Quality of Life Issues in Female Urinary Incontinence · 2012. 10. 23. · Thomas TM, Plymat KR,...

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Quality of Life Issues in Female Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Issues in Female Urinary Incontinence Shing-Kai Yip BSc, MBChB, MD, FHKAM(O&G), FHKCOG, FRCOG Professor & Honorary Consultant Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital HONG KONG

Transcript of Quality of Life Issues in Female Urinary Incontinence · 2012. 10. 23. · Thomas TM, Plymat KR,...

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    Quality of Life Issues inFemale Urinary Incontinence

    Shing-Kai YipBSc, MBChB, MD, FHKAM(O&G), FHKCOG, FRCOG

    Professor & Honorary ConsultantDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

    The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales Hospital

    HONG KONG

  • Overview大綱

    What is quality of life (QoL)

    How to measure QoL

    QoL and urinary incontinence

    Hong Kong experience

    甚麼是生活質素 (QoL)

    怎樣去量度生活質素

    生活質素與尿失禁

    香港經驗

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  • What Is Health?甚麼是健康

    • World Health Organization (1948):

    世界衛生組織(1948):

    “Health is not merely the absence of disease, but

    complete physical, mental and social wellbeing.”

    『健康是生理、心理與社會的整體健全狀態,不只是沒有疾病或

    殘廢。』

    World Health Organization. Definition of health from preamble to the constitution of the WHO basic documents, edn 28. Geneva; WHO: 1978:1.

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  • Health健康

    • General physical health整體生理健康

    • Functioning as a normal person:一個健康的人應有的正常功能:

    – Physical 生理– Emotional 情緒– Cognitive 認知– Role 職分– Social wellbeing 社會福祉– Social functioning 社會功能– Sexual 性生活

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  • • A patient’s psychosocial adjustment to illness are

    equally important as the status of their physical

    disease

    一個病人對疾病的心理社會調整是與他的疾病同等重要

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  • Modern Medicine現代醫學

    • Chronic / degenerative / incurable diseases長期病 / 退化病 (變性性疾病) / 不治之症

    • Rehabilitation and / or palliation are integral to treatment復健 / 姑息性治療成為主要治療方案

    • Care rather than cure關切比治瘉更重要

    • Alleviate rather than abolishment of symptoms減輕症狀比祛除症狀更實際

    • Late or residual problems of psychosocial adaptation疾病後期或康復期常有心理社會適應問題

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  • • The assessment and success of treatment can no longer be measured purely in terms of clinical parameters alone:評估治療的成功與否不可單靠臨床指標:

    – Cure rate完全康復率

    – Mortality rate死亡率

    – Survival rate存活率

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  • Normal Rockwell (1894 - 1978): Doctor and Doll, 1929

  • What Is QoL?甚麼是生活質素

    • Abstract concept

    抽象概念

    • Encompassing an individual’s perceived level of physical,

    psychological, and social wellbeing

    包括個人在生理、心理及社會福祉多方面的感受程度

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  • QoL生活質素

    • It is a highly subjective phenomenon, mediated by personal and cultural values and beliefs, self-concepts, and goals

    生活質素是一個高度主觀的現象,它是受到個人及文化的價值觀

    與信念、自我概念及生活目標等所影響

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  • QoL生活質素

    • QoL is influenced by broad spectrum of human experiencesincluding diseases, accidents, treatments, interpersonal relationships, and social supports

    生活質素受到人生多方面所影響:疾病、意外、治療、人際關係

    及社交支援

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  • 富嶽三十六景。《神奈川沖浪裏》。葛飾北斎。江戸時代。

    Hokusai (1760 - 1849): Great Waves Off Kanagawa, circa 1830. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

  • The Burden of Incontinence尿失禁所帶來的負擔

    • Discomfort 不適

    • Odour and smell 異味

    • Impaired sexual life 影嚮性生活

    • Emotional problems 情緒困擾

    • Limited social activities 社交生活受限制

    • Restricted physical exercise 運動受限制

    • Inability to perform housework 家務受影嚮

    • Unemployment & increased financial costs 經濟困難

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  • Characteristics of Urinary Incontinence尿失禁的特質

