QS57. Who are Our Residents and How do They Learn?: Characterization of Learning Styles and Personal...
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times to randomly selected schools to evaluate changes in knowl- edge, behaviors, and attitudes. The intervention school received the pre-test, the program, and the post-test at two and six months post intervention. The control school was surveyed at the same intervals and received the intervention during the second semes- ter, two months prior to receipt of the final post-test. Program material is available online (http://spots.wustl.edu, http:// dermatology.slu.edu/spots) to facilitate dissemination of SPOTS. Results: In its pilot year, 36 medical and public health students taught the program to 1,949 teenagers at seven schools; 1,823 questionnaires were collected. Data from the surveys are being analyzed for change in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, sea- sonal variation in response, and gender differences. Informal feed- back about the program received from the medical students and Rockwood health teachers was overwhelmingly positive. This feedback and the survey data are being used to revise the program and surveys for the coming year. Conclusions: The SPOTS pro- gram provides a unique opportunity for surgeons, dermatologists, and medical students to collaborate to increase awareness of a major public health problem. It allows the surgical community to play a role in both the treatment and prevention of skin cancer and has been useful in increasing medical student interest in the field of general surgery. The surveys completed by secondary school students permit us to assess changes in knowledge, atti- tudes, and reported behaviors as well as knowledge retention over 6 months. The results of this study could provide the basis of a larger randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of this public-school education on promoting teenagers’ use of sun- protective behaviors to prevent skin cancer. We are seeking col- laborators to create a national/international SPOTS network. QS56. SURGICAL RESIDENT RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY OVER 16 YEARS. Steven Elliott, Eugene S. Lee; UC Davis, Sacramento, CA Purpose: General surgery training has changed over the past decade due to an increasing emphasis on the 80-hour work week and increasing demands on the surgery faculty to generate clinical revenue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgery resi- dent productivity over the years and the surgery resident’s con- tribution to clinical and basic research literature. Method: A PubMed literature search of all graduating chief residents (n 95) over a 16 year period from a single university based general surgery program were evaluated. Number and types of publica- tions (clinical paper versus basic science paper) were analyzed for each resident. A cohort of residents graduating from the years 1990-1996 (N42) were deemed the early group and a cohort of residents graduating from the years 1999-2005 (N41) were deemed the late group. Residents graduating in the class years, 1997 and 1998 were deemed the washout group. Results: From 1990-2005, there were 95 graduates with 203 published articles. Resident research time ranged from 0 to 2 years, with most residents spending one year of research time. In the early group, residents averaged 2.0 0.4 papers as opposed to the late group where each resident published 2.6 0.5 papers (PNS). In the early group 32.8% of the papers were basic science in nature as opposed to the late group where 27.7% of the papers were with a basic science topic (PNS, Chi-squared analysis). See Table. Con- clusions: Resident research productivity at a single university based program with an elective 1-2 year research time does not appear to be deteriorating over time. A majority of research per- formed by residents is clinically oriented, however basic science research does not appear to be decreasing. Careful scrutiny to resident research productivity is needed to ensure productive academic surgeons in the future. TABLE Resident Productivity N Total papers Clinical papers Basic Science papers Papers per resident Clinical papers per resident Basic science papers per resident Early: 1990- 1996 42 85 64 21 2.00.4 2.1 0.9 Late: 1999- 2005 41 108 78 30 2.60.5 1.9 0.7 P-Value - - - - NS NS NS QS57. WHO ARE OUR RESIDENTS AND HOW DO THEY LEARN?: CHARACTERIZATION OF LEARNING STYLES AND PERSONAL PROFILES. C. Daniel Smith 1 , Timothy Farrell 2 , Robert H. Bower 3 ; 1 Mayo School of Medi- cine and Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; 2 University of Norrth Caro- lina, Chapel Hill, NC; 3 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH Background: Technological advances are rapidly being