Regents LE Seatwork-use your review book Topic 2

1. Write or highlight the vocab terms found on page 20 of your Review book.2. Make Vocab Flashcards

AIDS ALLERGYANTIBODIES ANTIGENBACTERIA DISEASEDYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM FUNGIFEEDBACK MECHANISM MICROBEHOMEOSTASIS VIRUSIMMUNE SYSTEM PARASITE PATHOGEN VACCINE

3. Study terms…Due Thursday –Quiz!

word definition

16 words

Finish Quiz On the back of the scantron in the greeen box, write

“Nervous/Endocrine Quiz” Transfer MC answers #1-17 onto the scantron starting

with #5:

#1………#51

#2………#52

#17…….#67

You will have ~10 minutes to complete. Turn in when finished and Begin your Vocab assignment

Disease as a failure Disease as a failure of homeostasisof homeostasis

Disease Basics

Intro Video Clips1. Intro to Immune system: (8:36) https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJEc2GDEfz8

2. Ebola virus: (7 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sRv19gkZ4E0

Disease: What is it?Disease: What is it? DiseaseDisease::

Any condition that Any condition that prevents the body prevents the body from from working as it shouldworking as it should

Can be due to Can be due to ANYANY of the following: of the following:1.1. PathogensPathogens: a disease causing agent : a disease causing agent

Bacteria and Fungi (living)Bacteria and Fungi (living) Viruses (non living)Viruses (non living)

2.2. ToxinsToxins: a chemical substance that causes harm : a chemical substance that causes harm by disrupting bodily functionsby disrupting bodily functions Carbon Monoxide (cigarette smoke) , Carbon Monoxide (cigarette smoke) ,

Asbestos exposureAsbestos exposure3.3. Inherited: Inherited: Due to a defective geneDue to a defective gene

Hemophilia, Cystic FibrosisHemophilia, Cystic Fibrosis

Bacteria and viruses - What is the difference?The Video Clip (3:19)The Video Clip (3:19)

Disease: How are they spread?Disease: How are they spread?

1. AIR BORNE:COUGHING, SNEEZING, ETC

2. VECTORS: ANIMALS THAT CARRY DISEASES AND

SPREAD THEM (ie. Rabies)(ie. Rabies) MOSQUITOES = MALARIA, WEST NILE VIRUS TICKS = LYME DISEASE

3. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED:SPREAD BY SEXUAL CONTACT

HIV, AIDS, HERPES, ETC.(bodily fluids)(bodily fluids)

Infectious Disease: Infectious Disease: The Video Clip (3 min)The Video Clip (3 min)

Fighting itFighting it1.1. ANTIBIOTICSANTIBIOTICS::

KILL BACTERIA WITHOUT HARMING THE CELLS KILL BACTERIA WITHOUT HARMING THE CELLS OF ANIMALSOF ANIMALS

EXAMPLE IS EXAMPLE IS PENICILLINPENICILLIN WORKS ONLY ON BACTERIAWORKS ONLY ON BACTERIA!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

2.2. ANTIVIRALSANTIVIRALS PREVENT VIRUSES FROM INVADING CELLS AND PREVENT VIRUSES FROM INVADING CELLS AND

THEN MULTIPLYINGTHEN MULTIPLYING EXAMPLE IS TAMIFLU EXAMPLE IS TAMIFLU (treats flu symptoms)(treats flu symptoms)

3.3. IMMUNE RESPONSEIMMUNE RESPONSE NON-SPECIFIC NON-SPECIFIC (FEVER)(FEVER) SPECIFIC SPECIFIC (Antibodies)(Antibodies) ACTIVE IMMUNITY ACTIVE IMMUNITY (vaccine)(vaccine)

Antibiotics: Video ClipAntibiotics: Video Clip

Immunity & Immunity & The Immune The Immune

SystemSystem

Intro to Immune system: (8:36) Intro to Immune system: (8:36) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJEc2GDEfz8https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJEc2GDEfz8

Immune System: The Video Clip Immune System: The Video Clip

IMMUNITY The bodies ability to fight

infection

ANATOMY OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

The immune system is localized in several parts of the body immune cells

develop in the primary organs - bone marrow and thymus (yellow)

immune responses occur in the secondary organs (blue)

