Organic Chem Review. MONOMERS Macromolecules are made up of smaller units called.
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Transcript of Organic Chem Review. MONOMERS Macromolecules are made up of smaller units called.
![Page 1: Organic Chem Review. MONOMERS Macromolecules are made up of smaller units called.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649d0a5503460f949dc809/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Organic Chem Review
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MONOMERS
Macromolecules are made up of smaller units called
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ISOMERS
These two molecules Are examples of ______________.
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Organic molecules contain the elements ____________ and _________, and they must be _____________ .
CARBON HYDROGEN
BONDED TOGETHER
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HYDROXYLCARBOXYLIC ACID
Name the functionalgroups.
O
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Amino
Name the functionalgroups.
CH3 NH2
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Dehydration synthesis
The reaction by which monomers are joined together is called ______________________ .
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Ringoxygenhydroxide
Carbohydrates consist of a __________, with _______embedded in it, and several _______________ functional units.
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Carbohydratedisaccharide
This molecule can be categorized as a ___________, and a ___________________.
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Glycosidic bonds
The bonds that hold monosaccharides together are called _______________ .
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Energy, structure in plants (cellulose), structure in invertebrates (exoskeletons)
The functions of carbohydrates are ___________.
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43
If a polymer has 43 bonds, how many molecules of water were produced during dehydration synthesis?
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monosaccharide
The monomer of a carbohydrate is called ______.
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-ose
Carbohydrates can be recognized by name, because they all end in _________.
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hydrophobic
Lipids are grouped together because they are all ___________, not because of structural similarities.
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Glycerol fatty acids
Fats are composed of one ______ molecule with three __________ attached.
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no
Saturated fats contain ___ double bonds.
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Cell membranes
Phospholipids are a key component of ___________.
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Glycerolphosphate groupfatty acids
Phospholipids are composed of one __________, one ______, and two _____________.
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Phosphatefatty acid
The _______ end of a phospholipid is hydrophilic, and the ________ end is hydrophobic.
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Phosphatefatty acid
When phospholipids are in the presence of water, the ______ end will face the water, the _________ will face inside – thus forming a ___________________.
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steroids
The three lipids are fats, phospholipids, and __________.
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Rings fused together
Steroids consist of four _______ that are _________.
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Dehydration synthesis
The reactions shown above is
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Energy, cushioning for organs, insulation
The functions of lipids are ____________ .
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Amino acids
Protein monomers are called __________.
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peptide
Protein monomers are connected by ________ bonds.
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20
There are ______ amino acids.
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There are ____ levels of protein structure.
4
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The primary structure consists of a protein’s ____________.
AMINO ACID SEQUENCE
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The secondary structure consists of ____________.
ALPHA HELIX OR BETA PLEATS
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The tertiary structure consists of ____________.
FOLDING CAUSED BY ELECTRICAL CHARGES AND HYDROPHOBICITY OF AMINO ACIDS
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The quaternary structure consists of ____________.
PROTEIN MOLECULES BONDING WITH OTHER PROTEIN MOLECULES
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If conditions are not optimum, a protein molecule will unfold. This is called ____________.
DENATURING
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Can proteins renature?
YES
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What happens when proteins denature?
THEY DO NOT FUNCTION
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contain amino and carboxyl functional groups
Amino acids structurally ______________ .
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protein
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fat
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hydrolysis
The reaction shown above is ____________
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phospholipid bilayer
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steroid
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phospholipid
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NUCLEIC ACID
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The primary purpose of Nucleic Acids is _________.
TO STORE AND TRANSMIT GENETIC INFORMATION
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There are ____ nucleic acids (____________).
2Deoxyribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid
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There are ______ parts of nucleic acids: __________.
3A 5-ring sugar, a phosphate group, and a base
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The two sides of a nucleic acid strand are held together by _________ bonds.
HYDROGEN
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The monomer of nucleic acids is _____________.
NUCLEOTIDES
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Cells get most of their energy from ___________.
ATP
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The ATP molecule consists of _____________.
The base Adenine, a 5-ring sugar, and three phosphate groups attached.
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ATP