Progress towards the ERLP at Daresbury
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Transcript of Progress towards the ERLP at Daresbury
Neil Bliss ESLS Workshop 15 - 16th Nov 04
Progress towards the ERLP at Daresbury
Neil Bliss
ESLS Workshop 15-16th November 2004
Neil Bliss ESLS Workshop 15 - 16th Nov 04
Contents
• Aims & Objectives of Project
• Timescales
• Collaborations
• Technical priorities
• Progress on Design & Construction
• Funding Opportunities
• Acknowledgements
Neil Bliss ESLS Workshop 15 - 16th Nov 04
Research, Development and Design
• Timescale April 03 – March 07• £14 million• Project Manager – Professor Elaine Seddon• Project Sponsor – Professor Colin Whitehouse, Director of Daresbury Laboratory
Four years of funding for the research, development and design work needed to address the key challenges of the 4GLS facility.
establish and operate 4GLS ERL prototype facility
undertake 4GLS underpinning physics studies
collaborate where other international efforts are directed at addressing problems of common interest
Aims: To enable the development of core skills and to gain ‘hands on’ experience to meet the 4GLS challenge
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4GLS: The Vision
A world-leading synchrotron radiation facility to enable internationally outstanding science
by the ‘low-energy’ community in the UK
4GLS combines, for the first time, superconducting ERL, SR and FEL technology in a multi-source facility
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Timescales
Case prepared for 4GLS Investment Decision
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Funded*
Not yet funded
Timescales
Case prepared for 4GLS Investment Decision
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• Answer key questions defining layout Dec 04– FEL layout options– 180 Bend– Beamline layouts
• Engineering Layouts start Jan 05• Further questions resolved Mar 05
– Switching– High current operation
Timescales
Neil Bliss ESLS Workshop 15 - 16th Nov 04
• 4GLS User Meeting April 05• First review of costs July 05• Detailed design for CDR April 05 to Nov
05• Revise Layout & Costs Dec 05• Produce Project Plan Jan 06• Produce CDR Document Feb 06• CDR Published end Feb 06• TDR to follow …
Timescales
Neil Bliss ESLS Workshop 15 - 16th Nov 04
In October John Wood signed MoUs with SLAC Jefferson Laboratory
The agreements cover a broad spectrum of activities from accelerator studies through fast pulse diagnostics to scientific exploitation of FEL sources.
Already have links with DESYLinks with FZ Rossendorf (ELBE) developinge2v
Collaborations
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Technical Priorities for the ERL Prototype
1. Demonstrate energy recovery
2. Operate a superconducting linac
3. Produce and maintain bright electron bunches from a photo-gun
4. Produce short electron bunches from a compressor
5. Demonstrate energy recovery with an insertion device that significantly disrupts the electron beam
6. Have an FEL activity that is suitable for the synchronisation needs
7. Produce simultaneous photon pulses from a laser and a photon source of the ERL Prototype that are synchronised at or below the 1ps level
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Parameters
• Nominal Gun Energy 350keV• Booster Energy Gain 8 MeV• Injector Energy 8.35 MeV• Linac Energy Gain 26.65 MeV• Circulating Beam Energy 35 MeV• Linac RF Frequency 1.3GHz• Bunch Duty Factor-1 16• Bunch Repetition Rate 81.25 MHz• Bunch Spacing 12.3 nS• Max Bunch Charge 80 pC• Particles per Bunch 5 E+08
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Parameters at long Pulse mode
• Average Current 13 mA• Peak Current 6.5 mA• Average Power at Injector Energy108.6 W• Average Power at Full Energy 455 W• Peak Power at Injector Energy 54.3 kW• Peak Power at Full Energy 227.5 kW
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ERLP Building Layout
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Accelerator Layout
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1
2
3
4
Booster to FEL
Elegant
FEL to Dump
Elegant
FEL Interaction
GENESIS
8.35/35MeV 35/8.35 MeV250k particles
Gun to Booster
ASTRA
0 to 8.35MeV250k particles 250k particles106 particles
First case of modelling an ERL together with a FEL and energy recovery
Start-to-end Simulations
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ERLP output
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ERL Prototype Photoinjector
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LASER ROOM
ACCELERATORHALL
Shield wall
Optical Table
DC GunBased on
Jlab design
