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Fishing Industry

Information Pack

April 2016

Protocol for Archaeological Discoveries

wessexarchaeology

Report now via

www.fipad.org

or call 07803 576792

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• Take photographs of each Artefact • Record details of each Artefact on a separate reporting form• Protect your Artefact. Immerse it in a water filled container and store it in a dark cool place• Bag each Artefact separately• Label Artefacts/containers with PLN and date• If there is more than one Artefact, assign a different number to each item

If you encounter an obstruction, snag or structure, complete a Reporting Form with as much information as possible.

Fishing IndustryProtocol for Archaeological Discoveries

On discovering a Site or Artefact

STEP 1: Location• Onboard record/estimate the position of the boat/Site/Artefact;• If the find is too big to bring ashore and is left at sea, record the location at which it has been dropped;• Put Artefact in a safe place.

STEP 2: Information• Fill in a reporting form: on paper; online; or with the HEFLO;• Photograph Artefact;• Bag and label Artefact;• Put Artefacts in a safe place.

STEP 3: Report itPass the report either: • By phone;• By email;• By post;• Online or; • To a FIPAD Contact.

Actions for Finders If you discover an Artefact

If you discover a Site

Use the Online Reporting Form

www.fipad.org

If you discover munitions – be careful!

Despite long periods underwater, munitions can still be extremely dangerous and should always be treated with caution. Always follow safe working procedures when dealing with munitions. Before reporting munitions via the FIPAD, they must be made safe or identified as inert by the police or a military Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Officer. Once items have been confirmed as safe and suitable for handling they should be reported through the Protocol. If you have any queries regarding the reporting of munitions, please contact the Fishing Protocol team. 1


Contact list

Company Phone Email Web

Sussex IFCA 01273 454407 [email protected] www.sussex-ifca.gov.uk/

Wessex Archaeology 01722 326867 [email protected] www.fipad.org

Receiver of Wreck 023 8032 9474 [email protected] www.mcga.gov.uk/row

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NB This contact list was last updated on 01 December 2016 and may be subject to change. For the latest contact list go to:

http://fipad.org/resources/fipad-contacts-list

For further information please contact:Historic Environment Fisheries

Liaison Officer (HEFLO)Tel: 07803 576792

WhatsApp: HEFLO@FIPAD

FB:facebook.com/[email protected]

Use the Online Reporting Form:www.fipad.org

Port FIPAD Contact Email Phone

Brighton HEFLO [email protected] 07803 576792

Chichester Judith Meagher [email protected] 01243 510001

Eastbourne Graham Doswell [email protected] 07767 458574

Hastings Yasmin Ornsby [email protected] 01424 722322

Littlehampton Jeremy Brooke [email protected] 07730 041205

Newhaven David Guy [email protected] 07980 591631

Rye HEFLO [email protected] 07803 576792

Selsey Tony Delahunty [email protected] 07974 254248

Shoreham Jim Partridge [email protected] 01273 463014

Matt Leach [email protected] 01273 722322

Chichester Harbour Conservancy


Actions for Contacts Have Artefacts been recovered?On receiving a report

STEP 1: Confirmation• Confirm details of the Site/Artefact with the Finder;• Fill in additional information on the reporting form;• Ensure correct Finder details.

STEP 2: AdviseAdvise the Finder on safe storage of Artefacts. If in doubt, consult the HEFLO.

STEP 3: Submit formSend form to the HEFLO, or upload via the FIPAD website as soon as possible.

Please ensure Artefacts have been:• photographed• properly labelled• placed in water (see conservation information sheet)

• stored in a safe place

If you discover munitions – be careful!

Despite long periods underwater, munitions can still be extremely dangerous and should always be treated with caution. Always follow safe working procedures when dealing with munitions. Before reporting munitions via the FIPAD, they must be made safe or identified as inert by the police or a military Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Officer. Once items have been confirmed as safe and suitable for handling they should be reported through the Protocol. If you have any queries regarding the reporting of munitions, please contact the Fishing Protocol team.

