REMEMBER !REMEMBER !PLACEMENT TEST per i ritardatariGiovedi, ore 11, P3

Lettorato 1C SWIFT – cambio orario

Merc 10-11.30 (T30)

DIDATTICA WEB Lingua Inglese 1 LLEM“Files” e “Comunicazioni” 1

What you need to pass the exam What you need to pass the exam if you are attending classesif you are attending classes

Material from “Files” (handout, powerpoint, documents, summaries)

Check the Didattica Web bacheca regularlyWebsite (david brett)Regular study and practice every week

2

What you need to pass the exam What you need to pass the exam if you are NOT attending classesif you are NOT attending classes

Material from “Files” (handout, powerpoint, documents, summaries)

Check the Didattica Web bacheca regularlyWebsite (david brett)Regular practice every weekBooks in bibliography

3

Bibliography (if you need to Bibliography (if you need to understand further/better) understand further/better)

Roach, P. English Phonetics and Phonology. Cambridge University Press

Carstairs-McCarthy A., An introduction to English morphology. Edinburgh University Press

Thomas, L. Beginning Syntax. Blackwell. 4

What you will find in the examWhat you will find in the exam

Written examQuestions on each lesson

- 40% phonetics/phonology

- 20% syntax

- 20% morphology

- 20% lexical semantics

5

2010-11 LINGUA INGLESE 1 modulo A/B2010-11 LINGUA INGLESE 1 modulo A/BIntroduction to English LinguisticsIntroduction to English Linguisticsprof. Hugo Bowlesprof. Hugo Bowles

Lesson 3

Morphology 16

Structure UsePragmatics

Meaning (semantics)GrammarMedium of

Transmission

Phonetics Phonology Morphology Syntax Lexicon Discourse

Structure of Spoken Language (from Crystal 1997)

8

MorphologyMorphology

The study of the structure of words

CLASSIFYING CLASSIFYING MORPHOLOGYMORPHOLOGY

THE OVERALL PICTURETHE OVERALL PICTURE

Inflection

Derivation Composition

Word formation

MORPHOLOGY SYNTAX

GRAMMAR

MorphemesMorphemes

minimal unit of meaning or grammatical function

distinction between free morphemes and bound morphemes

Free morphemesFree morphemes

can stand by themselves as a single word

e.g. grace

Can be lexical (e.g. boy,elephant)

or functional (e.g. and, but)

Bound morphemesBound morphemes

Cannot stand alone but need to be “bound” to another morpheme, e.g. re-, -ful

Prefixes and suffixes are bound morphemes

Divided into derivational and inflectional

BASE FORMS BASE FORMS

boy, yes, elephant boy, yes, elephant

No CONSTITUENT PARTS

also called ROOTS or STEMS

PREFIXESPREFIXES

e.g. un-, de-, super- e.g. un-, de-, super-

meaningful elements

come BEFORE base form

lexical role – allow for the construction of a large number of new words

SUFFIXESSUFFIXESe.g. –ness, -ed, -ere.g. –ness, -ed, -er

meaningful elements

2 types:

DERIVATIONAL

INFLECTIONAL

DEFINING SUFFIXESDEFINING SUFFIXES

DERIVATIONALe.g. -ness, -ship, -able

change meaning of base formlexical role

INFLECTIONALe.g. -s, -ed, -er

no lexical meaninggrammatical role only

SUFFIXES

INFLECTION OF PLURALINFLECTION OF PLURAL

REGULAR FORM-s, -es, -ies

IRREGULAR FORMes. children

SINGULAR MEANINGes. scissors, binoculars

PLURALSinflection

INFLECTION OF VERBSINFLECTION OF VERBS

BASE FORM

3rd pers. sing.

-S FORM

gerund

-ING FORM

past tense, past part.

-ED FORM

TYPES OF INFLECTION

green house vs. greenhouse green house vs. greenhouse

green housetwo wordshouse which is

greenmeaning is

predictableclassified as a

PHRASE (NP)

greenhouseone worda particular type of

building (serra)meaning not

predictableclassified as a

COMPOUND

black bird vs. blackbirdblack bird vs. blackbird(like green house vs. greenhouse)(like green house vs. greenhouse)

BLACK BIRD

meaning is predictable

classified as a PHRASE (NP)

BLACKBIRD

meaning not predictable

classified as a COMPOUND

white house vs. White Housewhite house vs. White House

white house

casa bianca

meaning is predictable

classified as a PHRASE (NP)

White House

Casa Bianca

meaning not predictable

classified as a COMPOUND

Compounds can be single Compounds can be single wordswords

or combinations of wordsor combinations of words

e.g. blackbird

e.g. White House

COMPOUNDS COMPOUNDS

COMPOUND VERBS

COMPOUND ADJECTIVES

COMPOUND NOUNS

COMPOUND VERBSCOMPOUND VERBS

VERB-VERB stir-fry

NOUN-VERB air-condition

ADJECTIVE VERB dry-clean

PREPOSITION VERB underestimate

COMPOUND ADJECTIVESCOMPOUND ADJECTIVES

NOUN-ADJECTIVE sky-high

ADJECTIVE-ADJECTIVE red-hot

PREPOSITION-ADJECTIVE hyper-active

COMPOUND NOUNSCOMPOUND NOUNS

VERB-NOUN swearword

NOUN-NOUN hairnet

ADJECTIVE NOUN blackboard

PREPOSITION-NOUN overcoat