Materials Physics at LTU: new prospectives for collaboraion/presentation 3, alexander... ·...
Transcript of Materials Physics at LTU: new prospectives for collaboraion/presentation 3, alexander... ·...
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Alexander Soldatov
Materials Physics at LTU:new prospectives for collaboraion
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Ceramics(MAX phases)
Materials synthesis lab
Materials Physics and Engineering at TFM/LTU
Materials properties:Theoretical Modeling
BiomaterialsSPM lab
Carbon NanomaterialsTribomaterialsHigh-pressure
Spectroscopy lab
High-performance SteelSimulations
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Materials Physics group
High-pressure spectroscopylab
led by A.V. Soldatov
Scanning probe microscopylab
led by N. Almqvist
State of the art equipmentAdvanced materials characterization, methods developmentResearch on nanostructured, bio-materials, tribo-systems
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Static pressure up to 2-4MbarTemperature up till 600 C
High-p spectroscopy lab: Diamond Anvil Cell (DAC)
diamo nds
lasersa mp le
ruy
gasket
Diamond culet: ~ 100-500 micronSample chamber: ~ 50 - 200 micron
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Raman Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM)
Dual excitation (532 nm and 633 nm lasers)Spectroscopic imagingMapping of stress in materialsSpectroscopy of single molecules, clusters, inclusions
Imaging of Ruby crystals in a DACspectral optical
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
The new SPM laboratory – some features:
Equipment
Ntegra Prima/Aura
Solver Pro-M
Environmental/Dry vacuum
Hermetic cell:Air-gas -30C to 170CLiquid -10C to 120C
Scanning tip/scanning sampleScanners:
1x1x1 micrometer scanner(CLE)10x10x3 my (CLE)100x100x12 my– Closed loop. 100x100x10 my tip scanning head
vacuum compatible (may be used as stand alone)
100x100x10 my tip scanning head - CL
Nanoscan hardness/indentation
Electrochemical AFM
SAM – Custom experiments
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
SPM modes and measurements:
STM constant height and constant currentSTM I(V) and I(Z), dI/dVcontact AFMLFMSemicontact Measure up to 9th harmonicsPhase ImagingForce Modulation (viscoelastisity)MFMElectrostatic FMElectrodynamic FMAdhesion Force ImagingSpreading Resistance Imaging (SRI)Scanning Capacitance Imaging (SCI)Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy(SKM)Torsional resonance modeNanolithography and NanomanipulationForce Distance curvesPiezoresponce Force MicroscopyNanolithography and NanomanipulationForce Distance curvesNanoindentation and hardness measurements of superhard materialselastic modulus measurements of superhard materials and thin measurements are made in the air with no special sample preparationForce-volume AFM, F-D spectroscopy
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Fullerenes(fullerene polymers, phase transitions at high p, T)
Carbon nanotubes(spectroscopy of individual, functionalized SWCNTs, DWNT)
Composite materials based on CNTs
Molecular electronic devices based of carbon nanostructures
Tribological (tribo-) chemistry
Single-molecule spectroscopy, methods development
Materials Physics: current research projects
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
PROJECT EXAMPLESFullerene-based nanostructured materials
Fullerene polymershigh pressure 13 GPa (130 000 atm)high T (900 C)
Material is HARDER than diamond!
Carbon nanostructuresfor MOLECULAR electronics!
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Carbon nanotube
-
a
star performer:Tensile strength 15-100 GPa
(steel 2 GPa)
Young’s modulus 1-1.5 TPa
Can be bent and buckled without breaking !
Density
1.4 gcm-3
Estimated current carrying capacity 109
A/cm2
Temperature stability 3000 K
Thermal conductivity 6000 W/mK
Excellent field emitter
(And the electronic and quantum properties are also extremely interesting!)
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Individual single- wall carbon nanotube
0,8192nm
Direct evidence for individual carbon nanotubes
PROJECT EXAMPLESCNT dispersion, AFM characterization of individual CNTs
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Motivation
- Strong and light material- El. conducting- Lower cost
Problems- Bundles, i.e. a weak coupling to the matrix- Low dispersion in the matrix – poor stress transfer
A consequence: to date the attempts to synthesizea high-performance CNT-based composite failed…
Possible solutions?- Dispersion via functionalization- Better coupling to the matrix through cross-linking
to the matrix (polymer) molecules
CNTs Matrix
500 nm
PROJECT EXAMPLESCNT-based composite materials
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Distribution of CNTs in the polymer matrixstudy of the distribution of nanotubes in the matrix via mapping out the
intensity of the CNT G-band using Raman spectral imaging
Sample surface
Raman spectrumIs taken at every scanning point
Raman map
laser
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Characterization of carbon nanotube composites with SPM methods
Plain imaging
Surface modification
Details about the CNT composites projectwill be presented by Ilya Dobryden (session 2)
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Micro- nanomechanical properties:
Cantilever based forcemapping techniquesNanoindentation, nanoscratching and elasticity
Electrical properties including picoampere measurements and probing of buried nanotubes
Characterization of carbon nanotube composites with SPM methods
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
PROJECT EXAMPLESTribochemistry of lubricant additives
In-situ monitoring the behaviour of additives at high pressure/high T in a DAC –
more details
in the forthcoming talk by Joel Andersson!
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Surface interactions, surface characterization, thin films, surface moldifications, self-assembly, high quality steel – steel inclusions, biomimetics
Polymerized Carbon-60
AFM image showing fully grown hexagonal BaFe12 O19 crystallites.
“Blistering” on graphite
PROJECT EXAMPLES:Applied Materials science
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Three-dimensional surface plot of chains of aluminium oxide clusters, which “binds” to the ferrite matrix. [Strandh, Solhed, Almqvist, LTU]
Large scale AFM image of pearlite structure and multiple layered grain boudaries. [Strandh, Solhed, Almqvist, LTU]
Steel
AFM image of small aluminium oxide inclusion [Strandh, Solhed, Almqvist, LTU]
Project examples: Steel inclusions
Nils Almqvist, Division of Physics
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Internal LTU collaborationMaskin element (Tribo-chemistry)Inorganic ChemistryMathematics
National
collaboration
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Primary International collaboration
HARVARD
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe
Lawrence Livermore National Lab.
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
COLLABORATORS:
C. Meingast, P. Nagel Institute for Solid State Physics, FZK Karlsruhe, GermanyS. Lebedkinthermal properties of fullerene polymers
E. McRae, B Vigolo, Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry, Nancy University,F. Valsaque FranceCNT composite materials, functionalization of carbon nanotubes, gas adsorption
B. Sundqvist, Dept of Physics, Dept. of Chem., Umeå University, SwedenD. JohnelsFullerene polymers synthesis at moderate pressures, NMR
P. McEuen Dept. of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USAtransport measurements on single fullerene molecules
S. IIjima Institute for Advanced Materials Research (AIST), Tsukuba,K. Hata Japan photolithography-assisted CVD synthesis ofaligned carbon nanotube arrays
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
Funding
Vetenskapsrådet
(VR)
Kempe
Stiftelsterna
SKF AB
TFN, Luleå
Tekniska Universitet
Norrbottens
Forskningsråd
Swedish Royal
Academy
Materials Physics groupDivision of Physics,TFMLuleå University of Technology
High-pressure
spectroscopy group, October
2008
Group Members (standing, left to right): Mattias Mases, Benjamin Bax, Andreas Mueller, Guillaume Chevennement, Shuai Wei, (Sitting): Joel Andersson, Alex Soldatov, Brigitte Vigolo (visiting scientist), Cedric Chauvet..Ilya Dobryden (not featured on the photo)