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Purposes of the YRBSS Focus the nation on behaviors among youth causing the most important health...
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Purposes of the YRBSSPurposes of the YRBSS
Focus the nation on behaviors among youth causing the most important health problems• Violence• Alcohol and other drug use• Behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries • Sexual behaviors• Tobacco use • Unhealthy dietary behaviors• Inadequate physical activity
Assess how risk behaviors change over time Provide comparable data for the Nation, states,
and large urban school districts
Focus the nation on behaviors among youth causing the most important health problems• Violence• Alcohol and other drug use• Behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries • Sexual behaviors• Tobacco use • Unhealthy dietary behaviors• Inadequate physical activity
Assess how risk behaviors change over time Provide comparable data for the Nation, states,
and large urban school districts
Characteristics of the National, State, and Local School-Based YRBS
Characteristics of the National, State, and Local School-Based YRBS
9th – 12th grade students Probability samples of schools and students Anonymous Self-administered, computer-scannable
questionnaire or answer sheet Completed in one class period (45 minutes) Conducted biennially usually during the spring
9th – 12th grade students Probability samples of schools and students Anonymous Self-administered, computer-scannable
questionnaire or answer sheet Completed in one class period (45 minutes) Conducted biennially usually during the spring
2005 National YRBS2005 National YRBS
National probability sample of public and private schools
Total sample size = 13,917
School-level response rate = 78%
Student-level response rate = 86%
Overall response rate = 67%
National probability sample of public and private schools
Total sample size = 13,917
School-level response rate = 78%
Student-level response rate = 86%
Overall response rate = 67%
State and Local YRBS Participation1991 – 2005
State and Local YRBS Participation1991 – 2005
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
Number of states (excluding DC) 26 40 39 38 41 37 43 44
Number of territories 2 2 5 5 4 7 5 4
Number of cities (including DC) 11 14 17 17 17 19 22 23
Total number of sites 38 56 61 60 62 63 70 71
Number and percent of weighted sites
N=17
45%
N=33
59%
N=37
61%
N=43
72%
N=38
61%
N=38
60%
N=56
80%
N=64
90%
Policy and Program Applications Policy and Program Applications
Describe risk behaviors
Create awareness
Set program goals
Develop programs and policies
Support health-related legislation
Seek funding
Describe risk behaviors
Create awareness
Set program goals
Develop programs and policies
Support health-related legislation
Seek funding
YRBS Measures Related to ViolenceYRBS Measures Related to Violence
*Carried a weapon; carried a gun In a physical fight; injured in a physical fight ON SCHOOL PROPERTY
• *Carried a weapon• *In a physical fight• *Threatened or injured with a weapon • Had property stolen or damaged
Did not go to school because of safety concerns Dating violence; forced to have sexual intercourse
*Carried a weapon; carried a gun In a physical fight; injured in a physical fight ON SCHOOL PROPERTY
• *Carried a weapon• *In a physical fight• *Threatened or injured with a weapon • Had property stolen or damaged
Did not go to school because of safety concerns Dating violence; forced to have sexual intercourse
YRBS Measures Related to SuicideYRBS Measures Related to Suicide
Seriously considered suicide
Made a suicide plan
Attempted suicide
Suicide attempt treated by a doctor or nurse
Seriously considered suicide
Made a suicide plan
Attempted suicide
Suicide attempt treated by a doctor or nurse
YRBS Measures Related to Alcohol and Other Drug Use (1)
YRBS Measures Related to Alcohol and Other Drug Use (1)
Lifetime and current use of• *Alcohol• *Marijuana• Cocaine
Lifetime and current use of• *Alcohol• *Marijuana• Cocaine
Lifetime use of:• Illegal injection drugs• Inhalants• Illegal steroids• Hallucinogens• Heroin• Methamphetamine• Ecstasy
Lifetime use of:• Illegal injection drugs• Inhalants• Illegal steroids• Hallucinogens• Heroin• Methamphetamine• Ecstasy
YRBS Measures Related to Alcohol and Other Drug Use (2)
YRBS Measures Related to Alcohol and Other Drug Use (2)
Episodic heavy drinking ON SCHOOL PROPERTY
• *Drank alcohol• *Used marijuana• *Offered, sold, or given an illegal drug
BEFORE AGE 13• Drank alcohol• Tried marijuana
Episodic heavy drinking ON SCHOOL PROPERTY
• *Drank alcohol• *Used marijuana• *Offered, sold, or given an illegal drug
BEFORE AGE 13• Drank alcohol• Tried marijuana
Sample Optional Measures Related to Violence and Drug Use
Sample Optional Measures Related to Violence and Drug Use
ON SCHOOL PROPERTY• Carried a gun• Harassed or bullied• Hit, punched, or kicked
Cut or burn yourself on purpose Threatened or injured as a result of gang activity Use of painkillers, prescription drugs w/o doctor’s
prescription, over-the-counter drugs to get high Attended school under influence of alcohol or other illegal
drugs
ON SCHOOL PROPERTY• Carried a gun• Harassed or bullied• Hit, punched, or kicked
Cut or burn yourself on purpose Threatened or injured as a result of gang activity Use of painkillers, prescription drugs w/o doctor’s
prescription, over-the-counter drugs to get high Attended school under influence of alcohol or other illegal
drugs
Sample Optional Measures Relatedto Protective Factors
Sample Optional Measures Relatedto Protective Factors
How often do parents:• Talk to you about what you are doing at school?• Ask where you are going or with whom you will be?
Do you eat meals with family? Is there a teacher or other adult in school you can
talk to? Do you feel safe and secure at school? Do you feel like you belong at this school? Is harassment and bullying a problem at school?
How often do parents:• Talk to you about what you are doing at school?• Ask where you are going or with whom you will be?
