BrandeWulffJohnInnesCentreNorwich,UK

2

3

Edgar McFadden 1891-1956

“Itrequiresaboutthesamelengthof4metodevelopahybridstrainofwheatasitdoestoraisea[child]”

A.W.Erickson,1945

R1.X

.R1

Introducing resistance genes by wide crossing

R1.

Stacking cloned resistance genes

R2.

R3.R1R2R3

The three challenges of wild grasses

Agronomy

MutaGonalgenomics GenomecomplexityreducGonAlienintrogressions

.R1

Giantgenomes

Arabidopsis0.12GB

Wildgrass~7Gb

Wheat17Gb

GenesRgenes

SuppressedrecombinaGon

Recombina

Gon

Mutagenesis & sequencing

EMS

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R2500Resistantparent ...

x x x xMutant1 ...

xx x x xxxxxx

xx

xx

xx

Mutant2

Mutant3

Mutant4

Mutant5

...

...

...

...

MutRenSeq:resistancegeneenrichmentsequencingofmutants

Baits

GenesRgenes

GenomicDNA

MutantHunter

1.Assemblewildtype

2.Mapmutants

3.DetectmutaGons

4.DeterminemutaGonoverlap

Candidategene

Wheatstemrust

1999

Wheatgrowingarea

2015 2008

2006

2013

IsolaGonofNB-LRRsbyMutRenSeq

1S 2S 3S1 5S1 6S 7S1Sr22Mutants

**

7,5005,0002,500

CC NB LRR5’UTR 3’UTR

RenSeqcon7g10555_1

RenSeqcon7g3841_1

bp0

FielderTransgenics

InancientRomanreligion,theRobigaliawasafes7valheldApril25.Itsmainritualwasadogsacrificetoprotectgrainfieldsfromdisease.Thesacrificialofferingwasthebloodandentrailsofanunweanedpuppy.

EnrichedDNATotalgDNA

2a Targetedenrichment

1 Mutagenesisandscreening

EMS

3 Bioinforma7csSequencing

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R2500Resistantparent ...

x x x xMutant1

xx x x xxxxxx

xx

xx

xx

Mutant2

Mutant3

Mutant4

Mutant5 ..

...

...

...

...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

12

345

6

7

Rela7veDNAcontentGAA-FITC

fluo

rescen

ce

2b Chromosomeflowsor7ngandamplifica7on

MutChromSeq

αβ-hydrolasefold5’UTR 3’UTR

ChromSeqcon7g_946_1

10 110 kb

2 **

Barleyeceriferum-q

ChromSeqcon7g_7526_1

010

**

NB-ARC LRRsCC

7

2

689

***

5’UTR 3’UTR

5kb

Wheatpowderymildewresistance2

Mutate RenSeq BioinformaGcs TransgenicScreenSr22

Sr45

Sr1644

Sr43

Sr44

Sr2020

Sr40

Sr25

Sr51

Sr53

Clone Stack Deploy

TradiGonalBreedingWildwheat

Breadwheat

Introgression

MutSeq

Clonedgene

ClonedgenesWildwheatdiversitypanel

AgRenSeq

Genepyramid

Engineering

OpenWildWheat

AliMehrabi,IlamUniversity,IranAlisonBentley,Na7onalIns7tuteofAgriculturalBotany,UKAmirSharon,Ins7tuteofCerealCropImprovement,IsraelBrandeWulff,JohnInnesCentre,UK BrianSteffenson,UniversityofMinnesota,USA BurkhardSteuernagel,JohnInnesCentre,UK CarolinaPaolaSansaloni,CIMMYT,MexicoEvansLagudah,CSIRO,AustraliaFiruzaNasyrova,AcademyofSciences,TajikistanHananSela,Ins7tuteofCerealCropImprovement,IsraelJanDvorak,UCDavis,USAJessePoland,KansasStateUniversity,USAKlausMayer,HelmholtzZentrumMünchen,GermanyKseniaKrasileva,EarlhamIns7tute,UKMarioCaccamo,Na7onalIns7tuteofAgricultualBotany,UKMarGnMascher,IPKGatersleben,GermanyMikeAmbrose,GermplasmResourcesUnit,UKMinghengLuo,UCDavis,USAParveenChhuneja,PunjabAgriculturalUniversity,India

AsyrafHacaBurkhardSteuernagelDeepikaNarangGuotaiYu LucyMcCannNgoniKangaraSanuAroraSreyaGhoshYajuanYue

Acknowledgements