Raporti i Freedom House_001

27
Nations in Transit 2014: Eurasia’s Rupture with Democracy PHOTO BY OLEG MATSEKH

Transcript of Raporti i Freedom House_001

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 127

Nations in Transit 2014

Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

PHOTO BY OLEG MATSEK

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 227

PREPARED BY

Sylvana Habdank-Kołaczkowska is he direcor o

Nations in Transit Zselyke Csaky Tyler Roylance and

Arch Puddingon conribued o his essay

4

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Throughou 983090983088983089983091 governmens across he ormer

Sovie space worked o shu off he remaining oxygen

supply o heir democraic insiuions using corrup

judicial and law enorcemen bodies o incapaciae

civic aciviss and eradicae he independen media

The Kremlin acively pursued a policy o inensified

repression ha daed o Vladimir Puinrsquos reurn o he

presidency in 983090983088983089983090 using a series o new laws o per-

secue LGBT people harass independen civil sociey

expand sae conrol over he media and bring he

inerne o heel

This crackdown in Russia esablished a patern or he

surrounding region where counry afer counry in

983090983088983089983091 ook up anidemocraic innovaions ha were

pioneered by Moscow In Kyrgyzsan or example a

governing pary proposed a virual replica o Russiarsquos

983090983088983089983090 law requiring many civic groups o regiser as

ldquooreign agensrdquo A bill inroduced in March o his year

emulaes Russiarsquos 983090983088983089983091 law agains LGBT ldquopropagan-dardquo prescribing fines or anyone who spreads inorma-

ion abou gay righs

Similar measures have been proposed or brough up

or discussion in Kazakhsan Belarus Georgia Arme-

nia and even Lavia a European Union member sae

In June 983090983088983089983091 Moldova passed a law ha banned he

promoion o ldquorelaionships oher han hose linked

o marriage and he amilyrdquo bu removed he relevan

legal clause our monhs laer under EU pressure As

in Ukraine he back and orh refleced an ongoing

ug o war beween orces seeking European inegra-

ion and hose ha ideniy wih or serve as proxies or

Moscow

Indeed Ukrainian leader Vikor Yanukovych coninued

o push he Russian model in he las monh o his

presidency inroducing ldquooreign agenrdquo legislaion and

a requiremen ha consumers show heir passpors

when buying SIM cards or mobile devices These

measures were quickly rejeced afer Yanukovychrsquos

ouser bu he original Russian versions will be en-

orced in occupied Crimea along wih dozens o oher

resricions

Even in saes where governmen and law enorce-

men already surpass heir Russian counerpars

in insiuionalized brualiy and inolerance he

Kremlinrsquos legislaion has served as an inspiraion In

Azerbaijan auhoriies in December adoped resric-ions resembling he ldquooreign agensrdquo law hough he

move seemed redundan given he array o exising

ools or muzzling criics o Presiden Ilham Aliyev

Similarly in Turkmenisan where virually all uncion-

ing civic organizaions eiher suppor he governmen

or receive direc governmen unding a January 983090983088983089983091

presidenial decree creaed a sae commission o su-

pervise all oreign-unded ldquoprojecs and programsrdquo and

limied ouside money o ldquolegal and physical eniiesrdquo

Nations in Transit 2014

Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

The curren crisis in Ukraine has focused he worldrsquos atenion on he sharp ideological and

poliical divide beween Europe which operaes according o democraic principles and Eur-

asia where nearly four ou of five people live under auhoriarian regimes In realiy he faul line

beween hese wo regions has been deepening for many years and Russiarsquos malign influence

on he governance pracices of is neighbors was rising long before he invasion of Crimea

wwwreedomhouseorg 1

by Sylvana Habdank-Kołaczkowska

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Grim as hey were he evens o 983090983088983089983091 represened h

acceleraion o an exising rend The findings o Free

dom Housersquos Nations in Transit repor an in-deph

annual assessmen o democraic governance in 983090983097

poscommunis saes show ha democracy in he

983089983090-counry region o Eurasia has been in seep declin

or over a decade leaving 983095983096 percen o is populaionliving under consolidaed auhoriarian regimes

Key Eurasia findings o his yearrsquos Nations in Transit

repor include he ollowing

Civil Society under Siege

In February 983090983088983089983091 alone auhoriies in Russia used h

ldquooreign agensrdquo legislaion o inspec disrup ormdasha

leas in he case o elecion wachdog Golosmdashdis-

solve around 983089983088983088983088 nongovernmenal organizaions

(NGOs) Throughou he year he auhoriies used

he hrea o prosecuion o reduce he number oaciviss paricipaing in sree proess agains he

regime Charges were filed agains 983090983096 individuals or

demonsraing on Moscowrsquos Bolonaya Square on 983094

May 983090983088983089983090 he day beore Puinrsquos inauguraion and

many o hose individuals remained enangled in he

legal sysem during 983090983088983089983091 mosly on charges o resis

ing or assauling he police Lawmakers also ollowed

up he previous yearrsquos raf o illiberal legislaion by

amending a child proecion saue o make disribu

ing ldquopropagandardquo in suppor o ldquononradiional sexual

relaionshipsrdquo a criminal offense

In Azerbaijan he run-up o he Ocober 983090983088983089983091 presiden

ial elecion promped ye anoher governmen crack-

down on civil sociey aciviss poliical opponens and

he media Afer six consecuive years o decline he

larges and wealhies counry in he Caucasusmdashand

he newes chair o he Commitee o Minisers or he

Council o Europemdashnow has he democracy raing o a

deeply enrenched Cenral Asian dicaorship wih less

reedom o assembly or expression han Tajikisan and

more flagran corrupion han Kazakhsan

Kazakhstan isel received a ourh consecuive

downgrade o is civil sociey raing in 983090983088983089983091 due obroad exralegal enorcemen o is already sric 983090983088983089

law on religious aciviy wih numerous arress on

relaed charges o ldquoexremismrdquo

Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan coninued o earn

he reporrsquos wors possible raingmdash983095 on a scale o

983089 o 983095mdashor civil sociey as hey do on mos oher

indicaors In Belarus he governmen o Alyaksandr

Lukashenka aced no significan challenges o is au-

CHANGE IN DEMOCRACY SCORES NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

Democracy Scoresmdashwhich represent the average o a countryrsquos 7 democratization indicatorsmdashhave

steadily declined in Eurasia as well as in the EU member countries o Central and Southeastern

Europe Scores improved significantly in the Balkan region beore the European economic crisis but

began a steep decline thereafer

005

000

-005

-010

-015

-020

-025

-030

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

rsquo05 rsquo06 rsquo07 rsquo08 rsquo09 rsquo10 rsquo11 rsquo12 rsquo13 rsquo14

-003

-019

-022

-027

020

010

000

-010

-020

-030

-040

CHANGE IN CIVIL SOCIETY RATINGS NIT 2005ndash2014

018

-019

-020

-040

NIT SURVEY YEAR

The Balkans is the only Nations in Transit region to show improvements in civil society over the last decade

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

2

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

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horiy in 983090983088983089983091 having pummeled civic acivism wih

a susained crackdown ha daes o he poselecionproess o December 983090983088983089983088

Popular Resistance

Evens in Ukraine since November 983090983088983089983091 clearly

demonsrae why civil sociey is he only Nations in

Transit indicaor ha never declined during Yanu-

kovychrsquos oherwise disasrous our years in power By

he beginning o 983090983088983089983091 Ukrainersquos democracy score

was already worse han beore he Orange Revoluion

o 983090983088983088983092 and i declined urher during he year due

o deerioraions in media reedom and he ongoingand exremely rapid enrichmen o Yanukovychrsquos close

associaes Bu when Yanukovych abandoned a deal

wih he EU in avor o sronger ies wih Russia he

counryrsquos reservoir o civic engagemen eruped ino

massive proess in Kyiv and oher ciies wih ciizens

demanding accounabiliy and good governance rom

is corrup auhoriarian leadership

Civil sociey also proved resilien in Kyrgyzstan

COUNTRY DS 2014 (DS 2013 ) EP CS IM NDG LDG JFI CO

Albania 418 (425)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 443 (439)

Croatia 368 (361)

Kosovo 514 (525)

Macedonia 4 (393)

Montenegro 386 (382)

Serbia 364

Bulgaria 325 (318)

Czech Republic 225 (214)

Estonia 196

Hungary 296 (289)

Latvia 207

Lithuania 236 (232)Poland 218

Romania 346 (35)

Slovakia 261 (257)

Slovenia 193 (189)

Armenia 536

Azerbaijan 668 (664)

Belarus 671

Georgia 468 (475)

Kazakhstan 661 (657)

Kyrgyzstan 589 (596)

Moldova 486 (482)

Russia 629 (621)

Tajikistan 632 (625)

Turkmenistan 693

Ukraine 493 (486)

Uzbekistan 693

B A L K A N S

E U M E

M B E R S

E U R A S I A

Decline Improvemen UnchangedDemocracy Scores declined in 16 o the 29 countries surveyed in NIT 2014

and improved in 5 countries Corruption ratings declined in 8 countries

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 983090983088983089983092 OVERVIEW OF RATINGS CHANGES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to 983095 with 983089 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT 983090983088983089983092ratings reflect the period rom 983089 January through 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

Categories EP ndash Electoral Process CS ndash Civil Society IM ndash Independent Media NDG ndash National Democratic Governance

LDG ndash Local Democratic Governance JFI ndash Judicial Framework and Independence CO ndash Corruption DS ndash Democracy Score

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

3

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Throughou 983090983088983089983091 voices in he parliamen sough o

challenge he proecions enshrined in he 983090983088983089983088 con

siuion wih new and resricive legislaion includin

he bill modeled on Russiarsquos ldquooreign agensrdquo law In

nearly every case he response o Kyrgyzsanrsquos in-

creasingly vocal civic secor played a key role in bring

ing inernaional atenion and pressure o bear onhese problemaic proposals Since he 983090983088983089983088 ouser o

auhoriarian presiden Kurmanbek Bakiyev Kyrgyz-

san has been he only sae in Cenral Asia o show

any genuine opening or civil sociey as well as a sma

improvemen in is media environmen However he

counry sill suffers rom enormous weaknesses ha

hreaen is modes democraic gains Chie among

hem are he dominance o he presidency as i fills a

power vacuum lef by he unsable and undisciplined

legislaure he persisence o egregious ehnic bias

and unproessionalism in he judiciary he sel-cen-

sorship and limied reach o he Kyrgyz media a rendoward illiberal legislaive iniiaives and pervasive

corrupion

Uncharted Territory for Georgia

Aside rom Kyrgyzsan Georgia is he only sae in

Eurasia whose raings have consisenly improved

over he las ew years hanks in large par o more

ree and air elecions in 983090983088983089983090 and 983090983088983089983091 and he

increased pluralism hey inroduced In May 983090983088983089983091

Georgiarsquos parliamen also passed imporan amend-

mens o media legislaion ha increased he rans-

parency o broadcaser ownership and made he

preelecion ldquomus carrymus offerrdquo rulemdashrequiring

cable companies o carry all saionsrsquo signalsmdashappli

cable year-round

However he year and a hal since Bidzina Ivanishvilirsquos

Georgian Dream pary swep Mikheil Saakashvilirsquos

long-ruling Unied Naional Movemen (UNM) ino

he opposiion has no been ree o challenges or

ambiguous developmens Throughou 983090983088983089983091 he

Georgian Dream governmen coninued o preside

over conroversial invesigaions and prosecuions

o ormer UNM officials on charges ranging rom

abuse o power o corrupion Presiden Saakashvilihimsel remained in office hrough mos o 983090983088983089983091 and

his cooperaion wih Prime Miniser Ivanishvili was

limied In March members o he influenial Georgia

Orhodox clergy led a crowd o housands in an atac

on a small gay righs rally in downown Tbilisi

Central EuropeDemocraizaion rends in Cenral Europe are more

nuanced and cerainly less dire han in Eurasia In h

EP

ElectoralProcess

CS Civil Society

IM

Independent

Media

NDG National

Democratic

Governance

LDG

Local

DemocraticGovernance

JFI

Judicial

Framework andIndependence

CO

Corruption

NIT 983090983088983089983092 COUNTRY RATINGS

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the

highest and 7 the lowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos Democracy Score

Highest-rated country

Lowest-rated countries

Completecountry-by-

country scoringPAGES 2298308524

Slovenia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

193

15

2

225

15

175

25

2

Turkmenistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

675

7

675

7

Uzbekistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

6757

675

7

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

54

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

4

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983090983093 years since he collapse o communis rule nearly

all he counries in he region have consolidaed heir

democraic insiuions and creaed srong proec-

ions or civil sociey organizaions and he media

Elecions are ree and air and he public has high i

someimes unme expecaions o inclusion in he

discourse o policymaking

For all hese achievemens he role o money in poli-

ics he pliabiliy o judicial insiuions and economi-

cally weakening media secors all raise concerns abou

he durabiliy o democraic gains Collecively he

Nations in Transit raings o he counries ha joined

he EU in 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 have declined raher han

improved since accession In 983090983088983089983091 he only counry o

regiser a ne improvemen was Romania one o he

regionrsquos poorer perormers whose naional governmen

reurned o normalcy afer a presidenial impeachmen

atemp and relaed disrupions in 983090983088983089983090

Noable findings on Cenral Europe rom his yearrsquos

Nations in Transit repor include

Worsening Conditions in Hungary

Hungaryrsquos muliyear governance decline refleced in

every Nations in Transit indicaor remains he mos

poignan reminder ha democraizaion in poscom-

munis Europe is neiher complee nor irreversible By

he end o 983090983088983089983091 Hungaryrsquos democracy score was one

ull poin worse on he 983089ndash983095 scale han in 983090983088983088983092 when

he counry enered he EU Wihou counerbalanc-

ing improvemens any urher deerioraion in gover-

nance elecoral process media reedom civil sociey

judicial independence or corrupion under Prime

Miniser Vikor Orbaacutenrsquos recenly reeleced governmen

will expel Hungary rom he caegory o ldquoconsolidaed

democraic regimesrdquo nex year

Entrenched Corruption

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 public proessmdashsomeimes on

a massive scalemdashdrew atenion o he persisence

o poliical corrupion mos noably in Bulgaria he

Czech Republic and Slovenia Bulgariarsquos larges pro-

ess in 983089983093 years brough down he cener-righ gov-ernmen o Prime Miniser Boyko Borisov in February

