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PROTRACTED RELIEF AND RECOVERY OPERATION (PRRO) SENEGAL 106120 BUDGET REVISION No. 6

POST-CONFLICT REHABILITATION IN THE CASAMANCE NATURELLE AND

TARGETED FOOD ASSISTANCE TO VULNERABLE POPULATIONS AFFECTED BY POOR HARVESTS AND HIGH FOOD PRICES IN SENEGAL

Cost (United States dollars) Present budget Increase Revised budget

Food cost 19,389,7901 6,290,8502 25,680,640 External transport 3,313,100 1,343,786 4,656,886 LTSH 5,510,947 2,423,202 7,934,149 ODOC 2,808,024 858,945 3,666,969 DSC 5,292,938 2,611,353 7,904,291 ISC (7 percent) 2,542,036 946,969 3,489,005

Total cost to WFP 38,856,835 14,475,105 53,331,940

NATURE OF THE INCREASE 1. A budget increase is proposed to PRRO 106120 in order to provide assistance to 1,100,000

needy beneficiaries in rural and peri-urban areas of Senegal from June to December 2010, comprising:

• An additional 15,227 mt of food commodities valued at US$ 4,377,3703;• An increased cash voucher budget to ensure coverage of additional beneficiaries

under this component; • Additional associated costs: external transport US$ 1,343,786 landside transport,

storage and handling (LTSH) US$ 2,423,202; direct support costs (DSC) US$ 2,611,353; other direct operational costs (ODOC) US$ 858,945 and indirect support costs (ISC) US$ 946,969.

2. This budget revision follows technical Budget Revision No. 4, which extended the project in

time to 31 December 2010, and the previous Budget Revision No. 2+3. Budget Revision 2+3 significantly re-oriented the original strategy of the PRRO 106120 and expanded activities beyond the Casamance region in response to the effects of the high food prices crisis of 2008, in close concert with the United Nations Country Team.

1 Includes US$ 2,100,004 cash in lieu of food (cash transfer programme). 2 Includes US$ 1,913,480 cash in lieu of food (cash transfer programme). 3 Net food cost, including de-earmarking of 790 mt of blended food valued at US$ 592,500.

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3. The modalities of project implementation and food rations remain unchanged. However, the operation’s objectives are revised to ensure alignment with WFP’s new Strategic Plan (2008-2013), in particular, WFP Strategic Objectives (SO)4 1, SO2 and SO3.

JUSTIFICATION FOR BUDGET INCREASE Background

4. With a population of approximately 11.7 million, Senegal is classified as low income and a food deficit country. The country is ranked 166th out of 182 countries on the 2009 Human Development Index (HDI). This is a dramatic drop of 13 positions since the 2006 HDI publication and the biggest regression of any country in the region.

5. Senegal imports approximately half of its cereals needs. The reasons for this production deficit are structural but have been exacerbated by rainfall deficits in 3 of the last 5 years and floods in parts of the country. The factors affecting production include a lack of agricultural inputs (seeds, fertilizers, etc.) linked to increased rural poverty levels, problems of land ownership and access, and delays in the implementation of the agro-sylvo-pastoral law (LOASP - Loi d’Orientation Agro-Sylvo-Pastorale).

6. Following two consecutive below average crop seasons in 2006/2007 and 2007/2008, the

current year's production has improved and increased availability of staple foods has helped stabilize prices in Senegal. Although prices for most cereals have returned to levels close to the 5-year average, populations continue to face difficulties as production has been poor in some agro-pastoral areas due to adverse weather conditions, such as flooding and/or uneven geographical rainfall.

7. In 2010, the food security situation in Senegal will remain precarious. In addition to

unstable climatic conditions affecting production, continued reductions in transfer payments from abroad5 and the prolonged effects of the economic crisis on household incomes are expected to make food access difficult.

Summary of existing project activities

8. The overall objective of PRRO 106120 is to contribute to peace and stability in the Casamance regions during the post-conflict period and support recovery from local and global shocks in the country as a whole. The PRRO supports longer-term recovery, the protection and the strengthening of livelihoods and the restoration of self-reliance among food-insecure and/or conflict-affected populations.

