Proposed architecture for IMD

Integrating GIS in an operational Agromet advisory system

RDBMS

MODELS

GIS

Remote sensing

Weather

Crop Info

WebWAN

Point to Point

Weather data

through GTS

Crop Pest& Disease

Information

Customised GIS for

generation of agromet

products

Remote SensingInformation

on crop condition

The working steps in the National Centre cover data collection, quality checks, running models and product generation, while decentralised offices (AMFUs) utilise the products for framing the advisories.

Mechanism for preparation of Agromet ProductsMechanism for preparation of Agromet Products

Integrated and Holistic Approach to Agrometeorological Services

Simulatiom

Remote Sensing

GIS

Agromet

Products

Historical Data Real Time Crop & Agrometeorological Data

Real Time Crop & Agrometeorological Data

Probabilities (Rainfall, Dry & Wet Spells)

Onset of rainfall

Degree Days

Phenology

Pest & Disease

Water balance

Water Requirements

Soil moisture, Soil temperature,Air temperature, humidity, Evapotranspiration, Sunshine

Agroclimatic Classification

Agroclimatic Information

Regression etc

Onset of rainfall

Degree Days

Crop Phenology

Water balance/drought (aridity index)

Water Requirements

Pest/Disease

Agrometeorological Parameters like Soil moisture, Soil temperature, Air temperature, humidity, Evapotranspiration, Sunshine

Rainfall

Temperature

Humidity

Evapotranspiration

Sunshine

Soil Moisture

Soil Temperature

Leaf Wetness

Leaf Temperature

Agromet Advisory

Communication

End Users

Agricultural Meteorology Division Requirement vs MFI solutions

IMD requirements Proposed solution (MIMOSA-based)The Agricultural Meteorology Division of IMD, Pune intends to implement a data warehouse and analysis

center to automate the Agro-met Advisory Services .

CLISYS and CIPS will be used as a data warehouse and analysis center.

METEOFACTORY system will allow automatic production and dissemination of products

Relevant agro-meteorological data like relative humidity, soil moisture, leaf temperature etc.

collected from all the stations (surface and AWS) across India will be collected at the centralized data

processing center at Pune

TRANSMET system will ingest all agro-meteorological data collected from the

IMD&IAAS observation network. These data will then feed the CLISYS and CIPS database, for

further analysis and processing.

All relevant data should be expressed and available

at AMFU (x130) or preferably district (x612) levels

METEOFACTORY® Met Editor module will allow the forecaster to enter (from guess values)

relevant weather elements at such scale (consistent with PWS/EWS approach)

The system will automatically generate the relevant maps and text form which will help in framing the

agromet advisory.

METEOFACTORY® ProdMet to generate semi-automatically charts, map and add text form.

The outputs in the form of reports, charts, maps and advisories will be disseminated to the farmers via Web based interface / Radio / TV / News paper

through the concerned AAS, AMFU, DAO’s and Village Knowledge Centers.

METEOFACTORY dissemination module will allow the automatic delivery of products through

different media such as Website, Radio, Newspaper…

Overview of the systemForecasting position MFi

TV System

Single parameter in shading mode

24H Rain and metgramWind and VV overlay

Aridity Anomaly Map

Dry Spell

Wet Spell

Assured Rainfall at different probability levels

Provide NDVI Data from INSAT 3D

Warning Disseminated on the Web

Apply plant protection measures. There is a probability of Pinkboll worm attack on cotton in Akola and Yavatmal

( Regions likely to experience Stem borer incidence on Rice crop)

• Farmers are advised to apply Carbofuran @ Farmers are advised to apply Carbofuran @ 10 kg/acre.10 kg/acre.

Soil Moisture Storage (S)

.

Light Rainfall

Excess Rainfall causing water logging/Runoff

Punjab

No Rain

Postpone fertilizer

application at Gurdaspur

and Patiala due to excess

rainfall .

Farmers are advised to

apply fertilizers in the

remaining districts of the

state due to light rainfall

or no rain in these areas

Rainfall

> 20 knots (Squall)

> 34 Knots (Gale)

< 10 knots

Wind SpeedPunjab

In Bhatinda and Patiala wind

speed is greater than 20 knots and

in Jalandhar and Ropar wind speed

is greater than 34 knots, avoid

applying fertilizer to the crop in

these districts.

Apply the necessary fertilizer in

the remaining districts of the state

as wind is calm .

Adilabad

Nizamabad Karimnagar

Medak

Rangareddi

Mahabubnagar

K ur n oo l

Anantapur

C hittoor

Nalgonda

Warangal

HYDKhammam

N e l lo r e

P r a k a s a m

G u n t u r

C u d d a p a h

West Godawari

East Godawari

Krishna

Vishakhapatnam

VizianagaramSrikakulam

Andhra Pradesh

Cyclone centre

Lat :

Long .:

Cyclone is approaching to the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. Mature crop may be harvested immediately

Andhra Pradesh

Temp. > 28OC

Temp. < 28OC

PUNJAB

Apply light irrigation in Jalander and Ludhiana where temperature reaches more than 28OC.

Grapes could suffer cracks due to the extreme cold conditions in the traditional belt of the crop in Nasik region where mercury dropped to 4.4 degree celsius, the lowest in the state and Pune recorded a temperature of 5.8 dgrees C, next to Nasik even as an average drop of 5 to 6 degrees in minimum temperatures

Nashik

Pune

4.40C

5.80C

Arrange for smoking around the field and apply light irrigation to the crop.Spray fresh water to the bunches.

Zonation of frost areas for prevention of the crop injury

Punjab

• Irrigation should be given to protect the standing crops from frost as adequate soil moisture during frosty period keep the soil comparatively warm and save it from frost.

• Smoke arrangement may also be made around the fields to save the crop from the ground frost.

When normal maximum temperature of a station is less than or equal to 400C

When normal maximum temperature of a station is more than 400C

Apply frequent irrigations to the crops.Apply mulches to maintain high moisture status in the soil

In rabi season the most appropriate time of sowing for wheat crop is when the daily ambient temperature drops to 20-220C.

In Amritsar, Firozpur, Faridkot, Bathinda and Muktsar the temperature range is between 20 to 220C in the third week of November . In these districts, farmers can start sowing wheat. In the other districts, they can wait for sowing.

Amritsar

210C

B ath inda

220C

F aridko t

210CMu ktsa r

200C

Firozpur21.2 0C

EVI images: 17January to 01 February 2009, Source: IRI

Vegetation IndexThe EVI-MODIS images maps (17 January to 01 February 2009) below show dense vegetation in countrieslying south of 8°N in extreme west and southern part (coastal) part of west Africa, most of central Africaand Southern Africa countries, few part of GHA countries. Countries in the Sahel, Sahara and northern partof Gulf of Guinea countries had less to none vegetation cover. The breeding of mosquitoes is high in areaswith thick vegetation cover.

Advisory based on ERWF