Reach Symposium 2010 September 10, 2010 Symposium_2010_Septe… · Water Ground Water Agriculture...
Transcript of Reach Symposium 2010 September 10, 2010 Symposium_2010_Septe… · Water Ground Water Agriculture...
Reach Symposium
Th E i H l h d LifTh E i H l h d Lif
October 10October 10--12, 201012, 2010
T h l i ith Mi i l E i t l F t i t
Theme: Environment, Health and LifeTheme: Environment, Health and Life
Technologies with Minimal Environmental Footprint: Technologies with Minimal Environmental Footprint: Search for Scientific Solutions with Traditional Wisdom
Vi d TVinodVinod TareTare-IIT Kanpur
EutrophicationCausative AgentsSolutionsRealization Realization –– P BanP BanCondition of Rivers and Lakes
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Ozone HoleCausative AgentsSolutionsRealization Realization –– Ban CFCsBan CFCs
Sources that harm lozone layer
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Encourages Water ConsumptionDoes Not Reduce Nutrient Pollution Requires Expensive Piped Infrastructure and Treatment Facilities
Pollutes the Earth and/or Bodies of Water with the Concept “Solution to Pollution is Dilution”
…Is Unsustainable
P S i i M d lChemical Fertilizer
Present Sanitation ModelPresent Sanitation Model
Water SupplyFood
As organic fertilizer
Directly used
Surface Water
Ground Water
AgricultureWastewater
(Blackwater + Graywater)
Directly used as soil-conditioner
(3%)
WastewaterTreatment
PlantUntreated Wastewater
Composting (2%)
Land-Filling (95%)POLLUTION
Sludge
POLLU
Partially Treated Effluent
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
POLLUTIONTION
Thirteen actions must be prohibited on arrival at the sacred water of the Ganga, namely: Defecation, ablutions, ……..
• This doctrine has been misunderstood/inappropriately followed!
Brought the concept of BOD/COD limits 30 mg/l/250 mg/l.
Legalized defecation in water bodies
“The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write but
A Paradigm Shift in Human Excreta Management Practices: Blend of Advanced Technologies with Traditional Wisdom
The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn.”
-Alvin Toffler“R hi ki h F ”“Rethinking the Future”
A Paradigm Shift
Pay rather than Charge
Use Rather than Waste
Do business and not only Service Do business and not only Service
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur
Briefing on Green ToiletsKrishi Bhawan, New Delhi
Vinod TareIIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
y
Alternative Mode Alternative Mode -- EcoSanEcoSan
Ground WaterW S l
Surface Water
Reuse
Food
WaterWater Supply
Yellow water Gray water
AsOrganic Fertilizer
Recycle
T
Agriculture
Yellow water Gray water
Black water
Treatment
Solid-Liquid Separation
Rec
ycle
Solid/Fecal Treatment
Composting
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
/Matter Liquid Treatment
A Simple Device
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
A Simple Device: Solid-Liquid Separator
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
A Simple Device: Solid-Liquid Separator
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
The System for the Houseboats
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Start: First Toilet at IITK Campus
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Community Zero Discharge Toilet D lhi G P li S i Ali h@ Delhi Gate Police Station @ Delhi Gate Police Station -- AligarhAligarh
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Community Zero Discharge Toilet D lhi G P li S i Ali h@ Delhi Gate Police Station @ Delhi Gate Police Station -- AligarhAligarh
The Back End
The Front End
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
First Prototype Mounted on SR 08224
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Zero Discharge Environmental Friendly Toilet P t bl V i @ Sh i C t IIT KPortable Version @ Shopping Centre, IIT KanpurPortable Version @ Shopping Centre, IIT Kanpur
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Schematics Representation of a Typical Community Toilet System
Evaporation & Liquid/Powder QEW
QEWQFO
Flush Water
WLoss
Concentration FertilizerTank
Fresh Water Tank
QU + QFM
QF
Q
S – L – S Precomposting
WS + WR
TankQAC
Pump Hand/Motor Pump
Hand/Motor
Solid Reactor
WS
Slurry Tank
Filtered Solution Tank WExcess
WR
Recycle
Overflow Collection
VermicompostingQFR Intermediate
Slurry Tank
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Overflow Collection Tank
WVC
Schematics Representation of a Typical Community Toilet System
Legend:Q=Liquid flow rate (l/day); W=Solid flow rate (kg/day); S-L-S=Solid-Liquid SeparatorLiquid Separator
Subscript Legend: FO=Fresh water; F=Water flushed; AC=Water used for anal cleaning; FO=Fresh water; F=Water flushed; AC=Water used for anal cleaning; U=Urine; FM=Fecal matter; FR=Flush water recycled; EW=Excess water removed for treatment; EV=Water evaporated; S=Slurry; R=Compost used for mixing; LOSS=Loss due to evaporation and R Compost used for mixing; LOSS Loss due to evaporation and decomposition; EXCESS=Excess precompost produced; VC=Vermi compost produced
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Paradigm ShiftEnergy from waste (as electricity from biogas) is waste of energy
Use human feces for producing quality Organic Manure than Biogas
Get Urea, Ammonia, Potash and Phosphate from Urine than Fertilizer Industries
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
At the Toilet site
Transport of Fecal Slurry from the Toilet to the Humanure PlantToilet to the Toilet to the Humanure Plant
Back End of the Community Toilet at Aligarh
Transfer of Fecal Slurry at the Toilet
Site
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Aligarh Site
Treatment Plant or Treatment Plant or HumanureHumanure Plant!Plant!
