Refrigerant policy in Hungary

HCFC phase out! HFC phase down?Dr. Tarek Maiyaleh

Associate professor

Budapest University of Technology and Economics

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

Department of Energy Engineering

maiyaleh@energia.bme.hu

Thematic meeting on HPMP, certification & log-books for accession countries

in Budapest, Hungary, 19-21 October 2011

- Ban on in storage, warehouse, distribution and new equipment > 150kW

- Ban on new equipment: air-conditioning equipment except fixed <100 kW, AC

and heat pumps with no restrictions.

- ban on new equipment except heat pumps and PAC

- ban on using any new equipment

HCFC : 1989

Copenhagen, 11/92 - (developed Country)

CEE 3093 / 94

CEE 2037/2000

- 35%

- 65%

- 90%

- 80%

- 60%

- 95%

-

15%

- 70%

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

-75%

Ban on

new HCFC using after

2010/01/01 just for servicing

- 55%

0

100%

82%

70%

37%

24%

20%

B C DA

B

CD

A

HCFC regulation

01/0

7

ban on HCFC after 2015

Phaseout of HCFC in Hungary

• According to Montreal Protocol and the International agreement

• Hungarian Government regulation from 2003:– from 30 September 2003, (ban on) use new equipment HCFC

– from 30 April 2004, (ban on) use reversible equipment (Heat pump)

• Reduction new HCFC import step by step ! For on-going servicing needs of existing equipment:– in 2003-2004 696 t/y import

– in 2004-2007 464 t/y import

– in 2008-2009 387 t/y import

• 31 December 2009, stop the import!!!

• 1 January 2010, ban on production and import (new HCFC) exceptfor use in equipment manufactured before 1/1/2010 (so no production orimporting for NEW equipment that uses these compounds) !

• 31 December 2014 final ban

Before and after 1-1-2010?

• What should be done than?

• For servicing of existing equipment!

• New technology for servicing!

• Reclaimed, recycled refrigerant?

• Replacement (drop in or retrofit) with

alternative refrigerant!

What about the solution!

• According to the regulations (2037/2000)

1005/2009 and 842/2006

• Training and certificationYour role: as an air-conditioning or refrigeration technician, you play an

important role in the phase out procedure of HCFC refrigerants by

installing, servicing, end repairing equipment that may contain

HCFCs

- better understand your responsibilities under the regulations.

- adapt to changing industry practices, and

- provide consumers with appropriate information about the HCFC

phase out.

A) Servicing air-conditioning and

refrigeration systems

• You must have a certification (personnel and company),

• Do best practice, locate and repair leaks (leakage

checks),

• you must use refrigerant recovery equipment during

service, maintenance, or repair,

• you may recharge equipment only with recovered HCFC

refrigerants,

• recovered refrigerant cannot be sold to new owner,,

• it must be recycled or sent to an certified reclaimer prior

to resale.

B) Disposing of refrigerating

and air-conditioning equipment,

1. prior to equipment disposal, you must properly recover

HCFCs from existing refrigeration and air-conditioning

equipment to help ensure the availability of future

supplies, protect the ozone layer, and comply with the

regulations,

2. you may recycle the recovered HCFC refrigerants,

3. you may send recovered HCFC refrigerants to be

reclaimed or destroyed.

4. Disposal companies have to be special licences for

transport and disposal procedures

C) Alternative refrigerants

1. In generally HFCs,

2. Certified personnel has to be informed about the

acceptable and unacceptable substitutes for specific

criteria of different refrigeration and air conditioning

applications.3. Alternative refrigerants generally cannot be used as a

"drop-in" replacement in an existing system without

modifying the system components, sealings, etc

R-22&Co.

• It is a popular refrigerant that is commonly used in a variety of

refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, including

• Residential Commercial and Industrial Uses (-55- +15 oC)

• How can we replace it, for example in: (LBP-MBP-HBP)

- Window air-conditioning units

- Dehumidifiers

- Central air-conditioners

- Air-to-air heat pumps

- Ground-source heat pumps

- Ductless air-conditioners

-Chest or upright freezers

- Packaged air-conditioners and heat pumps

- Chillers

- Retail food refrigeration

- Cold storage warehouses

- Industrial process refrigeration

- Transport refrigeration

One komponent, POE, PAG

Blend R-125 / R-143a (50% / 50%)

Blend R-32 / R-125 / R-134a (23% / 25% / 52%)

Blend R-32 / R-125 (50% / 50%)

Blend R-125 / R-143a /R-134a (44% / 52% / 4% )

Central air-conditioners, Chillers, MAC,

Industrial process refrigeration.

