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Transcript of ProDDAGE Programme for the Development and Demonstration of Applications for Galileo and EGNOS...
ProDDAGE
Programme for the
Development and
Demonstration of
Applications for Galileo
and EGNOS
Proddage Generic Material
Types of Navigation
• Celestial– The use of the stars, sun and time
to calculate positions
• Radio Navigation– Land based e.g. Loran C– Satellite Based e.g. GPS
History of Satellite Navigation
• TRANSIT / TSIKADA
• DNSS– Timation– System 621B
• NAVSTAR GPS
• GLONASS
GPS
• Multiple series of satellites provide the current constellation
• Newer satellites have better clocks and are able to continue operating automatically without contact from the ground stations
• Continual replenishment of the satellites is ongoing
GPS Current Status
• Full constellation in operation
• Continuing replenishment of old satellites– Some satellites
have lasted well outside of their design life
GLONASS
• Russian global satellite navigation system
• Very similar to GPS concept
• Full Constellation expected in 2007
GLONASS Current Status
• GLONASS programme to continue
• Replenishment of satellites is underway
• Future of the system is assured for military and civilian purposes
GPS / GLONASS
GPS GLONASS
Nominal No. of Satellites 24 24
Operational Satellites (end of 2000)
9 28
Orbital Planes 3 (seperated by 120o)
6 (separated by 60o)
Satellites per orbital plane 8 (equally spaced) 4 (unequally spaced)
Orbital Radius 25510 km 26560km
Inclination of orbital planes 64.8o 55o
Revolution Period ~11h16 ~11h 58 min
Nominal Eccentricity 0 0
Signal Separation Technique FDMA CDMA
Reference System PZ-90 WGS-84
Time Reference UTC (SU) UTC (USNO)
Initial Design Differences
Current Use of Satellite Navigation
• Markets – Aviation– Maritime– Road– Rail– LBS– Professional
ProDDAGE
Programme for the
Development and
Demonstration of
Applications for Galileo
and EGNOS
Space Based Augmentation Systems
Space Based Augmentation Systems
WAAS EGNOS MSAS
Europe - EGNOS
US - WAAS
• Designed for Aviation Industry
• Enhanced Accuracy, Integrity and Continuity
• Initial Operating Capability (IOC) July 2003
Japanese MSAS
India - GAGAN
• GPS and GEO Augmented Navigation
• 1 Geostationary Satellite
• India based GroundReference Stations
• Interoperability with EGNOS, MSAS & WAAS
ProDDAGE
Programme for the
Development and
Demonstration of
Applications for Galileo
and EGNOS
EGNOS
EGNOS
• ESA– System Design– Development– Qualification & Technical Validation
• European Commission– Land User Requirements– Satellite Communications– User Equipment
• EUROCONTROL– Civil Aviation Requirements– Operational Testing and Validation
EGNOS Programme & Schedule
EGNOS System Architecture
Satellites: Geostationary, GPS & GLONASS
Users34 RIMS4 MCC
7 NLES
EGNOS Ground Segment
MCC
RIMS
NLES
EGNOS Measured Accuracies (Sept 5 2004)
• Recorded over a 24h period• Less than 1m horizontal accuracies recorded • Vertical accuracies of 1-2m (well below the 7.6m specification
Lisbon Toulouse Rome Brussels Paris
HNSE
95%1.2m 0.9m 1.1m 0.8m 1.0
VNSE
95%1.7m 1.4m 1.2m 1.7m 1.3
EGNOS Projects
EGNOS SISNeT
EGNOS Message Server
• 24h/24h Archive of EGNOS Messages
• Broadcast messages are stored in hourly text files
• New Possibilities– Evaluation of EGNOS
performance– Assessment of EGNOS at IGS
Sites– Able to post process data with
conventional GPS receivers– Test EGNOS enabled receivers
EGNOS Data Access Service
EGNOS - Extensions
• Initial MRD developed in 1998• New Developments in the GNSS Industry
– Galileo– GPS Modernisation– New Signals– Launch of WAAS
• EGNOS V2 Concept Developed
EGNOS Evolution Plans
• Three EGNOS Versions conceived in 2005-2008
EGNOS v2.1End 2006
EGNOS products over non-GEO data links
(INSPIRE)
Extension to MEDA and East of Europe
Message Type 02 Extension
EGNOS v2.2End 2007
EGNOS MT 28
Extension in Africa
Modernised RIMS receivers