    • Urinary incontinence

    尿失禁

    – Chronic 長期疾病

    – Non-fatal 不致命

    – Unrelenting 不痊瘉

    – Debilitating 極度消磨

    – Psychosocial sequelae 心理社會後遺症

    – Suboptimal cure rates 痊瘉率不理想

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    “The Scream.” 1893Edvard Munch

    Nasjonalgalleriet, Oslo

  • Incontinence & QoL尿失禁與生活質素

    • Urinary incontinence is a distressing and disabling condition causing significant morbidity within society

    尿失禁是一個痛苦和令人喪失能力的疾病,它可在社會內引致極

    大的病態

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  • Incontinence & QoL尿失禁與生活質素

    • Affects the social, psychological, occupational, domestic, physical, and sexual lives of 15 – 30% of women of all ages (Thomas et al 1980)

    尿失禁對 15-30% 的女性(所有年齡)有以下影響:社交、心理、

    工作、家庭、生理及性生活

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    Thomas TM, Plymat KR, Blanin J, Meade TW. Prevalence of urinary incontinence. Br Med J 1980;281(6250):1243-5.

  • Incontinence & QoL尿失禁與生活質素

    • Activities such as household chores, physical recreation, and hobbies are particularly affected (Kelleher et al. 1995)

    尿失禁對以下有特別嚴重的影響:家務、運動、及嗜好香

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    Kelleher CJ, Cardozo LD, Toozs-Hobson PM. Quality of life and urinary incontinence. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 1995;7:404-8.

  • This is an eye testIf you can read the following, you don't have incontinence

  • "NO SEX CAUSES BAD EYES"You got bad eyes!

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    • Occurs during penetration or at the time of orgasm發生於性交或高潮

    • 10-23% of women leak urine during sex百分之十至廿三的女性有性交尿失禁

    • 13% in Hong Kong women香港女性有百分之十三

    Yip SK, Sahota D, Chang AM, Chung TK. Four-year follow-up of women who were diagnosed to have postpartum urinary retention. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;187:648-52.

    Moran PA, Dwyer PL, Ziccone SP. Urinary leakage during coitus in women. J Obstet Gynaecol 1999;19:286-8.

    Korda A, Cooper M, Hunter P. Coital urinary incontinence in an Australian population. Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol 1989;15:313-5.

    Coital Incontinence性交尿失禁

  • Marital & Sexual Dysfunctions婚姻失調與性失調

    • Sex-related variables such as sexual satisfaction, drive, attitudes are distorted in incontinent women (Brown et al. 1998)尿失禁女性常有下列方面的性失調:性滿足、性慾、性態度

    • Hong Kong Chinese women with urinary incontinence also suffer from poor marital relationship, and sexual dysfunctions[body satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and sexual drive] (Yip et al., 2003)香港的尿失禁女性亦有婚姻失調與性失調

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    Yip SK, Chan A, Tang C, Shek D, Chung TKH. A study on the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life, dyadic relationship and sexual function in Hong Kong Chinese women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;188:1244-8.

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    VariablesNormal

    Median (IQR)N = 26

    USIMedian (IQR)

    N = 36

    DOMedian (IQR)

    N = 29

    p*

    DAS: Total Score總分

    117.5(103 – 125.5)

    100.5(87.3 – 118)

    88(77.5 – 108.5)

    0.001

    DAS: Consensus夫婦間的共識

    49(45.8 – 56)

    43.5(37.5 – 50.3)

    41(32 – 51.5)

    0.008

    DAS: Satisfaction對這段婚姻的滿足感

    39.5(30.8 – 42.3)

    36(31 – 40)

    33(26 – 35)

    0.007

    DAS: Cohesion夫婦間的內聚力

    17.5(13.3 – 21.3)

    12.5(7 – 21.5)

    13(3.5 – 16)

    0.015

    DAS: Affect夫婦間的感情

    9.5(8 – 11)

    8(6 – 9)

    7(5.5 – 10)

    0.015

    DSFI: Body Satisfaction身體上的滿足

    29.5(27 – 32.3)

    28(24 – 31)

    27(24 – 30)

    0.037

    DSFI: Global Sexual Satisfaction總體上的性滿足

    5.5(4 – 6)

    4(4 – 6)

    4(3.5 – 5)

    0.032

    DSFI: Sexual Drive性需要

    9(6 – 11)

    7(4 – 10)

    6(3 – 9.8)

    0.231

    *Kruskal Wallis testDAS = Dyadic Adjustment Scale (婚姻失調問卷). Higher scores = better marital relationshipDSFI = Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory (性失調問卷). Higher scores = better sexual relationship

    Yip SK, Chan A, Tang C, Shek D, Chung TKH. A study on the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life, dyadic relationship and sexual function in Hong Kong Chinese women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;188:1244-8.