983090983088983089983091 Afer a new cener-lef governmen ook power

in May he public was ouraged by is appoinmen o

a widely disrused 983091983090-year-old media mogul o head

he naional securiy agency The move was quickly re-

versed bu i resonaed as a symbol o creeping sae

capure by a corrup nexus o poliicians business-

men and criminal groups In he absence o meaning-

ul reorms proess coninued hroughou he year

In early 983090983088983089983091 Sloveniarsquos parliamen voed o dissolve

he governmen o Prime Miniser Janez Janša whose

coaliion had been eeering amid public proess over

governmen corrupion and auseriy measures inro-

duced in 983090983088983089983090 Janša was subsequenly conviced o

aking bribes in one o he yearrsquos several high-profile

corrupion cases Neverheless Slovenia is sill Na-

tions in Transitrsquos bes perormer jus ahead o Estonia

High-level corrupion scandals have been occurring

or years in he Czech Republic bu he rend has

gained momenum recenly possibly because o a

more proacive prosecuor generalrsquos office In 983090983088983089983091

he governmen came under fire in connecion wih

charges ranging rom bribery o illegal commissioning

o surveillance by miliary inelligence Prime Minis-

er Per Nečasrsquos chie o saff and alleged paramour

Jana Nagyova was indiced or abuse o power and

bribery in June and Nečas resigned shorly aferward

However charges o corrupion agains hree mem-

bers o parliamen were annulled afer he Supreme

Cour ruled ha hey were proeced by immuniy The

unwillingness o he Czech Bar Associaion o urnover imporan files in he case highlighed problems

in prosecuing high-level crime in he counry

Poland also received a downgrade o is corrupion

raing in Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 Alhough he sysem

o insiuions asked wih combaing graf in Poland

is well developed and efficien a seady accumulaion

o new cases over several years suggess ha public

figures are undeerred by he prospec o punishmen

CHANGE IN CORRUPTION RATINGS NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

While the Balkans have improved over the past decade corruption has become steadily more

entrenched in the Eurasia region

050

040

030

-020

-010

000

-010

-020

018

-019

-020

-040

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

5

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and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1027

POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1227

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 227

PREPARED BY

Sylvana Habdank-Kołaczkowska is he direcor o

Nations in Transit Zselyke Csaky Tyler Roylance and

Arch Puddingon conribued o his essay

4

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 327

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 governmens across he ormer

Sovie space worked o shu off he remaining oxygen

supply o heir democraic insiuions using corrup

judicial and law enorcemen bodies o incapaciae

civic aciviss and eradicae he independen media

The Kremlin acively pursued a policy o inensified

repression ha daed o Vladimir Puinrsquos reurn o he

presidency in 983090983088983089983090 using a series o new laws o per-

secue LGBT people harass independen civil sociey

expand sae conrol over he media and bring he

inerne o heel

This crackdown in Russia esablished a patern or he

surrounding region where counry afer counry in

983090983088983089983091 ook up anidemocraic innovaions ha were

pioneered by Moscow In Kyrgyzsan or example a

governing pary proposed a virual replica o Russiarsquos

983090983088983089983090 law requiring many civic groups o regiser as

ldquooreign agensrdquo A bill inroduced in March o his year

emulaes Russiarsquos 983090983088983089983091 law agains LGBT ldquopropagan-dardquo prescribing fines or anyone who spreads inorma-

ion abou gay righs

Similar measures have been proposed or brough up

or discussion in Kazakhsan Belarus Georgia Arme-

nia and even Lavia a European Union member sae

In June 983090983088983089983091 Moldova passed a law ha banned he

promoion o ldquorelaionships oher han hose linked

o marriage and he amilyrdquo bu removed he relevan

legal clause our monhs laer under EU pressure As

in Ukraine he back and orh refleced an ongoing

ug o war beween orces seeking European inegra-

ion and hose ha ideniy wih or serve as proxies or

Moscow

Indeed Ukrainian leader Vikor Yanukovych coninued

o push he Russian model in he las monh o his

presidency inroducing ldquooreign agenrdquo legislaion and

a requiremen ha consumers show heir passpors

when buying SIM cards or mobile devices These

measures were quickly rejeced afer Yanukovychrsquos

ouser bu he original Russian versions will be en-

orced in occupied Crimea along wih dozens o oher

resricions

Even in saes where governmen and law enorce-

men already surpass heir Russian counerpars

in insiuionalized brualiy and inolerance he

Kremlinrsquos legislaion has served as an inspiraion In

Azerbaijan auhoriies in December adoped resric-ions resembling he ldquooreign agensrdquo law hough he

move seemed redundan given he array o exising

ools or muzzling criics o Presiden Ilham Aliyev

Similarly in Turkmenisan where virually all uncion-

ing civic organizaions eiher suppor he governmen

or receive direc governmen unding a January 983090983088983089983091

presidenial decree creaed a sae commission o su-

pervise all oreign-unded ldquoprojecs and programsrdquo and

limied ouside money o ldquolegal and physical eniiesrdquo

Nations in Transit 2014

Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

The curren crisis in Ukraine has focused he worldrsquos atenion on he sharp ideological and

poliical divide beween Europe which operaes according o democraic principles and Eur-

asia where nearly four ou of five people live under auhoriarian regimes In realiy he faul line

beween hese wo regions has been deepening for many years and Russiarsquos malign influence

on he governance pracices of is neighbors was rising long before he invasion of Crimea

wwwreedomhouseorg 1

by Sylvana Habdank-Kołaczkowska

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 427

Grim as hey were he evens o 983090983088983089983091 represened h

acceleraion o an exising rend The findings o Free

dom Housersquos Nations in Transit repor an in-deph

annual assessmen o democraic governance in 983090983097

poscommunis saes show ha democracy in he

983089983090-counry region o Eurasia has been in seep declin

or over a decade leaving 983095983096 percen o is populaionliving under consolidaed auhoriarian regimes

Key Eurasia findings o his yearrsquos Nations in Transit

repor include he ollowing

Civil Society under Siege

In February 983090983088983089983091 alone auhoriies in Russia used h

ldquooreign agensrdquo legislaion o inspec disrup ormdasha

leas in he case o elecion wachdog Golosmdashdis-

solve around 983089983088983088983088 nongovernmenal organizaions

(NGOs) Throughou he year he auhoriies used

he hrea o prosecuion o reduce he number oaciviss paricipaing in sree proess agains he

regime Charges were filed agains 983090983096 individuals or

demonsraing on Moscowrsquos Bolonaya Square on 983094

May 983090983088983089983090 he day beore Puinrsquos inauguraion and

many o hose individuals remained enangled in he

legal sysem during 983090983088983089983091 mosly on charges o resis

ing or assauling he police Lawmakers also ollowed

up he previous yearrsquos raf o illiberal legislaion by

amending a child proecion saue o make disribu

ing ldquopropagandardquo in suppor o ldquononradiional sexual

relaionshipsrdquo a criminal offense

In Azerbaijan he run-up o he Ocober 983090983088983089983091 presiden

ial elecion promped ye anoher governmen crack-

down on civil sociey aciviss poliical opponens and

he media Afer six consecuive years o decline he

larges and wealhies counry in he Caucasusmdashand

he newes chair o he Commitee o Minisers or he

Council o Europemdashnow has he democracy raing o a

deeply enrenched Cenral Asian dicaorship wih less

reedom o assembly or expression han Tajikisan and

more flagran corrupion han Kazakhsan

Kazakhstan isel received a ourh consecuive

downgrade o is civil sociey raing in 983090983088983089983091 due obroad exralegal enorcemen o is already sric 983090983088983089

law on religious aciviy wih numerous arress on

relaed charges o ldquoexremismrdquo

Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan coninued o earn

he reporrsquos wors possible raingmdash983095 on a scale o

983089 o 983095mdashor civil sociey as hey do on mos oher

indicaors In Belarus he governmen o Alyaksandr

Lukashenka aced no significan challenges o is au-

CHANGE IN DEMOCRACY SCORES NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

Democracy Scoresmdashwhich represent the average o a countryrsquos 7 democratization indicatorsmdashhave

steadily declined in Eurasia as well as in the EU member countries o Central and Southeastern

Europe Scores improved significantly in the Balkan region beore the European economic crisis but

began a steep decline thereafer

005

000

-005

-010

-015

-020

-025

-030

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

rsquo05 rsquo06 rsquo07 rsquo08 rsquo09 rsquo10 rsquo11 rsquo12 rsquo13 rsquo14

-003

-019

-022

-027

020

010

000

-010

-020

-030

-040

CHANGE IN CIVIL SOCIETY RATINGS NIT 2005ndash2014

018

-019

-020

-040

NIT SURVEY YEAR

The Balkans is the only Nations in Transit region to show improvements in civil society over the last decade

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

2

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 527

horiy in 983090983088983089983091 having pummeled civic acivism wih

a susained crackdown ha daes o he poselecionproess o December 983090983088983089983088

Popular Resistance

Evens in Ukraine since November 983090983088983089983091 clearly

demonsrae why civil sociey is he only Nations in

Transit indicaor ha never declined during Yanu-

kovychrsquos oherwise disasrous our years in power By

he beginning o 983090983088983089983091 Ukrainersquos democracy score

was already worse han beore he Orange Revoluion

o 983090983088983088983092 and i declined urher during he year due

o deerioraions in media reedom and he ongoingand exremely rapid enrichmen o Yanukovychrsquos close

associaes Bu when Yanukovych abandoned a deal

wih he EU in avor o sronger ies wih Russia he

counryrsquos reservoir o civic engagemen eruped ino

massive proess in Kyiv and oher ciies wih ciizens

demanding accounabiliy and good governance rom

is corrup auhoriarian leadership

Civil sociey also proved resilien in Kyrgyzstan

COUNTRY DS 2014 (DS 2013 ) EP CS IM NDG LDG JFI CO

Albania 418 (425)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 443 (439)

Croatia 368 (361)

Kosovo 514 (525)

Macedonia 4 (393)

Montenegro 386 (382)

Serbia 364

Bulgaria 325 (318)

Czech Republic 225 (214)

Estonia 196

Hungary 296 (289)

Latvia 207

Lithuania 236 (232)Poland 218

Romania 346 (35)

Slovakia 261 (257)

Slovenia 193 (189)

Armenia 536

Azerbaijan 668 (664)

Belarus 671

Georgia 468 (475)

Kazakhstan 661 (657)

Kyrgyzstan 589 (596)

Moldova 486 (482)

Russia 629 (621)

Tajikistan 632 (625)

Turkmenistan 693

Ukraine 493 (486)

Uzbekistan 693

B A L K A N S

E U M E

M B E R S

E U R A S I A

Decline Improvemen UnchangedDemocracy Scores declined in 16 o the 29 countries surveyed in NIT 2014

and improved in 5 countries Corruption ratings declined in 8 countries

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 983090983088983089983092 OVERVIEW OF RATINGS CHANGES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to 983095 with 983089 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT 983090983088983089983092ratings reflect the period rom 983089 January through 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

Categories EP ndash Electoral Process CS ndash Civil Society IM ndash Independent Media NDG ndash National Democratic Governance

LDG ndash Local Democratic Governance JFI ndash Judicial Framework and Independence CO ndash Corruption DS ndash Democracy Score

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

3

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 627

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 voices in he parliamen sough o

challenge he proecions enshrined in he 983090983088983089983088 con

siuion wih new and resricive legislaion includin

he bill modeled on Russiarsquos ldquooreign agensrdquo law In

nearly every case he response o Kyrgyzsanrsquos in-

creasingly vocal civic secor played a key role in bring

ing inernaional atenion and pressure o bear onhese problemaic proposals Since he 983090983088983089983088 ouser o

auhoriarian presiden Kurmanbek Bakiyev Kyrgyz-

san has been he only sae in Cenral Asia o show

any genuine opening or civil sociey as well as a sma

improvemen in is media environmen However he

counry sill suffers rom enormous weaknesses ha

hreaen is modes democraic gains Chie among

hem are he dominance o he presidency as i fills a

power vacuum lef by he unsable and undisciplined

legislaure he persisence o egregious ehnic bias

and unproessionalism in he judiciary he sel-cen-

sorship and limied reach o he Kyrgyz media a rendoward illiberal legislaive iniiaives and pervasive

corrupion

Uncharted Territory for Georgia

Aside rom Kyrgyzsan Georgia is he only sae in

Eurasia whose raings have consisenly improved

over he las ew years hanks in large par o more

ree and air elecions in 983090983088983089983090 and 983090983088983089983091 and he

increased pluralism hey inroduced In May 983090983088983089983091

Georgiarsquos parliamen also passed imporan amend-

mens o media legislaion ha increased he rans-

parency o broadcaser ownership and made he

preelecion ldquomus carrymus offerrdquo rulemdashrequiring

cable companies o carry all saionsrsquo signalsmdashappli

cable year-round

However he year and a hal since Bidzina Ivanishvilirsquos

Georgian Dream pary swep Mikheil Saakashvilirsquos

long-ruling Unied Naional Movemen (UNM) ino

he opposiion has no been ree o challenges or

ambiguous developmens Throughou 983090983088983089983091 he

Georgian Dream governmen coninued o preside

over conroversial invesigaions and prosecuions

o ormer UNM officials on charges ranging rom

abuse o power o corrupion Presiden Saakashvilihimsel remained in office hrough mos o 983090983088983089983091 and

his cooperaion wih Prime Miniser Ivanishvili was

limied In March members o he influenial Georgia

Orhodox clergy led a crowd o housands in an atac

on a small gay righs rally in downown Tbilisi

Central EuropeDemocraizaion rends in Cenral Europe are more

nuanced and cerainly less dire han in Eurasia In h

EP

ElectoralProcess

CS Civil Society

IM

Independent

Media

NDG National

Democratic

Governance

LDG

Local

DemocraticGovernance

JFI

Judicial

Framework andIndependence

CO

Corruption

NIT 983090983088983089983092 COUNTRY RATINGS

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the

highest and 7 the lowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos Democracy Score