SAR return link
EGNOS v2.3End 2008
L5 standards and L5 GEO broadcast
L1/L5/Galileo enhanced RIMS receivers
Step 1 Step 2
EGNOS & Galileo
• First steps for Europe in the field of satellite navigation
• Precursor to Galileo
• Allows early application development
• Testing of prototype business models and concepts
ProDDAGE
Programme for the
Development and
Demonstration of
Applications for Galileo
and EGNOS
Local Elements
Differential GNSS
GNSS Constellation
Reception of GNSS
Signals at a known point
Calculation of Individual
Range Corrections
Transmission of Range Corrections
to Users
Range Corrections are applied to the ranges received from the satellites to
compute absolute position
Enhanced Positional Accuracy
Baseline up to 1000km
IALA DGNSS Performance
RTK GNSS
GNSS Constellation
Mobile User
Signals Received by Mobile Reference
StationCarrier Phase Observations and Reference Station Position Sent
to Mobile User
Enhanced Positional Accuracy
≈ 1cm
Baseline less than 10km
User computes baseline by resolving differenced
carrier phase ‘ambiguities’
Assisted GNSS
GNSS Constellation
Reception of GNSS Signals
at a Fixed Station
Satellite Ephemeris Data and Satellite
Doppler Measurements
Broadcast of Assistance
Data by Mobile Operator
Use of Assistance Data to Aid Positioning
ProDDAGE
Programme for the
Development and
Demonstration of
Applications for Galileo
and EGNOS
Limitations and Issues with GNSS
Shortfalls & Limitations
• Interference• Jamming• Accuracy• Integrity• Availability• Multipath• Power
Technical Issues
• Geometry– Current Systems– Galileo
Good Geometry Bad Geometry
Operational Issues
• Availability– Blocked Signals
• Urban Areas• Trees• Underground
• Continuity
Safety Issues
• Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
• Ground Integrity Channel (GIC)• Backup Systems• Common Mode
Regulatory Issues
• Applied for GNSS use in safety applications
• MUSSST Study– Methods to authorise for
operational use– Specification of validation
procedures– Safety case approach
Legal Issues
• Privacy Concerns
• Data Protection
• Evidence
• Time Stamping
ProDDAGE
Programme for the
Development and
Demonstration of
Applications for Galileo
and EGNOS
Other Positioning Methods
Other Positioning Methods & Enhancements
• Other methods of positioning that can be combined with GNSS are as follows:– Pseudolites– Terrestrial Radio Navigation– Mobile Telecommunication Positioning– Other Sensors
Pseudolites
• Ground Based “Satellites”
• GPS-like signals
• Provide additional ranges to enhance positioning in difficult operating environments
eLoran (Terrestrial System)
• Alternative Positioning method to GPS
• eLoran incorporates the latest:– Receiver– Antenna– Transmission Technology
• Enhanced systems can now provide accuracies of 8-20m
Mobile Phone Positioning
• For use in the provision of Location Based Services
• Network Based Solutions– PDE– Angle of Arrival– Time of Arrival
• Handset Based Techniques– SIM– E-OTD
Other Systems
• Gyrocompass• Inertial Measurement Units• Magnetometers• Digital Map• Digital Elevation Model• Radar etc.
ProDDAGE
Programme for the
Development and
Demonstration of
Applications for Galileo
and EGNOS
Future Systems
GPS III
• Enhance the overall GPS system
• Continuing development in response to military and civilian needs
• Enhanced Anti-Jam Capabilities
• Improved security, accuracy and reliability
Future GLONASS
• GLONASS K– Integrity– Search and Rescue
• Modernisation of Russian Geodetic Network
• India may become a partner in the future of the GLONASS programme
QZSS
• QZSS will bring
“Value added services for mobile users by combining communications, broadcasting, and positioning.
Nationwide coverage is available since the QZSS is directly overhead.“
Future WAAS
• Next phase planned for 2008
• Increase coverage, continuity and availability
• Additional geostationary satellites to be secured to ensure availability