Properties of Matter. Physical Properties def. Characteristic of a substance that can change without...
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Properties of Matter
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Physical Properties
def. Characteristic of a substance that can change without the substances becoming a different substance
Ex: odor, color, volume, state (gas, liquid, or solid), density, melting & boiling point, mass, length, shape, taste, luster, malleability, solubility, ductility, thermal conductivity
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4pQQQNwy30
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Physical Properties that the behavior of a material…
Solubility ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance ex: powdered lemonade dissolves in water easily
Ductility ability of a substance to be pulled into wire ex: copper used for wiring bc ductile
Malleability ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets ex: aluminum foil
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Examples of Physical Properties
Magnetism some objects are attracted to magnets ex: iron
State physical form in which a substance exists: solid, liquid, gas
Viscosity a liquids resistance to flow
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Viscosity
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Measuring DensityDensity- amount of matter in a given space, or
volume; density is measured in a combination of SI units called derived units
Density (d) = mass (m) / volume (v)Ex: mass = 45 grams; volume = 5 cm3
Find the density of the golf ball: 45 g / 5 cm3 = 9 g/cm3 g/cm3 = an example of a derived unit http://sciencespot.net/Media/myscanister.pdf
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5 Liquids
Baby Oil (D =.83 g/mL)WaterVegetable OilIsopropyl AlcoholDishwashing Liquid
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Density of Solids
Q. Would you rather carry 1 kilogram of lead or 1 kilogram of feathers? WHY?
A. both have the same mass, but that would be a lot of feathers to equal the mass of 1 kg of lead
*Knowing the density of a substance can tell you if a substance will float or sink. If the density of an object is less than the density of water, the object will float!
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Use Density to Identify Substances
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Think Outside the Box
Q. Would the density of a given substance change if the temperature changes?
A. YES as temperature changes the density also changes
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EXAMPLES
Blue100 gPours slowlyDissolves in water
15 g/mL http://www.brainpop.com/science/
matterandchemistry/metals/preview.weml
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Using Physical Properties to Separate
Choose the best method to achieve separation?Pure water from salty
waterClear water from
muddy waterSawdust mixed with
sandSteel buttons and
plastic buttons
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Physical Change
Def. change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties
Change in substance’s size, shape, or state of matter
substance does not change identity when it undergoes a physical change
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Chemical Properties
Def. any characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change
Reactivity characteristic that describes the ability of a substance to change to a different substance
Flammability ability of a substance to burn
Ex: Wood burning in a fireplace, which gives off heat and gases and leaving a residue of ashes. In this process, the wood is changed into several substances.
pH
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Chemical Change
def. when one or more substances are changed into new substances with different properties
Ex: soured milk smells bad because bacteria have formed a new substance in the milk
Ex: Statue of Liberty was copper now looks green from Cu reaction with moist air
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Signs of Chemical Change
Color or odor changeHeatFizzing and foamingSound or light given
off
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/matter-physical-and-chemical-properties.html
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Weathering of Earth
Large rocks can split when water seeps into small cracks, freezes, and expands Physical OR Chemical?
A: Physical bc the smaller pieces of newly exposed rock still have the same properties as the original
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Stalactites & Stalagmite Formation
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Law of Conservation of MassLaw states that matter is not created or destroyed, but
conserved (total mass of starting reactants equals the mass of the products)
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Sanding a piece of wood
PHYSICAL
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Chemical
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PHYSICAL
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Chemical
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CHEMICAL
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Chemical
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Physical
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Chemical