Highest-rated country

Lowest-rated countries

Completecountry-by-

country scoringPAGES 2298308524

Slovenia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

193

15

2

225

15

175

25

2

Turkmenistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

675

7

675

7

Uzbekistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

6757

675

7

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

54

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

4

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 727

983090983093 years since he collapse o communis rule nearly

all he counries in he region have consolidaed heir

democraic insiuions and creaed srong proec-

ions or civil sociey organizaions and he media

Elecions are ree and air and he public has high i

someimes unme expecaions o inclusion in he

discourse o policymaking

For all hese achievemens he role o money in poli-

ics he pliabiliy o judicial insiuions and economi-

cally weakening media secors all raise concerns abou

he durabiliy o democraic gains Collecively he

Nations in Transit raings o he counries ha joined

he EU in 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 have declined raher han

improved since accession In 983090983088983089983091 he only counry o

regiser a ne improvemen was Romania one o he

regionrsquos poorer perormers whose naional governmen

reurned o normalcy afer a presidenial impeachmen

atemp and relaed disrupions in 983090983088983089983090

Noable findings on Cenral Europe rom his yearrsquos

Nations in Transit repor include

Worsening Conditions in Hungary

Hungaryrsquos muliyear governance decline refleced in

every Nations in Transit indicaor remains he mos

poignan reminder ha democraizaion in poscom-

munis Europe is neiher complee nor irreversible By

he end o 983090983088983089983091 Hungaryrsquos democracy score was one

ull poin worse on he 983089ndash983095 scale han in 983090983088983088983092 when

he counry enered he EU Wihou counerbalanc-

ing improvemens any urher deerioraion in gover-

nance elecoral process media reedom civil sociey

judicial independence or corrupion under Prime

Miniser Vikor Orbaacutenrsquos recenly reeleced governmen

will expel Hungary rom he caegory o ldquoconsolidaed

democraic regimesrdquo nex year

Entrenched Corruption

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 public proessmdashsomeimes on

a massive scalemdashdrew atenion o he persisence

o poliical corrupion mos noably in Bulgaria he

Czech Republic and Slovenia Bulgariarsquos larges pro-

ess in 983089983093 years brough down he cener-righ gov-ernmen o Prime Miniser Boyko Borisov in February

983090983088983089983091 Afer a new cener-lef governmen ook power

in May he public was ouraged by is appoinmen o

a widely disrused 983091983090-year-old media mogul o head

he naional securiy agency The move was quickly re-

versed bu i resonaed as a symbol o creeping sae

capure by a corrup nexus o poliicians business-

men and criminal groups In he absence o meaning-

ul reorms proess coninued hroughou he year

In early 983090983088983089983091 Sloveniarsquos parliamen voed o dissolve

he governmen o Prime Miniser Janez Janša whose

coaliion had been eeering amid public proess over

governmen corrupion and auseriy measures inro-

duced in 983090983088983089983090 Janša was subsequenly conviced o

aking bribes in one o he yearrsquos several high-profile

corrupion cases Neverheless Slovenia is sill Na-

tions in Transitrsquos bes perormer jus ahead o Estonia

High-level corrupion scandals have been occurring

or years in he Czech Republic bu he rend has

gained momenum recenly possibly because o a

more proacive prosecuor generalrsquos office In 983090983088983089983091

he governmen came under fire in connecion wih

charges ranging rom bribery o illegal commissioning

o surveillance by miliary inelligence Prime Minis-

er Per Nečasrsquos chie o saff and alleged paramour

Jana Nagyova was indiced or abuse o power and

bribery in June and Nečas resigned shorly aferward

However charges o corrupion agains hree mem-

bers o parliamen were annulled afer he Supreme

Cour ruled ha hey were proeced by immuniy The

unwillingness o he Czech Bar Associaion o urnover imporan files in he case highlighed problems

in prosecuing high-level crime in he counry

Poland also received a downgrade o is corrupion

raing in Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 Alhough he sysem

o insiuions asked wih combaing graf in Poland

is well developed and efficien a seady accumulaion

o new cases over several years suggess ha public

figures are undeerred by he prospec o punishmen

CHANGE IN CORRUPTION RATINGS NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

While the Balkans have improved over the past decade corruption has become steadily more

entrenched in the Eurasia region

050

040

030

-020

-010

000

-010

-020

018

-019

-020

-040

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

5

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 827

and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 927

Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1027

POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1227

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 327

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 governmens across he ormer

Sovie space worked o shu off he remaining oxygen

supply o heir democraic insiuions using corrup

judicial and law enorcemen bodies o incapaciae

civic aciviss and eradicae he independen media

The Kremlin acively pursued a policy o inensified

repression ha daed o Vladimir Puinrsquos reurn o he

presidency in 983090983088983089983090 using a series o new laws o per-

secue LGBT people harass independen civil sociey

expand sae conrol over he media and bring he

inerne o heel

This crackdown in Russia esablished a patern or he

surrounding region where counry afer counry in

983090983088983089983091 ook up anidemocraic innovaions ha were

pioneered by Moscow In Kyrgyzsan or example a

governing pary proposed a virual replica o Russiarsquos

983090983088983089983090 law requiring many civic groups o regiser as

ldquooreign agensrdquo A bill inroduced in March o his year

emulaes Russiarsquos 983090983088983089983091 law agains LGBT ldquopropagan-dardquo prescribing fines or anyone who spreads inorma-

ion abou gay righs

Similar measures have been proposed or brough up

or discussion in Kazakhsan Belarus Georgia Arme-

nia and even Lavia a European Union member sae

In June 983090983088983089983091 Moldova passed a law ha banned he

promoion o ldquorelaionships oher han hose linked

o marriage and he amilyrdquo bu removed he relevan

legal clause our monhs laer under EU pressure As

in Ukraine he back and orh refleced an ongoing

ug o war beween orces seeking European inegra-

ion and hose ha ideniy wih or serve as proxies or

Moscow

Indeed Ukrainian leader Vikor Yanukovych coninued

o push he Russian model in he las monh o his

presidency inroducing ldquooreign agenrdquo legislaion and

a requiremen ha consumers show heir passpors

when buying SIM cards or mobile devices These

measures were quickly rejeced afer Yanukovychrsquos

ouser bu he original Russian versions will be en-

orced in occupied Crimea along wih dozens o oher

resricions

Even in saes where governmen and law enorce-

men already surpass heir Russian counerpars

in insiuionalized brualiy and inolerance he

Kremlinrsquos legislaion has served as an inspiraion In

Azerbaijan auhoriies in December adoped resric-ions resembling he ldquooreign agensrdquo law hough he

move seemed redundan given he array o exising

ools or muzzling criics o Presiden Ilham Aliyev

Similarly in Turkmenisan where virually all uncion-

ing civic organizaions eiher suppor he governmen

or receive direc governmen unding a January 983090983088983089983091

presidenial decree creaed a sae commission o su-

pervise all oreign-unded ldquoprojecs and programsrdquo and

limied ouside money o ldquolegal and physical eniiesrdquo

Nations in Transit 2014

Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

The curren crisis in Ukraine has focused he worldrsquos atenion on he sharp ideological and

poliical divide beween Europe which operaes according o democraic principles and Eur-

asia where nearly four ou of five people live under auhoriarian regimes In realiy he faul line

beween hese wo regions has been deepening for many years and Russiarsquos malign influence

on he governance pracices of is neighbors was rising long before he invasion of Crimea

wwwreedomhouseorg 1

by Sylvana Habdank-Kołaczkowska

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 427

Grim as hey were he evens o 983090983088983089983091 represened h

acceleraion o an exising rend The findings o Free

dom Housersquos Nations in Transit repor an in-deph

annual assessmen o democraic governance in 983090983097

poscommunis saes show ha democracy in he

983089983090-counry region o Eurasia has been in seep declin

or over a decade leaving 983095983096 percen o is populaionliving under consolidaed auhoriarian regimes

Key Eurasia findings o his yearrsquos Nations in Transit

repor include he ollowing

Civil Society under Siege

In February 983090983088983089983091 alone auhoriies in Russia used h

ldquooreign agensrdquo legislaion o inspec disrup ormdasha

leas in he case o elecion wachdog Golosmdashdis-

solve around 983089983088983088983088 nongovernmenal organizaions

(NGOs) Throughou he year he auhoriies used

he hrea o prosecuion o reduce he number oaciviss paricipaing in sree proess agains he

regime Charges were filed agains 983090983096 individuals or

demonsraing on Moscowrsquos Bolonaya Square on 983094

May 983090983088983089983090 he day beore Puinrsquos inauguraion and

many o hose individuals remained enangled in he

legal sysem during 983090983088983089983091 mosly on charges o resis

ing or assauling he police Lawmakers also ollowed

up he previous yearrsquos raf o illiberal legislaion by

amending a child proecion saue o make disribu

ing ldquopropagandardquo in suppor o ldquononradiional sexual

relaionshipsrdquo a criminal offense

In Azerbaijan he run-up o he Ocober 983090983088983089983091 presiden

ial elecion promped ye anoher governmen crack-

down on civil sociey aciviss poliical opponens and

he media Afer six consecuive years o decline he

larges and wealhies counry in he Caucasusmdashand

he newes chair o he Commitee o Minisers or he

Council o Europemdashnow has he democracy raing o a

deeply enrenched Cenral Asian dicaorship wih less

reedom o assembly or expression han Tajikisan and

more flagran corrupion han Kazakhsan

Kazakhstan isel received a ourh consecuive

downgrade o is civil sociey raing in 983090983088983089983091 due obroad exralegal enorcemen o is already sric 983090983088983089

law on religious aciviy wih numerous arress on

relaed charges o ldquoexremismrdquo

Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan coninued o earn

he reporrsquos wors possible raingmdash983095 on a scale o

983089 o 983095mdashor civil sociey as hey do on mos oher

indicaors In Belarus he governmen o Alyaksandr

Lukashenka aced no significan challenges o is au-

CHANGE IN DEMOCRACY SCORES NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

Democracy Scoresmdashwhich represent the average o a countryrsquos 7 democratization indicatorsmdashhave

steadily declined in Eurasia as well as in the EU member countries o Central and Southeastern

Europe Scores improved significantly in the Balkan region beore the European economic crisis but

began a steep decline thereafer

005

000

-005

-010

-015

-020

-025

-030

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

rsquo05 rsquo06 rsquo07 rsquo08 rsquo09 rsquo10 rsquo11 rsquo12 rsquo13 rsquo14

-003

-019

-022

-027

020

010

000

-010

-020

-030

-040

CHANGE IN CIVIL SOCIETY RATINGS NIT 2005ndash2014

018

-019

-020

-040

NIT SURVEY YEAR

The Balkans is the only Nations in Transit region to show improvements in civil society over the last decade

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

2

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 527

horiy in 983090983088983089983091 having pummeled civic acivism wih

a susained crackdown ha daes o he poselecionproess o December 983090983088983089983088

Popular Resistance

Evens in Ukraine since November 983090983088983089983091 clearly

demonsrae why civil sociey is he only Nations in

Transit indicaor ha never declined during Yanu-

kovychrsquos oherwise disasrous our years in power By

he beginning o 983090983088983089983091 Ukrainersquos democracy score

was already worse han beore he Orange Revoluion

o 983090983088983088983092 and i declined urher during he year due

o deerioraions in media reedom and he ongoingand exremely rapid enrichmen o Yanukovychrsquos close

associaes Bu when Yanukovych abandoned a deal

wih he EU in avor o sronger ies wih Russia he

counryrsquos reservoir o civic engagemen eruped ino

massive proess in Kyiv and oher ciies wih ciizens

demanding accounabiliy and good governance rom

is corrup auhoriarian leadership

Civil sociey also proved resilien in Kyrgyzstan

COUNTRY DS 2014 (DS 2013 ) EP CS IM NDG LDG JFI CO

Albania 418 (425)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 443 (439)

Croatia 368 (361)

Kosovo 514 (525)

Macedonia 4 (393)

Montenegro 386 (382)

Serbia 364

Bulgaria 325 (318)

Czech Republic 225 (214)

Estonia 196

Hungary 296 (289)

Latvia 207

Lithuania 236 (232)Poland 218

Romania 346 (35)

Slovakia 261 (257)

Slovenia 193 (189)

Armenia 536

Azerbaijan 668 (664)

Belarus 671

Georgia 468 (475)

Kazakhstan 661 (657)

Kyrgyzstan 589 (596)

Moldova 486 (482)

Russia 629 (621)

Tajikistan 632 (625)

Turkmenistan 693

Ukraine 493 (486)

Uzbekistan 693

B A L K A N S

E U M E

M B E R S

E U R A S I A

Decline Improvemen UnchangedDemocracy Scores declined in 16 o the 29 countries surveyed in NIT 2014

and improved in 5 countries Corruption ratings declined in 8 countries

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 983090983088983089983092 OVERVIEW OF RATINGS CHANGES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to 983095 with 983089 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT 983090983088983089983092ratings reflect the period rom 983089 January through 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

Categories EP ndash Electoral Process CS ndash Civil Society IM ndash Independent Media NDG ndash National Democratic Governance

LDG ndash Local Democratic Governance JFI ndash Judicial Framework and Independence CO ndash Corruption DS ndash Democracy Score

