Prof. Santosh Kumar National Institute of Disaster ...€¦ · 20/03/2012 · Prof. Santosh Kumar...
Transcript of Prof. Santosh Kumar National Institute of Disaster ...€¦ · 20/03/2012 · Prof. Santosh Kumar...
Prof. Santosh KumarNational Institute of Disaster Management
III, Mumbai 20.03.2012
Reality CheckIndia’s exposure to hazard is very high High exposure does not always mean high
l bili b l i d l i vulnerability but slow capacity development process is inadequate to cope with the risksAnd hence vulnerability is very high and the And, hence vulnerability is very high and the frequency of catastrophic events have gone up in last two decades.Risk is dynamic. With increasing human population and risk friendly or mitigation blind development i f ki i i infrastructure making situation worse
Disaster Impact More than 360 natural disasters have been recorded over the past 35 years and the reported event frequency has been increasing over the period has been increasing over the period. Within the last five years of the 21st century, various natural disasters claimed nearly 30 thousand lives and natural disasters claimed nearly 30 thousand lives and 247,480 thousand got affected.The reported direct losses on public and private p p peconomic infrastructure in India have amounted to around $30 billion over the past 35 years.
Financing Emergency Relief Calamity Relief Fund with the state / district National Calamity Contingency Fund‐ fredralBilateral support PM Relief FundCM Relief FundFunds Raised by the CommunityUN and Other INGO support
Disaster Funding in IndiaThe responsibility for disaster funding in the aftermath of a natural catastrophe has been shared by the state and central governmentsthe state and central governments.While the affected state manages the relief work and reconstruction efforts the central government reconstruction efforts, the central government provides financial supportThe current funding is a reactive responsive to each g pevent. However, Act 2005 has made provision of ex‐ante funding as Mitigation fund but yet to be formulatedformulated.
CRF actual expenditure 2001‐07Year Rs. in Crores2000 ‐2001 3878.452001 ‐2002 5012.12002 ‐2003 4168.182003‐2004 4658.162004 ‐2005 5568.142005 ‐2006 8572.462006 ‐2007 7899.45T l 66Total 39766.94
Details of releases from National Calamity Contingency Fund (NCCF)
YEAR R I C YEAR Rs. In Crore
2000‐01 924.212002 02 1368 68 2002‐02 1368.68 2002‐03 1600.002003‐04 1587.422004‐05 2583.122005‐06 3061.442006‐07 1962.052006 07 1962.052007‐08 (till date) 283.96
Total 13370 .88
Phases of Recovery
Recovery processes focusing on livelihoods/assetre‐establishment and reducing vulnerabilities, are facilitatedformally and informally through relief efforts, but are left, partiallyUn‐addressed when insufficient attention and funds are given
Scale R l dGAP
Scale of unmet needs
Relief efforts Recovery processes are acceleratedAnd completed through the launch of
Recovery slows aroundthe time that Relief effortsCease and before Reconstruction And development starts
focusing onsaving and preserving lives
And completed through the launch of A follow or appeal
1/4 E.g. 3 E.g. 6. E.g. 12 E.g. 18
Disaster occurs Flash AppealFollow on Appeal
End of Relief period
Long termRecovery starts
End of earlyRecoveryperiod
Month
Funding gap from immediate recovery , relief to long term recovery
immediate relief medium & long term recovery
Some additionaltiesLoan waive off in the drought prone areas of Rs. 65000 croreG i Aid Grant in Aid Bilateral support PM R li f F dPM Relief FundCM Relief FundDi i f d l t F dDiversion of development FundFunds Raised by the CommunityUN and Other INGO supportUN and Other INGO support
Comprehensive Risk Management
RI EMERISK ANA
RISKASSESSME
INSTITUTIONS
EMERGENCY PREP
RISK FINANCING AND A
NYSIS
SSMENT
BUILDING
AREDNESS
AND TRANSFER
Policy IssuesDo we have Insurance as an alternative Status of ex‐ante alternativeGovt role in Making Cat‐ Insurance as mandatoryMonitoring of compensationIn what condition Insurance claim will become operativeTh t f i t th d th t The cost of premium to the poor and the most vulnerables.Monitoring & institutional mechanism for Cat‐ netMonitoring & institutional mechanism for Cat net
Market ReadinessConsumer friendly products in the absence of MitigationR di f h i iReadiness of the insurance companiesIssues of Re‐InsuranceP i f IPenetration of InsuranceMechanism foe incentivizing InsuranceCh ll f t f l i i tiChallenges of payment of claims in timeMultiple hazard base products