    Marital & Sexual Dysfunctions婚姻失調與性失調

  • Economic Consequences尿失禁的經濟影嚮

    • Incontinence is expensive尿失禁有極大的負面經濟影嚮

    • Pads, devices, laundering, nursing man-power護墊、維持尿禁力的醫療用品、洗濯、護理人手

    • Often borne by the patients themselves or their families通常由病人或其家人支付

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  • Quality of Life Assessment in Incontinent Patients

    尿失禁病人的生活質素評估香

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  • Clinical Assessment of Urinary Incontinence尿失禁的臨床評估

    • Record of urinary symptoms紀錄小便症狀

    • Urinary diary小便日記

    • Physical examination身體檢查

    • Urodynamic investigations尿動力學檢查

    • Provide little information regarding the impact of urinary incontinence on the women’s lives不能提供對於尿失禁對生活影響的資料

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  • Inclusion of QoL Assessment包括生活質素評估

    • Standardisation Committee of the International Continence Society (Mattiasson et al 1996)

    國際理遺學會統一化委員會

    • Strongly suggest the inclusion of QoL data in clinical trials ofcontinence care

    大力倡議在理遺學臨床研究中包括生活質素的數據

    Mattiasson A, Djurhuus JC, Fantl A, Fonda D, Nordling J, Storer M. Standardisation of outcome studies in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction. Second draft report from the Standardisation Committee of the International Continence Society. International Continence Society Annual meeting; Athens, Greece; 1996.

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  • How Can QoL be Measured?如何去量度生活質素?

    • Ask the patient直接詢問病人

    • Patients complete self-reported questionnaires病人回答問卷

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  • QoL Instruments生活質素問卷

    • Many instruments / questionnaires are present有很多不同的生活質素問卷可供選擇

    • Generic as well as disease-specific有泛用問卷和疾病專用問卷

    • “Domains,” “dimensions,” or “sections,” which gather information focused on particular aspects of health每份問卷有不同的向度、構面、或部份;它們都是用來收集有關

    健康各方面的資料

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  • Typical QoL Instrument典型的生活質素問卷

    • No standard agreement沒有一定的格式

    • Most investigators agree that a number of domains should be included大部份研究者同意需要包括一定數目的向度

    • At least some items that focus upon physical, emotional, and socialfunctioning一定要包括有關身體、情緒、和社會機能等方面的項目

    • Multidimensional construct複維向度構念

    • 1 to 2 “global” questions as useful adjuncts, e.g. “how would you rate your overall QoL?”包含一至两條大體答題,如『您如何評價自己的總體生活質素?』

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  • Common Domains of QoL生活質素的常用向度

    • Physical function e.g. mobility, self-care, exercise身體機能

    • Emotional function e.g. depression, anxiety, worry情緒機能

    • Social function e.g. intimacy, social support, social contact, leisure activities社會機能

    • Role performance e.g. work, housework, shopping角色扮演

    • Pain身體疼痛

    • Sleep or nausea睡眠或惡心

    • Disease-specific symptoms疾病相關症狀

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  • Applications of QoL Measures生活質素問卷的應用

    • Screening and monitoring for psychosocial problems in individual patient care篩檢和監控病人的社會心理問題

    • Population surveys of perceived health problems疾病普查

    • Medical audit醫療審核

    • Outcome measures in health services or evaluation research醫療及衛生服務或評估性研究的結果評價

    • Clinical trials臨床試驗

    • Cost-utility analyses經濟學評價

    • An adjunct to clinical interview輔助臨床晤談

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  • Special Applications生活質素問卷的特別應用

    • QoL may be the main endpoint, e.g. outcome of continence surgery量度結果,如尿禁力手術的效果

    • Treatments equivalent in efficacy, e.g. tolterodine vs. oxybutynin比較性質相同的治療,如托特羅定與奧昔布寧