Immune System The system in the body

responsible for maintaining homeostasis by recognizing harmful from safe organisms and produces an appropriate response

Parts of the Immune System

1. Blood - White Blood Cells in particular.

2. Lymph nodes3. Thymus Gland – Produces T

Lymphocytes

4. Bone Marrow – Produces B Lymphocytes

Immune system: (11 min)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Non4MkYQpYA

Skin: The Video ClipSkin: The Video Clip

A. A. Immunity: Non-specific Immunity: Non-specific defensesdefenses

1.1. FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE:FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE: SKIN SKIN - - MOST IMPORTANTMOST IMPORTANT

PATHOGENS CANNOT PATHOGENS CANNOT PENETRATEPENETRATE

WHEN BROKEN, OPENS WHEN BROKEN, OPENS BODY TO INFECTIONBODY TO INFECTION

MUCUSMUCUS TRAP BACTERIA IN NOSE AND TRAP BACTERIA IN NOSE AND

MOUTHMOUTH DIGESTIVE DIGESTIVE STUFFSTUFF

ACID AND ENZYMES CAN ACID AND ENZYMES CAN DESTROY PATHOGENSDESTROY PATHOGENS

HOW DOES THE BODY FIGHT INFECTION/FOREIGN INVADERS?

11stst Line of Defense Line of Defense

2. SECOND LINE OF 2. SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE DEFENSE ((INFLAMMATIONINFLAMMATION))

BLOOD VESSELS AROUND BLOOD VESSELS AROUND WOUND SWELL AND WOUND SWELL AND RELEASE WBC’S RELEASE WBC’S (PHAGOCYTES) (PHAGOCYTES)

REMEMBER REMEMBER PHAGOCYTOSIS? – PHAGOCYTOSIS? – SURROUND AND ENGULF!!SURROUND AND ENGULF!!

FEVERSFEVERS ARE ALSO PART ARE ALSO PART OF THIS RESPONSEOF THIS RESPONSE

SkinWound

Bacteria enter the wound

Phagocytes move into the area and engulf the bacteria and cell debris

Capillary

Section 40-2

The Inflammatory Response2nd Line of Defense

B. Immunity: Specific Defense (B. Immunity: Specific Defense (33rdrd lineline)) RESPONSE TRIGGERED BY AN RESPONSE TRIGGERED BY AN

ANTIGENANTIGEN:: ORGANIC MATERIALS ON ORGANIC MATERIALS ON

SURFACE OF PATHOGENS THAT SURFACE OF PATHOGENS THAT BODY DOES NOT RECOGNIZEBODY DOES NOT RECOGNIZE

3 Types of Specific Defense:3 Types of Specific Defense: Humoral ImmunityHumoral Immunity Cell Mediated ImmunityCell Mediated Immunity Permanent ImmunityPermanent Immunity

1. 1. Humoral ImmunityHumoral Immunity OCCURS IN BODY LIQUIDSOCCURS IN BODY LIQUIDS

(LYMPH AND BLOOD)(LYMPH AND BLOOD) B LYMPHOCYTES B LYMPHOCYTES (B CELLS)(B CELLS)

(WBC’S)(WBC’S) PRODUCE PRODUCE ANTIBODIESANTIBODIES IN IN

RESPONSE TO ANTIGENSRESPONSE TO ANTIGENS ANTIBODIES ARE ANTIBODIES ARE SPECIFICSPECIFIC TO TO

ANTIGENANTIGEN Y SHAPED Y SHAPED proteinprotein FUNCTION: FUNCTION: CLUMPS CLUMPS

ANTIGENS ANTIGENS (BAD GUYS) (BAD GUYS) TOGETHER SO CAN BE TOGETHER SO CAN BE DESTROYED BY PHAGOCYTEDESTROYED BY PHAGOCYTE

Antigen

Antibody

Antigen-binding

sites

T LYMPHOCYTES (T LYMPHOCYTES (HELPER T CELLSHELPER T CELLS) ) (WBC’S) (WBC’S)