9. PRRO 106120 covers 13 out of the country’s 14 regions through food for assets (FFA) and

cereal banks (CB), food for training (FFT), returnee packages, school meals as a safety net, blanket and targeted supplementary feeding and food for nutrition awareness (FFNA). It

4 WFP Strategic Objective 1 (save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies); WFP Startegic Objective 2 (prevent acute hunger and invest in disaster preparedness and mitigation measures), and WFP Strategic Objective 3 (restore and rebuild lives and livelihoods in post-conflict, post-disaster or transition situations). 5 Remittances from abroad have decreased by 46 billion francs CFA in 2009 compared to the previous year. Source: http://www.seneweb.com/news/elections2007/article.php?artid=27330

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also covers the peri-urban area of Dakar through the distribution of cash vouchers to 10,000 food insecure households. In 2009, PRRO 106120 assisted 1.5 million beneficiaries with over 12,600 mt of food, in line with WFP Strategic Objectives 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

10. In addition to the PRRO, Country Programme Senegal 104510 assisted 192,397 beneficiaries in 2009 through support to the prevention of malnutrition, education and early childhood development and the prevention of food crises.

11. Additional WFP-supported projects include Support to Salt Iodization (TDQI-18880), Strengthening of the National Early Warning System (EWS) and a bilateral project for the support of rice production (BIL 104160).

Conclusions and recommendations of the re-assessment.

12. In addition to studies carried out to inform the development of this PRRO, a number of supplementary studies have been carried out that confirm the need for continued assistance in 2010 under a budget revision to the PRRO6. However, the Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Assessment (CFSVA) planned for June 2009 has been delayed with household data collection still on-going, while the early warning system (EWS) in Senegal is being enhanced to provide consolidated information on food insecurity.

13. Results from the Emergency Food Security Assessment (EFSA)7 of November 2008

following the high food prices crisis indicated that among rural households approximately 2.5 million people (42 percent of rural households) in Senegal were food insecure, 20.6 percent of whom were severely food insecure. These populations are located mainly in Casamance (regions of Ziguinchor, Kolda and Sédhiou) and in the regions of Fatick, Kaffrine, Tamba, Kédougou, Matam and Kaolack and include rural and urban households affected to different degrees by floods, droughts, physical insecurity and a lack of access to food.

14. A Cross Border Trade and Food Security study8 carried out in March 2010 and other studies

have highlighted the impact of the global economic crisis on vulnerable populations, with the groundnut basin and Casamance being among the areas most vulnerable to increased food insecurity. These areas subsist on the groundnut and cashew trades, which have close links to the international market. The terms of trade for groundnuts/rice were found to have worsened for Kaolack’s farmers compared to the 4-year average9. In Louga, the terms of trade for cow pea/imported rice also deteriorated by 30 percent over the same time period, affecting the most vulnerable cow pea producers. A high prevalence of food insecurity was also observed in the fragile agro-economic areas of the upper Senegal River valley and in the Mauritanian Aftout10 which are inland areas poorly served by markets, and where incomes are highly dependent on remittances from abroad.

6 These studies include the “Impact of High Food Prices on food security in urban areas” carried out by WFP, UNICEF, FAO and the GoS in November 2008. 7 Source: EFSA 2008 conducted by WFP and GoS. 8 Source: Commerce Transfrontalier et Sécurité Alimentaire en Afrique de l’Ouest- Cas du Bassin Ouest : Gambie, Guinée-Bissau, Guinée, Mali, Mauritanie, Sénégal. Study carried out by WFP, FAO, CILSS and FewsNet. 9 Source: SIM/CSA (Système d’Information des Marchés/Commissariat pour la Sécurité Alimentaire). 10 West of the agro-pastoral zone.

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15. In 2009, floods affected rural and urban areas, in particular the peri-urban sites of Dakar, exacerbating the food insecurity of the most vulnerable households who have unstable livelihoods. These households face difficulties in accessing markets and have to cope with fluctuations in food prices (either seasonal or linked to the floods). A Post Disaster Need Assessment11 estimated that, in Pikine and Guédiawaye, which was particularly affected with significant damage to infrastructure, including roads, markets and health centres, between 25 and 40 percent of households were found to be living below the poverty line. More than 18,000 households, mainly displaced and vulnerable throughout affected areas, lost their main source of livelihoods and food stocks. Coping strategies deployed include modification of the quality and quantity of foods consumed, additional income generating activities, increased use of credit and reductions in expenditure on health, hygiene and clothing. To date, floodwaters have still not drained and households are unable to recover from the shock. An analysis of recent rainfall patterns has concluded that rains of similar intensity to those that produced the flooding could occur on average every one or two years.

