The Scoop on Nutrition

Presented by: Leslie Wagner

Brought to you by:

Copyright 2013:PEER.tamu.edu

Do any of your animals look like this

How about this?

Or this?

What is Nutrition?

Nutrition

TheProcessby which organisms

take in and

utilize

food material

Transports nutrients &

metabolic waste

Facilitates chemical reactions

Regulates body temperature

Lubricates & cushions joints & organs

Water

Saturated vs Unsaturated

Cell Lipid Bilayer

Lipids

Triglyceride molecule

Vitamins

Water Soluble

B Vitamins

Vitamin C

Fat Soluble

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin K

Minerals

20

Ca40.078

12

Mg24.305

15

P30.974

11

Na22.990

17

Cl35.450

16

S32.06

26

Fe55.845

29

Cu63.546

42

Mo95.960

53

I126.90

27

Co58.933

34

Se78.960

25

Mn54.938

30

Zn65.380

Macrominerals:

Microminerals:

So, What is Malnutrition?

Malnutriton

53% of these deaths are attributable to under-nutrition

Obesity

The condition of being obese; increase in body weight caused by excessive accumulation of fat

Obesity:

52.5%

58.3%

Weight Management

Diet Management

Weight Management

Increase Exercise

The first prescription

drug aimed for canine weight-loss in the USA

Dirlotapide Targets small intestine

Reduces fat absorption Gives a feeling of

satiety Therefore reduces food

intake i.e. calories

Goal Lose 3% of body weight

every month Different phases

Weight loss phase Maintenance phase

Consult your veterinarian!

Obesity in animals is associated with other health issues

Diabetes mellitus

Heart Disease

Liver Disease

Orthopedic Issues

11 year old neutered male DSH 15 lbs ~BCS 7/9

Owner has noted recent weight loss Lethargy Polyuria Polydipsia Poor coat

Simba

Diabetes in Animals

Type I•Pancreas unable to produce insulin•Treatment is insulin dependent•Most common type found in dogs

Type II•Pancreas makes insulin but body does not respond or is resistant to it•Most often brought on by high carbohydrate diets•Most common type found in catsOver weight cats are 2 times more likely to develop

diabetesObese cats are 4 times more likely to develop

diabetes

Appetite can be excessive or

absent

Symptoms

Sudden weight loss or gain

Excessive drinking or urination

Blurred vision and cataracts

Weakness in back legs

Thinning of skin

Treatment

• Primary treatment is centered around diet and exercise

• If that is not enough than an insulin injection program will be implemented

A simple change of diet can go a long ways in helping to reduce the effects of diabetes.

A low-carbohydrate diet reduces the amount of insulin needed and stabilizes blood sugar levels in cats.

A high-fiber, moderate-carb diet has been recommended for dogs.

Diet

11 year old neutered male DSH 15 lbs ~BCS 7/9

Owner has noted recent weight loss Lethargy Polyuria Polydipsia Poor coat

Simba

Type 1 Treatment

• Islet Cell Encapsulation – transplant of insulin-producing Islet cells encapsulated in permeable membrane to shield them from the immune system

• Islet Cell Regeneration – Involves a protein that is responsible for the regeneration of Islet cells and other important hormones in the pancreas – in clinical trials

• Islet cell development from stem cells

Ongoing Research

Type 1 Treatment

• Gene Therapy – an oral medication consisting of viral vectors containing the insulin gene is digested and delivered to the upper intestines where it is reproduced

Type 1 Prevention

• Immunization – a biochemical mechanism is being researched that prevents the immune system from attacking beta (insulin-producing) cells

Ongoing Research

Ongoing Research

Pancreatic beta cells

Nanotechnology

Knowing the symptoms associated with Diabetes

Understanding the difference between Type 1 and Type 2

Prevention and treatment in animals and humans.

Why is this important?

Understanding Diabetes