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Practice Exercises #8 Chapter 6 Functions

Dr. Mohamed Aissa COMP151 Introduction to Algorithms and Programming

Practice Exercises #8 Functions

Related Chapter Chapter Title

6 |Functions

STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of this practical exercise, a successful student will be able to:

draw a flowchart to find the factorial of a positive integer,

declare a function,

call a function,

define a function,

write a program to declare, call and define a function to calculate the factorial of a positive

integer

test the written program in one of Computer Labs.

1. Draw a flowchart to calculate the factorial of a positive integer:

2. Write a program using a function. The program is to print the factorial for a given

integer number n. You should have a function to calculate the factorial of that introduced

number. The main program coordinates the process of inputting values and calling this

function as necessary.

Questions

stionsExercise



Flowchart

START

yes

no

Fact=1

Fact=1

Fact=Fact*I

I=I+1

N <I

no

END

N, Fact

N=0 yes

N



Program

// Function prototypes

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

double factorial(int);

int main( )

{

int n;

double result;

cout << "Enter a value for n: ";

cin >> n;

result = factorial(n);

cout << "\n The factorial of n is " << result<< endl;

return(0);

}

double factorial(int m)

{

int i;

double fact;

fact=1;

if (m==0)

{

fact=1;

return(fact);

}

for (i=1;i<=m;i++)

fact=fact*i;

return(fact);

}



Practice Exercises #9 Pass-by-Value and Pass-by-Reference


6 |Functions



Apply passing arguments by value and by reference,

write programs calling functions and passing arguments by value and by reference,

test the written programs in one of Computer Labs.

1. Write a program using two functions. The program is to print the area of a rectangle for

a given input length and width. One of these function should be called from the main

program by pass-by-value arguments and the second by pass-by-reference arguments.

Try to use some mechanisms to detect the difference between the two types of calls.

The main program coordinates the process of inputting values, calling these functions

and printing outputs on the screen.

Questions

stionsExercise



// Calculate the area of a rectangle

// Pass-by-Value and Pass-by-Reference

#include <iostream>


// Function prototype

float area1(float,float);

float area2(float &,float &);

main()

{

float x,y,surf;

cout << "Enter values for length x and width y: ";

cin >> x >> y;

cout <<endl;

cout << "Value of x and y before functions calls"<< endl;

cout << "x=" << x << endl;

cout << "y=" << y << endl;

cout <<endl;

surf = area1(x,y);

cout << "Pass By Value"<< endl;

cout << "Rectangle1 area is " << surf << endl;

cout << "Value of x and y after Pass-by-Value call"<< endl;

cout << "x=" << x << endl;

cout << "y=" << y << endl;

cout <<endl;

surf = area2(x,y);

cout << "Pass By Reference"<< endl;

cout << "Rectangle2 area is " << surf << endl;

cout << "Value of x and y after Pass-by-Reference call"<< endl;

cout << "x=" << x << endl;

cout << "y=" << y << endl;

cout <<endl;

return(0);

} // End of main



// Function Definitions_ Pass By value

float area1(float x, float y)

{

float surf1; //local variable

x=x+1;

y=y+1;

surf1 = x * y;

return(surf1);

}

// Function Definitions_ Pass By Reference

float area2(float &x, float &y)

{

float surf2; //local variable

x=x+1;

y=y+1;

surf2 =x*y;

return(surf2);

}

Program Output

Enter values for length x and width y: 2 4

Value of x and y before functions calls

x=2

y=4

Pass By Value

Rectangle1 area is 15

Value of x and y after Pass-by-Value call

x=2

y=4

Pass By Reference

Rectangle2 area is 15

Value of x and y after Pass-by-Reference call

x=3

y=5

Press any key to continue



Practice Exercises #10 Functions (Cont.)


6 |Functions



call a function,

define a function,

write a program to declare, call and define a function,

test the written programs in one of Computer Labs

1. Write two functions to calculate the areas of a rectangle and a square respectively. The

main program coordinates the process of inputting values, calling these functions and

printing the corresponding outputs on the screen.

Questions

stionsExercise



Program

#include <iostream>

#include <math.h>

#include <iomanip>



float RectangleArea(float,float);

float SquareArea(float);

main()

{

float length, width, side;

float areaRec=0.0;

float areaSq=0.0;

cout << "\n Enter the rectangle length: ";

cin>>length;

cout << "\n Enter the rectangle width: ";

cin>>width;

cout <<"\n Enter the squre side: ";

cin>>side;

areaRec=RectangleArea(length, width);

areaSq=SquareArea(side);

cout<<"\n";

cout<<"\nOutput Data\n";

cout << "Rectangle Length: "<<length<<endl;

cout << "Rectangle Width: "<<width<<endl;

cout << "Square side: "<<side<<endl;

cout<<"\n";

cout << "\nTRectangleArea = " << areaRec<< endl;

cout << "Square Area = " << areaSq<< endl;

cout<<"\n";

return(0);

} // End main



// function to calculate the area of a rectangle

float RectangleArea(float length1, float width1)

{ float area; //local variable

area=length1*width1;

return(area);

} // function to calculate the area of a square

float SquareArea(float side1)


area= side1*side1;

return(area);

}

Practice Exercises #11 Chapter 6 Passing Arrays to Functions


Practice Exercises #11 Passing Arrays to Functions


6 |Functions



call a function,

define a function,

pass an array to function

test the written program in one of Computer Labs

Write a main program passing an array to functions. These functions should accomplish the

following tasks:

Calculate the sum of even elements in a two-dimensional array.

