Critically damaged bridges & concepts for earthquake recovery
RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION after the PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE CHOOSING OPTIONS THAT WILL FACILITATE...
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Transcript of RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION after the PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE CHOOSING OPTIONS THAT WILL FACILITATE...
RECOVERY and RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION RECONSTRUCTION
after the after the PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE
CHOOSING OPTIONS THAT WILL CHOOSING OPTIONS THAT WILL FACILITATE LONG-TERM RECOVERYFACILITATE LONG-TERM RECOVERY
THE OCTOBER 8, 2005 DISASTERTHE OCTOBER 8, 2005 DISASTER
LONG-TERM RECOVERY NEEDS LONG-TERM RECOVERY NEEDS AFTER PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKEAFTER PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE NEEDNEED: 2 TO 3 MILLION NEW DWELLINGS : 2 TO 3 MILLION NEW DWELLINGS
THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT. NEED:NEED: NEW SCHOOLS THAT ARE NEW SCHOOLS THAT ARE
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT. NEED:NEED: NEW HOSPITALS THAT ARE NEW HOSPITALS THAT ARE
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT. EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT. NEED:NEED: INFRASTRUCTURE THAT IS INFRASTRUCTURE THAT IS
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.
GOAL GOAL GOAL GOAL
TO MARSHAL AND TO MARSHAL AND INTEGRATE THE INTEGRATE THE COMMUNITY’S COMMUNITY’S STAPLE STAPLE FORCES,..FORCES,..
……GIVING ALL GIVING ALL SECTORS SECTORS EQUITYEQUITY IN IN DESIGNING DESIGNING PROCESSES FOR PROCESSES FOR BECOMING BECOMING EARTHQUAKE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.RESILIENT.
TO MARSHAL AND TO MARSHAL AND INTEGRATE THE INTEGRATE THE COMMUNITY’S COMMUNITY’S STAPLE STAPLE FORCES,..FORCES,..
……GIVING ALL GIVING ALL SECTORS SECTORS EQUITYEQUITY IN IN DESIGNING DESIGNING PROCESSES FOR PROCESSES FOR BECOMING BECOMING EARTHQUAKE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.RESILIENT.
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES
TO BECOME TO BECOME RESILIENT TO RESILIENT TO GROUND SHAKING, GROUND SHAKING, LANDSLIDES, AND LANDSLIDES, AND AFTERSHOCKSAFTERSHOCKS
TO BECOME TO BECOME RESILIENT TO RESILIENT TO GROUND SHAKING, GROUND SHAKING, LANDSLIDES, AND LANDSLIDES, AND AFTERSHOCKSAFTERSHOCKS
TO ADOPT AND TO ADOPT AND IMPLEMENT PUBLIC IMPLEMENT PUBLIC POLICY MANDATES POLICY MANDATES FOR PREVENMTION, FOR PREVENMTION, MITIGATION, MITIGATION, PREPAREDNESS, PREPAREDNESS, EMERGENCY EMERGENCY RESPONSE, AND RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY AND RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTIONRECONSTRUCTION
TO ADOPT AND TO ADOPT AND IMPLEMENT PUBLIC IMPLEMENT PUBLIC POLICY MANDATES POLICY MANDATES FOR PREVENMTION, FOR PREVENMTION, MITIGATION, MITIGATION, PREPAREDNESS, PREPAREDNESS, EMERGENCY EMERGENCY RESPONSE, AND RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY AND RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTIONRECONSTRUCTION
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES
USE STATE-OF-USE STATE-OF-ART TOOLS ART TOOLS FOR FOR ASSESSING ASSESSING HAZARDS AND HAZARDS AND RISK RISK (E.G., (E.G., GROUND GROUND SHAKING MAPS SHAKING MAPS AND HAZUSAND HAZUS))
USE STATE-OF-USE STATE-OF-ART TOOLS ART TOOLS FOR FOR ASSESSING ASSESSING HAZARDS AND HAZARDS AND RISK RISK (E.G., (E.G., GROUND GROUND SHAKING MAPS SHAKING MAPS AND HAZUSAND HAZUS))
