Probe for New Physics
1
ACTIVITIES @ VALENCIA b b mass effects at the Z mass effects at the Z 0 0 peak peak from 3 and 4 jet events from 3 and 4 jet events P. Bambade, M.J. Costa, J. Fuster and P. Tortosa b mass effects have been observed at DELPHI at the Z 0 energy by measuring the ratio of the norma- lised n-jet rate for b over light quark hadronic Z 0 decays: l l Z tot c g n l l Z jets n b b Z tot c g n b b Z jets n c bl n y y y R 0 0 0 0 / ) ( / ) ( ) ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( • n = 3 and 4 jets • Jet clustering algorithms: 3 jets NLO massive calculations G. Rodrigo et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 (1997) 193 M. Bilenky et al., Phys. Rev. D60 (1999) 114006 4 jets LO calculations A. Ballestrero et al., CERN-2000-09 3 jets NLO calculations 2 20 . 0 0.21 - 18 . 0 19 . 0 GeV/c 0.11(theo) 0.14(exp) had) ( stat) ( 85 . 2 ) ( Z b M m It is the most precise measurement of m b (M Z ) e + e - q q Herwig Pythia DELPHI Preliminary Predictions from generators are confronted with data First study of R 4 bl . NLO not yet available!!! R 4 b l Hadron level LO – m b (M Z ) LO – M b LO corrected for hadronisation DELPHI Preliminary Hadron level R 4 b l y c y c Cambridge Cambridge Durham Cambridge Parton level DELPHI Preliminary M.J. Costa, A.Oyanguren, P. Tortosa M.J. Costa, A.Oyanguren, P. Tortosa I I MPROVED MPROVED |V |V cb cb | | M M EASUREMENT EASUREMENT FROM FROM S S PECTRAL PECTRAL M M OMENTS OMENTS M. Battaglia, M. Calvi, P. Gambino, A. Oyanguren, P. Roudeau, L. Salmi, J. Salt, A. Stocchi, N.Uraltsev Vcb b c q 2 Vcb(now)=0.0419(1±0.016| meas ± 0.015| fit ± 0.010| pert ) before the use of moments Vcb had ± 0.05| theo uncertainty ! In the near future, analyses with larger statistics will give a better measurement of Spectral Moments and will improve the Vcb value. DELPHI has measured |Vcb| by using the information given by Spectral Moments (hep-ph/0210319). The lepton and hadron moments (M i (E l ) and M i (M x )) in inclusive b semileptonic de- cays give constraints on theoretical parameters which allow to determine Vcb: Vcb is one fundamental parameter of the SM. It governs the transitions between b and c quarks and has to be determined ex- perimentally. At the moment, the dominant uncertainties on Vcb are from theoretical origin so new methods and analyses beco- me necessary to improve this measurement. Vcb gives the scale of the unitarity triangle Compton Imaging for Medical Applications Compton Imaging for Medical Applications Compton Compton Imaging Imaging In conventional single photon imaging systems mechanical collimators are used to determine the direction of the incoming photons, coupling detector sensitivity and spatial resolution. Replacing the septa by silicon detectors overcomes the sensitivity- resolution tradeoff. This method, known as electronic collimation, can improve detector sensitivity by orders of magnitude, while remaining independent from spatial resolution. Contrary to conventional Anger cameras, spatial resolution improves with increasing gamma-ray energies. Photons coming from the object to be imaged compton-scatter in the silicon detector and are absorbed in the scintillator. Determining the impact points and the energy deposited in the first detector, it is possible to locate the source and reconstruct the image. Spatial resolution depends mainly on the uncertainty in the scattering angle, which is driven by the uncertainty in the energy measured by the silicon sensors. Therefore, a good energy resolution for these detectors (~1keV) is essential. G. Llosá G. Llosá , J. Bernabeu, J. Fuster, C. García, C. Lacasta, F.J. Sánchez , J. Bernabeu, J. Fuster, C. García, C. Lacasta, F.J. Sánchez Experimental data have been taken with a Compton Camera prototype at the University of Michigan. Images have been reconstructed employing the List Mode Likelihood method. These results were obtained with 300 m thick silicon pad detectors (8x32 pads, 1.4x1.4 mm pitch). New 1mm thick detectors and improved versions of electronics are currently being tested for a new prototype. Very High Resolution small animal PET Detects the two photons from positron annihilation. Its resolution approaches the physical limit, the range of positrons in the tissue, about 350 m. First First Results Results Application Application s s Ring Geometry Compton Camera Simulations predict that this arrangement with 16 mm of silicon detectors would improve by more than 300 times the efficiency of conventional gamma cameras with the same resolution. Reconstructed 131 I point source on top of a uniform disc. Compton Prostate Probe. The combination of an intrarectal silicon probe, placed close to the prostate, and an external scintillator would improve resolution by a factor 4 and sensitivity by an order of magnitude.