    • A new treatment may show a small benefit in cure rates but might be offset by QoL improvement, e.g. TVT vs. Burch colposuspension評估新治療方法,尤其是那些可以明顯改善生活質素的治療,如無張力尿道中段懸吊術

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  • Problems & Limitations生活質素問卷的問題與限制

    • Very young or very old patients極年輕或老年病人

    • Severely ill危重病人

    • Mental impairment精神不健全病人

    • Language differences語言分跂

    • Translation problems翻譯失真

    • Cultural differences文化差異

    • Lack of definitions that is universally understood by patients, e.g. fatigue某些症狀缺乏統一的定義,如疲乏

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    QoL Instruments生活質素問卷

  • QoL in Continence Research尿失禁的生活質素研究

    • General assessment of the problem of UI in the population (Robinson et al 1998, Temml et al 2000)

    在人口普查中評估尿失禁的影響

    • Assessment of special problems related to UI, e.g. surgical treatment (Clark & Romm 1993, Pang et al 2003)

    在專題研究中評估尿失禁的某一特殊關係,如手術治療

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  • QoL Instruments生活質素問卷

    • Generic QoL instruments泛用生活質素問卷

    • Disease-specific QoL instruments疾病專用生活質素問卷

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  • Generic QoL Instruments泛用生活質素問卷

    • Designed to measure functioning and wellbeing in a broad range of populations

    專為量度廣大群眾的功能與福祉

    • Reliable

    可靠

    • Not specific to a particular disease

    並不針對單一疾病

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  • Generic QoL Instruments泛用生活質素問卷

    • MHQ (Crown & Crisp 1966)

    • GHQ*§ (Goldberg 1972)

    • Nottingham Health Profile* (Hunt et al 1980)

    • Sickness Impact Profile (Bergner et al 1981)

    • SF-36*§ (Ware et al 1987)

    • WHOQOL§ (WHO 1993)

    • EuroQoL (EQ-5D, Brooks et al 1996)

    MHQ = Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire, GHQ = General Health Questionnaire, SF-36 = Short Form 36, WHOQOL = World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire

    § = Validated Chinese version available

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  • Generic QoL & Incontinence泛用生活質素問卷與女性尿失禁

    • Observational study using SF-36 generic QoL questionnaire

    利用SF-36普通生活質素問卷進行了一項觀察性研究

    • Hong Kong Chinese women with urinary incontinence

    香港尿失禁女性

    • Urodynamic Stress Incontinence (USI)(n=94) vs. Detrusor Overactivity (DO)(n=76)

    尿動力學應力性尿失禁(USI)(94例)對應逼尿肌過動(DO)(76例)

    Leung PHY, Pang MW, Yip SK. Effects of aging on generic SF-36 quality of life measurements in Hong Kong Chinese women with urinary incontinence. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand2003;82:275-9.

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  • Generic QoL & Incontinence泛用生活質素問卷與女性尿失禁

    • Ageing causes significant impairment in the physical functioning(p

  • Problems of Generic QoL泛用生活質素問卷的缺點

    – Not sensitive for evaluation of specific conditions or treatments, particularly in the elderly (Gjorp et al 1987, Kelleher et al 1997, Rogers et al 2001, Leung et al 2003, Pang et al 2003)

    對評估單一疾病或其治療的敏感度並不高,尤而老人為甚

    – “None adequately covered incontinent patients’ concerns” (Wagner et al 1996)

    不能全面地適應尿失禁患者的需要

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  • Disease-specific QoL疾病專用生活質素問卷

    • Urinary incontinence-specific尿失禁專用生活質素問卷

    • More applicable to the QoL issues that affect women with UI (Kelleher et al 1997)適用於評估尿失禁女性的生活質素

    • More accurate in the differentiation of the subtle differences within a defined population with UI (Ueberax et al 1995)能更準確地分辨尿失禁患者間的細微分別

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  • Incontinence-specific QoL Instruments尿失禁專用生活質素問卷

    • IIQ-26 (Wyman et al 1987)

    • SEAPI-QMM (Raz & Eriksen 1994)

    • IIQ-30 and UDI-19 (Shumaker et al 1994)

    • IIQ-7*§ and UDI-6*§ (Ueberax et al 1995, Leung et al 2003)

    • I-QOL-28 (Wagner et al 1996)

    • KHQ-21*§ (Kelleher et al 1997, Leung et al 2003)