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

3

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 627

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 voices in he parliamen sough o

challenge he proecions enshrined in he 983090983088983089983088 con

siuion wih new and resricive legislaion includin

he bill modeled on Russiarsquos ldquooreign agensrdquo law In

nearly every case he response o Kyrgyzsanrsquos in-

creasingly vocal civic secor played a key role in bring

ing inernaional atenion and pressure o bear onhese problemaic proposals Since he 983090983088983089983088 ouser o

auhoriarian presiden Kurmanbek Bakiyev Kyrgyz-

san has been he only sae in Cenral Asia o show

any genuine opening or civil sociey as well as a sma

improvemen in is media environmen However he

counry sill suffers rom enormous weaknesses ha

hreaen is modes democraic gains Chie among

hem are he dominance o he presidency as i fills a

power vacuum lef by he unsable and undisciplined

legislaure he persisence o egregious ehnic bias

and unproessionalism in he judiciary he sel-cen-

sorship and limied reach o he Kyrgyz media a rendoward illiberal legislaive iniiaives and pervasive

corrupion

Uncharted Territory for Georgia

Aside rom Kyrgyzsan Georgia is he only sae in

Eurasia whose raings have consisenly improved

over he las ew years hanks in large par o more

ree and air elecions in 983090983088983089983090 and 983090983088983089983091 and he

increased pluralism hey inroduced In May 983090983088983089983091

Georgiarsquos parliamen also passed imporan amend-

mens o media legislaion ha increased he rans-

parency o broadcaser ownership and made he

preelecion ldquomus carrymus offerrdquo rulemdashrequiring

cable companies o carry all saionsrsquo signalsmdashappli

cable year-round

However he year and a hal since Bidzina Ivanishvilirsquos

Georgian Dream pary swep Mikheil Saakashvilirsquos

long-ruling Unied Naional Movemen (UNM) ino

he opposiion has no been ree o challenges or

ambiguous developmens Throughou 983090983088983089983091 he

Georgian Dream governmen coninued o preside

over conroversial invesigaions and prosecuions

o ormer UNM officials on charges ranging rom

abuse o power o corrupion Presiden Saakashvilihimsel remained in office hrough mos o 983090983088983089983091 and

his cooperaion wih Prime Miniser Ivanishvili was

limied In March members o he influenial Georgia

Orhodox clergy led a crowd o housands in an atac

on a small gay righs rally in downown Tbilisi

Central EuropeDemocraizaion rends in Cenral Europe are more

nuanced and cerainly less dire han in Eurasia In h

EP

ElectoralProcess

CS Civil Society

IM

Independent

Media

NDG National

Democratic

Governance

LDG

Local

DemocraticGovernance

JFI

Judicial

Framework andIndependence

CO

Corruption

NIT 983090983088983089983092 COUNTRY RATINGS

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the

highest and 7 the lowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos Democracy Score

Highest-rated country

Lowest-rated countries

Completecountry-by-

country scoringPAGES 2298308524

Slovenia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

193

15

2

225

15

175

25

2

Turkmenistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

675

7

675

7

Uzbekistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

6757

675

7

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

54

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

4

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 727

983090983093 years since he collapse o communis rule nearly

all he counries in he region have consolidaed heir

democraic insiuions and creaed srong proec-

ions or civil sociey organizaions and he media

Elecions are ree and air and he public has high i

someimes unme expecaions o inclusion in he

discourse o policymaking

For all hese achievemens he role o money in poli-

ics he pliabiliy o judicial insiuions and economi-

cally weakening media secors all raise concerns abou

he durabiliy o democraic gains Collecively he

Nations in Transit raings o he counries ha joined

he EU in 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 have declined raher han

improved since accession In 983090983088983089983091 he only counry o

regiser a ne improvemen was Romania one o he

regionrsquos poorer perormers whose naional governmen

reurned o normalcy afer a presidenial impeachmen

atemp and relaed disrupions in 983090983088983089983090

Noable findings on Cenral Europe rom his yearrsquos

Nations in Transit repor include

Worsening Conditions in Hungary

Hungaryrsquos muliyear governance decline refleced in

every Nations in Transit indicaor remains he mos

poignan reminder ha democraizaion in poscom-

munis Europe is neiher complee nor irreversible By

he end o 983090983088983089983091 Hungaryrsquos democracy score was one

ull poin worse on he 983089ndash983095 scale han in 983090983088983088983092 when

he counry enered he EU Wihou counerbalanc-

ing improvemens any urher deerioraion in gover-

nance elecoral process media reedom civil sociey

judicial independence or corrupion under Prime

Miniser Vikor Orbaacutenrsquos recenly reeleced governmen

will expel Hungary rom he caegory o ldquoconsolidaed

democraic regimesrdquo nex year

Entrenched Corruption

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 public proessmdashsomeimes on

a massive scalemdashdrew atenion o he persisence

o poliical corrupion mos noably in Bulgaria he

Czech Republic and Slovenia Bulgariarsquos larges pro-

ess in 983089983093 years brough down he cener-righ gov-ernmen o Prime Miniser Boyko Borisov in February

983090983088983089983091 Afer a new cener-lef governmen ook power

in May he public was ouraged by is appoinmen o

a widely disrused 983091983090-year-old media mogul o head

he naional securiy agency The move was quickly re-

versed bu i resonaed as a symbol o creeping sae

capure by a corrup nexus o poliicians business-

men and criminal groups In he absence o meaning-

ul reorms proess coninued hroughou he year

In early 983090983088983089983091 Sloveniarsquos parliamen voed o dissolve

he governmen o Prime Miniser Janez Janša whose

coaliion had been eeering amid public proess over

governmen corrupion and auseriy measures inro-

duced in 983090983088983089983090 Janša was subsequenly conviced o

aking bribes in one o he yearrsquos several high-profile

corrupion cases Neverheless Slovenia is sill Na-

tions in Transitrsquos bes perormer jus ahead o Estonia

High-level corrupion scandals have been occurring

or years in he Czech Republic bu he rend has

gained momenum recenly possibly because o a

more proacive prosecuor generalrsquos office In 983090983088983089983091

he governmen came under fire in connecion wih

charges ranging rom bribery o illegal commissioning

o surveillance by miliary inelligence Prime Minis-

er Per Nečasrsquos chie o saff and alleged paramour

Jana Nagyova was indiced or abuse o power and

bribery in June and Nečas resigned shorly aferward

However charges o corrupion agains hree mem-

bers o parliamen were annulled afer he Supreme

Cour ruled ha hey were proeced by immuniy The

unwillingness o he Czech Bar Associaion o urnover imporan files in he case highlighed problems

in prosecuing high-level crime in he counry

Poland also received a downgrade o is corrupion

raing in Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 Alhough he sysem

o insiuions asked wih combaing graf in Poland

is well developed and efficien a seady accumulaion

o new cases over several years suggess ha public

figures are undeerred by he prospec o punishmen

CHANGE IN CORRUPTION RATINGS NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

While the Balkans have improved over the past decade corruption has become steadily more

entrenched in the Eurasia region

050

040

030

-020

-010

000

-010

-020

018

-019

-020

-040

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

5

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 827

and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 927

Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 427

Grim as hey were he evens o 983090983088983089983091 represened h

acceleraion o an exising rend The findings o Free

dom Housersquos Nations in Transit repor an in-deph

annual assessmen o democraic governance in 983090983097

poscommunis saes show ha democracy in he

983089983090-counry region o Eurasia has been in seep declin

or over a decade leaving 983095983096 percen o is populaionliving under consolidaed auhoriarian regimes

Key Eurasia findings o his yearrsquos Nations in Transit

repor include he ollowing

Civil Society under Siege

In February 983090983088983089983091 alone auhoriies in Russia used h

ldquooreign agensrdquo legislaion o inspec disrup ormdasha

leas in he case o elecion wachdog Golosmdashdis-

solve around 983089983088983088983088 nongovernmenal organizaions

(NGOs) Throughou he year he auhoriies used

he hrea o prosecuion o reduce he number oaciviss paricipaing in sree proess agains he

regime Charges were filed agains 983090983096 individuals or

demonsraing on Moscowrsquos Bolonaya Square on 983094

May 983090983088983089983090 he day beore Puinrsquos inauguraion and

many o hose individuals remained enangled in he

legal sysem during 983090983088983089983091 mosly on charges o resis

ing or assauling he police Lawmakers also ollowed

up he previous yearrsquos raf o illiberal legislaion by

amending a child proecion saue o make disribu

ing ldquopropagandardquo in suppor o ldquononradiional sexual

relaionshipsrdquo a criminal offense

In Azerbaijan he run-up o he Ocober 983090983088983089983091 presiden

ial elecion promped ye anoher governmen crack-

down on civil sociey aciviss poliical opponens and

he media Afer six consecuive years o decline he

larges and wealhies counry in he Caucasusmdashand

he newes chair o he Commitee o Minisers or he

Council o Europemdashnow has he democracy raing o a

deeply enrenched Cenral Asian dicaorship wih less

reedom o assembly or expression han Tajikisan and

more flagran corrupion han Kazakhsan

Kazakhstan isel received a ourh consecuive

downgrade o is civil sociey raing in 983090983088983089983091 due obroad exralegal enorcemen o is already sric 983090983088983089

law on religious aciviy wih numerous arress on

relaed charges o ldquoexremismrdquo

Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan coninued o earn

he reporrsquos wors possible raingmdash983095 on a scale o

983089 o 983095mdashor civil sociey as hey do on mos oher

indicaors In Belarus he governmen o Alyaksandr

Lukashenka aced no significan challenges o is au-

CHANGE IN DEMOCRACY SCORES NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

Democracy Scoresmdashwhich represent the average o a countryrsquos 7 democratization indicatorsmdashhave

steadily declined in Eurasia as well as in the EU member countries o Central and Southeastern

Europe Scores improved significantly in the Balkan region beore the European economic crisis but

began a steep decline thereafer

005

000

-005

-010

-015

-020

-025

-030

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

rsquo05 rsquo06 rsquo07 rsquo08 rsquo09 rsquo10 rsquo11 rsquo12 rsquo13 rsquo14

-003

-019

-022

-027

020

010

000

-010

-020

-030

-040

CHANGE IN CIVIL SOCIETY RATINGS NIT 2005ndash2014

018

-019

-020

-040

NIT SURVEY YEAR

The Balkans is the only Nations in Transit region to show improvements in civil society over the last decade

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

2

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 527

horiy in 983090983088983089983091 having pummeled civic acivism wih

a susained crackdown ha daes o he poselecionproess o December 983090983088983089983088

Popular Resistance

Evens in Ukraine since November 983090983088983089983091 clearly

demonsrae why civil sociey is he only Nations in

Transit indicaor ha never declined during Yanu-

kovychrsquos oherwise disasrous our years in power By

he beginning o 983090983088983089983091 Ukrainersquos democracy score

was already worse han beore he Orange Revoluion

o 983090983088983088983092 and i declined urher during he year due

o deerioraions in media reedom and he ongoingand exremely rapid enrichmen o Yanukovychrsquos close

associaes Bu when Yanukovych abandoned a deal

wih he EU in avor o sronger ies wih Russia he

counryrsquos reservoir o civic engagemen eruped ino

massive proess in Kyiv and oher ciies wih ciizens

demanding accounabiliy and good governance rom

is corrup auhoriarian leadership

Civil sociey also proved resilien in Kyrgyzstan

COUNTRY DS 2014 (DS 2013 ) EP CS IM NDG LDG JFI CO

Albania 418 (425)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 443 (439)

Croatia 368 (361)

Kosovo 514 (525)

Macedonia 4 (393)

Montenegro 386 (382)

Serbia 364

Bulgaria 325 (318)

Czech Republic 225 (214)

Estonia 196

Hungary 296 (289)

Latvia 207

Lithuania 236 (232)Poland 218

Romania 346 (35)

Slovakia 261 (257)

Slovenia 193 (189)

Armenia 536

Azerbaijan 668 (664)

Belarus 671

Georgia 468 (475)

Kazakhstan 661 (657)

Kyrgyzstan 589 (596)

Moldova 486 (482)

Russia 629 (621)

Tajikistan 632 (625)

Turkmenistan 693

Ukraine 493 (486)

Uzbekistan 693

B A L K A N S

E U M E

M B E R S

E U R A S I A

Decline Improvemen UnchangedDemocracy Scores declined in 16 o the 29 countries surveyed in NIT 2014

and improved in 5 countries Corruption ratings declined in 8 countries

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 983090983088983089983092 OVERVIEW OF RATINGS CHANGES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to 983095 with 983089 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT 983090983088983089983092ratings reflect the period rom 983089 January through 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

Categories EP ndash Electoral Process CS ndash Civil Society IM ndash Independent Media NDG ndash National Democratic Governance

LDG ndash Local Democratic Governance JFI ndash Judicial Framework and Independence CO ndash Corruption DS ndash Democracy Score

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

3

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 627

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 voices in he parliamen sough o

challenge he proecions enshrined in he 983090983088983089983088 con

siuion wih new and resricive legislaion includin

he bill modeled on Russiarsquos ldquooreign agensrdquo law In

nearly every case he response o Kyrgyzsanrsquos in-

creasingly vocal civic secor played a key role in bring

ing inernaional atenion and pressure o bear onhese problemaic proposals Since he 983090983088983089983088 ouser o

auhoriarian presiden Kurmanbek Bakiyev Kyrgyz-

san has been he only sae in Cenral Asia o show

any genuine opening or civil sociey as well as a sma

improvemen in is media environmen However he

counry sill suffers rom enormous weaknesses ha

hreaen is modes democraic gains Chie among

hem are he dominance o he presidency as i fills a

power vacuum lef by he unsable and undisciplined

legislaure he persisence o egregious ehnic bias

and unproessionalism in he judiciary he sel-cen-

sorship and limied reach o he Kyrgyz media a rendoward illiberal legislaive iniiaives and pervasive

corrupion

Uncharted Territory for Georgia

Aside rom Kyrgyzsan Georgia is he only sae in

Eurasia whose raings have consisenly improved

over he las ew years hanks in large par o more

ree and air elecions in 983090983088983089983090 and 983090983088983089983091 and he

increased pluralism hey inroduced In May 983090983088983089983091

Georgiarsquos parliamen also passed imporan amend-

mens o media legislaion ha increased he rans-

parency o broadcaser ownership and made he

preelecion ldquomus carrymus offerrdquo rulemdashrequiring

cable companies o carry all saionsrsquo signalsmdashappli

cable year-round

However he year and a hal since Bidzina Ivanishvilirsquos

Georgian Dream pary swep Mikheil Saakashvilirsquos

long-ruling Unied Naional Movemen (UNM) ino

he opposiion has no been ree o challenges or

ambiguous developmens Throughou 983090983088983089983091 he

Georgian Dream governmen coninued o preside

over conroversial invesigaions and prosecuions

o ormer UNM officials on charges ranging rom

abuse o power o corrupion Presiden Saakashvilihimsel remained in office hrough mos o 983090983088983089983091 and

his cooperaion wih Prime Miniser Ivanishvili was

limied In March members o he influenial Georgia

Orhodox clergy led a crowd o housands in an atac

on a small gay righs rally in downown Tbilisi

Central EuropeDemocraizaion rends in Cenral Europe are more

nuanced and cerainly less dire han in Eurasia In h

EP

ElectoralProcess

CS Civil Society

IM

Independent

Media

NDG National

Democratic

Governance

LDG

Local

DemocraticGovernance

JFI

Judicial

Framework andIndependence

CO

Corruption

NIT 983090983088983089983092 COUNTRY RATINGS

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the

highest and 7 the lowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos Democracy Score