applied to medical education. Virtual reality has been proposed as a proxy for traditional teaching modalities, especially in the field of surgery. However, technology-based educational tools require validation be- fore implementation, and must anticipate the needs of the trainees for whom they are intended. We therefore analyzed personality traits and behavioral tendencies related to acquisition of knowledge and skills in a general surgery training program, to better focus future application of educational technologies to the needs and learn- ing styles of surgical residents. Methods: All categorical general surgery residents (N41) in a University-based training program completed the Personal Profile System (Carlson Learning Company) to assess behavioral tendencies and behavior patterns, and the Learning Style Inventory (McBer & Company) to assess learning preferences and learning styles. Both are previously validated surveys. Results: The Personal Profile System found the predomi- nant behavioral tendencies were Dominance (39%) and Conscien- tiousness (37%), and the leading behavioral pattern was Creative (39%). The Learning Style Inventory identified the typical learning preferences as Abstract Conceptualization (43%) and Active Exper- imentation (38%), and the most common learning style as Converger (57%). Conclusion: The behavior tendencies Dominance and Con- scientiousness are associated with a preference for immediate, self- directed, focused behavior. The behavior pattern Creative suggests a desire for tangible results balanced by a drive for perfection. The learning preferences Abstract Conceptualization and Active Experi- mentation are associated with thinking and doing. The learning style Converger implies an inclination for practical, goal-directed learn- ing. These data support development of hands-on teaching modules. GASTROINTESTINAL IV: SMALL BOWEL AND COLON QS58. IS THE INCIDENCE OF APPENDICITIS CHANGING IN THE UNITED STATES? Breena R. Taira, Henry C. Thode, Jr., Adam J. Singer; Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY Study Objectives: Several recent reports have suggested a decrease in the incidence of appendicitis in recent years. Using the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), we describe the national trends for appendicitis presenting to Emergency Departments (ED) and use of imaging in the diagnosis of appendicitis in the United States over the last decade. Methods: A retrospective study of NHAMCS databases, a national sampling of ED visits compiled and maintain by the Center for Disease Control, for the years 1996 through 292 ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC SURGERY AND SOCIETY OF UNIVERSITY SURGEONS—ABSTRACTS
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Transcript of QS57. Who are Our Residents and How do They Learn?: Characterization of Learning Styles and Personal...
times to randomly selected schools to evaluate changes in knowl-edge, behaviors, and attitudes. The intervention school receivedthe pre-test, the program, and the post-test at two and six monthspost intervention. The control school was surveyed at the sameintervals and received the intervention during the second semes-ter, two months prior to receipt of the final post-test. Programmaterial is available online (http://spots.wustl.edu, http://dermatology.slu.edu/spots) to facilitate dissemination of SPOTS.Results: In its pilot year, 36 medical and public health studentstaught the program to 1,949 teenagers at seven schools; 1,823questionnaires were collected. Data from the surveys are beinganalyzed for change in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, sea-sonal variation in response, and gender differences. Informal feed-back about the program received from the medical students andRockwood health teachers was overwhelmingly positive. Thisfeedback and the survey data are being used to revise the programand surveys for the coming year. Conclusions: The SPOTS pro-gram provides a unique opportunity for surgeons, dermatologists,and medical students to collaborate to increase awareness of amajor public health problem. It allows the surgical community toplay a role in both the treatment and prevention of skin cancerand has been useful in increasing medical student interest in thefield of general surgery. The surveys completed by secondaryschool students permit us to assess changes in knowledge, atti-tudes, and reported behaviors as well as knowledge retention over6 months. The results of this study could provide the basis of alarger randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of thispublic-school education on promoting teenagers’ use of sun-protective behaviors to prevent skin cancer. We are seeking col-laborators to create a national/international SPOTS network.
