Principles of Floral Design 4 Main Types of Flowers.
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Transcript of Principles of Floral Design 4 Main Types of Flowers.
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Principles of Floral Design
4 Main Types of Flowers
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Line flowers
Long, slender spikes of blossoms with flowers blooming along the stem.
Can also include bare stems.Used to establish the skeleton or outline
of the arrangement.Determine height and width of the
arrangement.
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Mass flowers
Single stem flowers with large, rounded heads.
Also used when no line flowers are present to create outline of arrangement.
Sometimes used as the focal point or main flower of an arrangement.
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Filler flowers
Used to fill gaps between mass flowers.Give depth to the arrangement.Should compliment the mass and line
flowersThey are bunchy or feathery (so ferns fall
here).Usually the most inexpensive part of the
arrangement.
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Form flowers
These flowers have an unusual or distinctive shape.
They also help create the focal point.They need to be separated within the
arrangement so they maintain their identity and uniqueness.
Never bunch form flowers together.Many times they can stand alone such as in
corsages and boutonnieres.
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Elements & Principles of Floral Design
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Elements of Floral DesignLineFormSpaceTexture
PatternFragranceSizeColor
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Line
The visual pathway that directs eye movement through a composition• Distance between two points
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Line directions:
Vertical lines—stress height and suggest power and strength
Horizontal lines—stress width and are peaceful and calm, provide a sense of stability
Diagonal line—dynamically energetic, causing more eye movement. Use sparingly
Curved line—suggest motion, but are softer, more comforting. Eye moves quickly through design.
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Vertical line--Power and strength
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Horizontal linePeaceful and calm
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Diagonal lineDynamically energetic, suggest motion
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Curved lineSofter suggestion of motion
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Form
the shape or configuration of an individual component of the composition. The overall, three-dimensional, geometric shape or configuration of a floral composition.
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Space
the area in, around, and between the components of the design, defined by the three-dimensional area occupied by the composition.Positive spaceNegative space
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Texture
The surface quality of a material, as perceived by sight or touchSmooth, coarse, waxy, rough, delicate, velvety
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Texture
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Texture
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Texture
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Pattern
A repeated combination of line, form, color, texture, and/or space.Variegated markings, specklesAny element used more than once
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Pattern
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Pattern—what is repeated
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Fragrance
A sweet or pleasing odor, perceived by the sense of smell.heightens our awareness increases sensory enjoymenttriggers memory
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Using all 5 senses
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Size
The physical dimensions of line, form, or spaceFirst considerationsEmotional aspect
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Color
The visual response of the eye to reflected rays of lightmost important design elementOptical sensation, originating in the brain’s
perception of light energy reflected to the eye from a pigmented surface.
Emotional response
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Color
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Principles of Floral Design
Principles of design-fundamental guidelines to aesthetic design that govern the organization of the
elements and materials in accordance with the laws of nature. Some primary principals of design are
associated with related secondary principles of design.
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Principles of Floral DesignBalanceProportion
ScaleDominance
Emphasis Focal Area Accent
Rhythm Depth Repetition Transition
Contrast Opposition Tension Variation
HarmonyUnity
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Balance
gives a sense of equilibrium and repose, a feeling of three-dimensional stability.
.Physical also known as mechanical
balance—soundVisual balance—sense of equilibrium
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Easily falls overOr looks like it will easily tip over
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Visually balanced
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Balance
symmetrical balance—known as formal balance, flowers are repeated on opposite sides of the floral arrangement. Using an imaginary central axis, one side of the arrangement is the mirror image of the other.
Asymmetrical balance—known as informal balance. Formed by placing unequal visual weight on each side of a central vertical axis.
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Balance
Radial balance—radiate from a central point like the spokes of a wheel or the rays of the sun.
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Symmetrical-one side mirrors the otherAsymmetrical-two sides are dissimilar but have equal visual weight or equal eye
attraction which creates visual balance
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Symmetrical vs. Asymmetrical
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Radial Balance
Radial balance--Not separate from symmetrical or asymmetrical, but merely a fine distinction of one or the other
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Radial Balance
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Symmetrical but too perfect—rendering a contrived and fake appearance
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Near symmetricalNot symmetrical in placement but arranged in a near-symmetrical pattern to
form a balanced, formal shape
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ProportionThe comparative relationship in size,
quantity, and degree of emphasis among components within the composition; the relationship of one portion to another, or of one portion to the whole.design should be 1 ½ to 2 times the height or
width of the container
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Greek golden section in which the ration of vase to flowers is 3 to 5 or roughly 5 to 8
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Golden mean refers to the division of a line somewhere between ½ and 1/3 its length
Flower design slightly off center
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Overall size of a floral arrangement or its parts compared with other objects or their parts.
Scale floral elements with each other
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Scale
The relative ratio of size, or the relationship of the size of a composition to the surrounding area or environment.
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Arrangements should fit on the table physically and visually and be in proportion to the surrounding area
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Small table small room small arrangement
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Large to permit viewing from a distance
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Dominance
The visual organization within a design that emphasizes one or more aspects. When one element is emphasized, others are subordinate.
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Emphasis
The special attention or importance given to one or more areas within a design.Directs eye to more important areas
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Focal Area
The area of greatest visual impact or weight; the center of interest to which the eye is most naturally drawn.Center of gravity or balanceWhere eye is drawnWhere the eye restsOne element different than others
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Focal Point
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Focal Point
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Focal Point
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Accent
Detail added to a design to provide additional interest, affecting the total character of the composition.EnlivensDash of something
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Accessories
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Accent
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Rhythm
Flow or movement characterized by regular recurrence of elements or features
Use repeated patterns and graceful spacing.
The goal is to create a visual pathway that leads the viewer’s eye around and through the design, then back to the focal point.
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Depth
Three-dimensional arrangementoverlap or angle flowersplace bright, dark flowers on the bottom of the
arrangement, lighter and smaller at the top
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Repetition
The recurrence of like elements within a composition
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Repetition
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Transition
The ease of visual movement which results from gradual degrees of change among one or more of the elements
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Contrast
Emphasis by means of difference.
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Contrast--color
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Opposition
Contrast between elements which are counterpoint in relation to each other.Call attention to each other by being opposite
whereas contrast is simply different from each other
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Opposition—black & white
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Contrast in color simplest way to create strong focal point
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Tension
Implying or suggesting a sense of energyPolarity—drawn together or pushed apartKnot a leaf-energy has been exerted or appliedNew bulb forcing out of soilReady to spring or snap
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Tension—something is waiting to happen
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Variation
Dissimilarity among attributes or characteristics.Diversity among elementsVary stages of developmentAll one color of flower, but different flowers
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Proximity-combining flowers into one designRepetition-repeating similar elements such as color
Transition-providing a gradual change from one part of a design to another
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Harmony
Compatibility; a pleasing or congruent arrangement of parts.
All parts should go together or “harmonize” with each other.
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Lack a sense of harmony
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Harmony by added accessories which support football or homecoming theme
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All component parts of a floral composition should harmonize with one another. It is vital that the flowers in a design are compatible with one another in order to
support an overall design style.
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Terra-cotta post and blush tones flowers create a casual garden ambiance for this celebration setting. Harmony of the parts displays unity in design
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Unity
--the state of being one, united, or complete in itself.
The arrangement is seen as a whole piece instead of only individual parts.
Oneness of purpose, thought, style, and spirit.
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Accessories Candles
Plums, kiwi enhance an overall harmonious theme
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Examples of Line and Sticks Design Assignment
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