16. The floods also affected rain-dependent agriculture and rural land settlements in Senegal.

The floods in rural areas were caused by: (i) overflowing of rivers over cultivable lands (Saint Louis, Matam, Tambacounda, Kédougou); (ii) the occurrence of high rainfall combined with a lack of drainage (Kaolack); and (iii) the intrusion of sea water into cultivable lands (Delta of Saloum River).

17. The urban and peri-urban populations of Senegal remain highly dependent on markets for

the bulk of their food and non-food needs and have been significantly affected by the economic crisis and the floods. The urban poor use diverse but unstable livelihood strategies to earn income and the majority among them are heavily reliant on the cash economy in the informal sector. There is a large migrant population and almost 40 percent of those arriving in the peri-urban areas of Dakar have settled in zones with a high risk of flooding and coastal erosion.

18. The Urban Food Security Assessment carried out in Pikine, Ziguinchor and Kaolack in

November 2008 suggested cash-based interventions as a response to food insecurity in urban settings. A feasibility study was carried out in Pikine and Ziguinchor (February to April 2009) to determine the appropriate type of pilot cash transfer intervention that would contribute to mitigate the impact of high prices on vulnerable urban populations. The findings of the different phases of the study have informed the design of the cash pilot transfer.

19. An evaluation of cereal banks12 under this PRRO has highlighted the benefits of the

intervention to improve access and availability of cereals due to the proximity of food stocks to communities, the avoidance of early harvesting to meet immediate food needs and the reduction of food stress during the hunger gap. Crops were no longer sold at reduced prices immediately after the harvest. The cereal banks also play a key role in preventing food crises and decreasing malnutrition.

20. The main strategy adopted by rural households coping with household food shortages

resulting from shocks consists of a reduction of food consumption to the detriment of their

11 Source: Post-Disaster Need Assessment 2009 (Évaluation de la situation de sécurité alimentaire dans le cadre du PDNA-inondations 2009). 12 « Mise en œuvre des banques céréalières département de Tambacounda » carried out by the Service Départementale du Développement Rural SDDR/TC.

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nutritional status, especially among children and women of childbearing age. Preliminary results of a SMART 2009 survey13 show that the nutritional situation of children under 5 remains at levels requiring early intervention, particularly in the region of Matam, where the Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) rate is above the critical threshold at 19.2 percent (2.8 percent Severe Acute Malnutrition). In Kédougou, the GAM rate of 8.9 percent (2.2 percent SAM) is close to the serious threshold. The underweight rate is beyond the serious threshold of 20 percent in five regions (Matam, Kédougou, Tambacounda, Kolda, Sedhiou) and stunting beyond the serious threshold of 30 percent in Kédougou and Kolda.

21. A study of the underlying causes of malnutrition carried out by WFP and partners in July

2009 as part of the CFSVA14 showed that, in spite of the strategies adopted by households (serving children first, eating local fruits to complete the meal), difficulties to access food continue to affect the feeding practices of children. The study therefore recommended the strengthening of information and sensitization on malnutrition and bolstering related decision making among mothers and mothers to be.

22. The Casamance region continues to be affected by civil unrest and displacement of

populations. Estimates of people displaced by the conflict vary between 30,000 and 60,000 as the population is highly mobile. Whenever displacement occurs there is either a temporary or a permanent loss of livelihoods, with the need to develop new coping mechanisms in an environment with very limited economic opportunities. Since the second half of 2009, the security situation has once again deteriorated resulting in displacement towards the urban area of Ziguinchor. There have been increased reports of casualties and serious injuries over the last six months alone. The repatriation of the displaced with support through reinstallation packages and food-for-training activities in the Casamance region can only take place in zones declared safe by United Nations Department of Safety and Security (UNDSS).

23. The on-going CFSVA, a decentralized evaluation of the PRRO planned for July and August

2010, and an evaluation of the voucher activity in the peri-urban areas of Dakar, will update available information on the levels of recovery of vulnerable populations and serve as a basis for the orientation of WFP activities in Senegal as of 2011. Gaps in the national Early Warning System (EWS), however, also highlight the need for greater efforts at systematic and regular data collection and tracking of key indicators for food security and nutrition to provide real time information for timely and effective response. A joint FAO/UNICEF/WFP project is underway to enhance the EWS through a strengthening of national and decentralized capacity to monitor the food security and nutritional situation, with support from the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) of the USA.