QS56. SURGICAL RESIDENT RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITYOVER 16 YEARS. Steven Elliott, Eugene S. Lee; UC Davis,Sacramento, CA
Purpose: General surgery training has changed over the pastdecade due to an increasing emphasis on the 80-hour work weekand increasing demands on the surgery faculty to generate clinicalrevenue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgery resi-dent productivity over the years and the surgery resident’s con-tribution to clinical and basic research literature. Method: APubMed literature search of all graduating chief residents (n �95) over a 16 year period from a single university based generalsurgery program were evaluated. Number and types of publica-tions (clinical paper versus basic science paper) were analyzed foreach resident. A cohort of residents graduating from the years1990-1996 (N�42) were deemed the early group and a cohort ofresidents graduating from the years 1999-2005 (N�41) weredeemed the late group. Residents graduating in the class years,1997 and 1998 were deemed the washout group. Results: From1990-2005, there were 95 graduates with 203 published articles.Resident research time ranged from 0 to 2 years, with mostresidents spending one year of research time. In the early group,residents averaged 2.0 � 0.4 papers as opposed to the late groupwhere each resident published 2.6 � 0.5 papers (P�NS). In theearly group 32.8% of the papers were basic science in nature asopposed to the late group where 27.7% of the papers were with abasic science topic (P�NS, Chi-squared analysis). See Table. Con-clusions: Resident research productivity at a single universitybased program with an elective 1-2 year research time does notappear to be deteriorating over time. A majority of research per-formed by residents is clinically oriented, however basic scienceresearch does not appear to be decreasing. Careful scrutiny toresident research productivity is needed to ensure productiveacademic surgeons in the future.
TABLE
Resident Productivity
NTotal
papersClinicalpapers
BasicSciencepapers
Papersper
resident
Clinicalpapers
perresident
Basicsciencepapers
perresident
Early: 1990-1996
42 85 64 21 2.00.4 2.1 0.9
Late: 1999-2005
41 108 78 30 2.60.5 1.9 0.7
P-Value - - - - NS NS NS
QS57. WHO ARE OUR RESIDENTS AND HOW DO THEYLEARN?: CHARACTERIZATION OF LEARNINGSTYLES AND PERSONAL PROFILES. C. Daniel Smith1,Timothy Farrell2, Robert H. Bower3; 1Mayo School of Medi-cine and Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; 2University of Norrth Caro-lina, Chapel Hill, NC; 3University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
Background: Technological advances are rapidly being applied tomedical education. Virtual reality has been proposed as a proxy fortraditional teaching modalities, especially in the field of surgery.However, technology-based educational tools require validation be-fore implementation, and must anticipate the needs of the traineesfor whom they are intended. We therefore analyzed personalitytraits and behavioral tendencies related to acquisition of knowledgeand skills in a general surgery training program, to better focusfuture application of educational technologies to the needs and learn-ing styles of surgical residents. Methods: All categorical generalsurgery residents (N�41) in a University-based training programcompleted the Personal Profile System (Carlson Learning Company)to assess behavioral tendencies and behavior patterns, and theLearning Style Inventory (McBer & Company) to assess learningpreferences and learning styles. Both are previously validatedsurveys. Results: The Personal Profile System found the predomi-nant behavioral tendencies were Dominance (39%) and Conscien-tiousness (37%), and the leading behavioral pattern was Creative(39%). The Learning Style Inventory identified the typical learningpreferences as Abstract Conceptualization (43%) and Active Exper-imentation (38%), and the most common learning style as Converger(57%). Conclusion: The behavior tendencies Dominance and Con-scientiousness are associated with a preference for immediate, self-directed, focused behavior. The behavior pattern Creative suggests adesire for tangible results balanced by a drive for perfection. Thelearning preferences Abstract Conceptualization and Active Experi-mentation are associated with thinking and doing. The learning styleConverger implies an inclination for practical, goal-directed learn-ing. These data support development of hands-on teaching modules.
GASTROINTESTINAL IV: SMALL BOWEL ANDCOLON
QS58. IS THE INCIDENCE OF APPENDICITIS CHANGINGIN THE UNITED STATES? Breena R. Taira, Henry C.Thode, Jr., Adam J. Singer; Stony Brook University MedicalCenter, Stony Brook, NY
Study Objectives: Several recent reports have suggested a decreasein the incidence of appendicitis in recent years. Using the NationalHospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), we describe thenational trends for appendicitis presenting to Emergency Departments(ED) and use of imaging in the diagnosis of appendicitis in the UnitedStates over the last decade. Methods: A retrospective study ofNHAMCS databases, a national sampling of ED visits compiled andmaintain by the Center for Disease Control, for the years 1996 through
292 ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC SURGERY AND SOCIETY OF UNIVERSITY SURGEONS—ABSTRACTS
