Regions of Europe. Mediterranean History Mediterranean Europe was home to two great civilizations:...
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Transcript of Regions of Europe. Mediterranean History Mediterranean Europe was home to two great civilizations:...
Regions of Europe
Mediterranean
History
• Mediterranean Europe was home to two great civilizations:
1. Greece Athens developed the first democracy (rule by the people) Athenian males served in the law-making assembly Science, philosophy, drama and art shaped modern U.S. culture Conquered by Alexander the Great of Macedonia
History
2. Rome
• Republic (a government in which citizens elect representatives to rule in their name)
• Christianity spread across the world from Palestine - one of Rome’s territories.
Map showing the Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire
History• Geographic advantages:
1. Mild climate made survival easier
2. Nearby Mediterranean Sea
encouraged overseas trade
Modern Times• Crusades (A.D. 1096): a series of wars to
take Palestine from the Muslims
• Renaissance (14th – 16th centuries): time of renewed interest in learning and the arts
• Christopher Columbus sailed from Spain to the Americas spreading Catholicism and the Spanish language.
Culture• Languages spoken in Mediterranean
Europe Greek Portuguese Spanish Italian
• Christianity is the most popular religion
Culture• Art
Parthenon
Aqueducts
Mosques
Economics
• Tourism
• Fishing and agriculture Olives, grapes, citrus and wheat
• Industry is on the rise Portugal – clothing (textiles) Spain – autos Italy – clothing and shoes
City Growth
• People have moved from rural areas to urban areas as economies have transitioned from agriculture to manufacturing to service.
• Problems with city growth: Housing shortages Pollution Traffic jams
Black Death/Bubonic Plague
• Worst disaster ever suffered
in Europe• Killed about 25 million
Europeans Approximately 1/4 to
1/3 of the population
• Began in Sicily in
1347 from Asian
traders
Western
History• Many languages spoken throughout
German French Flemish Luxembourgian English Italian Dutch
History• Reformation
People began to question the Catholic Church Many Christians broke away from the Catholic
Church and became Protestant These two groups have existed in conflict and
in peace
Martin Luther
Conflicts• Nationalism – people should be loyal to
their country – caused people to want their own country
• French Revolution Citizens fought against the selfish French
kings
• Wars have broken out between France and Austria or France and Germany
Modern Wars• WWI: Allies vs. Central Powers• WWII: Allies vs. Axis Powers
How do you win a war?World War II Deaths
CountryMilitary Civilian Total
Soviet Union 8,668,000 16,900,000 25,568,000
France 340,000 470,000 810,000
Japan (Axis) 1,506,000 300,000 1,806,000
USA 295,000 295,000
Great Britain 326,000 62,000 388,000
Germany (Axis) 3,250,000 3,810,000 7,060,000
Holocaust photo story
Modern Wars• Result of WWII
Germany was split into two separate countries: West and East Germany Berlin, the capitol, was split as well by the Berlin Wall The Soviets built the wall to keep East Berliners from fleeing to West Berlin
Berlin wall photo story
Economics
• Very strong economy due to inclusion of agriculture, manufacturing and service industries
• Major agricultural products Belgium, France, the Netherlands and Switzerland:
dairy farming and livestock raising
• Rich in coal and iron ore (used to make steel) Aerospace, chemicals, electronics, engineering,
optics, research and development, shipbuilding, textiles, vehicle assembly and vineyards
• Swiss banking is popular because they refuse to fight in wars
Economics
• Tourism
• Exporter of luxury goods
Volkswagen - Germany Holland tulips Swiss watch
Culture
• Music Johann Sebastian Bach Beethoven Mozart
• Painters Rembrandt Monet Cézanne
Modern Life
• Europeans live in smaller homes than Americans
• Receive more paid vacation time
• Immigration has been a source of conflict in Germany and Austria