AID B CELLS IN MAKING AID B CELLS IN MAKING PLASMA PLASMA CELLSCELLS

2. Cell-Mediated Immunity2. Cell-Mediated Immunity KILLER T CELLSKILLER T CELLS “KILL” SINGLE “KILL” SINGLE PATHOGEN CELLSPATHOGEN CELLS MAINLY FOR MAINLY FOR EUKARYOTIC INFECTIONSEUKARYOTIC INFECTIONS

PROTISTS AND FUNGIPROTISTS AND FUNGI MAKES BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS AND MAKES BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS AND

ORGAN TRANSPLANTS ORGAN TRANSPLANTS COMPLICATEDCOMPLICATED DOCTOR LOOKS FOR DOCTOR LOOKS FOR CLOSEST MATCHCLOSEST MATCH PATIENT MAY BE ON PATIENT MAY BE ON

IMMUNOSUPPRESSORSIMMUNOSUPPRESSORS FOR REST OF LIFE FOR REST OF LIFE

WHY IS THIS DANGEROUS? WHY IS THIS DANGEROUS? Person will be susceptible to many

infections due to a compromised immune system

3. 3. Permanent ImmunityPermanent Immunity

ONCE YOU GET IT, YOU CAN’T ONCE YOU GET IT, YOU CAN’T GET IT AGAINGET IT AGAIN

DUE TO MEMORY B AND DUE TO MEMORY B AND MEMORY T CELLSMEMORY T CELLSWILL CONTINUE TO PRODUCE WILL CONTINUE TO PRODUCE

SPECIFIC ANTIBODIESSPECIFIC ANTIBODIES

C. Active Immunity- C. Active Immunity- VACCINATIONVACCINATION

WEAKENEDWEAKENED OR MILD OR MILD FORMFORM OF A OF A PATHOGENPATHOGEN THAT IS INJECTED TO THAT IS INJECTED TO PRODUCE AN IMMUNE RESPONSEPRODUCE AN IMMUNE RESPONSE

BODY WILL THEN RECOGNIZE ANTIGEN BODY WILL THEN RECOGNIZE ANTIGEN WHEN INTRODUCED TO FULL BLOWN WHEN INTRODUCED TO FULL BLOWN PATHOGENPATHOGEN

BODY WILL RESPOND BODY WILL RESPOND VERY VERY QUICKLYQUICKLY TO TO DESTROYDESTROY PATHOGEN PATHOGEN

Vaccine ProcessVaccine Process

BRAIN POP – 3:39 MIN http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/vaccines/

How types of immunity produce How types of immunity produce memory cellsmemory cells

BELLWORK: ”Domino Squares” VOCAB Puzzle: 1. Do this with your table partner.2. Rebuild the puzzle pieces into a 3 X 3 rectangle where every side of information is matched to another side’s answer.3. There is only one right answer.4. Call teacher over when you believe you are correct.5. First group correct receives a treat.

Immune System Disorders

Allergies: The Video ClipAllergies: The Video Clip

1. 1. AllergiesAllergies IS ANIS AN OVERREACTION OVERREACTION OF OF

THE IMMUNE SYSTEMTHE IMMUNE SYSTEM OCCURS WHEN OCCURS WHEN ANTIGENSANTIGENS

FROM FROM ALLERGENSALLERGENS (POLLEN, (POLLEN, PET DANDER, ETC) PET DANDER, ETC) ATTACH ATTACH TO TO MAST CELLSMAST CELLS

THIS IN TURN TRIGGERS THIS IN TURN TRIGGERS HISTAMINESHISTAMINES THESE PRODUCE THESE PRODUCE

SNEEZING, RUNNY NOSE SNEEZING, RUNNY NOSE AND EYES ETCAND EYES ETC….

How an allergy is triggered…How an allergy is triggered…

Autoimmune Disease: The video Autoimmune Disease: The video clipclip

22. Autoimmune Disorders. Autoimmune Disorders WHEN THE IMMUNE WHEN THE IMMUNE

SYSTEM SYSTEM MAKES A MAKES A MISTAKE AND MISTAKE AND ATTACKS ATTACKS ITS’ OWN BODY CELLSITS’ OWN BODY CELLS

EXAMPLES OF EXAMPLES OF AUTOIMMUNE AUTOIMMUNE DISEASESDISEASES JUVENILE DIABETES JUVENILE DIABETES

(Type 1)(Type 1) MULTIPLE MULTIPLE

SCLEROSIS (MS)SCLEROSIS (MS)

AIDS: AIDS: (2:38) (2:38) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rv0yIICeg-Ehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rv0yIICeg-E

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMEACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME WHAT CAUSES AIDS?WHAT CAUSES AIDS?

