Production and Operation PlanA. Technical Description

I. Embalming - is the funeral custom of cleansing and disinfecting bodies after death. As far back as the ancient Egyptians, people have used oils, herbs and special body preparations to help preserve the bodies of their dead. Modern embalming now consists primarily of removing all blood and gases from the body and the insertion of a disinfecting fluid. Small incisions are made in either the carotid or femoral artery and the jugular or femoral vein; the disinfecting fluid is injected through the carotid or femoral artery, and the blood is drained from the jugular or femoral vein. If an autopsy is being performed, the vital organs are removed and immersed in an embalming fluid, and then replaced in the body, often surrounded by a preservative powder. If an autopsy is not performed, the embalmer aspirates fluids out of the body cavity by making a small incision near the navel and aspirating the bodily fluids.

II. Cremation - is the use of high-temperature burning, vaporization, and oxidation to reduce dead animal or human bodies to basicchemical compounds, such as gases and mineral fragments retaining the appearance of dry bone.[1]Cremation may serve as a funeral or post-funeral rite that is an alternative to the interment of an intact dead body in acoffinor casket. Cremated remains, which do not constitute a health risk, may be buried or interred in memorial sites or cemeteries, or they may be retained by relatives and dispersed in various ways. Cremation is not an alternative to a funeral, but rather an alternative toburialor other forms ofdisposal.

B. Production / Operation Process

I. Embalming ProcessPart 1. Preparing the Body

I. Make sure the body is face up. If the body is front-side down, gravity will pull the blood down to the lowest parts of the body, particularly the face. This can discolor and bloat the facial features, making it more difficult to create a like-like appearance for the viewing.II. Remove any clothing that the person is wearing. You will need to see the skin for signs that embalming is working, so the body will remain uncovered throughout the procedure. Also remove any IV needles or catheters that are in place.

Typically, youll need to catalog any property found on the person, as well as any cuts, bruises, or other discolorations at this time on your embalming report. This will be used to documents the procedure and chemicals used in the process. The reports acts as insurance if the family chooses to sue the funeral home for any reason. Respect the body at all times. Use a sheet or towel to cover the genitals, and dont leave tools laying around on it while youre working. Assume the family may pop in at any moment.

III. Disinfect the mouth, eyes, nose, and other orifices. Powerful disinfectant is used to clean the features, inside and out.

Inspect the deceased in regards to the type of fluid you will need. Some embalmers will use this opportunity to mix all the fluid theyll need for the procedure, to get it ready. Usually 16 ounces of fluid with 2 gallons of water is a good dilution.

IV. Shave the body.Typically the face is shaved at this point, as you would shave yourself. Men are usually always shaved, though women and children are also often shaved to remove any stray hairs or "peach fuzz" from the face.

V. Break the rigor mortis by massaging the body.Massage the major muscles groups to relieve the tension and move stiff joints to loosen them up. If the muscles are tight, they will increase extra vascular pressure, diverting embalming fluid away from where it needs to go.

Part 2. Setting the Features

I. Close the eyes.Use great care in setting the eyes. Typically, the eyelids tend to sag back in its socket, so a small piece of cotton is placed between the lid and the eye to round it out. In some cases, a plastic eye cap is used for this purpose.

Eyelids are never sewn shut but may be glued shut in some cases. The features need to be set before the embalming fluid is introduced, because thatfluid will "set" the body fairly rigidly, making it difficult to do it afterward.

II. Close the mouth and set it naturally.One of two methods is typically used to set the mouth.

Sometimes, the mouth is sewn shut using suture string, passing a curved needle through the jaw under the gums and back up through the septum. Avoid tying the string too tightly to give the jaw line a natural appearance. An injector gun is also commonly used in conjunction with a mouth form. Like a mouth guard or a dental prosthetic, the mouth form holds the jaw together according to the natural bite and alignment of the jaw. This method often includes less room for human error.

III. Moisturize the features.A small amount of creme should be used on the eyelids and lips to keep them from drying out, giving them a natural and lifelike appearance.Part 3. Embalming the Arteries

I. Choose your incision site.The arteries are embalmed by simultaneously introducing embalming fluid (a mixture of formaldehyde, other chemicals, and water) into an artery while draining the blood from a nearby vein or from the heart. It takes about two gallons of fluid to embalm a typical body.

On men, the incision is made near the base of the SCM muscle and the clavicle. For females or younger people, the femoral site is most popular.

II. Make your incision.Clean the vein point off, create an entrance point, and insert the drain tube towards the heart. Tie a ligature around the lower side of the tube.

