Production and Evaluation of Genetically Modified Crops John J. Finer hio-state. edu/plantranslab
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Transcript of Production and Evaluation of Genetically Modified Crops John J. Finer hio-state. edu/plantranslab
Production and Evaluation of Genetically Modified Crops
Production and Evaluation of Genetically Modified Crops
John J. Finer
John J. Finer
http://www.oardc.ohio-
state.edu/plantranslab/
http://www.oardc.ohio-
state.edu/plantranslab/
Classical Plant Breeding:Classical Plant Breeding:
Genetic modification following introduction of large amounts of undefined DNA from a genetically similar source.
Genetic modification following introduction of large amounts of undefined DNA from a genetically similar source.
Plant Biotechnology:Plant Biotechnology:
Genetic modification of a plant cell by introduction of defined DNA(s) from a genetically different source.
Genetic modification of a plant cell by introduction of defined DNA(s) from a genetically different source.
Biotechnology: Biotechnology:
Bio = Biology Technology = Application
“The application of Biology”(for the benefit of humans)
Bio = Biology Technology = Application
“The application of Biology”(for the benefit of humans)
Plant Biotechnology:1) Plant Tissue Culture (Cloning)2) DNA introduction (Gene Transfer)
Plant Biotechnology:1) Plant Tissue Culture (Cloning)2) DNA introduction (Gene Transfer)
Oranges?
Strawberries?Potatoes?
Apples?Daffodils?
Cloning
Have you ever eaten/used cloned plants?
Tur
fgra
ss?
Roses?
in Plants
Gene Identification:
GenomicsProteomicsMetabolomics
Herbicide resistance
Insect resistance
Grain quality
Neutrative
Virus resistance
Growth habit
Fungal resistance
stress resistance
Value added
Animal viral vaccines
Protein and O
il
Pharmaceuticals
Flower color
Public Support Varies for Different Applications of Biotechnology
(Includes ALL Countries – N = 35,000)
35
42
55
68
71
73
74
85
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Increase Animal Productivity
Clone Animals (Medicine)
GM Feed (Healthier Meat)
More Nutritious Crops
Crops with Fewer Chems
Bacteria to Clean Waste
Crops to Produce Plastics
New Human Medicines
(Percent Agreement)
Source: Thomas Hoban, North Carolina State University
The Benefits of Using Biotechnology are Greater than the Risks
(35,000 Consumers from 35 Countries)
38
40
44
55
59
60
66
18
37
14
8
16
15
7
44
23
42
37
25
25
27
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Europe (Average)
Russia
Australia
Canada
Latin/South Amer (Ave)
Asia (Average)
United States
Agree Not Sure Disagree
The Benefits of Using Biotechnologyare Greater than the Risks
(European Consumers)
22
22
34
39
41
42
55
24
24
18
25
10
11
8
54
54
48
36
49
47
37
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Greece
France
Italy
Spain
Germany
Great Britain
Netherlands
Agree Not Sure Disagree
Willing to Buy GM Food if More Nutritious (Net = Continue – Not Continue)
1
21
25
31
56
66
-7
-5
-5
1
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Great Britain
Australia
Germany
Mexico
Japan
Canada
USA
Brazil
India
China
Percent Response
“Can you think of any information not currently included on food labels that you would like to see?”
71
913
2
1112
17
75 74 78
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Nothing Ingredients Biotech / GM Other
Pe
rce
nt
Re
sp
on
se
Hoban (10/2000) IFIC (1/2001) IFIC (9/2001)
Perceptions of safety improved when US consumers learn that biotech foods have been
in the stores.
21%
25%
31%
46%
48%
29%
Unsafe Not sure Safe
Do you think genetically modified foods are basically
safe, basically unsafe, or don’t you have an opinion
on this?
Now, as you know, more than half of products in the
grocery store are produced using some form of
biotechnology or genetic modification. Knowing this,
do you think genetically modified foods are basically
safe, basically unsafe, or don’t you have an opinion on
this?January 2001
Source: Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology
“By Eating a Genetically Modified Fruit, a Person’s Genes Could also Be Changed”
1996 - 1998
55
60
62
74
58
38
52
29
61
62
30
25
20
16
24
32
25
32
30
18
15
15
18
10
18
30
23
39
9
20
0 20 40 60 80 100
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Sweden
Netherlands
Italy
Germany
France
Austria
United States
Canada
Percent Response
False (Correct) Don't Know True
Source: Thomas Hoban, North Carolina State University
“Ordinary Tomatoes Do Not Contain Genes, while Genetically Modified Ones Do”
1996 - 1998
40
48
46
51
35
36
32
34
45
52
38
21
24
27
44
20
39
22
45
33
22
31
30
22
21
44
29
44
10
15
0 20 40 60 80 100
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Sweden
Netherlands
Italy
Germany
France
Austria
United States
Canada
Percent Response
False (Correct) Don't Know True
For further information, contact:
John J. FinerDepartment of Horticulture and Crop
ScienceOARDC/The Ohio State University1680 Madison Ave.Wooster, OH 44691Tel: 330-263-3880Fax: 330-263-3887e-mail: [email protected]