PROGRESS WITH AIR QUALITY PROGRESS WITH AIR QUALITY PROGRESS WITH AIR QUALITY PROGRESS WITH AIR QUALITY

MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE

CHANGE IN GAUTENGCHANGE IN GAUTENGCHANGE IN GAUTENGCHANGE IN GAUTENG

Rina Taviv

Air Quality, GDARD

10 October 2011 1

Contents of presentations

• Achievements, challenges and way forward for:

1. AQ monitoring

2. Atmospheric Emission Licensing (AEL)

3. AQ management

• Development of Gauteng Climate Change

Strategy

• Lessons learnt

2

AQ MONITORING

3

AQ MONITORING – ACHIEVEMENTS

• There is wealth of data from government

(Including VTAPA and HPA) and industry

• Metros prepared to invest in AQ monitoring

• There is most comprehensive and

long term dust monitoring database

to determine impact of mining

activities (MoU with SAAQIS)

• MoU with Gauteng Cities Region

Observatory to host and display data

for stakeholders 4

AQ MONITORING – CHALLENGES

• Only Joburg attempted to look after their stations

(still has data management contract), but has low

data recovery rate and needs major repairs

• R2.2 millions were spent on maintenance of 6

stations donated by GDARD, but some of them

are still non-functional.

• There is no agreed and accepted reporting system

to be applied consistently for local and provincial

government as well as 2 priority areas that affect

Gauteng (VTAPA and HPA)5

AQ MONITORING – WAY FORWARD

• Capacity, capacity, capacity…… (including

educating senior managers of costs and benefits

of AQ monitoring)

• There is a need for a regular long term analysis

(include in AQMP review)

• There is a need for baseline/ campaign approach

with use of mobile and passive sampling (CoT

example)

• There is a need for more effective use of data

collected by industry (benzene in filling stations) 6

AEL – ACHIVEMENTS

• All five metros and districts function as licensing

authorities

• GDARD developed and approved AEL application

form

• City of Joburg reviewed all APPA certificates and

converted to PAEL

• Provincial AEL database has been set up and

maintained by GDARD

• AEL register for all provincial EIA applications in

VTAPA and HPA has recently been set up 7

AEL – CHALLENGES

• Most industrialised province (Ekurhuleni and

Sedibeng DM have biggest challenge)

• Capacity, capacity, capacity……(interpretation of

specialists reports)

• Delegation of power (designation of AQ Officer)

• AEL – EIA regulation links still problematic

• Listing activities need to be updated urgently (to

exclude small operating melting precious metals)

• Implementation of fee calculator

8

AEL – WAY FORWARD

• More officials need to receive comprehensive

training (DEA/NACA training proposal)

• Fee calculator implementation needs to be

addressed

• SOP to be developed and set up to align EIA and

AEL processes

• All APPA certificates to be reviewed and

converted to PAEL

9

AQM – ACHIEVEMENTS

• GDARD improved participation in WGII (provincial

officers and DEA); AQ Officers forum (local and

Gauteng province) become more productive

• AQM Plans approved for all metros and districts

(CoJ busy with review)

• 1st AQM plan for transport sector (GDR&T)

• Numerous training opportunities

• Busy with Gauteng SoE report – comprehensive

section on AQ and Climate Change

10

AQM – ACHIEVEMENTS (continued)

Mining pollution has been addressed at many

levels:

•AQ monitoring,

•development of Mine Residue Areas Strategy,

•submission of objections to RMDEC (DMR),

• cooperation with National Nuclear Regulator,

• addressing complaints (Prestasie School,

Germiston)

11

AQM – ACHIEVEMENTS

12

AQM – CHALLENGES

• GDARD AQ sections mainly deals with EIAs, need

more emphasis on AQMP implementation

• Better cooperation between provincial, local and

national (management of VTAPA and HPA) is

required.

• The AQM should be aligned and synergised with

planning and climate change mitigation

13

Development of

Gauteng Climate

Change Response

Strategy

(GCCRS)14

Climate-friendly

economy

In the long-term, we will redefine our competitive

advantage and structurally transform the economy

by shifting from an energy-intensive to a climate-

friendly path as part of a pro-growth, pro-

development and pro-jobs strategy.

Energy-intensive economy

Mitigation

16

GHG EMISSIONS BY SECTOR (ENERGY)

CO2 emissions By Sector

in Gauteng Province

Transport

17%

Residential

16%

Industry

53%

Comerce

13%

Govt

1%

Main Energy GHGContributors:•Industry;•Transport; •Residential;•and•Commerce

Source:Dobbins et al., 2010

17

Accepted Gauteng Integrated Energy

Strategy targetsAction 2014 2025 2055

Overall EE against business as

usual scenario, i.e. 22% less

energy consumed

22% 30% 40%

Transport EE 15%

Residential EE 20%

Industry EE 25%

Commerce EE 25%

Government EE 25%

RE consumption (elect only) 15% 30% 50%

Carbon emissions reduction

against 2000 levels

15% 30% 45%

Electrification targets 100%

SWH installations 15% 50% 100%

Adaptation

19

SUMMARY – 2050 PROJECTIONS

• Mean Annual Temperature is projected to be 2 to

3°C;

• Rate of change of Gauteng temperature per

decade to be 0.25 to 0.5°C;

• Increase in rainfall between 0 to 40%;

• Evaporation from dams and soil increase 5% to

10%;

20

WHAT ARE WE NEED TO ADAPT TO?

