Reading interventions2

Interventions for Struggling ReadersInterventions for

Struggling Readers

Monica WilkinsElaine McCullough

Monica WilkinsElaine McCullough

InterventionsInterventions

Are… student specific and designed to close

learning gaps

Are not… individual assistance in completing

worksheets or assignments

Are… student specific and designed to close

learning gaps

Are not… individual assistance in completing

worksheets or assignments

Planning InterventionsPlanning Interventions

3 Step Process

Step 1: Diagnose Needs Step 2: Prepare Materials Step 3: Implement Interventions

3 Step Process

Step 1: Diagnose Needs Step 2: Prepare Materials Step 3: Implement Interventions

Step 1: Diagnose NeedsStep 1: Diagnose Needs

student specific use a diagnostic tool

Running Record STAR Reading STAR Early Literacy Independent Reading Inventory/Level Reading Series Placement Test

student specific use a diagnostic tool

Running Record STAR Reading STAR Early Literacy Independent Reading Inventory/Level Reading Series Placement Test

Step 2: Prepare MaterialsStep 2: Prepare Materials

K-2 Phonemic

Awareness Phonics Decoding

Strategies Tracking Form

K-2 Phonemic

Awareness Phonics Decoding

Strategies Tracking Form

3-5 Sight Word Fluency

Sets of 10 words within 12 seconds

Comprehension Sentence structure and

comprehension using drawings

Passages using quick draws

Tracking Form

3-5 Sight Word Fluency

Sets of 10 words within 12 seconds

Comprehension Sentence structure and

comprehension using drawings

Passages using quick draws

Tracking Form

Step 3: Implement Interventions

Classroom, SIP, Reading Lab

Step 3: Implement Interventions

Classroom, SIP, Reading LabClassroom Interventions

any student 10-15 minutes daily Intervention Form / Ideas

When???? first 5 minutes of recess 5 minutes while others are packing extra group rotation 10 minutes extra for struggling group

Classroom Interventions any student 10-15 minutes daily Intervention Form / Ideas

When???? first 5 minutes of recess 5 minutes while others are packing extra group rotation 10 minutes extra for struggling group

SIP: Speedy Intervention Practices

SIP: Speedy Intervention Practices

Students with an IEP in place

15 minutes of pull-out daily

Students with an IEP in place

15 minutes of pull-out daily

Speedy Intervention PracticesSpeedy Intervention Practices

Reading LabReading Lab

Reading LabReading Lab

Individualized self-paced instruction for improving skills

Students in grades 2-4 attend for 45 minutes a day

Instruction follows the Marie Carbo Recorded-Book Method

Student progress is evaluated quarterly to determine need for services

Individualized self-paced instruction for improving skills

Students in grades 2-4 attend for 45 minutes a day

Instruction follows the Marie Carbo Recorded-Book Method

Student progress is evaluated quarterly to determine need for services

What is the Carbo Method?

What is the Carbo Method?

Recorded readings are above the student’s independent level.

Recorded:Slow paceShort phrasesGood expressionSmall amounts

Recorded readings are above the student’s independent level.

Recorded:Slow paceShort phrasesGood expressionSmall amounts

Effective Fluency Instruction

Effective Fluency Instruction

Makes word recognition automatic and effortless

Emphasizes rhythm and expression

Makes word recognition automatic and effortless

Emphasizes rhythm and expression

Results of Carbo Recordings

Results of Carbo Recordings

ReduceStress

ImproveFluency, comprehension, vocabulary,

language, pronunciationIncrease

MotivationConfidence

ReduceStress

ImproveFluency, comprehension, vocabulary,

language, pronunciationIncrease

MotivationConfidence

What the Student DoesWhat the Student Does

RelaxesListens to recorded story 2-3 times

while looking at written materialStudent tracks with finger while

listeningTimed read-back and conference

with teacher

RelaxesListens to recorded story 2-3 times

while looking at written materialStudent tracks with finger while

listeningTimed read-back and conference

with teacher

Why the Carbo Method WorksWhy the Carbo Method Works

Increases learning and comprehensionAddresses multiple intelligencesHigh-interest stories have high meaning

to the brainThe brain is a pattern sorterWith sufficient modeling of the text, the

brain automatically identifies word patterns and begins to decipher unknown words

Increases learning and comprehensionAddresses multiple intelligencesHigh-interest stories have high meaning

to the brainThe brain is a pattern sorterWith sufficient modeling of the text, the

brain automatically identifies word patterns and begins to decipher unknown words

Picture It!Picture It!