Do you eat meals with family? Is there a teacher or other adult in school you can
talk to? Do you feel safe and secure at school? Do you feel like you belong at this school? Is harassment and bullying a problem at school?
Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School Property,*
by Sex** and Race/Ethnicity,*** 2005
Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School Property,*
by Sex** and Race/Ethnicity,*** 2005
*One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey; ** M > F; *** B, H > WSource: CDC, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2005
18.211.6
16.9 18.3
8.813.6
0
25
50
75
100
Total Female Male White Black Hispanic
Perc
ent
Percentage of High School Students Who Were ina Physical Fight on School Property,* 1993 – 2005Percentage of High School Students Who Were ina Physical Fight on School Property,* 1993 – 2005
* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey; 1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic change, P < .05Source: CDC, National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1993 – 2005
16.2 15.5 14.8 14.212.5 12.8
13.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
Perc
ent
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School
Property,* Across 40 States and 21 Cities, 2005
Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School
Property,* Across 40 States and 21 Cities, 2005
*One or more times during the 12 months preceding the surveySource: State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2005
8.410.4
11.4
14.715.6
22.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
States Cities
Perc
ent
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug by
Someone on School Property,* by Selected States
Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug by
Someone on School Property,* by Selected States
39
20
34 33
18
26
17
0
25
50
75
100
Median Arizona Kansas Kentucky Maine New Jersey Oklahoma
Perc
ent
*During the 12 months preceding the surveySource: State Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2005
Percentage of High School Students Who DidNot Go to School Because of Safety Concerns,*
by Selected Large Urban School Districts
Percentage of High School Students Who DidNot Go to School Because of Safety Concerns,*
by Selected Large Urban School Districts
813
7
2016
89
0
25
50
75
100
Median Boston Dallas Los Angeles Miami-Dade New Orleans San Bernadino
Perc
ent
*On >1 of the 30 days preceding the surveySource: Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2005
Sample YRBS Articles Related to Violence and Substance Use
Sample YRBS Articles Related to Violence and Substance Use
Violence-related behaviors among high school students—United States, 1991-2003
Substance use on school property among students attending alternative high schools in the United States
Effect of the incident at Columbine on students’ violence- and suicide-related behaviors
Sexual activity and substance use among adolescents by category of physical activity plus team sports participation
Violence-related behaviors among high school students—United States, 1991-2003
Substance use on school property among students attending alternative high schools in the United States
Effect of the incident at Columbine on students’ violence- and suicide-related behaviors
Sexual activity and substance use among adolescents by category of physical activity plus team sports participation
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System Components
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System Components
National, state and local school-based YRBS National household-based YRBS National college YRBS National alternative high school YRBS Steps YRBS Special population YRBS Psychometric studies
National, state and local school-based YRBS National household-based YRBS National college YRBS National alternative high school YRBS Steps YRBS Special population YRBS Psychometric studies
School Health ProfilesSchool Health Profiles
www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/profiles
School Health Profiles - MethodsSchool Health Profiles - Methods
Conducted by state and local education and health agencies
Conducted biennially during the spring
Systematic equal-probability sample of secondary schools
Questionnaires mailed to principal and lead health education teacher
Conducted by state and local education and health agencies
Conducted biennially during the spring
Systematic equal-probability sample of secondary schools
Questionnaires mailed to principal and lead health education teacher
State and Local Participation in School Health Profiles, 1998 – 2006
State and Local Participation in School Health Profiles, 1998 – 2006
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Number of states (excluding DC) 38 38 43 41 44
Number of cities (including DC) 10 13 14 13 16
Total number of sites 48 51 57 54 60
Percent of sites with generalizable data
77% 75% 77% 70% 80%
School Health Profiles 2006 – Sample TopicsSchool Health Profiles 2006 – Sample Topics
Health education topics, materials, policies, and teaching methods
Health-related staff development and professional preparation
Education and policies related to:• HIV prevention• Tobacco-use prevention • Nutrition• Physical activity
Policies related to physical education and nutrition service Asthma management activities
Health education topics, materials, policies, and teaching methods
Health-related staff development and professional preparation
Education and policies related to:• HIV prevention• Tobacco-use prevention • Nutrition• Physical activity
Policies related to physical education and nutrition service Asthma management activities
Sample School Health Profiles Measures Related to Violence Prevention
Sample School Health Profiles Measures Related to Violence Prevention
Closed campus Use of staff or adult volunteers to monitor hallways Routine bag, desk, or locker checks Require school uniforms, ID badges Use metal detectors Employ police or security guards during regular
school day Implement peer mediation program
Closed campus Use of staff or adult volunteers to monitor hallways Routine bag, desk, or locker checks Require school uniforms, ID badges Use metal detectors Employ police or security guards during regular
school day Implement peer mediation program
Percentage of Secondary Schools That Provided a Full-Time Registered Nurse All Day, Every Day by Selected Large Urban School Districts, 2004
Percentage of Secondary Schools That Provided a Full-Time Registered Nurse All Day, Every Day by Selected Large Urban School Districts, 2004
Source: CDC, School Health Profiles, 2004
11
93
916
83 8680
56
0
25
50
75
100
Median Chicago Dallas Los Angeles Memphis Miami Philadelphia San Diego
Perc
ent
Percentage of Secondary Schools in Which Students Could Buy Chocolate Candy,* by Selected States, 2004Percentage of Secondary Schools in Which Students
Could Buy Chocolate Candy,* by Selected States, 2004
36 35
55
8993
7265 67
0
25
50
75
100
Median Delaware Iowa NewHampshire
North Carolina Oklahoma Utah Washington
Perc
ent
*Among schools that allowed students to purchase snack foods or beverages from vending machines or at the school store, canteen, or snack barSource: CDC, School Health Profiles, 2004