•Cold Spells and Frost,

•Heat Waves

•Rainfall Amounts and Seasonality

•Rainfall Variability and Intensity

•Flash and Regional floods•Increased evaporation / Soil Water Content

•Droughts

•Surface Water Supply

•Groundwater Supply

•Water Quality Deterioration

21

C.Fatti, 2010

C.Fatti, 2010

Poor are most vulnerable

FLASH AND REGIONAL FOODS

Courtesy Prof

Vogel

Damage costs Damage costs –– Western CapeWestern Cape

(Source: RADAR, Western Cape 2010)(Source: RADAR, Western Cape 2010)

• Western Cape (2003-2008) national departments and

parastatals direct damage costs:

• Exceeding R221 million in 8 severe weather events e.g.

cut-off lows + flooding

• During same period 8 provincial departments – damage

costs of R1.8 billion

• Provincial Road Dept - >R600 million over same period

• Farm losses – 636 farms damage costs in excess of R765

million (Nov 2007-Nov 2008).

Warning Service, Dissemination Warning Service, Dissemination

and Response Capabilityand Response Capability Courtesy Prof

Vogel

ADAPTATION APPROACH

Risk based approach to improve decision making in complex and less certain environment

Working with stakeholders etc. using adaptive co-management approaches;

Planning synergies – transversal policy and management action (e.g. links between disaster management, IDPs and spatial planning).

OTHER NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL

STRATEGIES

The GCCRS and Action Plan has been aligned with:

• National Climate Change Response Strategy

• Gauteng Integrated Energy Strategy(targets adopted )

• Gauteng Economic Growth & Development Strategy

• Gauteng Green Strategic Programme

• City of Joburg (draft), Tshwane and Ekurhuleni

Climate Change Strategies.

29

ALIGNMENT BETWEEN GCCRS AND

GREEN STRATEGIC PROGRAMME (GSP)

• The GSP is an umbrella programme that cover all green initiative. Climate Change is one of the 9 sectors addressed in GSP.

• Certain aspects of Climate Change mitigation are covered under other sectors in GSP such as:

Energy, Transport and Waste

• Certain aspects of Climate Change adaptation are covered under other sectors in GSP such as: Spatial Planning and Land use; Water and Sanitation and Food Security.

30

2.

Transform.

of the economy through

promotion of

sustainable

and low

carbon

industries

GCCRS OVERVIEW –THE FRAMEWORK

5.

Sustainable

cities and

communities

(including

sustainable

spatial

planning)

1.

Effective

governance mainstreami

ng climate

change into

all levels of

government

and planning

4.

Protection

of natural resources

and

biodiversity

3.

Food

security through

promotion of

organic

agriculture

and

household

gardens

Strategic Pillars

Inter-dependent

Provincial Foundations

Building climate protected future

Promoting awareness and behavior changes

Promoting quality education and skills development

Minimising health impacts (especially for vulnerable communities)

Stimulating Rural Development

climate change interventions through effective partnerships between government, private sector and public

Addressing global pressures for greening 31

GCCRS ACTION PLAN (PER PILLAR) - 3Pillar Driver Key activities Responsibility

1.Effective

governance

Monitoring

and

Evaluation

•Gauteng GHG inventory

•Energy modelling and

monitoring for Gauteng

•Use of Atmospheric Emission

Licensing system for

monitoring GHG emissions

from large industrial sources

•Report on the state of climate

change

Energy Office

(GDLG&H);

Municipalities;

Universities;

GDARD; Eskom;

MOEs that

distribute

electricity;

energy industry

companies.

32

SELECTED CURRENT INITIATIVES

• National Department of Agriculture, Forestry and

Fisheries (DAFF) held Climate Change Conference to solicit

inputs into integrated DAFF strategy.

• Establishment of a Carbon Credit Desk and Climate

Technologies Innovation Centre (Tshwane)

• Establishment of Freight Logistics Hubs (West Rand)

• AWESOME project converting waste into electricity, using

Plasma Gasification Technology (CoJ, Tshwane and

Ekurhuleni)

33

OUTCOME OF GCCRS IMPLEMENTATION

“Climate change mitigation and adaptation measures will strengthen

the resilience of key economic sectors affected by both slow-onset and

extreme, unpredictable climatic events.

Furthermore, investing in climate strategies now is far cheaper than

continuing to avoid doing so, as climate change actions will become

more costly over time for the economy.

Focusing on a robust climate change vision will protect Gauteng from

the poverty implications of climate change, strengthening vulnerable

groups’ access to economic and livelihood opportunities. Market-based

instruments around climate change will position Gauteng amongst the

leading low-carbon markets, benefitting from investment in the

Province’s cleaner industries, and create more resilient, less wasteful

municipal revenue streams.“ (GDED , Green Strat Progr for Gauteng,

August 2011)34

LESSONS LEARNT- MANAGEMENT

• Lead by example – show your team how things could

be done better or more effectively by doing the task

together

• Reduce number of meetings – rather request

comments

• Use skype for meetings, consultation and training

• Motivate to “green” government policies:

1. Same subsidy for car and for fuel, independent of size

2. Housing subsidy for “green” houses

3. Do not “punish” officials that do not use their mileage

35

LESSONS LEARNT- TRAINING

• Apply concept of mentorship and “shadowing” for your team, including high level meetings

• Attending of workshops provides minimal training unless includes some practical sessions/homework

• Encourage long term study such as UNISA rather than R1000/day intensive few days courses

• Use strategic projects and campaigns as learning opportunities

• Maximise joint projects with other organisations for training and better “buy in” and ownership of outcomes

36

THANK YOU FOR YOUR

KIND ATTENTION

For questions/queries contact

Rina Taviv at rina.taviv@gauteng.gov.za

011 355-1989