Graphic organizer to help students recall the five story elements

Uses acronym “STORY”S - SettingT - Talking charactersO - Oops, a problem!R - Attempts to resolve the problemY - Yes, the problem is solved

Graphic organizer to help students recall the five story elements

Uses acronym “STORY”S - SettingT - Talking charactersO - Oops, a problem!R - Attempts to resolve the problemY - Yes, the problem is solved


Sets up a sequence to help readers anticipate the way in which the story unfolds

Comprehension is the goalVisualizationKnowledge of story elements

Sets up a sequence to help readers anticipate the way in which the story unfolds

Comprehension is the goalVisualizationKnowledge of story elements

Nonfiction ApplicationNonfiction Application

T - Topic tells what the story is aboutR - Record three facts about the topicU - Use context clues to understand

vocabularyE - End with a summary that tells the

most important thing about the topic

T - Topic tells what the story is aboutR - Record three facts about the topicU - Use context clues to understand

vocabularyE - End with a summary that tells the

most important thing about the topic

Sophisticated WordsSophisticated Words


Vocabulary is a critical factor in development of reading skills.

Vocabulary knowledge is one of the best predictors of reading comprehension, reading performance in general, and school achievement.

Vocabulary is a critical factor in development of reading skills.

Vocabulary knowledge is one of the best predictors of reading comprehension, reading performance in general, and school achievement.

Sophisticated Words to Use in the Classroom

Sophisticated Words to Use in the Classroom

Accumulate AdjacentAffable Amiable Ascertain DiscourteousElucidate Erroneous

Accumulate AdjacentAffable Amiable Ascertain DiscourteousElucidate Erroneous

ExemplaryHalt Invalid Linger Proceed Proficient RectifyVerbalize

ExemplaryHalt Invalid Linger Proceed Proficient RectifyVerbalize


Particularly appropriate for instructionWords are not likely to be

encountered or learned through typical interaction with academic materials or everyday conversation

Expands vocabulary breadth and depth

Particularly appropriate for instructionWords are not likely to be

encountered or learned through typical interaction with academic materials or everyday conversation

Expands vocabulary breadth and depth

Pic-Wizard VocabularyPic-Wizard Vocabulary

Pic-Wizard VocabularyPic-Wizard Vocabulary

Self-checking vocabulary cardsFocus on a variety of skills

SynonymsAntonymsMultiple Meaning WordsContext CluesPhonics SkillsEnglish Skills

Self-checking vocabulary cardsFocus on a variety of skills

SynonymsAntonymsMultiple Meaning WordsContext CluesPhonics SkillsEnglish Skills

Additional ResourcesAdditional Resources

Bringing Words to LifeIsabel Beck

The Vocabulary-Rich Classroom: Modeling Sophisticated Word Use to Promote Word Consciousness and Vocabulary Growth from The Reading Teacher, 63 (5)Holly Lane and Stephanie Allen

Picture It! from The Reading Teacher, 63 (1)Victoria Naughton

Bringing Words to LifeIsabel Beck

The Vocabulary-Rich Classroom: Modeling Sophisticated Word Use to Promote Word Consciousness and Vocabulary Growth from The Reading Teacher, 63 (5)Holly Lane and Stephanie Allen

Picture It! from The Reading Teacher, 63 (1)Victoria Naughton

Contact InformationContact Information

Monica Wilkins [email protected]

Elaine McCullough [email protected]

Monica Wilkins [email protected]

Elaine McCullough [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




Reading interventions2

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