USE PROVEN USE PROVEN TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY FOR REDUCING FOR REDUCING VULNERABILITY VULNERABILITY IN THE BUILT IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT ((E.G., ENERGY E.G., ENERGY DISSIPATIONDISSIPATION))
USE PROVEN USE PROVEN TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY FOR REDUCING FOR REDUCING VULNERABILITY VULNERABILITY IN THE BUILT IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT ((E.G., ENERGY E.G., ENERGY DISSIPATIONDISSIPATION))
PROCESSES FOR BECOMING PROCESSES FOR BECOMING EARTHQUAKE RESILIENTEARTHQUAKE RESILIENT
PROCESSES FOR BECOMING PROCESSES FOR BECOMING EARTHQUAKE RESILIENTEARTHQUAKE RESILIENT
INCREASED PUBLIC INCREASED PUBLIC AWARENESSAWARENESS
IMPROVED IMPROVED PROFESSIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND TRAININGTRAINING
EXPANDED MONITORING EXPANDED MONITORING AND WARNING SYSTEMSAND WARNING SYSTEMS
INCREASED PUBLIC INCREASED PUBLIC AWARENESSAWARENESS
IMPROVED IMPROVED PROFESSIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND TRAININGTRAINING
EXPANDED MONITORING EXPANDED MONITORING AND WARNING SYSTEMSAND WARNING SYSTEMS
MODERN BUILDING MODERN BUILDING CODES FOR NEW CODES FOR NEW BUILDINGSBUILDINGS
MODERN STANDARDS MODERN STANDARDS FOR NEW FOR NEW INFRASTRUCTUREINFRASTRUCTURE
STRENGTHENING AND STRENGTHENING AND RETROFIT FOR EXISTING RETROFIT FOR EXISTING STRUCTURESSTRUCTURES
EXPANDED EXPANDED INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONCOOPERATION
MODERN BUILDING MODERN BUILDING CODES FOR NEW CODES FOR NEW BUILDINGSBUILDINGS
MODERN STANDARDS MODERN STANDARDS FOR NEW FOR NEW INFRASTRUCTUREINFRASTRUCTURE
STRENGTHENING AND STRENGTHENING AND RETROFIT FOR EXISTING RETROFIT FOR EXISTING STRUCTURESSTRUCTURES
EXPANDED EXPANDED INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONCOOPERATION
STARTING POINTS STARTING POINTS STARTING POINTS STARTING POINTS
IN-COUNTRY BASIC IN-COUNTRY BASIC AND APPLIED AND APPLIED RESEARCHRESEARCH
LESSONS FROM LESSONS FROM THE OCTOBER 8, THE OCTOBER 8, 2005 DISASTER2005 DISASTER
IN-COUNTRY BASIC IN-COUNTRY BASIC AND APPLIED AND APPLIED RESEARCHRESEARCH
LESSONS FROM LESSONS FROM THE OCTOBER 8, THE OCTOBER 8, 2005 DISASTER2005 DISASTER
MAPSMAPS INFORMATIONINFORMATION GUIDELINES FOR GUIDELINES FOR
APPLICATIONS BY APPLICATIONS BY EMERGENCY EMERGENCY MANAGERS, MANAGERS, BUILDING BUILDING OFFICIALS, AND OFFICIALS, AND URBAN PLANNERSURBAN PLANNERS
MAPSMAPS INFORMATIONINFORMATION GUIDELINES FOR GUIDELINES FOR
APPLICATIONS BY APPLICATIONS BY EMERGENCY EMERGENCY MANAGERS, MANAGERS, BUILDING BUILDING OFFICIALS, AND OFFICIALS, AND URBAN PLANNERSURBAN PLANNERS
LESSONS FROM PAKISTAN LESSONS FROM PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE
THE EARTHQUAKE OCCURRED THE EARTHQUAKE OCCURRED ALONG THE MAIN BOUNDARY ALONG THE MAIN BOUNDARY THRUST ZONE (MBT)THRUST ZONE (MBT). .
THE MBT RUNS ALONG THE THE MBT RUNS ALONG THE HIMALAYAN ARC FOR ABOUT HIMALAYAN ARC FOR ABOUT 2,500 KM.2,500 KM...
LESSONS FROM PAKISTAN LESSONS FROM PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE
CONSTRUCTION WAS MAINLY CONSTRUCTION WAS MAINLY CONCENTRATED ON THE FLOOD- CONCENTRATED ON THE FLOOD- PLAIN DEPOSITS OF THE NEEHLAN, PLAIN DEPOSITS OF THE NEEHLAN, JAHLUM, AND KUNHAR RIVERS.JAHLUM, AND KUNHAR RIVERS.
BUILDINGS IM MUZAFFARABAD SITED BUILDINGS IM MUZAFFARABAD SITED ON SAND AND GRAVEL DEPOSITS ON SAND AND GRAVEL DEPOSITS WERE SEVERELY DAMAGED.WERE SEVERELY DAMAGED.