    • PISQ-18 (Rogers et al 2001)

    IIQ = Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, SEAPI-QMM = Stress-related leakage / Empty ability / Anatomy / Protection / Inhibition / QoL / Mobility / Mental status, UDI = Urogenital Distress Inventory, I-QOL = Incontinence Quality of Life, KHQ = King’s Health Questionnaire, PISQ = Pelvic Organ Prolapse-Urinary Incontinence Sexual Function Questionnaire, § = Chinese validated version available

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  • QoL as Treatment Outcome Measure生活質素作為失禁治療的結果評價

    • Compare QoL scores before and after tension-free vaginal tape (TVT)比較TVT手術前後的生活質素

    • 45 patients with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI)四十五名尿動學應力性尿失禁患者

    – Generic QoL: GHQ-12

    泛用生活質素問卷

    – Incontinence-specific QoL: UDI-6, IIQ-7尿失禁專用生活質素問卷

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    Pang MW, chan LW, Yip SK. One-year urodynamic outcome and quality of life in patients with concomitant tension-free vaginal tape during pelvic floor reconstruction surgery for genitourinary prolapse and urodynamic stress incontinence. Int Urogynecol J 2003;14:256-60.

  • QoL as Treatment Outcome Measure生活質素作為失禁治療的結果評價

    • Compare QoL before and 1 year after TVT比較TVT手術前和手術後一年的生活質素

    • Significant improvement in incontinence-specific QoL尿失禁有關生活質素有顯著改善

    – UDI-6 score: 38.3±25.0 → 15.5±17.7 (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p

  • LUTS in Hong Kong Women香港女性下尿道症狀

    • Previous evidence had suggested:以往的研究認為:

    – Chinese women in Hong Kong “almost never”develop stress urinary incontinence

    香港的中國女性 “差不多沒有” 應力性尿失禁

    – Urinary symptoms in the Chinese female are "truly uncommon"

    中國女性尿道症狀不常見

    – Genital prolapse occurs, but is "exceedingly" uncommon

    雖然生殖器脱垂亦有發生,但十分罕見

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    * Zacharin RF. ‘A Chinese Anatomy’ – the pelvic supporting tissues of the Chinese and Occidental female compared and contrasted. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1977;17:1-11.

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    LUTS in Hong Kong Women Telephone Survey 香港女性下尿道症狀電話調查

    • Serial pan-territory telephone surveys were performed by CUHK in 1995 1, 2000 2-3, 2005 4

    香港中文大學婦產科學系在19951, 20002-3, 20054 進行了連續性全香港電話普查

    • The aim of these surveys was to study the trend of prevalence in female LUTS這項調查之目的是研究香港女性下尿道症狀的盛

    行率

    1 Brieger GM, Yip SK, Hin LY, Chung TKH. The prevalence of urinary dysfunction in Hong Kong Chinese women. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:1041-4.2 Yip SK, Chung TKH. Treatment-seeking behavior in Hong Kong Chinese women with urinary symptoms. Int Urogynecol J 2003;14:27-30.

    3 Pang MW, Leung HY, Chan LW, Yip SK. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among women in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2005;11:158-63.4 Wong T, Lau BYT, Mak HL, Pang MW, Cheon C, Yip SK. Changing prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence among Hong Kong Chinese women. Int Urogynecol J 2006; Mar 7;

    [Epub ahead of print].

  • Telephone Survey in Hong Kong香港電話調查

    • Hong Kong is a highly urbanised city with household fixed line penetration rate of 92%, & the highest mobile phone penetration rate in the world, at 127.4% (8.9 million mobile subscribers) 1

    香港是一個高度都市化的地區,每一百人就擁有92條住戶固定電話線;和全世最高的流動電話沁透率,達

    127.4%(八百九十萬流動電話服務用戶)

    • A telephone survey is able to reach the study population that is representative of the overall population of Hong Kong電話調查能夠接觸到代表香港的研究族群

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    1 Office of the Telecommunications Authority statistics (2006). Hong Kong.

