Quraan and Management

8/14/2019 Quraan and Management

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By: Sayad Rashid IIBS, Bangalore 1

Management today is defined as

getting things done throughothers. Following this concept,a Manager is now understood as

the person who works throughothers. A good manager, therefore, is aperson who not only knows what is to bedone but exactly how to get it done.

ISLAMIC CONCEPT OFMANAGEMENT


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The Holy Quran confirms:[43:32]

We raise some ofthem above others in ranks,so that some may command

work from others...

This Ayah (43:32) encompasses theentire philosophy and wisdom of modern

management. It emphasizes, in essence, thecreation of appropriate hierarchies and thedivision of responsibilities subject toindividual capabilities.


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Quran andModernManagement

The Holy Quran has also laid down the

institutional framework for putting this

golden rule into practice: 1.Obedience and Respect for

Authority;

2.Principles of Equal Opportunities;and

3.Motivation and Commitment.


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OBEDIENCE ANDRESPECT FOR AUTHORITY

Obedience and respect for authorityis the basic fundamental requisite for takingwork from others and getting it done.Working through people actuallypresupposes the willingness of people toobey. It is therefore necessary for those

people who are given the job to complete atask to obey all legal and reasonable ordersand perform it responsibly.


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Holy Quran instructs:[4:59]

Obey Allah and His

Messenger and those in position

of authority among you.

When this spirit of voluntary obedience is instilled inthe mind of an employee, the scope of the hierarchyas envisaged by the Ayat is strengthened [43:32].Needless to say, without the spirit of voluntaryobedience among those who work, the creation ofhierarchy will not serve any purpose .


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JOINT CONSULTATION &TEAM WORK

The modern world realized the importanceof joint consultation (Shura) and team-work when the Japanese based itsmanagement style on it and proved to the

world of its effectiveness.


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The Holy Quran advocates for thisconcept:

[42:83]...and those who do

their work through mutual

Consultation

[3:159] pass over (their faults), and ask for(God's) forgiveness for them; and consult themin affairs (of moment). Then, when you havetaken a decision put your trust in God, for Godloves those who put their trust (in Him).


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PRINCIPLE OF EQUALOPPORTUNITIES

The principle of equal opportunitiespostulate that all members of an

organization shall have equal and fairchances to grow, contribute, and berewarded accordingly.


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The Holy Quran emphasisthis golden rule: [49:13]

O people We created you from a single

male and female couple and thendivided you in nations and tribes sothat you may recognize one another.Verily the most honorable among you

in the sight of Allah is he who is mostrighteous of you.


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Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) expounded the

verse on the occasion of Hajat-ul-Widaa, in

the following words:

In the light of this Quranic verse no Arabhas any superiority over a non-Arab nordoes any non-Arab have any superiority

over an Arab. Neither black is superior towhite nor white is superior to black. Ofcourse, if there is any criterion ofsuperiority and respectability in the sight of

Allah, it is Taqwa (righteousness).


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In Management, The words mean:

These words suggest that despite the fact that weare all equal, human beings can excel over oneanother in certain aspects of life. One such aspectcould be in terms of righteousness.

In the realm of management, it would mean thatthe criteria for entitlement to any benefit, reward,position, or status shall be such that any one havingrequisite qualifications and experience should haveequal opportunity to achieve it. This will obviously goa long way towards maintain the requisite degree ofharmony in the work environment conducive to thesmooth working of the management process.


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MOTIVATION & COMMITMENT

Making people what they aresupposed to do requires a certain

degree of commitment which can onlybe achieved through motivation. It isan established fact that the way aManager behaves or deals with the

subordinates determines the leveland vitality of their motivation andcommitment to a great extent.


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The Holy Quran too speaks aboutthis golden rule:[3:159]

(telling the Prophet) If you had been

stern and fierce of heart they (thecompanions and followers) wouldhave disappeared from around you.So pardon them and ask forgiveness

for them and consult them in theconduct of affairs


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What it Mean to Management?