Refrigeration,

Chest or upright freezers - Retrofit

(HBP-MBP) For Air-conditioning < 400

kW - Retrofit(HBP-MBP) Heat pump,

air-conditioning < 30 kW –experiments for LBP

Substitute of applications using R22,

new equipment or retrofit with HFCs

Safety refrigerants

New

equipments

LBPHBP+MBP

Substitute of applications using R22,

new equipment with other refrigerants

• Halogen free: ODP=0, GWP<3

– R-717 (NH3) (B2)

– R-744 (CO2) (A1) (TEWI!)

– R-290 (HC) (A3)

R-422A : R-125 / R-134a / R-600a (85,1% /11,5 % / 3,4%)

MO, AB,POE

R-422D: R-125 / R-134a / R-600a (65,1% /31,5 % / 3,4%)

MO,AB,POE

R-417A : R-125 / R-134a / R-600 (46,6% / 50 % / 3,4%),

MO, AB, POE

Residential Commercial and Industrial Uses

(MBP-LBP)Direct evaporation

air-conditioning units, Chillers, commercial and

industrial refrigeration. Direct evaporation

air-conditioning unit, com. refrigeration

(MBP,LBP), Direct evaporation

For existing equipment, drop in!

Safety refrigerants

ISCEON® MO

ISCEON® MO29

ISCEON® MO59

ISCEON® MO79

New

equipment

LBPHBP-MBP

GWP!

R-427A : R-134a / R-125 / R-32 / R-143a

(50% /25 % / 15%/10%),

Safety refrigerant

FORANE® FX100

Central air-conditioners, Chillers,

Industrial process refrigeration.

(LBP-MBP-HBP) Direct evaporationFORANE® FX100

FORANE® FX100

FORANE® FX100

New

equipments

LBPHBP+MBP

For existing equipment, drop in!

GWP!

R-427A (FX 100)

LBP

R-427A (FX 100)

MBP

Oil change

Option cleaning

Direct evap.

POE oil fill in

Max. old oil 15%*

* manufacturer information

ISCEON® MO29 v. 79

LBP

ISCEON® MO29 v. 59

MBP

without Oil change

Option cleaning

Direct evap.

Original oil

useable*

Simple

Replacement,

Drop in

R 404A fill in

Retrofit, replacement of R-22 => R404A, R507,

R407C

Existing

system R-22

Oil

recovering

Change of sealing,

expansion div. and

the safety devices

R22

recovering

Running with

R22

Test of the

Mineral oil

Mineral oil < 5%

Mineral oil > 5%

Fill in POE

oilRunning and

adjustment,

leakage check

R22

recovery

Practical advices

• What to advise the customer?

– Proof the task and conditions of the system, in

generally:

– If the refrigeration capacity of the system <300 kW,

new system with new refrigerant,

– If the refrigeration capacity of System > 300 kW, and

fill in (R-22 T, reclaimed!) Replacement with

- R-407C (HFC),

- R-422A,

- R- 422D

Real and actual situation

- 31 December 2009, important datum

- In 2010 R-22 refrigerant stock is about ≈ 700 t?.

- For servicing R-22 (demand) ≈ 15- 25%, ≈ 105 -175 t/y.

- Ban on new R-22 production.

Reclaimed refrigerant isn’t enough.

≈ 40 t/y reclaimed refrigerant (all) 2010!

more than 65-135 t/y absent, wanted !!!

But the refrigerating system is running!

Tendency in refrigerant policy!

What about HFCs?? Phase out?? Phase down?

Depending Fgas regulation review,• ODP=0, reduction on GWP

1.) R-717 (NH3), R-744 (CO2), R- 290, R-600a….

2.) Phase down HFCs :

For MAC, GWP less than 150 (Aut. Air-cond.). Instead of R-134a

GWPR-134a=1300:

-HFO-1234yf (tetrafluoropropene) GWP=4 (mild flammability)

-HFO-HFC (HFO-1234ze) blend (fluoro olefine) GWP=6 (testing)

But proper use, containment and recovery, disposal, energy

efficiency TEWI

The best combination to reduce energy

consumption and face up to regulatory changes

Political context – The objective of the EU :

+20, -20, -20 until 2020:

- Reduction in Greenhouse gas levels -20%

- Reduce the energy consumption -20%

- Renewables in energy mix +20%

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

-előkészület menete

Ez csak nekem kell mint inf.• - felmérés

• Hány rendszerről (körfolyamatról) van szó

• Milyen hűtőközegekről van szó

• Tisztázni a berendezések állapotát (alkotóelemenként végigmenni, mi meddig használható még)

• Költségbecslés készíteni élettartamra eső javítási költségekről

• -mérlegelés:

• -környezetvédelmi szempontok: ODP. GWP, TEWI esetleg büntetések

• Financiális háttér: energiafogyasztás, karbantartás, javítások

• Egészségügyi vonatkozások, biztonság

• Berendezések ártalmatlanítási költségei.Secret recycling?? Smuggling?? Black market?? Home made??

•