description
ACTIVITIES @ VALENCIA. q. e +. The 3rd generation as Experimental and technological approach. Probe for New Physics. q. e -. q 2. b. c. l. n l. V cb. Very High Resolution small animal PET - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Probe for New Physics
ACTIVITIES @ VALENCIA
bb mass effects at the Z mass effects at the Z00 peak peak
from 3 and 4 jet eventsfrom 3 and 4 jet eventsP. Bambade, M.J. Costa, J. Fuster and P. Tortosa
b mass effects have been observed at DELPHI at the Z0 energy by measuring the ratio of the norma-lised n-jet rate for b over light quark hadronic Z0 decays:
llZtotc
gnllZjetsn
bbZtotc
gnbbZjetsn
cbln
y
yyR
00
00
/)(
/)()(
)2(
)2( • n = 3 and 4 jets• Jet clustering algorithms:
3 jets NLO massive calculationsG. Rodrigo et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 (1997) 193M. Bilenky et al., Phys. Rev. D60 (1999) 114006 4 jets LO calculations A. Ballestrero et al., CERN-2000-09
3 jetsNLO calculations
220.00.21-
18.019.0 GeV/c 0.11(theo)0.14(exp)had)(stat)(85.2)(
Zb Mm
It is the most precise measurement of mb(MZ)
e+
e- q
q
Herwig
Pythia
DELPHI Preliminary
Predictions from generators are confronted with data
First study of R4bl. NLO not yet available!!!
R4b
l
Hadron level
LO – mb (MZ)
LO – Mb
LO corrected for hadronisation
DELPHI Preliminary
Hadron level
R4b
l
yc
yc
Cambridge
Cambridge
Durham
Cambridge
Parton level
DELPHI Preliminary
M.J. Costa, A.Oyanguren, P. TortosaM.J. Costa, A.Oyanguren, P. Tortosa
IIMPROVEDMPROVED |V|Vcbcb|| MMEASUREMENTEASUREMENT FROMFROM SSPECTRAL PECTRAL MMOMENTSOMENTS
M. Battaglia, M. Calvi, P. Gambino, A. Oyanguren, P. Roudeau, L. Salmi, J. Salt, A. Stocchi, N.Uraltsev Vcb
b cq2
Vcb(now)=0.0419(1±0.016|meas ± 0.015|fit ± 0.010|pert)
before the use of moments Vcb had ± 0.05|theouncertainty !
In the near future, analyses with larger statistics will give a better measurement of Spectral Moments and will improve theVcb value.
DELPHI has measured |Vcb| by using the information given by Spectral Moments (hep-ph/0210319). The lepton and hadron moments (Mi(El) and Mi(Mx)) in inclusive b semileptonic de-cays give constraints on theoretical parameters which allowto determine Vcb:
Vcb is one fundamental parameter of theSM. It governs the transitions between b and c quarks and has to be determined ex-perimentally. At the moment, the dominantuncertainties on Vcb are from theoretical origin so new methods and analyses beco-me necessary to improve this measurement.
Vcb gives the scale of
the unitarity triangle
Compton Imaging for Medical ApplicationsCompton Imaging for Medical Applications
Compton ImagingCompton Imaging
In conventional single photon imaging systems mechanical collimators are used to determine the direction of the incoming photons, coupling detector sensitivity and spatial resolution.Replacing the septa by silicon detectors overcomes the sensitivity-resolution tradeoff. This method, known as electronic collimation, can improve detector sensitivity by orders of magnitude, while remaining independent from spatial resolution. Contrary to conventional Anger cameras, spatial resolution improves with increasing gamma-ray energies.
Photons coming from the object to be imaged compton-scatter in the silicon detector and are absorbed in the scintillator.Determining the impact points and the energy deposited in the first detector, it is possible to locate the source and reconstruct the image. Spatial resolution depends mainly on the uncertainty in the scattering angle, which is driven by the uncertainty in the energy measured by the silicon sensors. Therefore, a good energy resolution for these detectors (~1keV) is essential.
G. LlosáG. Llosá , J. Bernabeu, J. Fuster, C. García, C. Lacasta, F.J. Sánchez , J. Bernabeu, J. Fuster, C. García, C. Lacasta, F.J. Sánchez
Experimental data have been taken with a Compton Camera prototype at the University of Michigan. Images have been reconstructed employing the List Mode Likelihood method.
These results were obtained with 300 m thick silicon pad detectors (8x32 pads, 1.4x1.4 mm pitch). New 1mm thick detectors and improved versions of electronics are currently being tested for a new prototype.
Very High Resolution small animal PETDetects the two photons from positron annihilation. Its resolution approaches the physical limit, the range of positrons in the tissue, about 350 m.
First ResultsFirst Results
ApplicationsApplications
Ring Geometry Compton CameraSimulations predict that this arrangement with 16 mm of silicon detectors would improve by more than 300 times the efficiency of conventional gamma cameras with the same resolution.
Reconstructed
131I point source on top of a uniform disc.
Compton Prostate Probe.The combination of an intrarectal silicon probe, placed close to the prostate, and an external scintillator would improve resolution by a factor 4 and sensitivity by an order of magnitude.
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