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Actions for theHEFLOOn receiving a report

STEP 1: AcknowledgeAcknowledge receipt of report to the Finder and FIPAD Contact and ask for any further details if necessary

STEP 2: AdviseProvide initial advice on dealing with the Site/Artefact to the Finder or FIPAD Contact

STEP 3: ConsultSeek advice on identifying the Site/Artefact from specialists

STEP 4: ReportSend Discovery Report back to FIPAD Contact and Finder

STEP 5: DisseminateSend Discovery Reports to the stakeholders. Discovery Reports will also be sent to the Receiver of Wreck and Ministry of Defence as appropriate.

STEP 6: EnhanceExport FIPAD data to local and national heritage databases

Confirm the location of any Artefacts brought ashore

Provide information on Artefact first aid and storageArrange to collect Artefact if necessary

Make assessment of the significance of the discovery

Return Artefact to owner

Compile progress reports to be sent to HLF, The Crown Estate, Marine Management Organisation, Inshore Fisheries & Conservation Authority. Publish discoveries on the FIPAD website and in the newsletters.

Have Artefacts been recovered?If Artefacts have been recovered the HEFLO may also need to...

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Reporting munitions

Always follow safe working procedures when dealing with munitions. Before reporting munitions via the Protocol they must be made safe or identified as inert by the police or a military Explosive Ordnance Disposal Officer (EOD). Once the items have been confirmed as safe and suitable for handling they should be reported as normal through the Protocol. If you have any queries regarding the reporting of munitions please contact a member of the FIPAD team.

Munitions and Ordnance

Despite long periods spent underwater munitions can still be extremely dangerous and should always be treated with caution. The appropriate response when dealing with munitions is to report them to the police, coastguard or Ministry of Defence.

How common are munitions?

Up to 10% of the bombs that fell on and around the UK during WWII failed to function and so far only a fraction of these have been recovered. In addition to these ‘blind’ munitions, ordnance from both world wars was dumped at sea and munitions on board sunken vessels are rarely salvaged.

SAFE TREATMENT OF MUNITIONS when they are discovered

Vis or Random pistol

Fuse cap

German WWII machine gun Ammunition

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Conservation and Storage

Marine finds are very fragile and can dry out quickly. Don’t be fooled; even seemingly robust objects such as cannonballs can quickly degrade if they are not treated correctly.

What do I do with a wet find?

1 – Place the find into a plastic container and completely cover with seawater. If the find is large, cover as much as possible with seawater and wrap the rest in wet fabric or polythene.

2 – Label the container or wrapping and store in a cool dark area.

Label: PLN Date (DD/MM/YYYY) Finder Name Contact Number

3 – Check the condition of the find regularly. Change the seawater when necessary and note any cracks or flaking.

What do I do with a dry find?

If a find is dry do not to place it back into water. But it is still important to label it and place in a dark, cool place.

Three rules• Wet – Keep the object wet by covering with water in an appropriately sized container.• Cool – The hotter something is the more likely it will corrode so place the artefact somewhere cool.• Dark – Place the artefact away from direct contact with light, such as in a drawer or cupboard.

Things to avoid• Supermarket bags – they contain harmful chemicals• Drying – when wet finds dry quickly they crack and disintegrate• Tissue paper – tissue will degrade in water• Bubblewrap – textured wrapping can leave impressions on soft finds• Placing different finds together – some types of material can be affected by contact with others• Metal containers – metal can cause problems such as corrosion• Glue – Some glues are harmful; if a find breaks don’t fix it

Further advice

Advice on conservation can be sought from the Historic Environment Fisheries Liaison Officer (HEFLO) or another archaeologist at Wessex Archaeology via:

07803 576792


[email protected]

The detrimental effects of rapid drying on iron shot

PLN Date (01/04/2012) Finder Name: J. Bloggs Contact Number: 000 111 2222



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Prehistoric Artefacts

Some of the first things that spring to mind when you think of underwater archaeology are shipwrecks and aircraft wrecks. Whilst shipwrecks are important, there is a huge range of other exciting and significant artefacts that can be found under the sea.

Some of the most important finds from the seabed are stone tools. Stone tools are the oldest known technology used by man. These implements were first used in Africa 2.5 million years ago and until metal was discovered, stone was the primary resource for making tools.

Whilst a large majority of tools are made from flint, in places where this was not available other stones were used instead.