BUILDINGS SITED ON ROCK WERE NOT BUILDINGS SITED ON ROCK WERE NOT SEVERELY DAMAGED. SEVERELY DAMAGED.
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITYCOMMUNITYCOMMUNITYDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS
•HAZARD MAPS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION
RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCERESILIENCE
•PREVENTION/MITIGATION•PREPAREDNESS•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
RISK MANAGEMENTRISK MANAGEMENT
EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS MODEL
EXPOSURE MODELVULNERABILTY
MODEL
SEISMOTECTONIC SETTING
LOCATION OF STRUCTURE
QUALITY OF DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION
RESISTANCE TO LATERAL FORCES
IMPORTANCE AND VALUE OF
STRUCTURE
POLITICAL PROCESS
ACCEPTABLE RISK
MITIGATION COSTS
EXPERIENCE AND RESEARCH
DAMAGE ALDORITHM
INCORPORATE NEW KNOWLEDGE
INSPECTION AND REGULATION
ADOPTION AND ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF
PUBLIC POLICIESPUBLIC POLICIES
ADOPTION AND ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF
PUBLIC POLICIESPUBLIC POLICIES
ASSESSMENT OF ASSESSMENT OF RISKRISK
ASSESSMENT OF ASSESSMENT OF RISKRISK
OPTIONS FOR OPTIONS FOR EARTHQUAKE DISASTER EARTHQUAKE DISASTER
RESILIENCERESILIENCE
OPTIONS FOR OPTIONS FOR EARTHQUAKE DISASTER EARTHQUAKE DISASTER
RESILIENCERESILIENCE
WHAT IS THE BENEFIT/COST OF EACH ONE?WHAT IS THE BENEFIT/COST OF EACH ONE?
HOW QUICKLY CAN EACH OPTION BE HOW QUICKLY CAN EACH OPTION BE IMPLEMENTED?IMPLEMENTED?
WHAT IS THE BENEFIT/COST OF EACH ONE?WHAT IS THE BENEFIT/COST OF EACH ONE?
HOW QUICKLY CAN EACH OPTION BE HOW QUICKLY CAN EACH OPTION BE IMPLEMENTED?IMPLEMENTED?
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
BUILDING CODE WITH BUILDING CODE WITH SEISMIC DESIGN SEISMIC DESIGN PROVISIONSPROVISIONS
PREVENTS COLLAPSE PREVENTS COLLAPSE AND REDUCES LOSS AND REDUCES LOSS OF LIFE AND DAMAGEOF LIFE AND DAMAGE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST < 1,000< 1,000
BUILDING CODE WITH BUILDING CODE WITH SEISMIC DESIGN SEISMIC DESIGN PROVISIONSPROVISIONS
PREVENTS COLLAPSE PREVENTS COLLAPSE AND REDUCES LOSS AND REDUCES LOSS OF LIFE AND DAMAGEOF LIFE AND DAMAGE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST < 1,000< 1,000
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
STANDARDS FOR STANDARDS FOR LIFELINE SYSTEMSLIFELINE SYSTEMS
PROTECTS PROTECTS COMMUNITY COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1,0001,000
STANDARDS FOR STANDARDS FOR LIFELINE SYSTEMSLIFELINE SYSTEMS
PROTECTS PROTECTS COMMUNITY COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1,0001,000
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
DEMOLITION OF DEMOLITION OF COLLAPSE HAZARD COLLAPSE HAZARD BUILDINGSBUILDINGS
PREVENT COLLAPSE PREVENT COLLAPSE AND LOSS OF LIFE AND LOSS OF LIFE
1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1,0001,000
DEMOLITION OF DEMOLITION OF COLLAPSE HAZARD COLLAPSE HAZARD BUILDINGSBUILDINGS
PREVENT COLLAPSE PREVENT COLLAPSE AND LOSS OF LIFE AND LOSS OF LIFE
1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1,0001,000
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
SEISMIC ZONATIONSEISMIC ZONATION
AVOIDS LOCATIONS AVOIDS LOCATIONS MOST SUSCEPTIBLE MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO STRONG SHAKING, TO STRONG SHAKING, SURFACE FAULTING, SURFACE FAULTING, SOIL AMPLIFICATION, SOIL AMPLIFICATION, AND SOIL FAILURE AND SOIL FAILURE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 100100
SEISMIC ZONATIONSEISMIC ZONATION
AVOIDS LOCATIONS AVOIDS LOCATIONS MOST SUSCEPTIBLE MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO STRONG SHAKING, TO STRONG SHAKING, SURFACE FAULTING, SURFACE FAULTING, SOIL AMPLIFICATION, SOIL AMPLIFICATION, AND SOIL FAILURE AND SOIL FAILURE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 100100
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
RETROFIT AND RETROFIT AND STRENGTHENINGSTRENGTHENING
PREVENT COLLAPSE; PREVENT COLLAPSE; ELIMINATE ELIMINATE VULNERABILITIES; VULNERABILITIES; REDUCE DAMAGE REDUCE DAMAGE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 100100