Highest-rated country

Lowest-rated countries

Completecountry-by-

country scoringPAGES 2298308524

Slovenia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

193

15

2

225

15

175

25

2

Turkmenistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

675

7

675

7

Uzbekistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

6757

675

7

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

54

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

4

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 727

983090983093 years since he collapse o communis rule nearly

all he counries in he region have consolidaed heir

democraic insiuions and creaed srong proec-

ions or civil sociey organizaions and he media

Elecions are ree and air and he public has high i

someimes unme expecaions o inclusion in he

discourse o policymaking

For all hese achievemens he role o money in poli-

ics he pliabiliy o judicial insiuions and economi-

cally weakening media secors all raise concerns abou

he durabiliy o democraic gains Collecively he

Nations in Transit raings o he counries ha joined

he EU in 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 have declined raher han

improved since accession In 983090983088983089983091 he only counry o

regiser a ne improvemen was Romania one o he

regionrsquos poorer perormers whose naional governmen

reurned o normalcy afer a presidenial impeachmen

atemp and relaed disrupions in 983090983088983089983090

Noable findings on Cenral Europe rom his yearrsquos

Nations in Transit repor include

Worsening Conditions in Hungary

Hungaryrsquos muliyear governance decline refleced in

every Nations in Transit indicaor remains he mos

poignan reminder ha democraizaion in poscom-

munis Europe is neiher complee nor irreversible By

he end o 983090983088983089983091 Hungaryrsquos democracy score was one

ull poin worse on he 983089ndash983095 scale han in 983090983088983088983092 when

he counry enered he EU Wihou counerbalanc-

ing improvemens any urher deerioraion in gover-

nance elecoral process media reedom civil sociey

judicial independence or corrupion under Prime

Miniser Vikor Orbaacutenrsquos recenly reeleced governmen

will expel Hungary rom he caegory o ldquoconsolidaed

democraic regimesrdquo nex year

Entrenched Corruption

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 public proessmdashsomeimes on

a massive scalemdashdrew atenion o he persisence

o poliical corrupion mos noably in Bulgaria he

Czech Republic and Slovenia Bulgariarsquos larges pro-

ess in 983089983093 years brough down he cener-righ gov-ernmen o Prime Miniser Boyko Borisov in February

983090983088983089983091 Afer a new cener-lef governmen ook power

in May he public was ouraged by is appoinmen o

a widely disrused 983091983090-year-old media mogul o head

he naional securiy agency The move was quickly re-

versed bu i resonaed as a symbol o creeping sae

capure by a corrup nexus o poliicians business-

men and criminal groups In he absence o meaning-

ul reorms proess coninued hroughou he year

In early 983090983088983089983091 Sloveniarsquos parliamen voed o dissolve

he governmen o Prime Miniser Janez Janša whose

coaliion had been eeering amid public proess over

governmen corrupion and auseriy measures inro-

duced in 983090983088983089983090 Janša was subsequenly conviced o

aking bribes in one o he yearrsquos several high-profile

corrupion cases Neverheless Slovenia is sill Na-

tions in Transitrsquos bes perormer jus ahead o Estonia

High-level corrupion scandals have been occurring

or years in he Czech Republic bu he rend has

gained momenum recenly possibly because o a

more proacive prosecuor generalrsquos office In 983090983088983089983091

he governmen came under fire in connecion wih

charges ranging rom bribery o illegal commissioning

o surveillance by miliary inelligence Prime Minis-

er Per Nečasrsquos chie o saff and alleged paramour

Jana Nagyova was indiced or abuse o power and

bribery in June and Nečas resigned shorly aferward

However charges o corrupion agains hree mem-

bers o parliamen were annulled afer he Supreme

Cour ruled ha hey were proeced by immuniy The

unwillingness o he Czech Bar Associaion o urnover imporan files in he case highlighed problems

in prosecuing high-level crime in he counry

Poland also received a downgrade o is corrupion

raing in Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 Alhough he sysem

o insiuions asked wih combaing graf in Poland

is well developed and efficien a seady accumulaion

o new cases over several years suggess ha public

figures are undeerred by he prospec o punishmen

CHANGE IN CORRUPTION RATINGS NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

While the Balkans have improved over the past decade corruption has become steadily more

entrenched in the Eurasia region

050

040

030

-020

-010

000

-010

-020

018

-019

-020

-040

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

5

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 927

Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 527

horiy in 983090983088983089983091 having pummeled civic acivism wih

a susained crackdown ha daes o he poselecionproess o December 983090983088983089983088

Popular Resistance

Evens in Ukraine since November 983090983088983089983091 clearly

demonsrae why civil sociey is he only Nations in

Transit indicaor ha never declined during Yanu-

kovychrsquos oherwise disasrous our years in power By

he beginning o 983090983088983089983091 Ukrainersquos democracy score

was already worse han beore he Orange Revoluion

o 983090983088983088983092 and i declined urher during he year due

o deerioraions in media reedom and he ongoingand exremely rapid enrichmen o Yanukovychrsquos close

associaes Bu when Yanukovych abandoned a deal

wih he EU in avor o sronger ies wih Russia he

counryrsquos reservoir o civic engagemen eruped ino

massive proess in Kyiv and oher ciies wih ciizens

demanding accounabiliy and good governance rom

is corrup auhoriarian leadership

Civil sociey also proved resilien in Kyrgyzstan

COUNTRY DS 2014 (DS 2013 ) EP CS IM NDG LDG JFI CO

Albania 418 (425)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 443 (439)

Croatia 368 (361)

Kosovo 514 (525)

Macedonia 4 (393)

Montenegro 386 (382)

Serbia 364

Bulgaria 325 (318)

Czech Republic 225 (214)

Estonia 196

Hungary 296 (289)

Latvia 207

Lithuania 236 (232)Poland 218

Romania 346 (35)

Slovakia 261 (257)

Slovenia 193 (189)

Armenia 536

Azerbaijan 668 (664)

Belarus 671

Georgia 468 (475)

Kazakhstan 661 (657)

Kyrgyzstan 589 (596)

Moldova 486 (482)

Russia 629 (621)

Tajikistan 632 (625)

Turkmenistan 693

Ukraine 493 (486)

Uzbekistan 693

B A L K A N S

E U M E

M B E R S

E U R A S I A

Decline Improvemen UnchangedDemocracy Scores declined in 16 o the 29 countries surveyed in NIT 2014

and improved in 5 countries Corruption ratings declined in 8 countries

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 983090983088983089983092 OVERVIEW OF RATINGS CHANGES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to 983095 with 983089 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT 983090983088983089983092ratings reflect the period rom 983089 January through 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

Categories EP ndash Electoral Process CS ndash Civil Society IM ndash Independent Media NDG ndash National Democratic Governance

LDG ndash Local Democratic Governance JFI ndash Judicial Framework and Independence CO ndash Corruption DS ndash Democracy Score

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

3

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 627

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 voices in he parliamen sough o

challenge he proecions enshrined in he 983090983088983089983088 con

siuion wih new and resricive legislaion includin

he bill modeled on Russiarsquos ldquooreign agensrdquo law In

nearly every case he response o Kyrgyzsanrsquos in-

creasingly vocal civic secor played a key role in bring

ing inernaional atenion and pressure o bear onhese problemaic proposals Since he 983090983088983089983088 ouser o

auhoriarian presiden Kurmanbek Bakiyev Kyrgyz-

san has been he only sae in Cenral Asia o show

any genuine opening or civil sociey as well as a sma

improvemen in is media environmen However he

counry sill suffers rom enormous weaknesses ha

hreaen is modes democraic gains Chie among

hem are he dominance o he presidency as i fills a

power vacuum lef by he unsable and undisciplined

legislaure he persisence o egregious ehnic bias

and unproessionalism in he judiciary he sel-cen-

sorship and limied reach o he Kyrgyz media a rendoward illiberal legislaive iniiaives and pervasive

corrupion

Uncharted Territory for Georgia

Aside rom Kyrgyzsan Georgia is he only sae in

Eurasia whose raings have consisenly improved

over he las ew years hanks in large par o more

ree and air elecions in 983090983088983089983090 and 983090983088983089983091 and he

increased pluralism hey inroduced In May 983090983088983089983091

Georgiarsquos parliamen also passed imporan amend-

mens o media legislaion ha increased he rans-

parency o broadcaser ownership and made he

preelecion ldquomus carrymus offerrdquo rulemdashrequiring

cable companies o carry all saionsrsquo signalsmdashappli

cable year-round

However he year and a hal since Bidzina Ivanishvilirsquos

Georgian Dream pary swep Mikheil Saakashvilirsquos

long-ruling Unied Naional Movemen (UNM) ino

he opposiion has no been ree o challenges or

ambiguous developmens Throughou 983090983088983089983091 he

Georgian Dream governmen coninued o preside

over conroversial invesigaions and prosecuions

o ormer UNM officials on charges ranging rom

abuse o power o corrupion Presiden Saakashvilihimsel remained in office hrough mos o 983090983088983089983091 and

his cooperaion wih Prime Miniser Ivanishvili was

limied In March members o he influenial Georgia

Orhodox clergy led a crowd o housands in an atac

on a small gay righs rally in downown Tbilisi

Central EuropeDemocraizaion rends in Cenral Europe are more

nuanced and cerainly less dire han in Eurasia In h

EP

ElectoralProcess

CS Civil Society

IM

Independent

Media

NDG National

Democratic

Governance

LDG

Local

DemocraticGovernance

JFI

Judicial

Framework andIndependence

CO

Corruption

NIT 983090983088983089983092 COUNTRY RATINGS

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the

highest and 7 the lowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos Democracy Score

Highest-rated country

Lowest-rated countries

Completecountry-by-

country scoringPAGES 2298308524

Slovenia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

193

15

2

225

15

175

25

2

Turkmenistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

675

7

675

7

Uzbekistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

6757

675

7

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

54

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

4

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 727

983090983093 years since he collapse o communis rule nearly

all he counries in he region have consolidaed heir

democraic insiuions and creaed srong proec-

ions or civil sociey organizaions and he media

Elecions are ree and air and he public has high i

someimes unme expecaions o inclusion in he

discourse o policymaking

For all hese achievemens he role o money in poli-

ics he pliabiliy o judicial insiuions and economi-

cally weakening media secors all raise concerns abou

he durabiliy o democraic gains Collecively he

Nations in Transit raings o he counries ha joined

he EU in 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 have declined raher han

improved since accession In 983090983088983089983091 he only counry o

regiser a ne improvemen was Romania one o he

regionrsquos poorer perormers whose naional governmen

reurned o normalcy afer a presidenial impeachmen

atemp and relaed disrupions in 983090983088983089983090

Noable findings on Cenral Europe rom his yearrsquos

Nations in Transit repor include

Worsening Conditions in Hungary

Hungaryrsquos muliyear governance decline refleced in

every Nations in Transit indicaor remains he mos

poignan reminder ha democraizaion in poscom-

munis Europe is neiher complee nor irreversible By

he end o 983090983088983089983091 Hungaryrsquos democracy score was one

ull poin worse on he 983089ndash983095 scale han in 983090983088983088983092 when

he counry enered he EU Wihou counerbalanc-

ing improvemens any urher deerioraion in gover-

nance elecoral process media reedom civil sociey

judicial independence or corrupion under Prime

Miniser Vikor Orbaacutenrsquos recenly reeleced governmen

will expel Hungary rom he caegory o ldquoconsolidaed

democraic regimesrdquo nex year

Entrenched Corruption

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 public proessmdashsomeimes on

a massive scalemdashdrew atenion o he persisence

o poliical corrupion mos noably in Bulgaria he

Czech Republic and Slovenia Bulgariarsquos larges pro-

ess in 983089983093 years brough down he cener-righ gov-ernmen o Prime Miniser Boyko Borisov in February

983090983088983089983091 Afer a new cener-lef governmen ook power

in May he public was ouraged by is appoinmen o

a widely disrused 983091983090-year-old media mogul o head

he naional securiy agency The move was quickly re-

versed bu i resonaed as a symbol o creeping sae

capure by a corrup nexus o poliicians business-

men and criminal groups In he absence o meaning-

ul reorms proess coninued hroughou he year

In early 983090983088983089983091 Sloveniarsquos parliamen voed o dissolve

he governmen o Prime Miniser Janez Janša whose

coaliion had been eeering amid public proess over

governmen corrupion and auseriy measures inro-

duced in 983090983088983089983090 Janša was subsequenly conviced o

aking bribes in one o he yearrsquos several high-profile

corrupion cases Neverheless Slovenia is sill Na-

tions in Transitrsquos bes perormer jus ahead o Estonia

High-level corrupion scandals have been occurring

or years in he Czech Republic bu he rend has

gained momenum recenly possibly because o a

more proacive prosecuor generalrsquos office In 983090983088983089983091

he governmen came under fire in connecion wih

charges ranging rom bribery o illegal commissioning

o surveillance by miliary inelligence Prime Minis-

er Per Nečasrsquos chie o saff and alleged paramour

Jana Nagyova was indiced or abuse o power and

bribery in June and Nečas resigned shorly aferward

However charges o corrupion agains hree mem-

bers o parliamen were annulled afer he Supreme

Cour ruled ha hey were proeced by immuniy The

unwillingness o he Czech Bar Associaion o urnover imporan files in he case highlighed problems

in prosecuing high-level crime in he counry

Poland also received a downgrade o is corrupion

raing in Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 Alhough he sysem

o insiuions asked wih combaing graf in Poland

is well developed and efficien a seady accumulaion

o new cases over several years suggess ha public

figures are undeerred by he prospec o punishmen

CHANGE IN CORRUPTION RATINGS NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