Commercial 500kV(350kV)8mA DC Power Supply(Glassman Europe)Power supply and gun enveloped by 0.8 Bar SF6 environment
Booster Cavity
Laser Beam Transport System
ERL Prototype Photoinjector
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Cathode material Cs:GaAs
Electron bunch charge 80 pC
Bunch length 20 ps
Bunch repetition rate 81.25 MHz
Pulse train length 1 bunch and 20-100 s
Pulse train repetition rate Single shot and 1-20 Hz
Cathode efficiency 1 %
Laser wavelength 532 nm
Laser pulse energy at cathode
20 nJ
Average power at cathode <4 mW
Pulse length <20 ps
Beam diameter at cathode 2-6 mm (FWHM)
Nd:Vanadate Laser material
- -
- -
81.25 MHz Pulse repetition rate
- -
Cw mode-locked Pulse train rep. rate
- -
1064 / 532 nm Laser wavelength
61.5 nJ532nm output energy per
pulse
5 W Average power
7 ps Pulse length (FWHM)
0.6 mm Beam diameter output
Laser
The commercial solutionRequirements
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Laser System Layout
Cho
pper
f=1750mm
laserf=610mm
2
f=762mm
f=793mm1102mm
1846.06mm
1802mm 290
.94
mm
Shu
tterP
ocke
lscel
lA
naly
ser
Diagnostics
Dia
gnos
tics
Cho
pper
f=1750mm
laserf=610mm
2
f=762mm
f=793mm1102mm
1846.06mm
1802mm 290
.94
mm
Shu
tter
/2 plate
Poc
kelsc
ell
Ana
lyse
r
Diagnostics
Dia
gnos
tics
Plan View Schematic of Optical Table Layout
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2-6 mm beam size on the cathode
Gaussian on day 1
Flat top in later phase
Beam Transport System
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ChopperChopper• To generate 60-140 s long trains of pulses
with 100 Hz repetition rate• To decrease the thermal load on the electro-optic
modulator (Pockels cell)
Mechanical shutterMechanical shutter• To select pulsetrains with 1-20 Hz• To decrease the thermal load on the Pockels cell
PockelsPockels cellcell•To clean up the rising and falling edges•To select down to single pulse
Pulse Structure
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Light Box
Cathode
Vacuum Valve
Light Box
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Gun Assembly
XHV
Ceramic
Cathode SF6Vessel removed
Cathode ball
Stem
Electrons
laser
Anode Plate
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Ceramic
• Controlled Resistivity Ceramic – WESGO
• Surface Resistivity 105 -1013 W/sq• Surface Resistivity 1010 -1012 W/sq• Dielectric Strength 27 DC kV/mm• Colour Black• Material Al970CD• Delivery End of Jan 05• Cost £36K
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Buncher Cavity
FZ Rossendorf DesignBuncher cavity being manufactured by Vacuum Generators UK, available for testing end of November 04.
70 mm
• Single Cell• 1.3 GHz• Longitudinal bunch
compression• No Acceleration• Zero-phase crossing angle
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Booster & Linac Modules
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Liquid helium vessel 2 K
Helium transfer line
Accelerating module
100 W Shield at 80 K
FZ Rossendorf Module
Booster & Linac Modules
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Booster & Linac Modules
ELBE Type Cryostat with dual Tesla Linac Sections
Order placed in March 04 – on Accel
• FZ Rossendorf Module – two TESLA cavities
• Energy Gain 26.65 MeV
• Independent control of Qext
• Independent control of cavity phase
• Delivery of module 1 (booster) due 28/11/05
• Delivery of module 2 (linac) due 6/3/06
• Cost £1.7m
Tesla 9-cell cavity
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Cryogenics
StaticDuty
Dynamic
Duty
TotalDuty
Time Averaged
TOTAL SYSTEM
Cavities 45.1 161.3 206.4 litres / hour
Main transfer lines 24.4 24.4 litres / hour
Other equipment 12.8 12.8 litres / hour
Total consumption 82.3 161.3 243.6 109 litres / hour
1650 974 2620 litres / day
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Cryogenics
Order placed on Linde (TCF50)
• Delivery due in May 05
• Cost £1.26m
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Inductive Output Tubes
• Higher frequency than standard IOT
– High Frequency IOT – 1.3GHz & 1.5GHz
• Cathode - grid transit time effects
– Grid gap required – 0.125mm
– Standard IOT – 0.18mm
– Grid process capability
– Cathode – grid gap setting
• Integral output cavity
– Ability to set / maintain the required frequency
RF to be supplied by IOTs that are being developed by the RF group in collaboration with e2v
50KV DC Power supply commissionedIOT’s available Now
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IOT 116LS Test Results
Frequency 1.2986 1.2986 1.2986 GHzBeam Voltage 24.9 24.9 27.7 kVBeam Current 0.91 0.84 1.1 AGrid Voltage -104 -122 -109 VDrive Power 220 260 260 WOutput Power 12.4 12.4 16.3 kW-1dB bandwidth 2.4 2.4 3.6 MHz-3dB bandwidth 4.4 4.8 5.7 MHzEfficiency 54.7 59.3 53.5 %Gain 17.5 16.8 18.0 dB
