PSYA4 Addictive Behaviour

Pub Quiz 2

Models of Prevention and Types of Interventions

Round 1

What does TRA stand for? 1

Who first described the TRA? 1 Which factors is intention a function of?

2 What is alcohol myopia? How might it affect

a person’s ability to give up an addiction?2

How is the TRA culture biased?1

Round 2

What does TPB stand for? 1 How is the TPB different to the TRA? 1 What research evidence is there that the

TPB is better than the TRA? 1 Why are the TRA and TPB criticised for

being too rational? 1 What type of research did Armitage and

Conner do and what did they find? 2

Round 3

Name 2 Biological interventions. 2 How does methadone work? 1 How does naltrexone reduce the urge to

gamble? 1 Give one limitation of Hollander’s research

using SSRIs. 1 Give one problem with methadone

treatment. 1

Round 4

Name 2 psychological interventions. 2 What did Sindelar find when he rewarded those

on methadone treatment with money rewards?1

Give one limitation of giving rewards. 1 How does CBT help addicts? 1 What does intervention bias mean in terms of

addiction? 1

Round 5

Name 2 Public Health Interventions. 2 What was the primary objective of the smoking

ban in 2007? 1 Name the 4 conditions in the NIDA study. Which

condition proved most effective? 5 What did West find in 2009 to suggests the

smoking ban was less effective than expected?1

What did Beckham et al find in 2008? 1

Answers - Round 1 What does TRA stand for? 1 Theory of reasoned action Who first described the TRA? 1 Ajzen and Fishbein, 1975 Which factors is intention a function of? 2 Personal (behavioural attitude) and Social (subjective norms) What is alcohol myopia? How might it affect a person’s ability to

give up an addiction? 2 Alcohol decreasing cognitive capacity Might be under influence of alcohol or drugs so does not carry out

intended behaviour i.e giving up How is the TRA culture biased? 1 Developed in USA an individualistic culture. Different results in

Japan and China

Answers Round 2

What does TPB stand for? 1 Theory of Planned Behaviour How is the TPB different to the TRA? 1 Also includes Perceived behavioural control – how well the individual

thinks they will be able to perform the behaviour What research evidence is there that the TPB is better than the TRA?

1 Armitage and Conner 2001 – 6% more intention Why are the TRA and TPB criticised for being too rational? 1 Don’t take emotions, compulsions or other irrational determinants of

behaviour into account What type of research did Armitage and Conner do and what did they

find? 2 Meta analysis. Successful in predicting intyention to change rather than

actual behavioural change,

Answers - Round 3

Name 2 Biological interventions. 2 Methadone, naltrexone, SSRIs How does methadone work? 1 Mimics effects of heroine but less addictive How does naltrexone reduce the urge to gamble? 1 Reduces rewarding and reinforcing properties of gambling

behaviour Give one limitation of Hollander’s research using SSRIs. 1 Small sample size, short duration Give one problem with methadone treatment. 1 Can become addicted to it, black market, 300 deaths in UK

in 2007

Answers - Round 4

Name 2 psychological interventions. 2 Reinforcement, CBT What did Sindelar find when he rewarded those on methadone

treatment with money rewards?1 Drug use dropped dramatically

Give one limitation of giving rewards. 1 Do not address problem that caused the addiction How does CBT help addicts? 1 Help people change the way they think about their addictive

behaviours What does intervention bias mean in terms of addiction?1 Only see addict when condition well advanced so think it is difficult to

treat. Screening would alleviate this.

Answers - Round 5

Name 2 Public Health Interventions. 2 NIDA, Quitline, Smokefree, Drink Aware, Gambling Aware, FRANK What was the primary objective of the smoking ban in 2007? 1 Protect workers from second-hand smoke

Name the 4 conditions in the NIDA study. Which condition proved most effective? 5

1. Group drug counselling (GDC)alone, 2. GDC and CBT, 3. GDC and supportive/expressive psychotherapy, 4. Individual drug counselling and GDC. Condition 4

What did West find in 2009 to suggest the smoking ban was less effective than expected? 1

Rebound effect after the ban – more gave up before the ban. What did Beckham et al find in 2008? 1 More likely to quit with a combination of counselling and medication