PREVIEW OF HAZMAT TECHNICIAN HEALTH & SAFETY TRAINING MODULE
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Transcript of PREVIEW OF HAZMAT TECHNICIAN HEALTH & SAFETY TRAINING MODULE
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PREVIEW OF
HAZMAT TECHNICIAN
HEALTH & SAFETY
POWERPOINT TRAINING PRESENTATION
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GOALS
To understand the Health & Safety Requirements for the emergency responder in Hazardous Materials Emergencies
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ASPHYXIANTS
Signs & SymptomsProgressive Problems
RestlessnessAgitationDrowsinessConfusionStuporComaDeath
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COROSIVES
DecontaminationSkin & eyes should be
decontaminated withlarge amounts of water for at least 15-20 minutes
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SENSITIZERS
Causes allergic reactions after repeated exposure
Reactions can be immediate or may not appear for several hours
With repeated reactions each will become worse
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NEUROTOXINS
ExamplesHydrocarbon insecticides (Aldrin & Dieldrin)Halogen fumigants (Methyl bromide)Organophosphates (Diazinon & Dursban)Solvents (Phenol, Ethylene Oxide)
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MUTAGENS
Toxic agents that cause genetic changes in DNA
Occur in genetic material such as sperm & eggs
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TERATOGENS
Cause malformation in the unborn child
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INFECTIOUS AGENTS
ExamplesVaccine Preventable Non Vaccine Preventable
Hepatitis A Hepatitis C*Hepatitis B Most FungiMeasles Tuberculosis**Chickenpox Parasites
Lyme Disease
*Vaccine is under testing and may soon be available** Vaccine is used in other countries and with high risk researchers
but it is not know if it it is efficient
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PHYSICIAL & CHEMICAL PROPERITES
Normally solid material cause less harm than liquids or gases
Solids are normally controllable
Gases can rapidly diffuse in the bloodstream
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SUUIFICIENT AMOUNT TO CAUSE HARM
A particle of Cesium the size of a pin head can be deadly to many humans
Water taken in large quantities can disrupt the body chemistry enough to cause death
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EXPOSURE
Occurs when a toxic substance or infectious agent is taken into the body or comes in direct contact with the body
If you enter an enclosed space and are exposed to a toxic gas, when you leave the exposure ends
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CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSPECTIABLE PERSON
Some people are more susceptible than others
Some one who has had repeated exposures may have developed a systemic allergy to the toxin
Latex is a common item but certain people can develop an allergy due to repeated exposures
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CHRONIC EXPOSURE
Occurs over a long period of time
Breathing low concentrations of CO over multiple exposures for days to months could be considered chronic exposure
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POISIONIOUS GASESCLASS 2, DIVISION 2.3
Can be toxic in small amountsPrimary route of exposure is inhalationExamples are
Cyanogen gasPhosgene gasOrganic phosphates in compressed gases
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COMBUSTIBLE & FLAMMABLE LIQUIDSCLASS 3
Halogenated hydrocarbons can affect the liver & kidneys
Benzene is a known carcinogenSkin absorption can enhanced absorption of other
hydrocarbons
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Factors affecting toxic response to lungs
Rate & depth of respirationDuration of exposureType & concentration of exposureRoute of entrySite of deposition
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GASTROINTESTIONAL SYSTEMMost toxins are absorbed in
the stomach & small intestine & flow into the liver via the blood supply
The liver metabolizes the toxins & changes them into a form that can be excreted
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KIDNEYS
Toxins that affect the kidneys are called nephrotoxins
They can cause kidney damage causing the kidney not to properly filter the blood
Examples of toxinsMercuryCadmiumArsenicLead
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IRRITATION
Produces a local inflammatory responseCan result with dermatitis from repeated exposureCaused by exposure to
SolventsTrioxidesDichromates
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CORROSION
Disintegration of skin caused by corrosivesCan lead to
UlcerationTissue Death
Scar formationExamples
Acids BasesChromium
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PHOTOSENSITIZATIONExposure to a chemical then to sunlight
Results in SunburnSkin thickeningPigment changes
ExamplesSoapsDetergentsMedicines
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NERVOUS SYSTEM
Toxic effect are partially controlled by predisposing toxins such as alcohol consumption, diabetes, & other
health conditions
Primary concern is nerve cell injury, which have little capacity to regenerate
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EYES
Acid burns can cause scaring of the lids & conjunctiva, & damage to tearing ability
Alkali burns may appear to be mild but later can result in ulceration, perforation, clouding, or deep eye damage
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