Relative clauses or Adjective Clauses Relative clauses or Adjective Clauses

Focus on Grammar

The Fearless PrincessA Fairytale

Once upon a time, there was a prince.

He decided to take a walk in a dark and scary forest.

All of a sudden, a terrible storm moved in…

…and the prince got completely lost.

In the morning, a terrifying dragon found the prince. The prince became very, very scared.

Suddenly a knight in armour appeared from behind a tree and attacked the dragon.

Now, the terrible dragon was afraid and ran away.

When the prince walked up to the knight, the knight took off his armour …

… and a beautiful princess stood in front of him.

She was strong and smart and sweet …

… and she took him to her castle

where they lived happily ever after.

Can you complete these definitions?

An adjective clause is a …

Adjective clause pronouns (or relative pronouns) are …

An adjective describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.

An adjective clause is a dependent clause that describes a noun or pronoun in a main clause.

Adjective clause pronouns (or relative pronouns) are who, which and where.

DefinitionsDefinitions

An adjective describes …

This is the prince whowho got lost.

Here is the knight whowho the prince respects.

This is the princess whowho saved the prince.

Relative Pronouns 1Relative Pronouns 1

UseUse who who to refer to people.

The knight holds the sword whichwhich scared the dragon.

The dragon whichwhich scared the prince spits fire.

Relative Pronouns 2Relative Pronouns 2

UseUse which which to refer to things.

He attacked the dragon.

Here is the knight.

nounadjective clause

describes the noun

Adjective Clauses 1Adjective Clauses 1

subject

Here is the knight who attacked the dragon.

Do you see the dragon which scared the prince?

It scared the prince.

Do you see the dragon?

noun

Adjective Clauses 2Adjective Clauses 2

adjective clause describes the noun

subject

The dragon was dangerous.

The knight attacked the dragon.

The dragon which the knight attacked was very dangerous.

nounadjective clause

describes the noun

Adjective Clauses 3Adjective Clauses 3

subjectobject

This is the castle.

They went to live there.

This is the castle where they went to live.

nounadjective clause

describes the noun

Adjective Clauses 4Adjective Clauses 4

Who and what

are these fairytale

figures and items?

Form sentences with adjective clauses.Practice 1Practice 1

1

2 3

4

5

Solutions to practice 1Solutions to practice 1

1. This is the witch who put a spell on Snowwhite.

2. This is the apple which Snowwhite ate.

3. This is the shoe which Cinderella lost.

4. This is the girl who turned into a princess.

5. This is the frog who turned into a prince.

Practice 2Practice 2Combine the sentences below. Change the second sentence to an adjective clause.

1. The storm is frightening. The prince is walking through the storm.

The storm, through whichthrough which the prince is

walking (through)(through), is frightening.

2. The princess is fearless. The prince escapes with her.

The princess, (with) who(m)(with) who(m) the prince

escapes withwith, is fearless.

Practice 3Practice 3

Don’t forget to use the characters from the fairytale,

Make a sentence using each of the 3 Relative Pronouns to describe place.