  • Telephone Survey Methodology電話調查的研究方法

    • 3.65 million females living in Hong Kong 1

    香港有三百六十五萬名女性

    • Target population: Females older than 10 years of age篩檢對象:十歲以上的香港女性

    • Sample size calculation: Error of ±2.5% with a 95% confidence interval樣本數量計算:基於95%信賴區間的誤差不多於±2.5%

    • A computer programme randomly selected telephone numbers利用電腦隨機抽出電話號碼

    1 Census & Statistics Department (2006). Hong Kong.

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  • Telephone Survey Methodology電話調查的研究方法

    • Telephone Survey Research Laboratory, Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies (HKIAPS), CUHK香港中文大學 亞太研究所 電話調查研究室

    • All telephone interviews were conducted by trained research assistants由受過訓練的研究員進行所有電話調查

    • Each number was dialed 6 times at different time slots每個電話會在不同時段總共撥號六次

    9 am – 11 am

    11 am – 1 pm

    1 pm – 3 pm

    3 pm – 5 pm

    5 pm – 7 pm

    7 pm – 9 pm

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  • Telephone Survey Methodology電話調查的研究方法

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    • Incontinence-specific, validated Chinese questionnaires 1-2

    我們使用了與尿失禁相關,和已被驗証的中文問卷

    – King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ)

    – Urinary Distress Inventory Short Form (UDI-6)

    – Incontinence Impact Questionnaire Short Form (IIQ-7)

    1 Leung PHY, Yip SK, Lee DTS, Ho S, Chung TKH. Validity and reliability of the King's Health Questionnaire in a Chinese population. Proceedings of Internal Continence Society 32nd Annual Meeting. Heidelberg, Germany. 2002.

    2 Leung PHY, Pang MWS, Yip SK. Correlation of urodynamic diagnosis and quality of life measurements in Hong Kong Chinese women with urinary incontinence. Proceedings of the Second Scientific Meeting of Asian Society for Female Urology 2000, p52

  • Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI)應力性尿失禁

    05

    101520253035404550

    1995 2000 2005

    %香

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    21%

    33.9%

    40.7%

    1 Brieger GM, Yip SK, Hin LY, Chung TKH. The prevalence of urinary dysfunction in Hong Kong Chinese women. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:1041-4.2 Pang MW, Leung HY, Chan LW, Yip SK. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among women in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2005;11:158-63.

    3 Wong T, Lau BYT, Mak HL, Pang MW, Cheon C, Yip SK. Changing prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence among Hong Kong Chinese women. Int Urogynecol J 2006; Mar 7; [Epub ahead of print].

  • Urge Incontinence (UI)急迫性尿失禁

    05

    101520253035404550

    1995 2000 2005

    15% 15.5%

    20.1%

    %香

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    1 Brieger GM, Yip SK, Hin LY, Chung TKH. The prevalence of urinary dysfunction in Hong Kong Chinese women. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:1041-4.2 Pang MW, Leung HY, Chan LW, Yip SK. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among women in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2005;11:158-63.

    3 Wong T, Lau BYT, Mak HL, Pang MW, Cheon C, Yip SK. Changing prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence among Hong Kong Chinese women. Int Urogynecol J 2006; Mar 7; [Epub ahead of print].

  • 05

    101520253035404550

    1995 2000 2005

    19% 19.3%

    26.1%

    Urinary Frequency尿頻

    %香

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    1 Brieger GM, Yip SK, Hin LY, Chung TKH. The prevalence of urinary dysfunction in Hong Kong Chinese women. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:1041-4.2 Pang MW, Leung HY, Chan LW, Yip SK. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among women in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2005;11:158-63.

    3 Wong T, Lau BYT, Mak HL, Pang MW, Cheon C, Yip SK. Changing prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence among Hong Kong Chinese women. Int Urogynecol J 2006; Mar 7; [Epub ahead of print].

  • 05

    101520253035404550

    1995 2000 2005

    13%

    7.6%

    22.4%

    Voiding Difficulty排尿困難

    %香

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    1 Brieger GM, Yip SK, Hin LY, Chung TKH. The prevalence of urinary dysfunction in Hong Kong Chinese women. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:1041-4.2 Pang MW, Leung HY, Chan LW, Yip SK. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among women in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2005;11:158-63.

    3 Wong T, Lau BYT, Mak HL, Pang MW, Cheon C, Yip SK. Changing prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence among Hong Kong Chinese women. Int Urogynecol J 2006; Mar 7; [Epub ahead of print].

