the scope of NFPA 30. This is properly in the scope of NFPA �00�, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems. The submitter is advised to resubmit this proposal to the Technical Committee on Halon Alternative Protection Options. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-��3 Log #�3 FLC-TAN Final Action: Reject (A.4.3.2.3.2(B)) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Philip Myers, Chevron Products, Co. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: A.4.3.�.3.�(B) An aboveground storage tank dike is normally sized to contain the entire contents of the largest single tank within it. The entire contents of a tank is defined as the design liquid level in API 650 “Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage” or as defined by API �350 “Tank Overfill Protection of Storage Tanks in Petroleum Facilities.” Some designs incorporate sufficient freeboard (additional capacity) to accommodate precipitation or fire-fighting water. The amount of this freeboard is usually governed by local conditions. Substantiation: The definition of “entire contents” is taken to mean “shell volume” by EPA under the new SPCC rules. Since a tank is not operated above the design level as defined by API 650 this is the level that should be used to compute secondary containment requirements. Committee Meeting Action: Reject Committee Statement: NFPA 30 assumes a full tank, not a design level. This is interpreted as the entire capacity of the tank or the capacity up to the overflow point. Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T. ________________________________________________________________ 30-��4 Log #�� FLC-TAN Final Action: Accept in Principle (A.4.6.1.1 (New) ) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Philip Myers, Chevron Products, Co. Recommendation: Include reference to API Standard �350 to read as follows: Specific requirements and details for aboveground tank overfill protection systems are provided in API Standard �350 Tank Overfill Protection of Storage Tanks in Petroleum Facilities. Substantiation: The details for implementation are important. NFPA 30 does not have sufficient detail to accomplish the intended purpose. It should be included in the Annex. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle See Proposal 30-50 (Log #50). Committee Statement: See Proposal 30-50 (Log #50). Number Eligible to Vote: 24 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �3 Ballot Not Returned: � Keigher, T.

________________________________________________________________ 30-��5 Log #CP53 FLC-SWC Final Action: Accept (A.6.8.2) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Storage and Warehousing of Containers and Portable Tanks Recommendation: Add a new paragraph to the end of Annex A.6.8.� to read: “ In testing involving metal containers, only steel containers were tested. Other metals, such as aluminum, have not been tested. ” Substantiation: This is a clarification and a warning to users of the code. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 29 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �4 Abstain: � Ballot Not Returned: 4 LeBlanc, J., Mehta, N., Nugent, D., Workman, M.

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Report on Proposals F2006 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 30 Explanation of Abstention: TONER, H.: See My Explanation of Abstention for 30-64 (Log #CP58). ________________________________________________________________ 30-��6 Log #33 FLC-FUN Final Action: Accept (H.1.2.11) ________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Roland A. Riegel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: H.1.2.11 UL Publications . Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 6006�. ANSI/UL 30, Standard for Metal Safety Cans, �999. UL �4�, Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, �993 �00� . ANSI/UL �3�3, Standard for Nonmetallic Safety Cans for Petroleum Products, �003. ANSI/ UL �3�6, Standard for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Underground Storage Tanks for Petroleum Products, Alcohols, and Alcohol-Gasoline Mixtures, �983 �994 . ANSI/ UL �709, Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel, �994. UL �746, Standard for External Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Storage Tanks, �993 , Revised February �00� . ANSI/ UL �085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, �997 , Revised December �999 . SU��58, Outline of Investigation for Tanks for Oil Burner Fuel - Non-metallic, �999. Substantiation: The proposed revision identifies the correct title and editions of various UL standards. ANSI/UL 30 and ANSI/UL �3�3 are added based on the Annex A.3.3.38 proposed to 3.3.38. Additionally, the proposed addition identifies the UL outline for evaluation of tank types for oil burner fuel, similar to UL80, except with nonmetallic constructions, and therefore, contain additional requirements for compatibility, physical abuse and fire resistance. This coordinates with the proposed modification to 4.�.3.�.� by the addition of A.4.�.3.�.�. Committee Meeting Action: Accept Number Eligible to Vote: 21 Ballot Results: Affirmative: �0 Ballot Not Returned: � LeBlanc, J.