Do the same for the artery except insert the cannula instead of a drain tube. Place the cannula forceps on the artery locking the cannula in place. Use the small locking forceps to clamp off the upper side of the artery and restrict the flow.

III. Turn on your embalming machine and distribute the fluid.While the embalming is taking place, wash the body with a good germicidal/antibacterial soap and be sure to check for drainage while massaging the limbs to push blood out and embalming solution in.

When the fluid enters the arteries, pressure will build throughout the veins, which means the fluid is moving throughout the body. You'll notice the veins bulging somewhat. Open the jugular drain tube periodically to allow blood to escape and relieve the pressure.

IV. Slowly decrease the pressure.When you have about 20% of your solution left, turn off the machine and reverse your canula to the other side of the artery you chose to inject. This will embalm the part that was blocked by the canula previously. Be sure to turn down the pressure, as the fluid only has to go a short distance, and you don't want to "pop the eyes."

In the case of the femoral, this will embalm the lower leg. In the case of the right common carotid, this will embalm the right side of the head.

V. Finish.When you've embalmed to your satisfaction, or run out of fluid, turn off the machine, remove the canula, and tie off the veins and arteries you used. Suture the incisions closed. Use sealing powder to ensure there is no leakage.

Part 4. Embalming the Cavity

I. Use a trocar to aspirate the organs.Now that the arteries have been cleaned, you need to clean the inside of the organs before bacteria and gas builds up and excess fluids purge from the nose or mouth.

II. Aspirate the chest cavity.Insert the trocar 2 inches to the right and 2 inches superior to the umbilicus. Clean out the hollow organs such as the stomach, pancreas, and small intestine.

III. Aspirate the lower cavity.Remove the trocar, turn it around, and insert it into the lower body, aspirating the contents of the large intestine, bladder, and in the case of females, the uterus. The anus and vagina are sometimes packed with cotton to avoid seepage.

IV. Inject cavity fluid into the torso.Cavity fluid is usually 30% formaldehyde, and the gravity injection method is typically used to push the cavity fluid into the hollow organs, sterilizing and preserving them.

Make sure you get both the upper and lower organs. This step is crucial in preventing "purge."

V. Remove the trocar and close the hole with a trocar screw.Clean out your trocar and put it away.

Part 5. Casketing the BodyI. Wash the body thoroughly.Using the same disinfectant used earlier, clean the body thoroughly to remove any blood or other chemicals left behind by the embalming process. Use delicacy and care in this process.II. Touch up the features.Lifelike makeup will be applied to the face, the fingernails will be clipped, and the hair should be styled and groomed.III. Dress the body.Generally, the deceased's family will choose the clothes to be worn in the casket. Dress the body carefully and appropriately.

Sometimes plastic underwear is used to protect especially leaky bodies.

IV. Place the body in the casket.Arrange the body peacefully. Consult the family for any advice or further instructions regarding the presentation.

I. Cremation Process

A. All cremations are performed individually. Exceptions can be made only in the case of close relatives, and then only with the prior written instructions of the authorizing agent(s) and only if the state/provincial or local laws allow this.

B. The cremation process begins with the placement of the casket/container in the cremation chamber where it's subjected to intense heat and flame reaching temperatures between 1,400 and 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit. All substances are consumed except bone fragments (calcium compounds) and any non-combustible materials, such as jewelry, dental gold, prosthesis, latches, hinges, etc., that were not removed prior to cremation as the temperature is not sufficient to consume them.

C. During the cremation process, it may be necessary to open the cremation chamber and reposition the deceased in order to facilitate a complete and thorough cremation.

D. The time for cremation to be completed varies with the size and weight of each human remains, but usually takes between 1 1/2 and 3 hours.

E. Following a cooling period, the cremated remains are then swept or raked from the cremation chamber. Every effort is made to remove all human remains. However, a small residue may remain in the cremation chamber, resulting in incidental commingling with other cremated remains.

F. After the cremated remains are removed from the cremation chamber, all non-combustible materials that have not been removed prior to cremation will be separated and removed from the bone fragments by visible or magnetic selection and will be disposed of by the crematory in a non-recoverable manner.

G. Once the bone fragments have been separated from the other material, they may be further processed to reduce the size of the bone fragments to uniform particles.

H. Cremated remains, depending on the bone structure of the decedent, will weigh between three and nine pounds, and are usually white in color, but can be other colors due to temperature variations and other factors.