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Magnets
• Being procured on a Performance Based Specification
• Preliminary modelling has taken place with FEA codes; minimal engineering design
• Field quality is responsibility of supplier. Magnets accepted on basis of magnetic measurements
• Large quantity (40%) of the magnets being loaned from JLAB
• 66 magnets in total required, 39 to procure• 9 Dipoles• 26 Quadrupoles• 4 Sextupoles
• + 28 H/V Correctors• Tender Notice published OJEU 16th September• Return Date 3rd November• Bids received from 3 companies• Currently evaluating bids• Contract cost approx. £350K• Two delivery stages planned
– Stage 1 (TL2) end of May 05– Stage 2 (Arcs & Dump) end of July 05
Dipole A Good field:+/- 1x10-4 over +/- 33mm
Quad D Good gradient:+/- 1x10-3 over +/- 42.5mm
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ERLP Layout
New Magnets (39 off) JLAB Magnets (27 off)
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Power Converter Ratings & Performance
Family Numberof
magnets
RatedVoltage(Volts)
RatedCurrent(Amps)
Dipole A 3 20 10
Dipole B 4 6.3 40
Dipole C 2 5.75 40
Dipole D 6 20 75
Dipole E 4 7.5 90
Quad A 8 8 5
Quad B/C 16 18 10
Quad D 12 12 10
Quad E 3 16.6 20
Quad F 4 12 5
Sext A 4 12 5
Total 66 Plus 28 Bipolar Corrector power converters.
• Quantity - All 66 magnets are individually powered.
• Unipolar – Dipoles fitted with changeover circuit.
• Interface – Remotely operated with analogue control.
• Standardisation – Magnet ratings matched to reduce converter spares.
• Operating range - 0 to 100% rated O/P current.
• Stability - ± 100 ppm long term, measured at ± 20ppm over 4 hrs.
• Reproducibility - ± 200 ppm over a 24 hr period.
• Resolution – 16 bit (15ppm)
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Beam position monitor (¾ )- beam position- longitudinal bunch structure- current measurement- beam loss reference
measurement.Unit A: H& V Slits/ pepper pot/
viewer- beam size directly - emittance measurement. Transverse kicker cavity- longitudinal characterisation of
the beam.Analyser magnet- energy and energy spread
Units B: Viewer and vertical slit- emittance - image the beam- energy spread measurement.Unit C/E: Viewers- energy spread measurements- emittance measurements at the
position of the first accelerating cell
Faraday Cup- temporal structure of the pulse- total charge in the pulse- energy and energy spread
Diagnostics Summary
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Diagnostics Summary
• 14 Optical Transition Radiation (OTR’s) Beam Viewers
• 3 Florescent Screens (YAG’s)• Stripline EBPM 14 locations• Button EBPM 12 locations• Faraday Cup (in TL 2)• Total Current Monitor• Electro–optic sampling monitor
OTR
Al foil
Beam impedance screen
Pneumatic operated mechanism
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Stripline EBPM / Corrector coils
Section
Corrector Coils
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Arc EBPM
EBPMs
Arc Dipole Magnet
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Building Work Progress
• Renovation of old SF6 tanks for gaseous He
• Laser room approaching completion
• Ventilation system for control and diagnostics rooms being installed
• Rack room well advanced
• Bulk internal shielding complete (more than 2000 tonnes of concrete moved)
• Plinths for external labyrinths laid
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Laser & Diagnostics Rooms
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Assembly Building
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Magnet Test Room
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Module 1 - Transfer Line 2
Girder
Support PedestalIon Pump
Quadrupole Magnet OTR
Corrector Coil and EBPM Assembly
Dipole Magnet
Lifting Points
• Modular
• Majority of vacuum joints made in clean room
• Services can be fitted
• Modules can be built in parallel
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Module 4 - Injection Chicane
Injection Chicane VesselCamera
Tube
DV Magnet DU Magnet
OTR
Ion Pump
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Module 16 - Compression Chicane
Bolt on castors for use in assembly
area
Port for OTR
Compression Chicane Chamber
Dipole Magnet DWQuadrupole Magnet
Chamber Support
Magnet Support
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Assembly Philosophy, Supports and Adjustment Systems
This philosophy ensures that the magnetic centres of all the magnets are accurately positioned with respect to each other.