Purpose of budget increase

24. The purpose of the budget revision is to meet the continued relief and recovery needs in 2010. WFP assistance will support the Government’s PSU programme15, which aims to reduce the negative impact of high food prices and economic crisis on the livelihoods of vulnerable households. The budget revision will also allow for the expansion of the cash voucher component of the PRRO to the urban area of Ziguinchor.

13 SMART 2009, UNICEF. 14 Principaux facteurs structurels de risque de la malnutrition en milieu rural au Sénégal », carried out in the regions of Kolda, Sédhiou, Matam, Diourbel, Fatick and Kedougou. 15 Programme Social d’Urgence.

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25. The impact of the high food and fuel crisis in Senegal has been severe and long lasting, with the prices of many commodities remaining above the 5-year average until the 3rd and 4th quarter of 2009. A major consequence has been the depletion of assets and coping mechanisms by vulnerable households. The economic crisis of 2009, with its impact on reduced remittances from abroad, combined with floods, has further exacerbated conditions, preventing the recovery of large segments of the most vulnerable population.

26. WFP food assistance will be targeted to areas most affected by shocks, including those with

large concentrations of IDPs and returnees, and will respond through:

• Targeted General Food Distribution, Targeted Supplementary and Blanket Feeding will endeavor to save and protect livelihoods in emergencies such as flooding, displacement and during the lean season (WFP Strategic Objective 1);

• Food-For-Assets as an investment in disaster preparedness and mitigation through cereal banks and other activities aimed at protecting human and productive assets during shocks and to withstand future social and economic shocks (WFP Strategic Objective 2);

• Safety-net activities, such as Food-For-Education, Cash Vouchers and Food for Training, to assist in the restoration and rebuilding of lives and livelihoods in post- shock and post-conflict situations (WFP Strategic Objective 3).

27. The following activities will be carried out through this budget revision under the relief

component of the PRRO:

a) Targeted General Food Distributions: These will cover a maximum of 30,000 beneficiaries: (i) most food insecure households in targeted departments identified in coordination with regional food security committees, (ii) families of malnourished children under-5 identified by partners and counterparts in the field, and (iii) flood-affected populations.

b) Re-installation packages: The packages will target 15,000 people displaced by civil unrest in the Casamance region. Reinstallation is however taking longer than planned due to delays in de-mining operation by the Government and Handicap International.

c) Targeted Supplementary Feeding: Supplementary feeding will support 25,000 children aged 6-59 months suffering from moderate acute malnutrition. Beneficiaries will be admitted and discharged from the programme based on criteria defined by the National Nutritional Protocol16. The activity will be implemented through community-based structures in areas with high malnutrition rates. These beneficiaries will be identified by the Malnutrition Reduction Unit 17and the Ministry of Health, in coordination with UNICEF based on available malnutrition data.

16 Children are admitted with Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) between 11.5 cm and 12.5 cm through quarterly community screening. They are discharged from the programme with MUAC>12.5 cm. 17 Cellule de Lutte contre la Malnutrition- CLM, attached to the Prime Minister’s Office.

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d) Blanket Supplementary Feeding: As a preventive measure, WFP will target 15,000 children aged 6-23 months, in collaboration with the NGO Counterpart International. Priority target area will be Matam region, which has a critical GAM rate according to the SMART survey (19.2 percent).

28. The following activities will be carried out through this budget revision under the recovery component of the PRRO:

e) Cereals Banks: These will contribute to protect the livelihoods of subsistence farmers in Tambacounda, Kedougou, Kaffrine, Kaolack, Fatick, Kolda and Diourbel regions. A total 470 granaries will be built in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, relevant NGOs and rural communities and managed by the village populations. Approximately 100 families per village will store a portion of their harvest in exchange for a two-month family ration of cereals (133 kg).

f) Cash/Voucher Transfers: The cash vouchers aim to enhance the food security of households most affected by high food prices in peri-urban areas that are still struggling due to depleted coping mechanisms and eroded livelihoods following the 2009 floods. A pilot phase, targeting approximately 10,000 households, will be undertaken for six months in Pikine, a suburb of Dakar, as of early June 2010. Targeted food insecure households will receive a monthly cash voucher with a per capita monetary value of 3,000 CFA Francs, with a maximum of 18,000 CFA Francs per household. Vouchers will be provided to the most poor and food insecure households, based on targeting mechanisms that combine food security analysis tools and community-based approaches. The cash vouchers will be redeemed against basic food commodities (e.g. cereals, oil and sugar) at selected retail stores. The cash voucher transfers will be extended to Ziguinchor in July 2010, targeting an additional 45,000 beneficiaries for a period of 6 months. A steering committee composed of Ministry of Family, EU, World Bank and UNICEF is closely following WFP’s cash voucher pilot.