Calculate the sum of odd elements in a two-dimensional array.

The main program coordinates the process of inputting values, calling these functions and printing

the corresponding outputs on the screen.

Questions

stionsExercise



Program

// Passing arrays and individual array elements to functions

#include <iostream>


int evenArray(int [][2], int, int);

int oddArray(int [][2], int, int);

main()

{

const int row = 3;

const int col = 2;

int a[row][col];

int i,j;

cout << endl << endl;

// Input Array Elements

cout << "\n Iutput Data "<< "\n";

cout << endl;

for ( i=0; i<row; i++)

for ( j=0; j<col; j++)

{

cout << "matrix[" << i <<","<<j<< "]: ";

cin >> a[i][j];

}

cout << endl;

cout << endl << endl << endl;

cout << "\nOutput Data "<< "\n";

cout << endl;

cout << "\n Sum of even elements = " <<evenArray(a, row, col)<<endl;

cout << "\n Sum of odd elements = " <<oddArray(a, row, col)<<endl;

cout << endl << endl << endl;

return(0);

}



// function to calculate the sum of even elements in a two-dimensional array

int evenArray(int b[][2], int row1, int col1)

{

int max=0;

int i,j;

int s1=0;

for ( i=0; i<row1; i++)

for ( j=0; j<col1; j++)

{

if (b[i][j]%2==0)

s1=s1+b[i][j];

}

return(s1);

}

// function to calculate the sum of odd elements in a two-dimensional array

int oddArray(int b[][2], int row1, int col1)

{

int s2=0;

int i,j;

for ( i=0; i<row1; i++)

for ( j=0; j<col1; j++)

if (b[i][j]%2==1)

s2=s2+b[i][j];

return(s2);

}

Practice Exercises #12 Chapter 6 Functions using menu


Practice Exercises #12 Functions Using Menu


6 |Functions



call a function,

define a function,

write a menu and select items from the menu

write switch case structure


Write a main program to calculate the area of some geometric forms. The user should select from a

menu the geometric form and input the corresponding values:

Area Calculus 1. Trapeze Area ";

2. Circle Area ";

3. Square Area ";

Enter your choice (0 to end) ";

The input values should be transmitted to the corresponding function for conversion. The function

result should be printed by the main program.

Questions

stionsExercise

Practice Exercises #12 Chapter 6 Functions using menu


#include <iostream> #include <math.h> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; // Function prototypes float TrapezeArea(float,float, float); float CircleArea(float); float SquareArea(float); main() { float B, b, h, s; float r; int choice; do { cout << "\n Area Calculus"; cout<<"\n"; cout << "\n 1. Trapeze Area "; cout << "\n 2. Circle Area "; cout << "\n 3. Square Area "; cout<<"\n"; cout << "\n Enter your choice (0 to end) "; cin>>choice; cout << "\n"; switch(choice) { case 1: { cout << "\n Enter the trapeze big base: "; cin>>B; cout << "Enter the trapeze little base: "; cin>>b; cout << "Enter the trapeze height: "; cin>>h; cout << "\nTrapeze Area = " << TrapezeArea(B, b, h)<< endl; break; } case 2: { cout << "Enter the Circle Radius: "; cin>>r; cout << "Circle Area = " <<CircleArea(r)<< endl; break; } case 3: { cout << "Enter the square side: "; cin>>s; cout << "Square Area = " << SquareArea(s)<< endl; break; } case 0: { break; } default: cout << "\not in range"<< endl; break; } } while (choice>0); return(0); } // End main

// Function to calculate trapeze area

float TrapezeArea(float B1, float b1,

float h1)


area=((B1+b1)*h1)/2;

return area;

}

// Function to calculate circle area

float CircleArea(float r1)

{ float area1; //local variable

area1= 3.141*r1*r1;

return area1;

}

// Function to calculate square area

float SquareArea(float s1)


area= s1*s1;

return area;

}

Practice Exercises #13 Chapter 6 Functions to Convert Measures


Practice Exercises #13 Functions to Convert Measures


6 |Functions



call a function,

define a function,

write a function to convert from one measure to another,


Write a main program which calls two functions to convert values from kilograms to grams

and from meters to centimeters respectively.

The main program asks the user for inputs. Thereafter, the main program calls the functions

and displays the result.

Questions

stionsExercise

Practice Exercises #13 Chapter 6 Functions to Convert Measures


#include <iostream>

#include <math.h>

#include <iomanip>



float convweight(float);

float convdist(float);

int main()

{

float w, d;

cout << "\n Enter the weight in kg: ";

cin>>w;

cout << "Enter the distance in m: ";

cin>>d;

cout<<"\n";

cout<<"\n Output Data \n";

cout << " Weight in kg: "<<w<<endl;

cout << " Distance in m: "<<d<<endl;

cout<<"\n";

cout << "\n Weight in g = " <<convweight(w)<< endl;

cout << "\n Distance in m = " <<convdist(d)<< endl;

cout<<"\n";

return(0);

} // End main

// Function to convert values from kg to gr.

int convweight(float w1)

{

int weight; //local variable

weight=w1*1000;

return(weight);

}

// Function to convert values from m to cm.

int convdist(float d1)

{

int dist; //local variable

dist=d1*100;

return(dist);

}

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