Macromolecules Section 2.3 Notes. A little chemical review Molecules Compounds Bonding.
Quiz Review Select a topic to complete a short review. Macromolecules Review Cell Review QUIT.
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Transcript of Quiz Review Select a topic to complete a short review. Macromolecules Review Cell Review QUIT.
When 2 molecules are joined and a water molecule is removed in the process:
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis
Enzymes work as catalysts by:
Decreasing the activation energy of a rxn
Decreasing the free energy of a rxn
Bypassing the transition state of a rxn
The functional groups found in a monosaccharide:
Carbonyl and hydroxyl
Glycosidic and hydroxyl
Carboxyl and hydroxyl
Difference between starch and cellulose:
Starch have 1-4 glycosidic linkage, while cellulose has 1-4 glycosidic
linkage
In starch some glucose monomers are oriented upside down.
Cellulose has 1-4 glycosidic linkage, While starch has 1-4 glycosidic
linkage
When a maltose goes through a hydrolysis reaction, the products will be:
2 glucose molecules
1 glucose and 1 fructose molecules
2 sucrose molecules
Vegetable oils are liquid at room temperature due to:
Presence of double bonds, resulting inkinks on the fatty acid chains
Having fully saturated fatty acid chains
Its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water
Which of the following is FALSE?
There are 12 essential amino acids
8 of the amino acids must be obtainedfrom our diet
Some amino acids are polar, some non-polar & some electrically charged
In a condensation reaction between glycerol and fatty acids, the following linkage is formed:
Ester
Glycosidic
Peptide
The second diagram below represents:
Non-competitive inhibition
Competitive inhibition
Functional enzymes
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets represent a protein’s:
Secondary structure
Primary structure
Tertiary structure
In a hydrolysis reaction:
Polymer is broken down into smaller units and energy is released
Monomers are joined together and energy is released
No energy is required
Which of the following does NOT contribute to a protein’s tertiary structure:
Peptide bond
Disulfide bridge
Proline kink
Component of the nucleic acid:
A phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar and nitrogenous base
A glycerol, a phosphate group and2 hydrocarbon chains
An amino group & a carboxyl group both attached to central carbon
The bond that links one nucleotide to another on one strand of DNA is:
Phosphodiester bond
Hydrogen bond
Peptide bond
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plant cells:
Numerous small vacuoles
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Primary function of cytoskeleton in cells:
Provide structure, shape, support & stability
Allow endocytosis and exocytosis to occur
Keeps organelles from moving around
The passage of RNA from nucleus to the cytoplasm is controlled by:
Nuclear pore complexes
Cytosol
Nucleolus
In a non-dividing cells, a complex mixture of DNA and proteins that represent the unfolded state of chromosomes is called;
Chromatin
Centrioles
Sister chromatids
With regards to mitochondria and chloroplasts:
Both contain some of their own DNA
Both are found in animal cells
Both function to provide energy to cells
Grana are:
Stacks of chlorophyll-containing thylakoids
Grain-like features seen on EndoplasmicReticulum
Found within the cristae of mitochondria
Which of the following is FALSE:
Smooth ER synthesizes proteins and lipids
Plant cells contain a large central vacuole
The fluid in the cytoplasm is called cytosol
Lysosomes are:
Produced by Golgi apparatus and containenzymes that do hydrolysis rxn
Produced by ER and contain enzymesthat do redox rxn
Produced by the mitochondria for transportof proteins