1st position the Magnets in their modules in the assembly building.
4 survey points per magnetPosition of survey points to magnetic centre accurately known.
2nd Locate and drill pedestals in the Tower – position not critical
3rd Survey modules into position in the towerSurvey grid as global reference4 survey points per girder
Magnet Adjustment
Survey points
Girder adjustment
Pedestal
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Survey Equipment
Faro Laser Tracker
Repeatability 1m +1 m /m
Accuracy 10 m + 0.8 m /m
Uncertainty ≈ 10 m /m
Portable
Robust
Spatial Analyzer Metrology Software
Error Simulations
Multiple instruments/types
Automation
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± 0.05 mR/m measuring length± 0.5 mR for 150 mm long quadrupoles
Yaw
Roll± 0.2 mR
Pitch
± 2.5 mm± 0.5 mmY
± 0.5 mm± 0.1 mmTransverse X, Z
Globalwithin ± 15m
Local zonewithin ± 2.5m
ERLP Positional Tolerances
Y X
ZYaw
Pitch
Roll
Co-ordinate System
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ERLP – 1st Grid Simulation
1st Simulation of proposed reference grid in SA
76 Grid reference points
40 Instrument positions
Each point measured by a minimum of 3 instruments
Faro Tracker
Grid reference points
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ERLP – Simulation Results
Most points can be surveyed to within +/- 50 m
Worst point within +/- 82 m
Instruments reference multiple points, worst Instrument position +/-13 m
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Vacuum Vessels Arc
Dipole chambers
OTR chambers
Straight chambers
Taper transition
Bellows
OTR chambers
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Rectangular to Circular Transition
Taper
Arc rectangular aperture80 mm hor. X 42 mm vert.
Bellows circular cross-sectionDiameter 50 mm - NO RF SCREENING
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General Considerations
• Build up of contaminant layers on optically-reflecting surfaces.
• Cryodeposition of contaminant layers on the cold surfaces of superconducting cavities
• System particles by:
– using low particle production components
– particle control measures during preparation and installation.
To minimise the following:
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Class 100 (ISO 5) Clean Room
LASAIR II Model 310/510Particle sizing sensitivities from 0.3 – 25 microns
Clean Room Monitoring
LASAIR II Model 110Particle sizing sensitivities from 0.1 – 5 microns
Vacuum Chamber Monitoring
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ERLP Vacuum Regions
Region Pressure/mbar Pumps Diagnostic
Gun 1x10-11 IONP/NEG EXT/RGA
TL1 1x10-10 IONP/NEG IMG/RGA
Booster 1x10-10 Cryo/IONP IMG/RGA
TL2/BTS 5x10-8 IONP PENG/RGA
Linac 1x10-10 Cryo/IONP IMG/RGA
OCFM 5x10-8 IONP* PENG*
OCBM 5x10-8 IONP* PENG*
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Example Pressure Profile
•Numerical Method Using MathCad and/or Molflow to Generate Pressure Profiles
–Input data includes dimensions and vacuum surface performance
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Control System - Options
• SRS control system (based on CERN ISOLDE)
• Very familiar design and techniques
• Re-use of some hardware and software from SRS
• Not supported outside of DL
• EPICS – DL work on DIAMOND
• Specifically designed for accelerator control systems
• free and widely supported (used at JLAB)
• Can re-use designs and systems developed for Diamond
• SCADA (several systems)
• Quick and easy to get going
• Expensive licensing
• More suited to process control applications & standalone systems
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Control System - Overview
•The control system will use EPICS, VME and PC Consoles
•Re-use designs already developed for SRS and Diamond
•Limit control and monitoring of devices to a minimum
•Ensure maximum flexibility and low development cost
•Combine general control system with stand-alone and proprietary systems where necessary
ClientOperator Interface
LAN
ServerInput Output Controllers
Equipment Being Controlled
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EU funding to help support the underpinning physics studies…
EUROFEL, FP6 Design Studies Call, awarded, EU 9 M single pan European FEL bid on underpinning technical activities (top in Peer Review)
North West Science Fund…. £4 M outline bid successful: detailed bid submitted Sept 17th
Hope to hear in Dec 2004
Current Funding Opportunities
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NW Science Fund bid: £4.036M
If funded:
• 3 year programme starting 2005
• X-ray generation by Thomson scattering
• Laser-SR synergy
• THz and tissue culture facility
Other things were considered but were rejected – disruption to ERLP too great
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Acknowledgments
• All the team working on the Project• 4GLS IAC• Collaborators
e-mail [email protected]://www.4gls.ac.uk