While the Balkans have improved over the past decade corruption has become steadily more

entrenched in the Eurasia region

050

040

030

-020

-010

000

-010

-020

018

-019

-020

-040

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

5

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 827

and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 927

Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1027

POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1227

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 627

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 voices in he parliamen sough o

challenge he proecions enshrined in he 983090983088983089983088 con

siuion wih new and resricive legislaion includin

he bill modeled on Russiarsquos ldquooreign agensrdquo law In

nearly every case he response o Kyrgyzsanrsquos in-

creasingly vocal civic secor played a key role in bring

ing inernaional atenion and pressure o bear onhese problemaic proposals Since he 983090983088983089983088 ouser o

auhoriarian presiden Kurmanbek Bakiyev Kyrgyz-

san has been he only sae in Cenral Asia o show

any genuine opening or civil sociey as well as a sma

improvemen in is media environmen However he

counry sill suffers rom enormous weaknesses ha

hreaen is modes democraic gains Chie among

hem are he dominance o he presidency as i fills a

power vacuum lef by he unsable and undisciplined

legislaure he persisence o egregious ehnic bias

and unproessionalism in he judiciary he sel-cen-

sorship and limied reach o he Kyrgyz media a rendoward illiberal legislaive iniiaives and pervasive

corrupion

Uncharted Territory for Georgia

Aside rom Kyrgyzsan Georgia is he only sae in

Eurasia whose raings have consisenly improved

over he las ew years hanks in large par o more

ree and air elecions in 983090983088983089983090 and 983090983088983089983091 and he

increased pluralism hey inroduced In May 983090983088983089983091

Georgiarsquos parliamen also passed imporan amend-

mens o media legislaion ha increased he rans-

parency o broadcaser ownership and made he

preelecion ldquomus carrymus offerrdquo rulemdashrequiring

cable companies o carry all saionsrsquo signalsmdashappli

cable year-round

However he year and a hal since Bidzina Ivanishvilirsquos

Georgian Dream pary swep Mikheil Saakashvilirsquos

long-ruling Unied Naional Movemen (UNM) ino

he opposiion has no been ree o challenges or

ambiguous developmens Throughou 983090983088983089983091 he

Georgian Dream governmen coninued o preside

over conroversial invesigaions and prosecuions

o ormer UNM officials on charges ranging rom

abuse o power o corrupion Presiden Saakashvilihimsel remained in office hrough mos o 983090983088983089983091 and

his cooperaion wih Prime Miniser Ivanishvili was

limied In March members o he influenial Georgia

Orhodox clergy led a crowd o housands in an atac

on a small gay righs rally in downown Tbilisi

Central EuropeDemocraizaion rends in Cenral Europe are more

nuanced and cerainly less dire han in Eurasia In h

EP

ElectoralProcess

CS Civil Society

IM

Independent

Media

NDG National

Democratic

Governance

LDG

Local

DemocraticGovernance

JFI

Judicial

Framework andIndependence

CO

Corruption

NIT 983090983088983089983092 COUNTRY RATINGS

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the

highest and 7 the lowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos Democracy Score

Highest-rated country

Lowest-rated countries

Completecountry-by-

country scoringPAGES 2298308524

Slovenia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

193

15

2

225

15

175

25

2

Turkmenistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

675

7

675

7

Uzbekistan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

693

7

7

7

6757

675

7

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

54

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

4

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 727

983090983093 years since he collapse o communis rule nearly

all he counries in he region have consolidaed heir

democraic insiuions and creaed srong proec-

ions or civil sociey organizaions and he media

Elecions are ree and air and he public has high i

someimes unme expecaions o inclusion in he

discourse o policymaking

For all hese achievemens he role o money in poli-

ics he pliabiliy o judicial insiuions and economi-

cally weakening media secors all raise concerns abou

he durabiliy o democraic gains Collecively he

Nations in Transit raings o he counries ha joined

he EU in 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 have declined raher han

improved since accession In 983090983088983089983091 he only counry o

regiser a ne improvemen was Romania one o he

regionrsquos poorer perormers whose naional governmen

reurned o normalcy afer a presidenial impeachmen

atemp and relaed disrupions in 983090983088983089983090

Noable findings on Cenral Europe rom his yearrsquos

Nations in Transit repor include

Worsening Conditions in Hungary

Hungaryrsquos muliyear governance decline refleced in

every Nations in Transit indicaor remains he mos

poignan reminder ha democraizaion in poscom-

munis Europe is neiher complee nor irreversible By

he end o 983090983088983089983091 Hungaryrsquos democracy score was one

ull poin worse on he 983089ndash983095 scale han in 983090983088983088983092 when

he counry enered he EU Wihou counerbalanc-

ing improvemens any urher deerioraion in gover-

nance elecoral process media reedom civil sociey

judicial independence or corrupion under Prime

Miniser Vikor Orbaacutenrsquos recenly reeleced governmen

will expel Hungary rom he caegory o ldquoconsolidaed

democraic regimesrdquo nex year

Entrenched Corruption

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 public proessmdashsomeimes on

a massive scalemdashdrew atenion o he persisence

o poliical corrupion mos noably in Bulgaria he

Czech Republic and Slovenia Bulgariarsquos larges pro-

ess in 983089983093 years brough down he cener-righ gov-ernmen o Prime Miniser Boyko Borisov in February

983090983088983089983091 Afer a new cener-lef governmen ook power

in May he public was ouraged by is appoinmen o

a widely disrused 983091983090-year-old media mogul o head

he naional securiy agency The move was quickly re-

versed bu i resonaed as a symbol o creeping sae

capure by a corrup nexus o poliicians business-

men and criminal groups In he absence o meaning-

ul reorms proess coninued hroughou he year

In early 983090983088983089983091 Sloveniarsquos parliamen voed o dissolve

he governmen o Prime Miniser Janez Janša whose

coaliion had been eeering amid public proess over

governmen corrupion and auseriy measures inro-

duced in 983090983088983089983090 Janša was subsequenly conviced o

aking bribes in one o he yearrsquos several high-profile

corrupion cases Neverheless Slovenia is sill Na-

tions in Transitrsquos bes perormer jus ahead o Estonia

High-level corrupion scandals have been occurring

or years in he Czech Republic bu he rend has

gained momenum recenly possibly because o a

more proacive prosecuor generalrsquos office In 983090983088983089983091

he governmen came under fire in connecion wih

charges ranging rom bribery o illegal commissioning

o surveillance by miliary inelligence Prime Minis-

er Per Nečasrsquos chie o saff and alleged paramour

Jana Nagyova was indiced or abuse o power and

bribery in June and Nečas resigned shorly aferward

However charges o corrupion agains hree mem-

bers o parliamen were annulled afer he Supreme

Cour ruled ha hey were proeced by immuniy The

unwillingness o he Czech Bar Associaion o urnover imporan files in he case highlighed problems

in prosecuing high-level crime in he counry

Poland also received a downgrade o is corrupion

raing in Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 Alhough he sysem

o insiuions asked wih combaing graf in Poland

is well developed and efficien a seady accumulaion

o new cases over several years suggess ha public

figures are undeerred by he prospec o punishmen

CHANGE IN CORRUPTION RATINGS NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

While the Balkans have improved over the past decade corruption has become steadily more

entrenched in the Eurasia region

050

040

030

-020

-010

000

-010

-020

018

-019

-020

-040

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

5

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 827

and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 927

Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1027

POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1227

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 727

983090983093 years since he collapse o communis rule nearly

all he counries in he region have consolidaed heir

democraic insiuions and creaed srong proec-

ions or civil sociey organizaions and he media

Elecions are ree and air and he public has high i

someimes unme expecaions o inclusion in he

discourse o policymaking

For all hese achievemens he role o money in poli-

ics he pliabiliy o judicial insiuions and economi-

cally weakening media secors all raise concerns abou

he durabiliy o democraic gains Collecively he

Nations in Transit raings o he counries ha joined

he EU in 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 have declined raher han

improved since accession In 983090983088983089983091 he only counry o

regiser a ne improvemen was Romania one o he

regionrsquos poorer perormers whose naional governmen

reurned o normalcy afer a presidenial impeachmen

atemp and relaed disrupions in 983090983088983089983090

Noable findings on Cenral Europe rom his yearrsquos

Nations in Transit repor include

Worsening Conditions in Hungary

Hungaryrsquos muliyear governance decline refleced in

every Nations in Transit indicaor remains he mos

poignan reminder ha democraizaion in poscom-

munis Europe is neiher complee nor irreversible By

he end o 983090983088983089983091 Hungaryrsquos democracy score was one

ull poin worse on he 983089ndash983095 scale han in 983090983088983088983092 when

he counry enered he EU Wihou counerbalanc-

ing improvemens any urher deerioraion in gover-

nance elecoral process media reedom civil sociey

judicial independence or corrupion under Prime

Miniser Vikor Orbaacutenrsquos recenly reeleced governmen

will expel Hungary rom he caegory o ldquoconsolidaed

democraic regimesrdquo nex year

Entrenched Corruption

Throughou 983090983088983089983091 public proessmdashsomeimes on

a massive scalemdashdrew atenion o he persisence

o poliical corrupion mos noably in Bulgaria he

Czech Republic and Slovenia Bulgariarsquos larges pro-

ess in 983089983093 years brough down he cener-righ gov-ernmen o Prime Miniser Boyko Borisov in February

983090983088983089983091 Afer a new cener-lef governmen ook power

in May he public was ouraged by is appoinmen o

a widely disrused 983091983090-year-old media mogul o head

he naional securiy agency The move was quickly re-

versed bu i resonaed as a symbol o creeping sae

capure by a corrup nexus o poliicians business-

men and criminal groups In he absence o meaning-

ul reorms proess coninued hroughou he year

In early 983090983088983089983091 Sloveniarsquos parliamen voed o dissolve

he governmen o Prime Miniser Janez Janša whose

coaliion had been eeering amid public proess over

governmen corrupion and auseriy measures inro-

duced in 983090983088983089983090 Janša was subsequenly conviced o

aking bribes in one o he yearrsquos several high-profile

corrupion cases Neverheless Slovenia is sill Na-

tions in Transitrsquos bes perormer jus ahead o Estonia

High-level corrupion scandals have been occurring

or years in he Czech Republic bu he rend has

gained momenum recenly possibly because o a

more proacive prosecuor generalrsquos office In 983090983088983089983091

he governmen came under fire in connecion wih

charges ranging rom bribery o illegal commissioning

o surveillance by miliary inelligence Prime Minis-

er Per Nečasrsquos chie o saff and alleged paramour

Jana Nagyova was indiced or abuse o power and

bribery in June and Nečas resigned shorly aferward

However charges o corrupion agains hree mem-

bers o parliamen were annulled afer he Supreme

Cour ruled ha hey were proeced by immuniy The

unwillingness o he Czech Bar Associaion o urnover imporan files in he case highlighed problems

in prosecuing high-level crime in he counry

Poland also received a downgrade o is corrupion

raing in Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 Alhough he sysem

o insiuions asked wih combaing graf in Poland

is well developed and efficien a seady accumulaion

o new cases over several years suggess ha public

figures are undeerred by he prospec o punishmen

CHANGE IN CORRUPTION RATINGS NIT 983090983088983088983093ndash983090983088983089983092

While the Balkans have improved over the past decade corruption has become steadily more

entrenched in the Eurasia region

050

040

030

-020

-010

000

-010

-020

018

-019

-020

-040

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

BALKANS EU MEMBERS EURASIA AVG CHANGE

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

5

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

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POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 827

and ha corrupion is more enrenched In Hungary

abuse in public-procuremen pracices o he benefi

o business groups and communiies ha are loyal o

he governmen became increasingly obvious in 983090983088983089983091

Afer a scandal over repors ha he naionalizaion o

Hungaryrsquos obacco indusry had deliberaely avored

some local allies o he ruling pary he governmenmade is reedom o inormaion law more resricive

Pressure on Independent Media

The only EU member sae in Cenral Europe whose

independen media raing has no declined in he

las decade is Estonia and nearly all o hese coun-

riesrsquo media secors have deerioraed more rapidly

since he European economic crisis Though ciizens

across he region have access o a wide range o news

sources and opinions he qualiy and dependabiliy o

invesigaive reporing are increasingly compromised

by economic and poliical pressures

In 983090983088983089983091 Lithuania received is second media down-

grade in hree years afer he auhoriies raided he o-

fices o he Balic News Service in Vilnius confiscaing

compuers and inerrogaing journaliss abou a leaked

governmen documen ha implied Russia was rying

o discredi he Lihuanian presiden Meanwhile me-

dia ownership in Latvia is becoming increasingly con-

cenraed raising concerns abou he secorrsquos abiliy o

ac as an effecive wachdog In 983090983088983089983091 he depuy edior

o a regional newspaper was harassed and hreaened

wih house arres i he did no reveal his sources

In he Czech Republic he concenraion o major

prin dailies in he hands o wo business magnaes

one o whom ared well in he 983090983088983089983091 general elecions

poins o growing ies beween business poliics

and he media The elecion campaign also eaured

atemps o curb ediorial reedom a he public elevi-

sion broadcaser

The BalkansWih he end o he Yugoslav wars jus 983089983093 years behind

hem mos counries o he Balkan region coninue

o make only fiul progress on Nations in Transitrsquosdemocraizaion indicaors and here are sill no

consolidaed democraic regimes in he region Even

new EU member Croaiarsquos democraic insiuions are

sill considered ldquosemi-consolidaedrdquo under he reporrsquos

mehodology which akes ino accoun he naionrsquos

overwhelmed cour sysem is sruggles wih high-

level corrupion and he pressure and inimidaion

requenly aced by is journaliss

Neverheless he EU coninues o exer a posiive

influence in he Balkans wih he prospec o mem-

bership arguably serving as he single greaes mo-

ivaion or democraic behavior and reorm in hese

counries The Balkans is he only Nations in Transit

region o show improvemens in civil sociey over he

las decade

The mos noeworhy regional developmens in Na-

tions in Transit 983090983088983089983092 are

Serbia Kosovo and Albania Turn a Corner

Afer years o escalaing rheoric aborive negoia-

ions and occasional violence here was a break-

hrough in he EU-brokered dialogue beween Kosovo

and Serbia in 983090983088983089983091 In February Kosovo presiden

Aiee Jahjaga me in Brussels wih her Serbian coun

erpar Tomislav Nikolić marking he firs meeing

beween he counriesrsquo heads o sae since Kosovorsquos

983090983088983088983096 declaraion o independence which Belgradedoes no recognize In April he alks yielded a land-

mark agreemen under which Kosovo graned is Ser

minoriy increased auonomy and Serbia recognized

Prišinarsquos auhoriy in predominanly Serb areas

where Belgrade had long unded shadow governmen

srucures The wo paries also agreed no block eac

oherrsquos EU accession bids

Jus o he souh Albania earned is firs posiive

raings changes since 983090983088983088983096 hanks o flawed bu

compeiive parliamenary elecions in June and a

peaceul ranser o power laer in he year The coun-

ry had suffered seep declines during Sali Berisharsquos

second erm as prime miniser as he and his Demo-

craic Pary (PD) sough o consolidae heir auhoriy

hrough poliicized appoinmens o he judiciary he

presidency and oher key posiions

Setbacks for Bosnia and Macedonia

Two raings declines in 983090983088983089983091 caused Macedonia o be

demoed o he middling Nations in Transit caegory

o ldquoransiionalhybridrdquo regimes The counry was

paralyzed by a poliical crisis ha had eruped in lae

983090983088983089983090 when he governmen o Prime Miniser Nikola

Gruevski pushed hrough is annual budge aferorcibly ejecing opposiion members and journaliss

rom he parliamenary chamber Several opposiion

legislaors qui and i ook an inervenion by he

European Commission and oher inernaional bodie

o dissuade he main opposiion pary rom boycotin

local elecions in March

Macedoniarsquos growing resricions on independen

journalism drew inernaional atenion in 983090983088983089983091 whe

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

6

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 927

Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1027

POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 927

Tweny-five years ago in June 983089983097983096983097 Polandrsquos Solidariy

movemen swep he ruling communiss aside in an

elecion vicory ha would change he ace o Europe

This year also marks 983089983093 years in NATO or Poland

he Czech Republic and Hungary and 983089983088 years o EU

membership or hose counries plus Slovakia Slove-

nia and he Balics which also joined NATO in 983090983088983088983092

The all o communism and he gradual expansion o

NATO and he EU have been accompanied by remark-

able overall improvemens in democraic governance

in he saes affeced as recorded in nearly wodecades o assessmens by Nations in Transit