CAUSED BY THECAUSED BY THE HIV VIRUS HIV VIRUS (Human (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)Immunodeficiency Virus)

HIVHIV INFECTS INFECTS HELPER T-CELLS HELPER T-CELLS OF IMMUNE OF IMMUNE SYSTEM ANDSYSTEM AND DESTROYS DESTROYS THEMTHEM

PERSON CAN BE INFECTED W/ HIV FOR YEARS PERSON CAN BE INFECTED W/ HIV FOR YEARS AND NOT KNOW ITAND NOT KNOW IT

WHENWHEN T-CELL COUNT IS LOW ENOUGH, FULL- T-CELL COUNT IS LOW ENOUGH, FULL-BLOWN AIDS IS DECLAREDBLOWN AIDS IS DECLARED

AIDS: HOW IS IT CONTRACTED?AIDS: HOW IS IT CONTRACTED?SHARING INFECTED NEEDLESSHARING INFECTED NEEDLESBLOOD TRANSFUSIONSBLOOD TRANSFUSIONSUNPROTECTED SEXUNPROTECTED SEX

EFFECTS OF DISEASEEFFECTS OF DISEASEAIDS PATIENT MORE SUSECPTIBLE TO OTHER AIDS PATIENT MORE SUSECPTIBLE TO OTHER DISEASES B/C DISEASES B/C IMMUNE SYSTEMIMMUNE SYSTEM DAMAGED DAMAGEDPERSON DIES OF “AIDS RELATED SUCH-IN-SUCH”PERSON DIES OF “AIDS RELATED SUCH-IN-SUCH”

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE: AIDS RELATED OR INDUCED : AIDS RELATED OR INDUCED PNEUMONIAPNEUMONIA

When HIV Becomes AIDSWhen HIV Becomes AIDS : : (3:51) The Video (3:51) The Video

Clip Clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68I7JlVhuhYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68I7JlVhuhY

Cancer

Cells out of controlVideo: What is cancer (5:05) http://www.youtube.com/user/1cancercenter?v=SGaQ0WwZ_0I

Cellular Disease Begins when something goes wrong with

normal cell division and/or growthgrowth Tumor:

Mass Mass of growing tissue growing tissue that results from cellscells dividingdividing and growing uncontrollablyuncontrollably

BenignBenign: : Non-cancerous tumor MalignantMalignant: : Cancerous tumors that often spread

to other tissues (call metastasismetastasis))

Cancer: The Causes1. Viral Cancers:

Some virusesviruses may inject genes that interrupt normal cell cycles

2. Radiation: Produce mutations in DNA mutations in DNA causing

interruption of normal cell cycles SunlightSunlight (UV), x-raysx-rays, nuclear

3. Chemicals: Also may cause mutations in DNA causing

interruption of normal cell cycles Called CARCINOGENSCARCINOGENS

Cancer: The Treatments

PREVENTION: Don’t smokesmoke!! Wear sunscreen Wear sunscreen (at least 15 SPF) Eat right and exercise!

SURGERY: tumor removal RADIATIONRADIATION: tumor shrinkage CHEMOTHERAPYCHEMOTHERAPY: (chemical) tumor

shrinkage Very uncomfortable Patients lose hair Drugs damage healthy cells too

Current Medical event: June 2013

Real life….Amazing Story: 6 Year Old Dying Cancer Patient Injected With the HIV virus (3:52)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAsPupfqOJw

Your turn1. Watch: Brainpop video on Cancer

2. Complete video quiz found in note packet

3. Complete both sides of worksheet:VocabularyList 4 common sources of carcinogens that you might encounter in your everyday surroundings. Then describe a strategy to avoid each one.Role play: Come up with THREE things you could do to show your support to comfort a friend who’s dealing with cancer in his or her family.

WHAT DOESN”T GET FINISHED TODAY BECOMES HOMEWORK