It is not only the tools which are of interest to archaeologists, flint-knapping produces piles of waste flakes. Archaeologists examine the flakes to see what sort of tools were being made.

See below for some examples of handaxes, arrowheads and flakes.

How to recognise stone tools and flakes

Stone tools and flakes have recognisable features and shapes that indicate they were made by humans. The negative flake scars and bulb of percussion are some of the easiest to find.

The bulb of percussion is a curved raised lump left behind when a flake is struck off. The negative scar is a concave cone-shaped scar on the flake where it came off the core - the opposite of the bulb of percussion.

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Negative Flake ScarsRidgesCortexBulb ScarButt

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Point of PercussionCone of PercusionBulb of PercussionConical RipplesFissures

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Metalwork and Concretions

What is a concretion?

Concretions are dense clumps of hard material that develop on the surface of iron or other ferrous metals as they corrode. A concretion can form one clump around an object or become large sections on iron shipwrecks. Within a concretion the object gradually corrodes away, sometimes leaving only a hollow space. It is easy to see if a concretion has been freshly pulled off an iron object as it has a bright orange rust colour.

Why are concretions important?

Concretions can easily hide the shape of an object, making them impossible to identify. However you should not assume that concretions are unimportant; x-rays can sometimes reveal what lies underneath the concretion, or injecting filler can make a mould of the hollow shape.

Recording

As with other types of artefacts, the more information we have the better. When recording concretions useful information includes length, width, diameter and thickness of concretion, where possible.

Keep your eyes peeled

Some people miss concretions as they can look like rocks from the seafloor. If you find something you’re not sure about, report it.

This x-ray and drawing shows a broken nail wrapped inside a metal sheet

Nail

Metal sheet

A concretion can look like a rock

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Metal sheet

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Photographing Artefacts

Checklist

Can someone tell from the photos:

What size the object is.What shape it is.What type of object it is.What it is made of.Whether it has any unusual markings.

Good use of scale sheet

Take photos from different angles

Biro scale

What is the photograph for?

The photographs that we receive of new discoveries are very important. They provide a lot of information about each object and can be sent to specialists around the country.

Tips

Make sure there is a scale in the photo – if you do not have the scale sheet provided you can use a ruler or known object, such as a coin or biro, to help show the size of the find.

To avoid light spots in the photo make sure any excess water is wiped off.

Make sure the photo is sharp.

Do not include too many objects in one shot.

Take photographs at different angles; the more photographs and views, the easier it is to interpret the artefact.

Take additional close-up pictures of markings or features that you think are unusual.

Detail shot

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entered into the National Record for the Historic Environment (www.pastscapes.org.uk). The HEFLO will also assist the finder with reporting relevant discoveries to the Receiver of Wreck in order to satisfy the legal obligations under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

The expected results are: • improved exchange of information between heritage bodies and fishermen of Sussex; • increased reporting of new discoveries; • collation of information on legacy material, seabed fasteners and material returned to the seabed; and • more successful identification of finds. The project’s other key aim is to expand awareness of the sea and its heritage through direct community engagement via schools, local focus groups and museums.

In February 2016 the post of Historic Environment Fisheries Liaison Officer (HEFLO) was established as the result of recommendations from the initial pilot project. The post was created by Wessex Archaeology, in association with Sussex Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authority and funded through the Heritage Lottery Fund.

The HEFLO’s role is to develop and support the Fishing Industry Protocol for Archaeological Discoveries (FIPAD) by having a direct relationship with the fishermen of Sussex. FIPAD is a simple voluntary mechanism allowing fishermen to report archaeological finds recovered from the seabed. The finder will receive an archaeological report on their discovery. The information will also be

Overview

Contents

The FIPAD information pack provides guidance on what to do on discovering a Site or Artefact.

Cover/PhotosheetPage 1 – Actions for FinderPage 2 – Contact listPage 3 – Actions for FIPAD ContactPage 4 – Actions for the HEFLOPage 5 – Munitions and OrdnancePage 6 – Conservation and StoragePage 7 – Prehistoric ArtefactsPage 8 – Metalwork and ConcretionsPage 9 – Photographing ArtefactsPage 10 – Overview

If you have any pages missing please download them from the website






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