g) School Meals: The school meals will target 419,300 pupils (12,300 of whom are in pre-school) between 2-12 years. The daily meals will be provided over the 140 days of the school year. The regions targeted by this activity include the regions affected by insecurity, such as Casamance, and other regions in the country that are still struggling to keep children in school in the aftermath of the high food prices crisis.

h) Food For Training (FFT): The Food for Training will support 10,000 beneficiaries including resettled families, prioritizing women and victims of landmines in the southern regions of the country. Training will mainly include sessions on nutrition awareness, agriculture techniques, soap making, textile fabrication, with the aim of increasing income-generating capacities of targeted groups. FFT will also support mine awareness activities. WFP will also support the ongoing Government’s nutrition/integrated care activity for paediatric diseases at the community level (PCIME-C), as part of the national Nutrition Enhancement Programme (PRN) II which aims to prevent a decline in the nutritional status of children under 5 and provide a safety-net during the lean season. This activity will benefit some 30,000 pregnant and lactating women (180,000 beneficiaries) who will receive a take-home family ration (part ration) as an incentive for attending awareness sessions on growth promotion, health/hygiene education, antenatal care and screening sessions.

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i) Food For Assets (FFA): FFA will support increased food consumption among 429,000 beneficiaries in the regions of Kaolack, Fatick, Ziguinchor, Kolda, Sedhiou, Tamba, Kedougou, Louga, Kaffrine and Matam. These community-based activities will support: increased production, especially grains, through expanded cultivable lands; preserve natural resources including the green wall initiative of the Government; land reclamation for rice production through the construction of dykes to prevent the spread of salt water; and income generating activities through multi-purpose gardens (market gardening, production of fruits and tree cultivation). Food for Asset activities are carried out during the critical lean season. Geographical targeting will be based on assessments conducted by WFP and partners in collaboration with the government. Based on these results, actual beneficiary targeting in food insecure areas will be carried out through consultation between WFP, its partners, as well as central and local authorities. Beneficiary targeting will use specific household targeting criteria using participatory approach involving implementing partners, civil society, community leaders and local authorities.

29. A summary of actual and planned beneficiaries in 2009, and planned beneficiaries in 2010,

is shown below:

18 (24 cereals banks). 19 (17 cereals banks). 20 1,305,000 Beneficiaries, adjusted to 1,100,000 to take overlapping into consideration

Activity 2009 Planned 2009 Actual

2010 Planned

General Food Distribution 0 23 616 30 000 Re-installation Packages 21 000 262 15 000 Targeted Supplementary Feeding 0 0 25 000 Blanket Supplementary Feeding 40 000 25 563 15 000 School Meals 400 800 398 949 419 000 Food For Assets 450 000 745 655 356 000 Cereal Banks (CB) 16 20018 11 47519 150 000Cash/Voucher Programme 60 000 0 105 000 MCHN: Food for Nutrition Awareness 180 000 279 274 180 000 Food for Training 60 000 37 914 10 000 Total 1 249 000 1 522 708 1 100 00020

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30. The budget revision will also allow the strengthening of the Kaolack sub-office (staff and infrastructure) and the setting up a field office in Tambacounda to strengthen cooperation with field partners and the reinforcement of M&E activities.

31. The PRRO mainstreams gender and protection issues, thereby ensuring that women and adolescent girls have an equal opportunity to participate in asset creation activities and in decision-making processes concerning the creation and distribution of the produced assets.

FOOD REQUIREMENTS21:

32. The revised food requirements of the PRRO for 2010 are shown below:

Activity 2009 Planned

2009 Actual food distribution (mt)

2010 Planned (mt)

General Food Distribution 0 492 624

Re-installation Package 923 9 660Targeted and Blanket Supplementary Feeding 2700 465 792

School Meals 7731 3 233 6 826

Food For Assets 3956 6 213 5 219

Cereal Banks 254 3 333

Cash Voucher Programme 2809 0 5 63822

MCHN: Food for Nutrition Awareness 1338 1 953 444

Food for Training 176 48 88

Total 19 633 12 667 17 98623

21 Rations are maintained the same levels as in 2009. 22 Food equivalent to US$ 4,013,467. 23 Includes 2,759 mt already approved and available and included in WFP corporate database Wings.