  • 05

    101520253035404550

    1995 2000 2005

    %

    SUI 應力性尿失禁

    Urinary Frequency 尿頻

    Voiding Difficulty 排尿困難

    UI 急迫性尿失禁

    LUTS in Hong Kong Women – Overall香港女性下尿道症狀–整体情況

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    1 Brieger GM, Yip SK, Hin LY, Chung TKH. The prevalence of urinary dysfunction in Hong Kong Chinese women. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:1041-4.2 Pang MW, Leung HY, Chan LW, Yip SK. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among women in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2005;11:158-63.

    3 Wong T, Lau BYT, Mak HL, Pang MW, Cheon C, Yip SK. Changing prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence among Hong Kong Chinese women. Int Urogynecol J 2006; Mar 7; [Epub ahead of print].

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    • 749 valid respondents (response rate 24.4%)

    749個有效回應(回應率24.4%)

    • Urinary symptoms were reported in 52% (95%CI 48.9-56%) of women

    52%報稱出現下尿道症狀(95%信賴區間48.9-56%)

    • 12% of women reported impaired QoL

    12%報稱生活質素降低

    • QoL domains most affected:

    最受影嚮的生活質素向度

    – Social 社交 (5.1%, 95%CI 2.8-7.4%)

    – Emotional 情緒 (5.6%, 95%CI 3.3-7.9%)

    QoL Results生活質素研究結果

    Pang MW, Leung HY, Chan LW, Yip SK. The impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among women in Hong Kong. H K Med J 2005;11:158-63.

  • Summary總結香港

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  • Summary總結

    • Urinary incontinence affects sufferers’ QoL

    尿失禁影嚮患者的生活質素

    • Incontinent Hong Kong women also have decreased QoL

    香港女性尿失禁患者的生活質素下降

    • Incontinence patients’ clinical assessment should include QoL

    尿失禁患者的臨床評估應包括生活質素

    • Generic QoL questionnaires may not be adequate

    泛生活質素問卷未必能夠全面評估尿失禁患者的生活質素

    • Incontinence-specific QoL questionnaires are available

    尿失禁專用生活質素問卷

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    Thank You! Q&A謝謝! 答問時間

    Quality of Life Issues in�Female Urinary IncontinenceOverview�大綱What Is Health?�甚麼是健康Health�健康Modern Medicine�現代醫學What Is QoL?�甚麼是生活質素QoL�生活質素The Burden of Incontinence�尿失禁所帶來的負擔Characteristics of Urinary Incontinence�尿失禁的特質Incontinence & QoL�尿失禁與生活質素Incontinence & QoL�尿失禁與生活質素Coital Incontinence�性交尿失禁Marital & Sexual Dysfunctions�婚姻失調與性失調Marital & Sexual Dysfunctions�婚姻失調與性失調Economic Consequences�尿失禁的經濟影嚮Quality of Life Assessment in Incontinent Patients�尿失禁病人的生活質素評估Clinical Assessment of Urinary Incontinence�尿失禁的臨床評估Inclusion of QoL Assessment�包括生活質素評估How Can QoL be Measured?�如何去量度生活質素?QoL Instruments�生活質素問卷Typical QoL Instrument�典型的生活質素問卷Common Domains of QoL�生活質素的常用向度Applications of QoL Measures�生活質素問卷的應用Special Applications�生活質素問卷的特別應用Problems & Limitations�生活質素問卷的問題與限制QoL in Continence Research�尿失禁的生活質素研究QoL Instruments�生活質素問卷Generic QoL Instruments�泛用生活質素問卷Generic QoL Instruments�泛用生活質素問卷Generic QoL & Incontinence�泛用生活質素問卷與女性尿失禁Generic QoL & Incontinence�泛用生活質素問卷與女性尿失禁Problems of Generic QoL�泛用生活質素問卷的缺點Disease-specific QoL�疾病專用生活質素問卷Incontinence-specific QoL Instruments�尿失禁專用生活質素問卷QoL as Treatment Outcome Measure�生活質素作為失禁治療的結果評價QoL as Treatment Outcome Measure�生活質素作為失禁治療的結果評價LUTS in Hong Kong Women�香港女性下尿道症狀LUTS in Hong Kong Women Telephone Survey �香港女性下尿道症狀電話調查QoL Results�生活質素研究結果Summary�總結