This beautiful ayat emphasizes upon two aspects:one, that compassionate and sympathetic behaviortowards companions and followers, and second, theadoption of participatory approach when dealing with

them i.e. consulting them, is the most effective wayof management. If this golden rule is not observedthen they will disappear from you i.e. they wontpay attention nor any interest in you or what yourwork entails.

Both these golden rules play vital role in themotivation of subordinates and inculcating in themthe spirit of commitment and passion for work.


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THE CORNERSTONE OF TOYOTASSUCCES: ELIMINATION OF WASTE

Wastage either in terms of

material, human capital, energy,machine utilization, or processingtime, creates inefficiencies resultingin the increase of costs and

consequent decrease in profits.


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The Holy Quran says:[17:26] And render to the kindred their due

rights, as (also) to those in want, and to thewayfarer. But waste not (your wealth, time,health, talents, opportunities etc) in the

manner of a spendthrift.

[17:27] For the wasteful are the brothers ofSatan; and Satan is ungrateful to his Lord.

[7:31] O Children of Adam! wear your beautiful apparelat every time and place of prayer: eat and drink: Butwaste not by excess, for Allah loveth not thewasters.


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Management as Example:

It was Toyota who first understood and implemented thisgolden rule in business, not the Muslims. Their successis thus based on two principles:

3. Complete Elimination of Wastage; and

4. 2. Equal Level of Respect for All.

Continuous and aggressive pursuit of wastage

elimination led Toyota to become one of the mostefficient manufacturing organizations in the world. Thecompany is now able to produce the best quality ofautomotive products at the least possible cost whilemaintaining the highest pay-scale for its employees.


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QUALITY MANAGEMENTSYSTEM

A business cannot flourish in the long run if itdoesnt give its customer what it promises

to. The main focus of a businessman is tomake profits and not necessarily to satisfythe customer. It would not be wrong to saythat the only time the businessman realizes

that customer satisfaction is important iswhen he understand that this is directlyrelated with his profitability margins.


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The Holy Quran commands:

[6:152]And come not nigh to theorphan's property, except to improve it,until he attain the age of full strength; give

measure and weight with (full) justice;- noburden do We place on any soul, but thatwhich it can bear;- whenever ye speak,speak justly, even if a near relative is

concerned; and fulfill the covenant of Allah.Thus doth He command you that ye mayremember.


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What it means to business?

For a businessman, there is no alternativebut to satisfy his customer, even if themarket and economic forces are making itdifficult for him to do so. It is his obligation

to God that he resists these forces andstruggle and strive (wage Jihad) to fulfillthe above-mentioned commandments,even if he has to compromise on someprofit or put up some extra effort (up to his

capacity). For him, profit is only a meansto keep his business alive and to satisfy hiscustomer i.e. the end.


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FULFILLING CONTRACTS,COMMITMENTS, & PROMISES

Whereas promises are verbal commitment,contracts are written. From the NikahNamah to a business plan, including any

financial agreement, are all different formsof written promises that we make. If welook at it strictly from the business point of-view, commitments and promises are a

daily routine affair. To run a businesssuccessfully, a businessman should notmake promises that he cannot keep norbreak any that he has made.


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The Holy Quran instructs:

[17:34]Allah says, Fulfill your contracts. Contractswill be asked about.

[16:91]And the Almighty says, Be true to Allah's

contract when you have agreed to it.

[5:1]The Almighty says, O you who believe! Fulfillyour contracts.

[61:2-3]And the Almighty says, O you whobelieve! Why do you say what you do not do? It isdeeply abhorrent to Allah that you say what you donot do.


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CONCLUSION

Success and prosperity is the outcome ofcommitment to certain golden principles of life,and not out of luck and fateprinciples that arereadily available to us in the Holy Quran. These

principles are independent and universal of anyparticular profession and primarily aims atbuilding a whole man capable of achieving histrue potential in the purpose of his lifeeitherthrough some business setup of his own or

through as an employee. What remains desiredis the practical implementation of theseprinciples in our socio-economic and politicallives.

Quraan and Management

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