I. The crematory should be provided with an urn in which the cremated remains will be placed. If no urn is provided or the urn is not large enough to hold all the remains, the crematory will place the remains or any excess in a container made of plastic, light metal, cardboard, unfinished wood, or other suitable material to hold the remains until an urn is acquired or the cremated remains are scattered.II. Duration Per Step (Embalming)DescriptionTime (Mins)Embalming remarks

Preparing the Body: Make sure the body face up. Remove any clothing that the person is wearing. Disinfect the mouth, eyes, nose and others orifices. Shave the body. Break the rigor mortis by massaging the body.

20 Minutes

Setting the Features: Close the eyes. Close the mouth and set it naturally. Moisturize the features.

15 Minutes

Embalming the Arteries: Choose your incision site. Make your incision. Turn on your embalming machine and distribute the fluid. Slowly decrease the pressure. Finish.

30 Minutes

Embalming the Cavity: Use a trocar to aspirate the organs. Aspirate the chest cavity. Aspirate the lower cavity. Inject cavity fluid into the torso. Remove the trocar and close the hole with a trocar screw.

20 Minutes

Casketing the Body: Wash the body thoroughly. Touch up the features. Dress the body Place the body in the casket.

15 Minutes

III. Duration per Step (Cremation)DescriptionTime (Minutes)Cremation remarks

All cremations are performed individually.15 MInutes

The cremation process begins with the placement of the casket/container in the cremation chamber where it's subjected to intense heat and flame reaching temperatures between 1,400 and 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit. All substances are consumed except bone fragments (calcium compounds) and any non-combustible materials, such as jewelry, dental gold

180 Minutes

During the cremation process, it may be necessary to open the cremation chamber and reposition the deceased in order to facilitate a complete and thorough cremation.

The time for cremation to be completed varies with the size and weight of each human remains, but usually takes between 1 1/2 and 3 hours.

Following a cooling period, the cremated remains are then swept or raked from the cremation chamber.

30 Minutes

After the cremated remains are removed from the cremation chamber, all non-combustible materials that have not been removed prior to cremation will be separated and removed from the bone fragments by visible or magnetic selection and will be disposed of by the crematory in a non-recoverable manner.

10 Minutes

Once the bone fragments have been separated from the other material, they may be further processed to reduce the size of the bone fragments to uniform particles.

60 Minutes

Cremated remains, depending on the bone structure of the decedent, will weigh between three and nine pounds, and are usually white in color, but can be other colors due to temperature variations and other factors.

The crematory should be provided with an urn in which the cremated remains will be placed. If no urn is provided or the urn is not large enough to hold all the remains, the crematory will place the remains or any excess in a container made of plastic, light metal, cardboard, unfinished wood, or other suitable material to hold the remains until an urn is acquired or the cremated remains are scattered.

C. Production Schedule

I. Monthly Schedule

MonthWeekTotal Units Produced

Jan-DecWeek 121

Week 2 21

Week 321

Week 421

Total Number of Units Produced Monthly Units 84

D. Labor requirement

EmployeeMonTuesWedThursFriSatSun

Funeral Director8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8hrs8hrs8 hrs

Embalmer (On-call)8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs

Driver8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs

Maintenance8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs8 hrs

Security Guard12hrs12 hrs12 hrs12 hrs12 hrs12 hrs12 hrs

E. Machinery and Equipment requirementEmbalming Chemicals:Chemicals:Description:Price:

Arterial Fluid Arthyl 24

Provides a very natural coloration to skin tissue.

Applies to all cases, provides excellent preservation.Fluid with thorough tissue impregnation and saturation.

P225.00 per 1L

Arterial Fluid Arthyl 25

Provides excellent tissue saturation.Anti-microbial properties including fungicidal and virucidal activity.

P225.00 per 1L

Pre and Co-Injection Fluid Softyl

Used in co-injection with the entire Arthyl range.Increases tissue penetration and softens calcareous deposits, thus improving drainage.Does not contain formaldehyde.

P225.00 per 1L

Embalming Cosmetics:Cosmetics:Description:Price:

Deep Cleanse Shampoo

This premium quality shampoo is ideal for use in the mortuary.Comes with pump top

P320.00 per 600ml

Professional Hairspray

Salon quality hairspray

P210.00 per 150ml

Disposable Razors

Disposable Razors for use in the mortuary in body preperationP15.00 per Piece

Shaving foam/cream

Quality shaving foamP110.00

Premium Baby Oil

Premium quality baby oilP122.00 per 125ml

Embalming Equipment:Equipment:Description:Price:

Eye Caps

Perforated of Plain eye caps for use in the mortuary.P267.54 24/Pack

Surgical Instrument

Single Use Fine Suture Pack containing the essential instruments required for a large number of fine suturing procedures, manufactured from medical grade surgical stainless steel. Supplied in an easy to open, sterile pack. Contents are wrapped in a sterile field.Kilner Needle Holder 14cm1

Iris Stitch Scissors Straight 11.5cm1

Iris Forceps Toothed 10cm1

Iris Forceps Non-Toothed 10cm1

P800.00 set

Storage Cupboard

Manufactured in 304 quality stainless steel Inset stainless steel basin (390x270x135mm deep) Stainless steel adjustable shelf Magnetic catches on doors 100mm rear up stand Stainless steel adjustable feetLever taps included

P10,000.00

Variable Height Workstation

Manual wind hydraulic height adjustable table Manufactured in 304 grade quality stainless steel Stainless steel feet 700 1000mm height adjustment

600kg maximum load

P5,000.00

Embalming Machine

Constructed with durable motors, magnetic driven pumps, and precision valves and switches. Clean cast bases and glass tanks have stood the test of time while advancing with technology. Each offers maximum flexibility allowing the embalmer to match their style to the needs of the case.P22,000,00

F. Raw materialsEmbalming:Chemicals:Description:Price:

Arterial Fluid Arthyl 24

Provides a very natural coloration to skin tissue.

Applies to all cases, provides excellent preservation.Fluid with thorough tissue impregnation and saturation.

P225.00 per 1L

Arterial Fluid Arthyl 25

Provides excellent tissue saturation.Anti-microbial properties including fungicidal and virucidal activity.

P225.00 per 1L

Pre and Co-Injection Fluid Softyl

Used in co-injection with the entire Arthyl range.Increases tissue penetration and softens calcareous deposits, thus improving drainage.Does not contain formaldehyde.

P225.00 per 1L

Office Equipment:Qty.Tools and EquipmentDescriptionUnit PriceTotal Price

12

Monobloc Chairs185.00PhP2,220.00

3Office Tables2,700.00PhP 8,100.00

3Office Chairs1,300.00PhP 3,900.00

1Conference Office Equipments9,450.00PhP9,450.00

2Fire Extinguisher2,099.00PhP4,198.00

2Filing Cabinets1,300.00PhP2,600.00

3Trash Cans149.50PhP448.50

2Telephone 5,850.00PhP11,700.00

1Fax Machine3,150.00PhP3,150.00

3Computer 19,850.00PhP59,550.00

2Air Conditioner26,955.00PhP53,910.00

2

Wall Clock500.00PhP1000.00

7FluorescentTubes

1,439.00PhP10,073.00

1Time Recorder9,500.00PhP9,500.00

1

Sofa15,600.00PhP15,600.00

2

Emergency Lights9,320.00PhP18,640.00

1

Water Dispenser7,550.00PhP7,550.00

2

Hyundai Starex and Cadillac hearse

3,100,000PhP 3,100,000

G. Plan/ Factory LocationSite Location

1501 C.M Recto Cor. Thomas Mapua Street, Manila Philippines

H. Production and Plan Layout

I. Waste disposal SystemProper garbage disposal has always been a problem in the Philippines, especially in urban places like Metro Manila. This is because waste segregation is not widely practiced. This must start at household level. Another reason is the lack of sanitary landfills which the government is not strictly paying attention to.Waste segregation will be strictly implemented in the Buildings premises.We will dig two separate underground Sewers for our waste and disposal management. One is for biomedical waste. And the other one is for human waste. Before disposing the biomedical waste we need to treat and disinfect the waste before going to the sewer and a small amount of dilute bleach is often subsequently used to disinfect the sink and plumbing.J. Quality Control SystemSilverline Funeral home will be very strict in quality control, because the company aims to provide quality service to our costumer and help them to overcome the feeling of loosing someone they loved. In embalming, they are allowed to watch their love ones being service by our professional and licensed embalmer/mortician but in a separate room with window glass for their health safety, sanitation and for their peace of mind. After a month of the funeral wake, we will send one of our funeral director to conduct a survey and ask if they like our service to them and help them move on in loosing someone they love.

K. Production CostI. Total production per YearYearUnits Serviced

20201008

20211008

20221008

II. Production Cost per UnitRaw MaterialsTotalCost per Unit of MaterialUsage per UnitTotal Costing

Arterial Fluid Arthyl 241 gallon787.51 gallonP787.5

Arterial Fluid Arthyl 251 gallon787.51 gallonP787.5

Pre and Co-Injection Fluid Softyl

1 gallon787.51 gallonP787.5