Problems of Sectional Balancein 1850

Problems of Sectional Balancein 1850

• California statehood.

• Southern “fire-eaters” threateningsecession.

• Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:

• Personal liberty laws

• Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)

• California statehood.

• Southern “fire-eaters” threateningsecession.

• Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:

• Personal liberty laws

• Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)

Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

HarrietBeecherStowe(1811 – 1896)

HarrietBeecherStowe(1811 – 1896)

So this is the lady who started the Civil War.

-- Abraham Lincoln

So this is the lady who started the Civil War.

-- Abraham Lincoln

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

1852

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

1852 Sold 300,000

copies inthe first year.

2 million in a decade!

Sold 300,000 copies inthe first year.

2 million in a decade!

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852

The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]

The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]

• Nativists.

• Anti-Catholics.

• Anti-immigrants.

• Nativists.

• Anti-Catholics.

• Anti-immigrants.

1849 Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.

1849 Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.

1852 Presidential 1852 Presidential ElectionElection

1852 Presidential 1852 Presidential ElectionElection

√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

1852Electio

n Result

s

1852Electio

n Result

s

Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

“Bleeding Kansas”“Bleeding Kansas”

Border “Ruffians”

(pro-slavery

Missourians)

Border “Ruffians”

(pro-slavery

Missourians)

“The Crime Against Kansas”

“The Crime Against Kansas”

Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA)

Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA)

Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)

Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

• Was the Compromise of 1850 a wise effort to balance sectional Was the Compromise of 1850 a wise effort to balance sectional differences or a futile attempt to push the slavery issue out of differences or a futile attempt to push the slavery issue out of sight?sight?

• Why did the North so strongly resent the Fugitive Slave Law, and Why did the North so strongly resent the Fugitive Slave Law, and why did the South resent northern resistance to enforcing it?why did the South resent northern resistance to enforcing it?

• Did the North, South or West benefit most from the Compromise Did the North, South or West benefit most from the Compromise of 1850?of 1850?

• Why was the issue of acquiring Cuba so controversial in the Why was the issue of acquiring Cuba so controversial in the 1850s?1850s?

John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?

John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?

Mural in the Kansas Capitol building

by John Steuart Curry (20c)

Mural in the Kansas Capitol building

by John Steuart Curry (20c)

Birth of the Republican Party, 1854

Birth of the Republican Party, 1854

• Northern Whigs.

• Northern Democrats.

• Free-Soilers.

• Know-Nothings.

• Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

• Northern Whigs.

• Northern Democrats.

• Free-Soilers.

• Know-Nothings.

• Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

1856 Presidential 1856 Presidential ElectionElection

1856 Presidential 1856 Presidential ElectionElection

√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

1856Electio

n Results

1856Electio

n Results

Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

What caused thePanic of 1857??

What caused thePanic of 1857??

What were itsaffects on the

nation?

What were itsaffects on the

nation?

The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858

The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858

A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

Stephen Douglas

& the Freeport

Doctrine

Stephen Douglas

& the Freeport

DoctrinePopularSovereignty

?

PopularSovereignty

?

John Brown’s Raidon Harper’s Ferry, 1859

John Brown’s Raidon Harper’s Ferry, 1859

18601860PresidentiPresidenti

alalElectionElection

18601860PresidentiPresidenti

alalElectionElection

√ Abraham Lincoln

Republican

√ Abraham Lincoln

Republican

John BellConstitutional

Union

John BellConstitutional

Union

Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat

Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat

John C. Breckinridge

Southern Democrat

John C. Breckinridge

Southern Democrat

Republican Party Platform in 1860

Republican Party Platform in 1860• Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-

Soilers.

• Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].

• No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].

• Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].

• Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.

• Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

• Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.

• Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].

• No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].

• Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].

• Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.

• Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”

1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”

1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

1860

Election

Results

1860

Election

Results

Crittenden Compromise:A Last Ditch Appeal to

Sanity

Crittenden Compromise:A Last Ditch Appeal to

Sanity

Senator John J. Crittenden

(Know-Nothing-KY)

Senator John J. Crittenden

(Know-Nothing-KY)

Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861