RETROFIT AND RETROFIT AND STRENGTHENINGSTRENGTHENING
PREVENT COLLAPSE; PREVENT COLLAPSE; ELIMINATE ELIMINATE VULNERABILITIES; VULNERABILITIES; REDUCE DAMAGE REDUCE DAMAGE
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 100100
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND TRAINING TO TRAINING TO IMPLEMENT CHANGEIMPLEMENT CHANGE
EXPANDS EXPANDS PROFESSIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY POLITICAL CAPACITY
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST < < 100100
EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND TRAINING TO TRAINING TO IMPLEMENT CHANGEIMPLEMENT CHANGE
EXPANDS EXPANDS PROFESSIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY POLITICAL CAPACITY
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST < < 100100
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
SOILSOIL REMEDIATIONREMEDIATION
PREVENTS PREVENTS LIQUEFACTION, LIQUEFACTION, LANDSLIDES, AND LANDSLIDES, AND LATERAL SPREADS LATERAL SPREADS
1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1 < BENEFIT/COST < 100100
SOILSOIL REMEDIATIONREMEDIATION
PREVENTS PREVENTS LIQUEFACTION, LIQUEFACTION, LANDSLIDES, AND LANDSLIDES, AND LATERAL SPREADS LATERAL SPREADS
1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1 < BENEFIT/COST < 100100
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE BASED DESIGN BASED DESIGN
PREVENTS LOSS OF PREVENTS LOSS OF FUNCTION AND USE FUNCTION AND USE OF MOST IMPORTANT OF MOST IMPORTANT STRUCTURES STRUCTURES
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 100100
PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE BASED DESIGN BASED DESIGN
PREVENTS LOSS OF PREVENTS LOSS OF FUNCTION AND USE FUNCTION AND USE OF MOST IMPORTANT OF MOST IMPORTANT STRUCTURES STRUCTURES
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 100100
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
URBAN AND LAND-URBAN AND LAND-USE PLANNINGUSE PLANNING
FACILITATES FACILITATES AVOIDANCE AVOIDANCE STRATEGIES STRATEGIES
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1010
URBAN AND LAND-URBAN AND LAND-USE PLANNINGUSE PLANNING
FACILITATES FACILITATES AVOIDANCE AVOIDANCE STRATEGIES STRATEGIES
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1010
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
DISASTER DISASTER SCENARIONS SCENARIONS
FACILITATES FACILITATES PREPARATION FOR PREPARATION FOR EXPECTED AND EXPECTED AND UNEXPECTED UNEXPECTED
1< 1< BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < 10 < 10
DISASTER DISASTER SCENARIONS SCENARIONS
FACILITATES FACILITATES PREPARATION FOR PREPARATION FOR EXPECTED AND EXPECTED AND UNEXPECTED UNEXPECTED
1< 1< BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < 10 < 10
BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST BENEFIT/COST
RELOCATION AND RELOCATION AND REROUTING REROUTING
REDUCES REDUCES LIKELIHOOD OF LIKELIHOOD OF DAMAGE AND LOSSDAMAGE AND LOSS
1< 1< BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1010
RELOCATION AND RELOCATION AND REROUTING REROUTING
REDUCES REDUCES LIKELIHOOD OF LIKELIHOOD OF DAMAGE AND LOSSDAMAGE AND LOSS
1< 1< BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1010
BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST
NON-STRUCTURAL NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATIONMITIGATION
PROTECTS PROTECTS CONTENTS AND CONTENTS AND EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1,0001,000
NON-STRUCTURAL NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATIONMITIGATION
PROTECTS PROTECTS CONTENTS AND CONTENTS AND EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT
1 < 1 < BENEFIT/COSTBENEFIT/COST < < 1,0001,000
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITYCOMMUNITYCOMMUNITYDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS
•HAZARD MAPS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION
RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCERESILIENCE
•PREVENTION/MITIGATION•PREPAREDNESS•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
RISK MANAGEMENTRISK MANAGEMENT