Mixing and Pre‐composting
Excess Source Separated Flush Water• Enhanced Solar Evaporation Pond
• Microbial Treatment• Chemical Treatment
– Struvite (Ca, Mg) (K, NH4) (PO4)Co‐precipitation of montgomeryite,
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Co precipitation of montgomeryite,brucite, epsomite
Vermibins
Business!Quality FertilizerCarbon CreditsCleaner Water BodiesPrevent Desertification of Dry Lands and Even Arrest Climate Changes
Equivalent Reduction in CO2
Emissions (Carbon
Energy Savings
MW
Plausible Recovery
MT (Credits)
MT
0.2
9.2
172
2835
0.12
1.5
PN
9.8
0.4
3292
2850.75
TotalK
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Old Cities/Towns – Sewage is a Source of Water, Organics and Nutrients
Reuse
TOWNSHIPWastewater PC MBR
UVShift:Disposal to Water Recycle
Vermicomposting
Organic Fertilizer
p yOxidation of Organics to Sludge ProductionBiogas to Quality Manure
FOOD
Agriculture
Biogas to Quality Manure
NutrientInfluent Loading
Effluent Loading Sludge Nutrient ContentProposed Conventional Proposed Conventional
Comparison of Nutrient Leakage
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Kg/dN 3336.00 2099.60 2620.60 1236.40 715.40
P 750.60 517.50 615.70 233.10 134.90
Paradigm Shift in Wastewater Treatment
High Biomass Growth High F/M ratio Low MLSSLow Oxygen Requirement, Better nutrient capture; Clarification ?o O yge equ e e t, ette ut e t captu e; C a cat o ?Membrane Filtration High MLSS; Membrane Performance at Low MLSS?Subsequent combined composting-vermicomposting of excess biomass toproduce good quality organic manure for agricultural usep g q y g g
HighHigh--Growth Membrane BioreactorGrowth Membrane Bioreactor
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Lab-scale high-growth MBR
Volume of reactor : 10 LVolume of hopper bottom : 2.5 LVolume of membrane housing: 7.5 L
1 aeration tank; 2 sludge zone; 3 sludge waste outlet; 4 flow controller; 5 membrane housing; 6h ll fib b 7 ti 8 d 9 i l i
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
hollow fibre membrane; 7 suction pump; 8 compressor; and 9 air supply pipe
Scale-up high-growth MBR
6
99
3
4
566
67 8 8
110 11
Volume of aeration tank: 50 L
Section at A-A:
2 23 12
13
1 aeration tank (flow channel); 2 motor; 3 pulley; 4 belt; 5 gear box; 6 gear; 7 axle; 8 bearing; 9rotor; 10 hollow fibre membrane; 11 PVC pipe; 12 vacuum gauge; 13 suction pump
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
rotor; 10 hollow fibre membrane; 11 PVC pipe; 12 vacuum gauge; 13 suction pump
Paradigm Shift in Wastewater Treatment
MLSS Window 1000 - 2500 mg/L High F/M ratio, for better nutrientcapture and effluent quality comparable to conventional MBR operation.yThe activated composting-cum-vermicomposting system potentially convertsand recycles sewage sludge into nutrients-rich organic fertilizerLow availability of heavy metals: Ni>Fe>Mn>Pb>Cu≈Co>Cd≈Zn≈Cr>As
Dr Vinod TareProject Investigator
December 3, 2008IIT Kanpur Vinod Tare
IIT Kanpur
Reach Symposium October 10 – 11, 2010
Thank You !a ou !