PROTEIN

DARI BAHASA MESIR/YUNANI “PROTEUS” YANG UTAMA

TERSUSUN DARI UNSUR C, H, O, N, S, P DENGAN KOMPOSISISBB:

CARBON 50%HIDROGEN 7%OKSIGEN 23%NITROGEN 16% 100/16=6,25N x 6,25= % PROTEINSULPHUR 0-3%PHOSPOR 0-3%

PROTEIN

PROTEIN TERSUSUN DARI ASAM AMINO H

R C COOH

NH2

Proteins

• Chains of Amino Acids – Essential amino acids

• Must be provide through the diet• Ruminants add in microbial growth

– Non-essential amino acids• Required but the body can synthesize them

PROTEIN

KLASIFIKASI ASAM AMINO:

1. STRUKTUR RANTAINYA ALIFATIS-AROMATIS-HETEROSIKLI2. JML GGS NH2 DAN COOHMONO….MONO… DST3. REAKSI DLM LRT ASAM, BASA, NETRAL4. NUTRITIONALESENSIAL-NON ESENSIAL5. KATABOLISMEGLUKOGENIK-KETOGENIK-GLUKO/KETO

CONTOH AA:GLISIN C2H5O2NALANIN C3H7O2NPHENILALANIN C9H11O2N

PROTEIN

SIFAT PROTEIN:- TGT JML DAN SSN AA YG MENYUSUN- BGMN POLIPEPTIDA TERIKAT SATU DG YG LAIN

KLASIFIKASI PROTEIN:

• KOMPOSISI• SIMPLE PROTEIN• CONJUNGATED PROTEIN

• CHROMO PROTEIN: HAEMOGLOBIN• GLYCOPROTEIN DAN MUCOPROTEIN: MUCIN• PHOSPOPROTEIN: CASEIN• LIPOPROTEIN: LIPOVITELIN• NUCLEOPROTEIN: NUKLEUS

• BENTUK MOLEKUL• GLOBULAR• FIBROUS

PROTEIN

KLASIFIKASI PROTEIN:

• KELARUTAN• AIR• PELARUT ASAM• PELARUT BASA• ALKOHOL

• FUNGSI• STRUKTURAL PROTEIN: KOLAGEN, KARTILAGO• KRONTRAKTIL PROTEIN: AKTIN DAN MIOSIN• ENSIM• HORMON• ANTIBODI• PROTEIN DARAH: ALBUMIN, FIBRINOGEN, Hb

PROTEIN

FUNGSI ASAM AMINO:

1. SINTESA PROTOPLASMA DLM SEL2. PERBAIKAN JARINGAN RUSAK3. PENYIMPANAN PROTEIN4. SINTESA ASAM EMPEDU5. SINTESA HORMON6. SINTESA ENSIM7. SINTESA PROTEIN SUSU DAN ANTIBODI8. SINTESA MELANIN9. SINTESA RHODOPSIN10.SUPPLY ENERGY

Protein

• Functions:– Building blocks

– Muscle, bone, connective tissue, milk production and cellular repair

– Blood

– Enzymes

PROTEIN

GEJALA DEFISIENSI PROTEIN:

• UMUM: ODEMA• RANGKA: HAMBATAN PROLIFERASI DR SEL DLM AKTIFITAS OSTEOBLASTIK• JARINGAN PENGHUBUNG: KEGAGALAN PMBTK KOLAGEN• REPRODUKSI: ATROPI TESTES• OTOT: ATROPI OTOT CARDIALIS DAN OTOT RANGKA• SUMSUM TULANG: PENURUNAN PRODUKSI Hb

Essential & Nonessential Amino Acids

• Essential AA’s– Arginine– Histidine– Isoleucine– Leucine– Lysine– Methionine– Phenylalanine– Threonine– Tryptophan– Valine

Acronym: PVT TIM HALL

• Nonessential AA’s– Alanine– Asparganine– Aspertic acid– Cysteine– Cystine– Glutamic acid– Glutamine– Glycine– Hydroxyproline– Proline– Serine– Tyrosine

Protein

• Swine– Very important– Lysine a limiting amino acid in swine diets

• Ruminants– Important, but…..

Fermentation microbes can make them

Protein

• Sources– Vary in absorption rate

• Egg proteins the highest 90%• Animal sources 60-80%• Plants 40-60%

Protein• largest and most costly part

of the ration• composed of amino acids

Protein• enzymes are composed of

protein• protein can be used to

supply energy

Protein• some animals need more

protein than others• young animals• lactating (milk producing)

animals

Protein• twenty three types of amino

acids• ten essential• thirteen nonessential

Protein• crude protein content• total amount of protein in a

feed• calculated by multiplying

nitrogen content percentage times 6.25

Protein• digestible protein• the protein in a feed that

can be digested and used by the animal

• usually about 50-80% of crude protein

Protein• protein sources• animal• slaughterhouse by products• dried fish meal

Protein• plant• superior to animal sources• cottonseed meal• soybean meal, linseed meal• peanut meal, corn meal

Protein• balancing rations is based

on the amino acid content