Bu he repor has also racked he sagnaion and

decline o governance condiions in he counries

o he eas This divergence is no simply he resul

o inernal weaknesses or he EUrsquos absence The

Kremlinrsquos recen belligerence in Ukraine has made i

clearer han ever ha sruggles or democracy in a

given counry do no play ou in isolaionmdashhere are

Conclusion Peace and Democracyexernal adversaries working o hwar and reverse

hem

Consequenly a ailure by he democraic world o

paricipae in hese sruggles wih sufficien vigor will

no only mean a lack o progress i will mean rerea

and real danger Democracies mus recognize ha

heir auhoriarian opponens are neiher valuable

parners nor guaranors o regional sabiliy and

craf heir policies accordingly Any cooperaion wih

undemocraic saes mus be ied o genuine andirreversible reorm

While calls o suppor air elecions civil sociey

independen media and he rule o law across he

poscommunis world may seem rivial or a leas

modes when compared wih he hrea o war inva-

sion and energy embargoes democraizing iniiaives

are ulimaely he bes and leas cosly way o preven-

ing hose oucomes

reporer Tomislav Kezarovski was arresed or alleg-

edly revealing he ideniy o a proeced winess in a

murder case Kezarovski was kep in prerial deen-

ion or five monhs and hen senenced o our and

a hal years in prison in Ocober In lae December

he parliamen adoped conroversial legislaion o

creae a new governmen-dominaed media regula-or

In Bosnia and Herzegovina a perennial poliical crisis

coninued o paralyze sae-level governance in 983090983088983089983091

I is increasingly clear ha he counryrsquos poliicians

are unwilling or unable o compromise or he sake

o achieving eiher shor- or long-erm goals even

hose ha hey claim o share In June repors ha

a hree-monh-old inan was unable o ravel abroad

or medical care because legislaors could no come

ogeher on a law regulaing idenificaion numbers

ouraged he public and led o demonsraions Thecompleion o he 983090983088983089983091 populaion censusmdashBosniarsquos

firs since 983089983097983097983089 and an imporan milesonemdashwas

deeply poliicized and parly marred by accusaions o

irregulariies Meanwhile unulfilled promises o he

EU promped significan unding cus

LGBT Rights Contested

Conservaives in a number of Balkan counries are

pushing back agains atemps o harmonize naional

laws and social norms wih European sandards

regarding equal righs for LGBT people In Serbia

auhoriies canceled he capial ciyrsquos Pride Parade for

he hird year in a row in 983090983088983089983091 The las such parade

in 983090983088983089983088 had ended in violence and he ciy has since

claimed ha i lacks he resources o cope wih

hreas agains he marches from far-righ groupsMontenegro held is firs Pride Parade in 983090983088983089983091 bu

socieal discriminaion remains srong wih 983095983089 per-

cen of respondens in a 983090983088983089983090 survey agreeing ha

homosexualiy is an ldquoillnessrdquo

Croatia hosed is larges Pride Parade o dae in

983090983088983089983091 as atendees showed solidariy in he ace o

a campaign o enac a consiuional ban on gay

marriage A reerendum on he amendmen was held

in December and 983094983094 percen o hose paricipa-

ing suppored i hough only 983091983096 percen o eligible

voers urned ou The iniiaive came in response oa governmen-backed bill ha would allow same-

sex couples o regiser as ldquolie parnersrdquo wih righs

equivalen o marriage excep in adopion The bill

has since salled in he parliamen The reerendum

effor was par o a broader rise in acivism by ulra-

conservaive groups wihin Croaian sociey many

o which are naionalis in orienaion and have in

he pas opposed atemps o punish Croaian war

criminals

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

7

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1027

POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1227

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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POPULATION BY REGIME TYPE

BALKANS23000000

EU MEMBERS102400000

EURASIA280300000

ConsolidatedDemocracy (CD)

Semi-ConsolidatedDemocracy (SCD)

Transitional Government orHybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-ConsolidatedAuthoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated AuthoritarianRegime (CA)

TH 31

SCA 8

CA 569M

SCA 1733M

CD 729M

SCD 436M

TH59M

Totalpopulation

4057M

SCD61

SCD29

CD71

TH19

SCA 61

CA 20

CA 2229M

SCA 105M

CD 727M

SCD406M

TH 628M

Totalpopulation

4095M

NIT 2005 NIT 2014 NUMBER OF COUNTRIEBY REGIME TYPE

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

rsquo05rsquo14

65

46

73

74

BALKANS22500000

EU MEMBERS101300000

EURASIA285700000

TH 39

SCA 8

SCD53

SCD28

CD72

TH 19

SCA3

CA 78

REGIME BREAKDOWN BY POPULATION AND REGION NIT 2005 VS NIT 2014Over the last decade governments across the former Soviet space have used corrupt judicial and law enforcement bodies to incapaci-

tate civic activists and eradicate the independent media moving more and more countries into the category of Consolidated Authoritar

ian Regimes In NIT 2014 seven countries with a combined population of 2229 million lived under entrenched authoritarian leadership

NIT 2005 NIT 2014Eurasia

EU Members

Russia

Azerbaijan83M

Armenia 32M

Tajikistan 66M

Kyrgyzstan 51M

Moldova42M

1441M

Uzbekistan264M

Kazakhstan15M

Belarus 98M

Turkmenistan 57M

Poland382M

CzechRepublic102M

Hungary101M

Lithuania34M

Slovenia 2M

Slovakia 54M

Latvia 23M

Estonia 13M

Albania 32M

Bosnia-Herz39M

Georgia 45M

Ukraine474M

Romania217M

Kosovo 18M

Bulgaria78M

Serbia 71M

Croatia 44M

Macedonia 2M

Montenegro600000

Armenia 3MKyrgyzstan 57M

Kosovo 18M

Russia

Azerbaijan94M

Belarus

95M

Turkmenistan 52M

Uzbekistan302M

Kazakhstan17M

Tajikistan 81M

1435M

Poland385M

CzechRepublic105M

Hungary99M

Slovakia 54M

Lithuania 3M

Slovenia21M

Latvia 2M

Estonia 13M

Georgia45M

Ukraine455M

Alb28

Moldova41M

Macedonia21M

Bosnia-Herz38M

Romania213M

Bulgaria73M

Serbia 71M

Cr4

Monteneg6000

Balkans

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

REGIONAL BREAKDOWN REGIME TYPE AND POPULATION

NIT 2005 NIT 2014

Eurasia

EU Members Balkans

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

8

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1227

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1127

LATVIA207

RUSSIA 629

LITHUANIA236

BELARUS 671

POLAND218

CZECH REPUBLIC225

SLOVAKIA261

HUNGARY296

SLOVENIA193

CROATIA368

BOSNIA983085HERZEGOVINA

443

SERBIA364

KOSOVO514

MONTENEGRO

386

ALBANIA418

ROMANIA346

BULGARIA325

MOLDOVA486

TURKMENISTAN 693

AZERBAIJAN 668

KAZAKHSTAN 661

UZBEKISTAN 693 TAJIKISTAN 632

KYRGYZSTAN 589

ESTONIA196

MACEDONIA400

UKRAINE493

GEORGIA

468

ARMENIA 536

PROPORTIONAL MAP OF NIT 2014 DEMOCRACY SCORESWith size shown in proportion to democratic progress

MOSTDEMOCRATIC

MOSTAUTHORITARIAN

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 983089 to983095 with 983089 representing the highest level odemocratic progress and 983095 the lowest The NIT983090983088983089983092 ratings reflect the period rom 983089 Januarythrough 983091983089 December 983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

9

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014 OVERALL DEMOCRACY SCORES

AuthoritarianDemocratic

NOTE The NIT ratings are based on a scale o 1 to 7 with 1 representing the highest level o democratic progress and 7 the

lowest The NIT 2014 ratings reflect the period rom 1 January through 31 December 2013

BALKANSEU MEMBERS EURASIA

Slovenia

Estonia

Latvia

Poland

Czech Republic

Lithuania

Slovakia

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Serbia

Croatia

Montenegro

Macedonia

Albania

Bosnia-HerzegovinaGeorgia

Moldova

Ukraine

Kosovo

Armenia

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Semi-Consolidated Democracies(983091983088983088-983091983097983097)

Consolidated Democracies(983089983088983088-983090983097983097)

Transitional Governments or Hybrid Regimes(983092983088983088-983092983097983097)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes and Internationally Administered Territories(983093983088983088-983093983097983097)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regimes(983094983088983088-983095983088983088)

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

10

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1327

CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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CATEGORIES

Country EP CS IM NGOV LGOV JFI CO DS

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983092983089983096

Armenia 983093983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983094983096

Belarus 983095983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983095983089

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983092983091

Bulgaria 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983088983088 983091983094983096

Czech Republic 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983097983094

Georgia 983092983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983094983096

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983091983095983093 983090983097983094

Kazakhstan 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983089

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983093983089983092

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983092983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983093983096983097

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983089983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983095983093 983091983093983088 983090983091983094

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983095983093 983092983096983094

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983090983095983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983091983090983093 983092983088983088 983093983088983088 983091983096983094

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983089983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983093983088 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983092983094

Russia 983094983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983090983097

Serbia 983091983090983093 983090983090983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983091983094983092

Slovakia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983095983093 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983093983088 983089983097983091

Tajikistan 983094983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983088983088 983090983093983088 983092983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983097983091

Average 983091983097983097 983091983093983096 983092983093983091 983092983095983090 983092983090983097 983092983092983093 983092983096983097 983092983091983093

Median 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983089983096

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014RATINGS AND DEMOCRACY SCORE SUMMARY

Categories

EP - Electoral ProcessCS - Civil Society

IM - Independent Media

Countries are rated on a scale o 1 to 7

with 1 representing the highest and 7 thelowest level o democratic progress The

average o these ratings is each countryrsquos

Democracy Score (DS)

NDG - National Democratic GovernanceLDG - Local Democratic GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and Independence

CO - Corruption

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

11

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1427

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Poland 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Romania 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983089983095983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983091 983089983096983091 983089983095983096 983089983096983091 983089983095983091 983089983096983088 983089983096983091 983089983096983093

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Croatia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Kosovo 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Average 983091983092983094 983091983093983088 983091983093983095 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983092983094 983091983093983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983089

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Belarus 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983095983097 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Median 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983094983091 983094983095983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNELECTORAL PROCESS

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

12

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1527

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983090983093

Estonia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Hungary 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Romania 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovakia 983089983090983093 983089983090983093 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Slovenia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983089983095983096 983089983095983096 983089983096983093 983089983096983088 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983097983088 983089983096983096

Median 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Croatia 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Kosovo 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Macedonia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Montenegro 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Serbia 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983091983090983089 983091983090983093 983091983090983089 983091983089983092 983091983089983092 983091983088983095 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983092 983091983088983092

Median 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Azerbaijan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Georgia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kazakhstan 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088

Moldova 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Russia 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Tajikistan 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983092983096983096 983092983097983096 983092983097983096 983093983088983090 983093983089983091 983093983089983095 983093983089983088 983093983089983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983095

Median 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983089983091 983093983091983096 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983094983088983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCIVIL SOCIETY

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

13

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1627

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Latvia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093

Poland 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983090983091 983090983091983091 983090983092983088 983090983092983091 983090983093983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983091 983090983095983088 983090983095983096

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983094983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Macedonia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088

Montenegro 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Average 983092983088983088 983091983097983094 983092983088983095 983092983089983092 983092983090983089 983092983091983090 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088

Moldova 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Russia 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983096983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983088 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983090 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983097983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNINDEPENDENT MEDIA

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

14

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1727

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Estonia 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Hungary 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Poland 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088

Average 983090983093983088 983090983092983093 983090983094983088 983090983094983093 983090983095983096 983090983096983091 983090983095983096 983090983096983088 983090983096983091 983090983096983096

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983096983096

The Balkans

Albania 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093

Croatia 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Serbia 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Average 983092983091983097 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983090 983092983091983097 983092983092983094 983092983093983092 983092983093983095 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Tajikistan 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983093983088983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983093983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983094 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983090983097 983094983091983093 983094983091983091 983094983091983096 983094983091983091 983094983091983096

Median 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

15

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1827

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983093983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Czech Republic 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093

Latvia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093

Lithuania 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983093983088

Romania 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovakia 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Average 983090983092983088 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983093 983090983091983091

Median 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983091983096 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983091983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Kosovo 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Macedonia 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Montenegro 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Average 983092983088983095 983091983097983094 983091983097983091 983091983097983091 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983094 983091983096983097 983091983096983097

