PRESENTED BY

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C.H SAPUMANAGE

CONTENT Introduction Specific characteristics Categories of traditional varieties Podi wee, Murungakayan, Pachchaperumal,

Deveredderi, pokkali, Weda heenati, Kalu heenati, Sudu heenati, Madathavalu, Herath banda, Molligoda,Kahata wee, Gonabaru,

Why low yield potentials ? Future potentials

All the varieties which were grown before old improved

varieties found (before 1950´s)

Varieties are typically tall with long narrow & drooping

leaves

Farmers were concern about weather pattern,Topography

& soil conditions even in ancient

Cultivated more than 4000 traditional varieties in SL-now

conserve at PGRC

List of traditional varieties prepared in 1902

- 300 varieties

- Exhibited at Kandy Agri-horticultural & Industrial Exhibition

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Specific Characteristics

1) Typically tall with long, narrow ,drooping leaves

2) Photosensitivity

3) Lodging susceptibility

4) Poor tillering

5) Flood tolerance

6) Tolerance to iron toxicity

7) Tolerance to salinity

8) Tolerance to drought & submergence

9) Low response to fertilizer

10) Resistant to P & D4

Categories of Traditional Varieties

Goda Wee

-Totally rainfed

-Cultivate in uplands >4000ft from sea level

Al Wee

-Cultivated in new chena lands (Kegalle, Morawak

Korale, Hinidumpattuwa, Rathnapura & Badulla districts)

-Totally rainfed

-Protein content of rice is highest

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Categories of Traditional Varieties Cntd…

Ma Wee

-Cultivated only in maha

-Cultivate only in wet zone

-Irrigation of water

-Resistant to flooding

Bala Wee

-Popular in WZ & DZ

-Mature after 3-31/2 months

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Very popular long duration variety

Pearly white grain

Tall & bulky habit

Thick culms

Moderately profuse tillering

Medium, long fairly dense panicles with round, bold grain

High % of variety tillers ineffective or unproductive

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WEAKNESSES

Low yielder

Very low fertilizer response

High susceptibility to blast & stem borer

Grain shedding

Severe preharvest lodging

Low grain straw ratio

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MURUNGAKAYAN

Medium plant height(127-135cm)

Duration 4- 4 1/2 month

Moderately tillering

Very long, heavy panicles

Large,coarse red rice grains

Culms are tall, thick & bulky

Flag leaf is conspicously erect

Response to N is very high

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MURUNGAKAYAN Cntd..

Resistant to grain shedding & piricularia disease

Moderately resistant to lodging

Good yielder even at low soil fertility

Yield potential upto 60-65bu/ac

Tall & bulky growth

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PACHCHAPERUMAL

Very popular & extentively cultivated Duration-3 months Red rice grain Short, thin culms(seldom out growing 85cm) Tillers have short panicle with well filled, heavy, medium size grain Fairly high yield potential (80bu/ac in Anuradhapura & Polonnaruwa

Districts)

High susceptibility to blast Severe grain shedding Susceptible to lodging Low N response

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DEVEREDDERI

Old variety but not popular one

Duration 5 months (grow only in Maha season)

Plant height 150-160cm

Red colour grain is medium length

Poor tillering

Medium long panicles

Large heavy grains

Tall culms about 120cm

Highly flood resistance

Potential yield is 25-35bu/ac

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WEAKNESSES

Poor yielder Grain shedding Susceptibility to lodging Susceptibility to piricularia disease

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POKKALI

Morphologically resembles to Deveredderi

Not popular variety

Definitely yala season variety

Saline resistence

Poor yield is the problem

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WEDA HEENATI Medium height plant Duration Yala -4 months Maha-31/2 months Red rice grain Drought tolerant More prefer muddy lands Yield potential is 30-40bu/ac Use as a medicine in ayurvedic

Susceptible to Fe toxicity Growth reduction in sandy soil & in heavy rainy period High grain shedding losses if not harvest at correct

maturity15

KALU HEENATI

Medium plant height(111-115cm)

Medium length panicles are in black colour ,paddy husk also

black

Red rice grain

Yield potential from boggy field is 25-30bu/ac

Use as a medicine in ayurvedic

Not suitable for sandy soil

Susceptible to Fe toxicity

Growth retardation in heavy rainy period16

SUDU HEENATI

Medium plant height(112-135cm)

Duration

Yala-4 months Maha-6 months

Red rice grain

Clearly straw colour paddy husk

Flood resistence

Moderately drought resistence

Moderately tolerant to Fe toxicity

Yield potential 40-50bu/ac

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MADATHAWALU

Medium height plant(120-130cm)

Duration 4 months

Paddy husk is mud colour

Red rice grain

Grain is intermediate bold shape

Potential yield is 60-65bu/ac

High yield gives in organic farming

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HERATH BANDA

Medium height plant(120-130cm)

Duration- 31/2 months

Low tillering(2-3 tillers/plant)

Red rice grain

Grains are intermediate bold shape

Yield potential is 45-50bu/ac

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MOLLIGODA

Medium height plant(150-160cm) Duration-41/2 months Low tillering(4-5tillers/plant) Red rice grain Shape of grain is intermediate length Prefer for boggy paddy fields Yield potential is 40-50bu/ac

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KAHATA WEE Tall plant(165cm) Duration

Yala - 41/2 months Maha - 5months

Red rice grain,but has black/brown colour slightly

in the grain Lengthy grains

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GONABARU

Tall plant(180cm)

Duration- 41/2 months

Long, drooping leaves

Resistant to many pest & diseases

Red rice grain (lengthy grain)

Yield potential 30-40bu/ac

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Why low yield potential ? Low tillering- moderate tillering should there.

Profuse tillering cause mutual shading

Late tillering don´t contribute to grain yield

Susceptible to lodging - upto 60% yield decrease at pre flowering stage

- upto 18% yield decrease at dough & ripening stage

High shattering losses in most varieties

Low fertilizer response

Long duration varieties - Inefficient use of land

- Longer exposure to natural hazards

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Future potentials

Demand for traditional rice varieties increasing

Increasing the demand for organic rice

Traditional rice varieties can cultivate as organic

farming

High nutritional value and tasty

Some varieties has medicinal properties

EX :-Kalu heenati

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