REAL TIME DSS-MAHARASHTRA

Hydrology Project (SW) Maharashtra

BACKGROUND:

The state experiences flash floods particularly in Western Ghats including Krishna and Upper Bhima basins. For instance, Sangli and Kolhapur districts in Krishna Basin and Pune and Solapur districts in Bhima basin experienced severe flood several times during recent decade. Few photographs are reproduced here (Figure1).

Panchganga River Flood 2005 Krishna River Flood 2006

Figure 1 : Photographs of Area Flooded During 2005 -2006 Flood The Water Resources Department (WRD) of Government of Maharashtra (GoM) is entrusted with the surface water resources planning, development and management. A large number of major, medium and minor water resources development projects (reservoirs and weirs) have been constructed in Maharashtra. Though, the reservoirs in Maharashtra are not specifically provided with flood cushion, they have moderated flood peaks to considerable extent by proper reservoir operations. The reservoirs are multipurpose including hydropower, irrigation, domestic and industrial uses and are operated with rigid schedules as single entities based on the historical hydro-meteorological data and experience gained. These methods are often not adequate for establishing optimal operational decisions, especially where integrated operation of multiple reservoirs for flood management is contemplated. In addition, manual data observation and transmission results in a considerable time lag, between data observed in field and its communication to decision making level which sometime leaves little time, for flood forecasts.

Therefore, Government of Maharashtra has proposed to upgrade the existing HIS with real time data acquisition system (RTDAS) for Krishna and Bhima basins. Simultaneously, it is proposed to develop a real time streamflow forecasting (RTSF) and reservoir operation system (ROS) in Krishna and Bhima river basins to manage the floods and operate reservoirs optimally for multiple uses.

In the Mid Term Review of World Bank aided HP-II (October 1-14, 2009), RTDSS for Maharashtra is included as a new component.

It is envisaged that the system would facilitate reservoir operators to act on time and prepare stakeholders for the floods. The forecast of river flow and mapping of flood zone will help in taking the decisions such as evacuation of the likely affecting areas well in advance. In addition, the reservoir operation system would facilitate the optimization of the storages for ensuring flood cushion and improving agricultural productivity.

There are two major components of Real Time Decision Support System:

1. Consultancy services for implementation of a Real Time Stream flow Forecasting and Reservoir Operation System for the Krishna and Bhima River Basins in Maharashtra.

2. Procurement of Goods And Related Services supply, Installation, Testing, Commissioning and Maintenance of Real Time Data Acquisition System for the Krishna and Bhima River Basins in Maharashtra.

The major objectives of the consultancy are given below:

a) Develop a systematic and integrated knowledge base for improved hydrological forecasts (including flood forecasts) in the Krishna and Bhima basins

b) Develop a forecasting system for river flows and flood levels at critical points on a real time basis and identify potential flood affected areas.

c) Develop a system to optimize coordinated and integrated reservoir operations.

d) Develop a web-based real time interactive system to: (i) Visualize the knowledge base in appropriate formats/layouts (incl.

maps, online GIS, charts/graphs, schematics, reports, etc.) (ii) Access and disseminate flow/flood forecasts and reservoir operational

guidance developed. To enable this, develop Communication protocols and tools for appropriate dissemination of information (e.g. through websites, mobiles, and emails) to provide information to reservoir operators, concerned officers, decision makers, departments and other stakeholders.

The key objectives of the Real Time Data Acquisition System consists of the following:- 1) Install new equipments capable of providing measurements in real time at proposed RTDAS stations. 2) Provide the number of rainfall, river water level (stage) and river discharge,reservoir water level and outflow discharge and full climatic stations to provide improved assessments of hydrologic conditions in the Krishna and Bhima River basins in Maharashtra. 3) Utilize a combination of INSAT and GSM/GPRS data communications to relay data in real time. 4) Contract station installation and maintenance to assure the proper operation of RTDAS. 5) Contract extensive training for Maharashtra Government staff to fully understand the operation of the equipments in the event Maharashtra will assume operation and maintenance of the real time data acquisition system. 6) Establish a real time data center at Pune. 7) Acquire hardware and software to collect the real time hydrologic data in real time from both INSAT as well as the GSM/GPRS reporting stations. 8) Acquire software to evaluate the real time hydrologic data in real time before passing the information to dissemination and forecasting models.

Proposed Real Time Data Acquisition System Network:

Krishna Bhima Sub-Basin To Be

Upgraded Newly

Proposed Total To Be

Upgraded Newly

Proposed Total

Automated Rainfall Stations

51 16 67 41 41 82

Automated River Water Level(Stage) & River Discharge Stations

10 3 13 14 4 18

Automated Reservoir Water Level & Outflow Discharge Stations

0 19 19 0 27 27

Automated Full Climate Stations

7 7 14 12 14 26

Grand Total 68 45 113 67 86 153 Total = 113+ 153 = 266

Note :- i) 3 GD stations of the CWC & 29 FCS stations of the ISRO/IMD are also part of the

network. Data of these stations will be taken from respective data centre. ii) Review of the network will be taken by the consultants appointed.

Proposed Real Time Data Acquisition System Network is as shown in figure 2 & figure 3 below :-

Figure 2 : Proposed Real Time Data Acquisition System Network in Krishna Basin

RTDAS Network:Krishna Sub Basin Full Climatic Station +AWS

GD+FCS

FCS

AWS

Figure 3 : Proposed Real Time Data Acquisition System Network in Bhima Basin Equipments proposed for RTDAS: Equipments proposed includes data collection platform, INSAT radio and antenna, GSM/GPRS radio and antenna, water level sensors(shaft encoder, radar sensor, bubbler system), Automated full climate sensors(Temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation),precipitation sensor, gate sensor, solar power and battery, grounding and surge protection, mast and supports, data centre equipments, ancillary equipments and tools(process meter, Watt meters, field computers), ADCP, ADV and electronic current meters. Different types of sensors proposed are as per site conditions requirements.

Telemetry: The data communications employed on RTDAS network will use a combination of INSAT/VSAT satellite communications and GSM/GPRS radio communications.

Project Period: The consultancy assignment period is 42 months which includes model development period of 18 months and help desk facility for 24 months. The Real Time Data Acquisition System contract period is 18 months and warranty period of 1 year and post warranty period of 4 years. The World Bank will support project till June 2012.