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33. The food rations of the PRRO, which remain unchanged, and the duration of feeding of activities covered under the budget revision are shown below:

Activity Type of Beneficiary Number of days

Food basket Daily ration (grams)

Daily Kcal

General Food Distribution (targeted)

Households of malnourished children, flood affected households, vulnerable households

45 Cereals Pulses Vegetable oil Iodized Salt

370 56 30 6

1.748

Re-installation packages

Returnees

90 Cereals Pulses Vegetable oil Iodized Salt

417 42 25 5

1.856

Targeted Supplementary Feeding

Malnourished Children 6-59 months

90 CSB+ Vegetable oil Sugar

200 20 15

1.000

Blanket Supplementary Feeding

Children 6-23 months 90 CSB+ Vegetable oil Sugar

160 16 13

840

School Meals- Primary Schools 140 Cereals Pulses Vegetable oil Iodized Salt

120 30 20 5

711

School Meals- Preschools 140 Cereals Pulses Vegetable oil Iodized Salt

80 20 15 3

444

Food For Assets Participants to community works

30 Cereals Pulses Vegetable oil Iodized Salt

417 42 25 5

1.856

Cereal Banks Vulnerable households 60 Cereals 133 kg (two months)

1.332

Cash Voucher s

Vulnerable households 180 Cereals Vegetable oil Sugar (typical basket)

267 15 10

1,100

Food For Nutrition Awareness

Pregnant and lactating women

90 Pulses Vegetable oil Iodized Salt

333 133 27

383

Food For Training Participants to training sessions

15 Cereals Pulses Vegetable oil Iodized Salt

500 50 30 6

2.183

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RECOMMENDATION OF THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

34. The proposed additional commitment of food, and revised budget for Senegal PRRO 106120, is recommended to the Executive Director for approval.

Approved by:

______________________ __________________________ Executive Director, WFP Date

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ANNEX IA: BUDGET INCREASE COST BREAKDOWN

Commodity Related Portion Cash & Voucher Transfer

Total Increase

COSTS Tonnage (mt)

Value (US$)

Value (US$)

Value (US$)

Commodity / Cash Vouchers

Cereals24 13,604.76 3,494,859 3,494,859 Pulses 1,430.92 572,368 572,368 Oil and Fats 755.29 876,136 876,136 Mixed and Blended Food -790.00 -592,500 -592,500

Salt 225.87 26,507 26,507 Cash Transfer to beneficiaries Voucher Transfer to beneficiaries 1,913,480 1,913,480

Total commodity / Cash & voucher 15,226.84 4,377,370 1,913,480 6,290,850

External Transport 1,343,786 1,343,786

LTSH 2,423,202 2,423,202

ODOC (Other direct operational costs) -19,127 878,072 858,945

DSC (Direct Support Costs)25 (see table below for details) 1,918,585 692,768 2,611,353

Total WFP direct costs 10,043,816 3,484,319 13,528,135

Indirect support costs (7 percent) 26 703,067 243,902 946,969

TOTAL WFP COSTS

10,746,884

3,728,221

14,475,105

24 This is a notional food basket for budgeting and approval. The contents may vary. 25 Indicative figure for information purposes. The direct support costs allotment is reviewed annually. 26 The indirect support cost rate may be amended by the Board during the project.

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ANNEX IB

Direct Support Requirements (US$) Staff and Staff Related Costs International Professional Staff 312,060International GS Staff Local Staff - National Officers 10,197Local Staff - General Service 34,576Local Staff - Temporary assistance 591,633Local Staff - Overtime 27,000Hazard Pay & Hardship Allowance International Consultants 190,740Local Consultants -22,622Non Staff HR: UNV 13,427Commercial Consultancy Services Staff duty travel 467,768

Subtotal 1,624,779

Recurring Expenses Rental of Facility 9,667Utilities General 62,668Office Supplies and Other Consumables 144,151Communications and IT Services 82,145Equipment Repair and Maintenance -14,500Vehicle Running Cost and Maintenance 10,558Office Set-up and Repairs 283,058UN Organization Services 25,000

Subtotal 602,747

Equipment and Capital Costs Vehicle leasing 77,810TC/IT Equipment 164,097Local Security Costs 141,919

Subtotal 383,826

TOTAL DIRECT SUPPORT COSTS 2,611,353

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ANNEX IC

Map 1: the regions of Senegal