Median 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Azerbaijan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Georgia 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983093983097983096 983094983088983092 983094983088983090 983094983088983094 983094983088983096 983094983088983096 983094983089983095 983094983089983097 983094983089983095 983094983089983095

Median 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983089983091 983094983089983091

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNLOCAL DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

16

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 1927

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Estonia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088

Hungary 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983095983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Latvia 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Lithuania 983089983095983093 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Romania 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Slovenia 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983093983088 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093 983089983095983093

Average 983090983090983088 983090983089983093 983090983089983091 983090983090983088 983090983090983096 983090983091983091 983090983091983091 983090983091983096 983090983091983093 983090983091983093

Median 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983089983096983096 983090983088983088 983090983088983088 983090983089983091 983090983090983093 983090983089983091 983090983089983091

The Balkans

Albania 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Croatia 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Kosovo 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Macedonia 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Serbia 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Average 983092983092983094 983092983091983094 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983092983091 983092983091983097 983092983092983091 983092983092983094 983092983093983088 983092983093983092

Median 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088

Azerbaijan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Belarus 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Georgia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Kazakhstan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093

Russia 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Tajikistan 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088Ukraine 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983093983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Uzbekistan 983094983090983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088 983095983088983088

Average 983093983094983093 983093983094983091 983093983094983093 983093983095983093 983093983096983091 983093983097983090 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983093

Median 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983094983091 983093983096983096 983093983096983096 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNJUDICIAL FRAMEWORK AND INDEPENDENCE

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

17

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

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Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2027

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Czech Republic 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Estonia 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088

Hungary 983090983095983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093

Latvia 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088

Lithuania 983091983095983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983093983088

Poland 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983090983095983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983093983088

Romania 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Slovakia 983091983088983088 983091983088983088 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983095983093 983091983093983088 983091983093983088 983091983095983093 983091983095983093

Slovenia 983090983088983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983093983088 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983093983088

Average 983091983090983091 983091983090983096 983091983090983091 983091983089983093 983091983090983093 983091983091983093 983091983091983091 983091983090983096 983091983091983088 983091983092983091

Median 983091983090983093 983091983090983093 983091983089983091 983091983089983091 983091983090983093 983091983091983096 983091983093983088 983091983091983096 983091983091983096 983091983093983088

The Balkans

Albania 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Croatia 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088

Kosovo 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088

Macedonia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983088983088 983092983090983093

Montenegro 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088

Serbia 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983090983093

Average 983093983089983089 983093983088983088 983092983097983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983097 983092983095983093 983092983094983096 983092983094983092 983092983095983093 983092983095983097

Median 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983095983093 983092983095983093

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983093983088 983093983090983093 983093983090983093 983093983090983093

Azerbaijan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Belarus 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Georgia 983093983095983093 983093983093983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983093983088983088 983092983095983093 983092983093983088 983092983093983088 983092983093983088

Kazakhstan 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088

Kyrgyzstan 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Moldova 983094983090983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983093983095983093 983093983095983093

Russia 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093

Tajikistan 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

Turkmenistan 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093Ukraine 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983093983095983093 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093

Uzbekistan 983094983088983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983093983088 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093 983094983095983093

Average 983094983088983094 983094983089983091 983094983088983096 983094983089983088 983094983089983088 983094983089983095 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983089983095

Median 983094983088983088 983094983089983091 983094983089983091 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983091983096 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093 983094983090983093

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNCORRUPTION

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

18

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2127

Country 983090983088983088983093 983090983088983088983094 983090983088983088983095 983090983088983088983096 983090983088983088983097 983090983088983089983088 983090983088983089983089 983090983088983089983090 983090983088983089983091 983090983088983089983092

EU Members

Bulgaria 983091983089983096 983090983097983091 983090983096983097 983090983096983094 983091983088983092 983091983088983092 983091983088983095 983091983089983092 983091983089983096 983091983090983093

Czech Republic 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983090983089 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983090983093

Estonia 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983094 983089983097983094

Hungary 983089983097983094 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983091983097 983090983094983089 983090983096983094 983090983096983097 983090983097983094

Latvia 983090983089983092 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983088983095 983090983089983096 983090983089983096 983090983089983092 983090983089983089 983090983088983095 983090983088983095

Lithuania 983090983090983089 983090983090983089 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983090983093 983090983090983093 983090983090983097 983090983091983090 983090983091983094

Poland 983090983088983088 983090983089983092 983090983091983094 983090983091983097 983090983090983093 983090983091983090 983090983090983089 983090983089983092 983090983089983096 983090983089983096

Romania 983091983091983097 983091983091983097 983091983090983097 983091983091983094 983091983091983094 983091983092983094 983091983092983091 983091983092983091 983091983093983088 983091983092983094

Slovakia 983090983088983088 983089983097983094 983090983089983092 983090983090983097 983090983092983094 983090983094983096 983090983093983092 983090983093983088 983090983093983095 983090983094983089

Slovenia 983089983094983096 983089983095983093 983089983096983090 983089983096983094 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983097983091 983089983096983097 983089983096983097 983089983097983091

Average 983090983090983096 983090983090983095 983090983091983090 983090983091983091 983090983091983097 983090983092983092 983090983092983091 983090983092983093 983090983092983095 983090983093983088

Median 983090983088983095 983090983089983089 983090983090983088 983090983090983088 983090983090983095 983090983090983097 983090983090983091 983090983090983092 983090983090983093 983090983091983089

The Balkans

Albania 983092983088983092 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983097983091 983092983088983092 983092983089983092 983092983090983093 983092983089983096

Bosnia-Herzegovina 983092983089983096 983092983088983095 983092983088983092 983092983089983089 983092983089983096 983092983090983093 983092983091983090 983092983091983094 983092983091983097 983092983092983091

Croatia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983095983093 983091983094983092 983091983095983089 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983089 983091983094983089 983091983094983096

Kosovo 983093983091983090 983093983091983094 983093983091983094 983093983090983089 983093983089983092 983093983088983095 983093983089983096 983093983089983096 983093983090983093 983093983089983092

Macedonia 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094 983091983096983094 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Montenegro 983091983095983097 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983094

Serbia 983091983095983093 983091983095983089 983091983094983096 983091983095983097 983091983095983097 983091983095983089 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092 983091983094983092

Average 983092983089983088 983092983088983093 983092983088983094 983092983088983091 983092983088983092 983092983088983092 983092983088983095 983092983088983097 983092983089983091 983092983089983091

Median 983091983096983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983096983090 983091983095983097 983091983096983090 983091983096983097 983091983097983091 983092983088983088

Eurasian States

Armenia 983093983089983096 983093983089983092 983093983090983089 983093983090983089 983093983091983097 983093983091983097 983093983092983091 983093983091983097 983093983091983094 983093983091983094

Azerbaijan 983093983096983094 983093983097983091 983094983088983088 983094983088983088 983094983090983093 983094983091983097 983094983092983094 983094983093983095 983094983094983092 983094983094983096

Belarus 983094983094983092 983094983095983089 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983093983095 983094983093983088 983094983093983095 983094983094983096 983094983095983089 983094983095983089

Georgia 983092983097983094 983092983096983094 983092983094983096 983092983095983097 983092983097983091 983092983097983091 983092983096983094 983092983096983090 983092983095983093 983092983094983096

Kazakhstan 983094983090983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983097 983094983091983090 983094983092983091 983094983092983091 983094983093983092 983094983093983095 983094983094983089

Kyrgyzstan 983093983094983092 983093983094983096 983093983094983096 983093983097983091 983094983088983092 983094983090983089 983094983089983089 983094983088983088 983093983097983094 983093983096983097

Moldova 983093983088983095 983092983097983094 983092983097983094 983093983088983088 983093983088983095 983093983089983092 983092983097983094 983092983096983097 983092983096983090 983092983096983094

Russia 983093983094983089 983093983095983093 983093983096983094 983093983097983094 983094983089983089 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983089983096 983094983090983089 983094983090983097

Tajikistan 983093983095983097 983093983097983091 983093983097983094 983094983088983095 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983092 983094983089983096 983094983090983093 983094983091983090

Turkmenistan 983094983097983091 983094983097983094 983094983097983094 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Ukraine 983092983093983088 983092983090983089 983092983090983093 983092983090983093 983092983091983097 983092983091983097 983092983094983089 983092983096983090 983092983096983094 983092983097983091

Uzbekistan 983094983092983091 983094983096983090 983094983096983090 983094983096983094 983094983096983097 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091 983094983097983091

Average 983093983095983092 983093983095983096 983093983095983097 983093983096983092 983093983097983090 983093983097983094 983093983097983095 983093983097983097 983094983088983088 983094983088983090

Median 983093983095983090 983093983096983092 983093983097983089 983093983097983096 983094983089983091 983094983089983096 983094983089983094 983094983089983096 983094983090983091 983094983091983089

NIT RATINGS HISTORY AND REGIONAL BREAKDOWNDEMOCRACY SCORES

Includes 983090983088983088983092 and 983090983088983088983095 entrants excludes Croatia which joined mid-983090983088983089983091

wwwreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

19

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2227

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

21

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

20

RUSSIA

RUSSIA

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AZERBAIJAN

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

UKRAINE

BELARUS

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

CZECH REP

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

MACEDONIA

ALBANIAKOSOVO

MONTENEGRO

SERBIA

BOSNIA amp HERZ

HUNGARY

SLOVENIACROATIA

NATIONS IN TRANSIT 2014

The map reflects the findings of Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit 2014 survey which assesses the status of democratic

development in 29 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia during 2013 Freedom House i ntroduced a Democracy

Scoremdashan average of each countryrsquos ratings on all of the indicators covered by Nations in Transitmdashbeginning with the

2004 edition The Democracy Score is designe d to simplify analysis of the countriesrsquo overall progress or deterioration

from year to year Based on the Democracy Score and its scale of 1 to 7 Freedom House has defined the following regime

types consolidated democracy (1ndash2) semi-consolidated democracy (3) transitional governmenthybrid regime (4) semi-

consolidated authoritarian regime (5) and consolidated authoritarian regime (6ndash7)

SURVEY FINDINGS

Regime Type

Consolidated Democracy (CD)

Semi-Consolidated Democracy (SCD)

Transitional Government or Hybrid Regime (TH)

Semi-Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (SCA)

Consolidated Authoritarian Regime (CA)

Total

8

5

6

3

7

29

No of countries

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2327

Albania

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

418

4

3

4

35

475

525

475

Armenia

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

536

575

375

575

575

55

525

575

Azerbaijan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

668

7

65

675

65

65

675

675

Belarus

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

671

7

65

675

675

7

625

675

Bosnia-Herzegovina

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

443

325

35

475

475

425

475

575

Croatia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIA

368

325

275

4

375

45

4

35

Bulgaria

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

325

225

225

4

3

325

425

375

CzechRepublic

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

225

125

175

275

175

175

35

3

Estonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUTHORITARIAN

196

175

175

15

25

15

25

225

Georgia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIA

468

45

375

4

55

5

45

55

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil Society

IM - Independent MediaNDG - National DemocraticGovernance

LDG - Local Democratic

GovernanceJFI - Judicial Framework and

Independence

CO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are ratedon a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representing

the highest and7 the lowest level

of democratic

progress Theaverage of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overall

Democracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Nations in Transit 2014 Eurasiarsquos Rupture with Democracy

22

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2427

Hungary

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

296

225

225

35

275

25

375

375

Kazakhstan

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

661

675

65

675

65

65

65

675

Kosovo

EP

CSIM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

514

475

375

575

475

55

6

55

Kyrgyzstan

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

589

55

45

6

625

625

625

65

Latvia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

207

175

175

2

225

175

3

2

Lithuania

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

236

2

175

225

25

175

35

275

Macedonia

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITARIAN

400

325

325

5

375

425

425

425

Moldova

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

486

4

325

5

575

475

575

55

Montenegro

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

386

35

275

425

325

4

5

425

Poland

EP

CS

IM

NDG

LDG

JFI

CO

DEMOCRAT IC AUT HORITARIAN

218

125

15

25

15

25

35

25

EP - Electoral Process

CS - Civil SocietyIM - Independent MediaNDG - National Democratic

Governance

LDG - Local DemocraticGovernance

JFI - Judicial Framework and

IndependenceCO - Corruption

NIT 2014

COUNTRY

RATINGS

Countries are rated

on a scale of 1 to 7

with 1 representingthe highest and

7 the lowest level

of democraticprogress The

average of these

scores is the

countryrsquos overallDemocracy Score

DEMOCRATIC

AUTHORITARIAN

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

wwwfreedomhouseorg

Freedom House

23

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2527

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2627

ldquoAs postcommunist political experiences further diversify with every

passing year the value of Nations in Transit only grows Its incisive

objective country surveys cut to the heart of complex political realities

greatly aiding comparative analysis by scholars and policymakers alikerdquo

mdashTHOMAS CAROTHERS

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC

ldquoNations in Transit is an indispensible source very well researched and

reliablerdquo

mdashMICHAEL EMERSON

Centre for European Policy Studies Brussels

Freedom House supports global freedom through comprehensive analysis dedicated

advocacy and concrete assistance for democratic activists around the world

Founded in 983089983097983092983089 Freedom House has long been a vigorous proponent of the right of all

individuals to be free Eleanor Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie served as Freedom Housersquos

first honorary cochairpersons

Support the right of every individual to be free

Donate now wwwfreedomhouseorg

DAVID J KRAMER

President

KENNETH I JUSTER

ChairFreedom House Board of Trustees

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO

8122019 Raporti i Freedom House_001

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullraporti-i-freedom-house001 2727

Freedom House is a nonprofit

nonpartisan organization that

supports democratic change

monitors freedom and advocates

983089983091983088983089 Connecticut Ave NW Floor 983094

Washington DC 983090983088983088983091983094

wwwfreedomhouseorg

983090983088983090983090983097983094983093983089983088983089983089983090983088 Wall Street 983090983094th floor

Since 983089983097983097983093 Freedom Housersquos Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of

democratic development from Central Europe to Central Asia pinpointing the regionrsquos

greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers researchers

journalists and democracy advocates alike Covering 983090983097 countries Nations in Transit provides

comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of local and national democratic governance in the

postcommunist world Nations in Transit 983090983088983089983092 evaluates developments in these countries

during the 983090983088983089983091 calendar year

PHOTO BY SASHA MAKSYMENKO