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What Amending Motions are Allowed. The Technical Committee Reports contain many Proposals and Comments that the Technical Committee has rejected or revised in whole or in part. Actions of the Technical Committee published in the ROP may also eventually be rejected or revised by the Technical Committee during the development of its ROC. The motions allowed by NFPA rules provide the opportunity to propose amendments to the text of a proposed code or standard based on these published Proposals, Comments and Committee actions. Thus, the list of allowable motions include motions to accept Proposals and Comments in whole or in part as submitted or as modified by a Technical Committee action. Motions are also available to reject an accepted Comment in whole or part. In addition, Motions can be made to return an entire Technical Committee Report or a portion of the Report to the Technical Committee for further study.

The NFPA Annual Meeting, also known as the World SafetyConference and Exposition®, takes place in June of each year. A second Fall membership meeting was discontinued in 2004, so the NFPA Technical Report Session now runs once each yearat the Annual Meeting in June.

Who Can Make Amending Motions. Those authorized to make these motions is also regulated by NFPA rules. In many cases, the maker of the motion is limited by NFPA rules to the original submitter of the Proposal or Comment or his or her duly authorized representative. In other cases, such as a Motion to Reject an accepted Comment, or to Return a Technical Committee Report or a portion of a Technical Committee Report for Further Study, anyone can make these motions. For a complete explanation, NFPA rules should be consulted.

The filing of a Notice of Intent to Make a Motion. Before making an allowable motion at a Technical Report Session, the intended maker of the motion must file, in advance of the session, and within the published deadline, a Notice of Intent to Make a Motion. A Motions Committee appointed by the Standards Council then reviews all notices and certifies all amending motions that are proper. The Motions Committee can also, in consultation with the makers of the motions, clarify the intent of the motions and, in certain circumstances, combine motions that are dependent on each other together so that they can be made in one single motion. A Motions Committee report is then made available in advance of the meeting listing all certified motions. Only these Certified Amending Motions, together with certain allowable Follow-Up Motions (that is, motions that have become necessary as a result of previous successful amending motions) will be allowed at the Technical Report Session.

Consent Documents. Often there are codes and standards up for consideration by the membership that will be non-controversial and no proper Notices of Intent to Make a Motion will be filed. These “Consent Documents” will bypass the Technical Report Session and head straight to the Standards Council for issuance. The remaining Documents are then forwarded to the Technical Report Session for consideration of the NFPA membership.

Important Note: The filing of a Notice of Intent to Make a Motion is a new requirement that takes effect beginning with those Documents scheduled for the Fall 2005 revision cycle that reports to the June 2006 Annual Meeting Technical Report Session. The filing of a Notice of Intent to Make a Motion will not, therefore, be required in order to make a motion at the June 2005 Annual Meeting Technical Report Session. For updates on the transition to the new Notice requirement and related new rules effective for the Fall 2005 revision cycle and the June 2006 Annual Meeting, check the NFPA website.

Action on Motions at the Technical Report Session. In order to actually make a Certified Amending Motion at the Technical Report Session, the maker of the motion must sign in at least an hour before the session begins. In this way a final list of motions can be set in advance of the session. At the session, each proposed Document up for consideration is presented by a motion to adopt the Technical Committee Report on the Document. Following each such motion, the presiding officer in charge of the session opens the floor to motions on the Document from the final list of Certified Amending Motions followed by any permissible Follow-Up Motions. Debate and voting on each motion proceeds in accordance with NFPA rules. NFPA membership is not required in order to make or speak to a motion, but voting is limited to NFPA members who have joined at least 180 days prior to the session and have registered for the meeting. At the close of debate on each motion, voting takes place, and the motion requires a majority vote to carry. In order to amend a Technical Committee Report, successful amending motions must be confirmed by the responsible Technical Committee, which conducts a written ballot on all successful amending motions following the meeting and prior to the Document being forwarded to the Standards Council for issuance.

Standards Council Issuance

One of the primary responsibilities of the NFPA Standards Council, as the overseer of the NFPA codes and standards development process, is to act as the official issuer of all NFPA codes and standards. When it convenes to issue NFPA documents it also hears any appeals related to the Document. Appeals are an important part of assuring that all NFPA rules have been followed and that due process and fairness have been upheld throughout the codes and standards development process. The Council considers appeals both in writing and through the conduct of hearings at which all interested parties can participate. It decides appeals based on the entire record of the process as well as all submissions on the appeal. After deciding all appeals related to a Document before it, the Council, if appropriate, proceeds to issue the Document as an official NFPA code or standard. Subject only to limited review by the NFPA Board of Directors, the Decision of the Standards Council is final, and the new NFPA code or standard becomes effective twenty days after Standards Council issuance. The illustration on page 9 provides an overview of the entire process, which takes approximately two full years to complete.